高考英語素材：24節(jié)氣-立春（含練習(xí)）

24SolarTerms:9thingsyoumaynotknowaboutStartofSpring24節(jié)氣：關(guān)于立春你可能不知道的9件事ThetraditionalChinesesolarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.StartofSpring(Chinese:立春),thefirstsolartermoftheyear,beginsthisyearonFeb3andendsonFeb17.中國傳統(tǒng)陽歷將一年分為24個節(jié)氣。立春（中文：立春），今年的第一個節(jié)氣，從2月3日開始，到2月17日結(jié)束。StartofSpringliftsthecurtainofspring.Afterthateverythingturnsgreenandfullofvigor;peopleclearlyseethatthedaytimeisbecominglongerandtheweatherisbecomingwarmer.立春拉開了春天的帷幕。此后，一切都變綠了，充滿了活力；人們清楚地看到白天變長了，天氣變暖了。HereareninethingsyoushouldknowaboutStartofSpring.以下是你應(yīng)該知道的關(guān)于立春的九件事。StartofSpringandSpringFestival立春和春節(jié)Asasolarterm,StartofSpringhadalreadyenteredpeople’slivesintheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770–476BC).Atthattime,therewereeightsolarterms.Accordingtosomeexperts,the24solartermswereusedforthefirsttimeinbooksduringtheWesternHanDynasty(206BC–AD24),whentheStartofSpringwassetastheSpringFestival.In1913,thefirstdayofthefirstmonthofthelunaryearwasmandatedastheSpringFestival.作為一個節(jié)氣，立春在春秋時期（公元前770–476年）就已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了人們的生活。當(dāng)時有八個節(jié)氣。根據(jù)一些專家的說法，24個節(jié)氣在西漢時期（公元前206年–公元24年）首次用于書籍中，當(dāng)時立春被定為春節(jié)。1913年，農(nóng)歷正月初一被定為春節(jié)。Flyingakite放風(fēng)箏Springisthebestseasonforkite-flying.Atraditionalfolkactivity,ithasahistoryofmorethan2,000years.Itcanhelpbuildone’shealthandpreventdiseases.Italsohastheeffectofpromotingbloodcirculationandspeedingupmetabolism.Abreathoffreshairoutsidecandischargethefoulsmellaccumulatedinwinter.春天是放風(fēng)箏的最佳季節(jié)。這是一項傳統(tǒng)的民間活動，已有2000多年的歷史。它可以幫助建立一個人的健康和預(yù)防疾病。還有促進(jìn)血液循環(huán)，加快新陳代謝的作用。在外面呼吸一口新鮮空氣可以排出冬天積累的惡臭。Erectingtheegg豎起雞蛋InChina,itissaidthattheeggcanbesetuprightonthefirstdayoftheStartofSpring,SpringEquinoxdayandAutumnEquinoxday.ItisbelievedthatifsomeonecanmaketheeggstandonthefirstdayofStartofSpring,hewillhavegoodluckinthefuture.在中國，據(jù)說在立春的第一天，春分日和秋分日可以將雞蛋立起來。人們相信，如果有人能在春天開始的第一天把雞蛋立起來，他將來會有好運。Accordingtoastronomersandphysicists,settingtheegguprighthasnothingtodowithtime,butwithmechanics.Themostimportantthingistoshifttheegg’scenterofgravitytothelowestpartoftheegg.Inthisway,thetrickisholdingtheegguntiltheyolksinksasmuchaspossible.Forthis,peopleshouldchooseaneggabout4or5daysold,whoseyolkisinclinedtosinkdown.根據(jù)天文學(xué)家和物理學(xué)家的說法，將雞蛋豎直放置與時間無關(guān)，而是與力學(xué)有關(guān)。最重要的是把雞蛋的重心轉(zhuǎn)移到雞蛋的最低處。這樣，訣竅就是拿著雞蛋，直到蛋黃盡可能下沉。為此，人們應(yīng)該選擇一個大約4或5天大的雞蛋，其蛋黃傾向于下沉。Wearingfabricswallows穿布藝燕子WearingfabricswallowsisacustominsomeregionsinShaanxi.EveryStartofSpring,peopleliketowearaswallowmadeofcolorfulsilkontheirchests.ThecustomoriginatedduringtheTangDynasty(618–907).Theswallowisaharbingerofspringandasymbolofprosperityandhappiness.穿布藝燕子是陜西一些地區(qū)的習(xí)俗。每年春天開始，人們都喜歡在胸前佩戴一只由彩色絲綢制成的燕子。這個習(xí)俗起源于唐朝（618–907）。燕子是春天的預(yù)兆，是繁榮和幸福的象征。Bitingthespring咬春InmanypartsofChina,peopleobservethecustomof“bitingthespring”onthefirstdayofStartofSpring.Theyeatspringpancakes,springrolls,orafewmouthfulsofcarrots.在中國的許多地方，人們在開春的第一天遵守“咬春”的習(xí)俗。他們吃春餅，春卷，或者幾口胡蘿卜。MakingaSpringOx做一只春天的牛ThiscustominShaanxiispracticedrightbeforetheStartofSpring.Thelocalgovernmenthiressomeskilledartisansandgathersthemtobuildtheframeofanoxoutofbamboostripsandthelegswithwood.Thentheypastesomepaperandpaintontoit—and,voila!Theimageofanoxiscomplete.Itissaidthatifmoreredandyellowpaperisused,thentherewillbeagoodharvestthatyear;ifblackpaperispasted,thentheyearwillbepoor.Whenthepaperoxisready,thereisaritualtopainttheeyes.Afterthat,peoplewillsetupanaltarforitandworshipit.陜西的這一習(xí)俗是在春天來臨之前實行的。當(dāng)?shù)卣蛡蛄艘恍┦炀毜墓そ?，把他們聚集在一起，用竹條做牛的骨架，用木頭做牛的腿。然后他們在上面糊上一些紙和顏料——瞧！牛的形象是完整的。據(jù)說，如果多使用紅色和黃色的紙，那么那一年就會有好收成；如果貼黑紙，那么這一年就會很窮。紙牛做好了，就有畫眼睛的儀式。之后，人們會為它設(shè)壇，供奉它。Postingspringcalligraphyandpaintings張貼春季字畫Thecustomofpostingcalligraphyandpaintingsonone’sdoorinthespringfirstappearedduringtheTangDynasty(618–907).PeoplewoulddosotowelcomespringandprayforgoodluckonthefirstdayofStartofSpring.春天在門上貼字畫的習(xí)俗最早出現(xiàn)在唐朝（618–907）。人們這樣做是為了迎接春天，并在立春第一天祈求好運。Appreciatingplumblossoms賞梅Plumsblossomfromthe12thlunarmonthtothesecondmonthofthenextyear.Theplumblossom,asitfightsagainstthecold,isthemosthighlyregarded.InChina,theplumblossom,orchid,bambooandchrysanthemumarepraisedasthefourgentlemenofChineseflowers.李子從農(nóng)歷十二月到第二年的第二個月開花。梅花是最受推崇的，因為它能抵御寒冷。在中國，梅花、蘭花、竹子和菊花被譽(yù)為中國花中的四君子Welcomingspring迎春PeopleinChinabeganholdingaspecialceremonyonthefirstdayofStartofSpringabout3,000yearsago.TheymadesacrificestoGouMang,thegodofSpring,whoisinchargeofagriculture.BytheQingDynasty(1644–1911),greetingspringhadbecomeanimportantfolkactivity.InBeijing,governmentofficialswelcomedspringinthewildfieldnearDongzhimen(theeastgateofBeijing).大約3000年前，中國人開始在春天開始的第一天舉行一個特殊的儀式。他們向掌管農(nóng)業(yè)的春之神茍莽獻(xiàn)祭。到了清朝（1644–1911），迎春已經(jīng)成為一項重要的民間活動。在北京，政府官員在東直門（北京的東大門）附近的野外迎接春天。NOTES?紅色：詞匯藍(lán)色：短語※黃色：語法總結(jié)，長難句閱讀綜合練習(xí)在文后?vigor/?v?ɡ?/n.活力，精力liftsthecurtainofspring拉開了春天的帷幕※peopleclearlyseethatthedaytimeisbecominglongerandtheweatherisbecomingwarmer.此句是由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，從句本身是由and連接的兩個并列的句子。theSpringandAutumnPeriod春秋時期Accordingto：根據(jù)besetas被定為?mandate/?m?nde?t/v.強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行；委托辦理；授權(quán)bemandatedas：被定為?folk/f??k/adj.傳統(tǒng)民間的；民俗的preventdiseases預(yù)防疾病promotebloodcirculation促進(jìn)血液循環(huán)speedupmetabolism加快新陳代謝?metabolism/m??t?b?l?z?m/n.新陳代謝?discharge/d?s?t?ɑ?d?/v.釋放;排出；放出；流出?foul/fa?l/adj.骯臟惡臭的；難聞的※accumulatedinwinter：過去分詞短語做后置定語，修飾smell。?erect/??rekt/v.搭建，建造；使豎立，豎起；創(chuàng)立，※itissaidthat...:據(jù)聽說※Itisbelievedthat：人們相信以上兩個句子都是it做形式主語的主語從句。?equinox/?ekw?n?ks/n.春分；秋分；晝夜平分點?physicist/?f?z?s?st/n.物理學(xué)家※settingtheegguprighthasnothingtodowithtime,butwithmechanics.：固定句型not...but不是...而是，動名詞setting做主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。?yolk/j??k/n.蛋黃※whoseyolkisinclinedtosinkdown：定語從句，關(guān)系代詞whose指代egg’s在從句中做定語。?incline/?n?kla?n/v.（使）傾向于；點頭；（使）傾斜beinclinedto：傾向于?fabric/?f?br?k/n.布料，織物；構(gòu)造，結(jié)構(gòu)?harbinger/?hɑ?b?nd??/n.先驅(qū)，前兆；預(yù)告者vt.預(yù)告；充做……的前驅(qū)?prosperity/pr??sper?ti/n.繁榮，成功symbolofprosperityandhappiness：繁榮和幸福的象征。observethecustomof“bitingthespring”：遵守“咬春”的習(xí)俗springpancakes春餅springrolls春卷?mouthful/?ma?θf?l/n.一口，一滿口（的量）?artisan/?ɑ?t??z?n/n.工匠，技工?frame/fre?m/n.框架，邊框build...outof:用......建造?voila/vw??lɑ?/int.瞧；可不是?paste/pe?st/v.（尤指用漿糊）黏，貼；n.面糊，糊狀物；糨糊?ritual/?r?t?u?l/n.（宗教等的）儀式，典禮?altar/???lt?(r)/n.祭壇，圣壇?worship/?w????p/v.敬奉（神）；愛慕，崇拜?calligraphy/k??l?ɡr?fi/n.書法，書法藝術(shù)?blossom/?bl?s?m/n.花朵，花簇V.開花?orchid/???k?d/n.蘭花?chrysanthemum/kr??z?nθ?m?m/n.菊；菊花，※whoisinchargeofagriculture：定語從句，關(guān)系代詞who指代thegodofSpring，在從句中做主語?！鵅ytheQingDynasty(1644–1911),greetingspringhadbecomeanimportantfolkactivity：By表示到……為止，后面接表示過去的時間，句子謂語動詞用過去完成時had+done。閱讀理解。WhichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutthestartofSpring?ItisoneoftheeightsolartermsintheSpringandAutumnPeriod.ItwasonceonthesamedayoftheSpringFestival.Peopleliketowearfabricswallowswhicharethesymbolsofprosperityandhappiness.Eggscanonlybeerectedonthisday.Peopledoallthethingstowelcomethestartofspringexcept_________.erectingtheeggswearingfabricswallowsraisinganOxpostingspringcalligraphyWhat’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“inclined”inthepassage?wanttodoB.tendtodoC.agreetodoD.prefertodoAccordingtothepassage,eggsmaybeerected________________.onthefirstdayofthestartofSpring.onSpringEquinoxdayandAutumnEquinoxday.whentheegg’syolksinksdownasmuchaspossible.whentheeggis4or5daysold.Thesolartermsaredividedaccordingto__________.agriculturalactivitiesB.traditionalactivitiesC.folkactivitiesD.thegovernment’sactivities答案：DCBCA二．按照單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空或首字母填空。People,ingeneral,regardspringasthebeginningofayearwheneverythingisfreshandfullofvitality.Lifedisplaysitsenergyagain,emergingfromtheicyclutchesofwinter.6.Athefirstmonthofthelunarcalendaristraditionally7._________(consider)tobethefirstmonthofspring,realspringcomes8.__________(late).More9._____(precise),theLichun(BeginningofSpring)solartermisregardedasthe10._____(office)startofspring.AlthoughLunarNewYeariscalledSpringFestival,itisattheBeginningofSpringwhenpeoplecan11.(true)welcomeandfeelthespring.Therealearlyspringiscalledmengchun,wiscountedfromthebeginningoftheLichunsolartermtothetimebeforethestartofJingzhe(AwakeningofInsects).ThegrandhistorianSimaQianstressedtheimportanceofthebeginningofspringinthebookHistoricalRecordsofHeavenOfficials,andpeopleatthetimeattachedgreat13.______(important)toit.TheemperorsoftheZhouDynastywenttothesuburbs14._______(greet)theSpringGod,andtheritualtheyinheritedmusthaveoriginatedfromthepreviousdynasty.Peoplewaitoutsidereverentlytowelcomespring,acustom15.thassurvivedtothisday.答案：6.Although7.considered8.later9.precisely10.official11.truly12.which13.importance14.togreet15.that三．選詞填空。（用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）precisepreciselydischargeerectvitalityreverentlyoriginateclutchworshipmouthfulemergeThefactorywasfinedfor__