2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語課時(shí)分層作業(yè)3Unit1CulturalHeritage含解析新人教版必修第二冊(cè)

PAGE1-課時(shí)分層作業(yè)(三)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AMorethan10millionChineseculturalrelicshavebeenlostoverseas，mostofwhichwerestolenandillegallyshippedoutofChinaduringthetimesofwarbefore1949.About1.67millionpiecesarehousedinmorethan200museumsin47countries，whichaccountsfor10percentofalllostChineseculturalrelics，andtherestareinthehandsofprivatecollectors.MostofthesetreasuresareownedbymuseumsorprivatecollectorsintheUnitedStates，Europe，JapanandSoutheastAsiancountries.Therearemorethan23，000piecesintheBritishMuseum，mostofwhichwerestolenorboughtforpenniesmorethan100yearsago.Themajormethodtorecoverthesenationaltreasureswastobuythemback.Insomecases，privatecollectorsdonatedtherelicstothegovernment.Alsothegovernmentcanturntoofficialchannelstodemandthereturnofrelics.In2003，apricelessbronzepig'sheaddatingfromtheQingDynastywasreturnedtoitshomeinBeijingafteritwasremovedbytheAnglo-FrenchAlliedArmyover140yearsago.Macaoentrepreneur(企業(yè)家)StanleyHodonated6millionyuantobuyitbackfromaUSartcollectorandthendonatedittothePolyArtMuseuminBeijing.Althoughbuying-backisthemostfeasiblewaytorecoverthelosttreasures，limitedfundingisalwaysabigheadache.Inrecentyears，theChinesegovernmenthasimprovedeffortstorecoverthepreciousculturalrelicslostoverseas.Ithasstartedanationalprojectontherecoveryofthetreasuresandhassetupadatabasecollectingrelevantinformation.Ithassignedseveralinternationalagreementswithmanycountriesonthismatter，andisalsolookingforinternationalcooperationtorecovertherelicsbyworkingcloselywithseveralinternationalorganizations.【語篇解讀】本文講解并描述了中國人民及政府為收回流失海外的文物所做的努力。1．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Howtorecoverculturalrelics.B．TheeffortstorecoverChineseculturalrelics.C．StanleyHodonatedabronzepig'sheadtoBeijing.D．ChineseculturalrelicswerestolenbytheAnglo-FrenchAlliedArmy.B[主旨大意題。本文用大量篇幅講解并描述了中國人民及政府為收回流失海外的文物所做的努力，可見B項(xiàng)是文章的主旨。]2．MostofthelostChineseculturalrelics．A．havebeenrecoveredbytheChinesegovernmentB．wereboughtforlittlemoneybyforeignersC．a(chǎn)reownedbyprivatecollectorsD．a(chǎn)rehousedinforeignmuseumsC[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段的最終一句可知，中國丟失的大部分文物都在私人保藏家的手中。]3．Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthebronzepig'sheadisNOTtrue?A．ItwasmadeintheQingDynasty.B．ItisnowinthePolyArtMuseuminBeijing.C．ItwasdonatedbytheFrenchgovernmenttoChina.D．ItwasremovedbytheAnglo-FrenchAlliedArmyover140yearsago.C[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容可知，豬首是澳門企業(yè)家StanleyHo從美國保藏家手中買回來再捐贈(zèng)給北京保利藝術(shù)博物館的，而不是法國政府贈(zèng)送的，所以C項(xiàng)不對(duì)。]4．Theunderlinedword“feasible”inParagraph5canbereplacedby．A．possible B．difficultC．popular D．carefulA[詞義揣測題。依據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容可知，收回文物的主要方法是將它們買回來，由此可推斷買文物是較為“可行的”方法。故選A。]BMorethan2，000yearsago，whenthelastshovelful(一鏟)ofdirtfellontheTerracottaWarriors，itwasthoughtthattheywouldneverseethesunlightagainandwouldspendtherestoftheir“l(fā)ives”guardingandprotectingthefirstChineseemperor，QinShiHuang，whodiedin210BC.Butthingsgotbetterofffortheseclay(陶土的)soldiers.EversincetheywerediscoveredinXi'anin1974，byagroupoffarmers，they'vebeenabletoseethebiggerworld-travellingfromonemuseumtothenext.TheyarenowondisplayinNewYorkatDiscoveryTimesSquare，reportedtheNewYorkTimes.However，thestorydoesn'tendhere.Theroughly2，000soldiersfoundsofarareestimated(估計(jì))tobeonlyonequarterofthetotalnumber.Moreover，scientistshaven'tyetdaredtotouchthecentraltomb，whichisbelievedtocontainthebodyoftheemperorhimself.“Partlyit'soutofrespectfortheelders，”explainedKristinRomey，consultant(顧問)fortheexhibition.“Buttheyalsorealisethatnobodyintheworldrightnowhasthetechnologytoproperlygoinandexcavate(挖掘)it.”Thisistrue.Accordingtoancientwritings，theemperor'stombiscircledbyriversofliquidmercury(水銀)whichishighlypoisonousbutcankeepthebodyingoodcondition.Studiesofthesoilaroundthetombalsofoundalargeamountofmercury.Thismakesexploringthetombverydangerous.Theotherreasonwhyscientistshavebeenhesitatingisthattheyareafraidofthedamagetheymightcausebyopeningthetomb.“Whenwebeganexcavating‘thesoldiers’inthe70s，theminutetheywereexposedtoairandsunlight，thepigment(顏料)justflakedoff(剝落)，”RomeytoldtheFoxNews.Buthebelievesthatthesolutionwillcomewhenscienceadvances.Perhapsavisualrobotcanbesentintothetombfirsttoinvestigateandhelpfigureoutthebestwaytoprotectit.Intheend，scientistsandhistoriansmustweightheirdesiretoknowagainstthedamagetheirdiggingmightcause.“Archaeology，ultimately(歸根結(jié)底)，isadestructivescience，”Romeysaid，“Youhavetodestroystuffinordertolearnaboutit.”【語篇解讀】本文主要講的是為什么科學(xué)家目前還不敢動(dòng)手開挖秦始皇陵，以及這其中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)所在。5．Whatisthepointofthearticle?A．TotellaboutthemysteriesofQinShiHuang'stomb.B．Toanalysewhyarchaeologyisadestructivescience.C．TointroducetheTerracottaWarriorsexhibitioninNewYork.D．ToexplaintherisksoffurtherexcavatingQinShiHuang'stomb.D[主旨大意題。本文主要講的是為什么科學(xué)家目前還不敢動(dòng)手開挖秦始皇陵，以及這其中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)所在，所以答案為D。]6．Whatcanbeconcludedfromthearticle?A．Itisestimatedthatabout10，000claysoldierswereburiedwithQinShiHuanginhisgrave.B．Thedecisionwhethertoopenthetombornotislikelytobeinfluencedbythepaceoftechnologicalprogress.C．ThehighlypoisonousmercurywasusedbyQinShiHuangtokeepawaythosewhoattempttodestroyhistomb.D．Scientistswon'texcavateQinShiHuang'stombuntiltheythinkofagoodwaytopreservethebodyoftheemperor.B[推理推斷題。由第四段中的“Theroughly2，000soldiersfoundsofarareestimatedtobeonlyonequarterofthetotalnumber.”可知A項(xiàng)不對(duì)；由第六段中的“theemperor'stombiscircledbyriversofliquidmercurywhichishighlypoisonousbutcankeepthebodyingoodcondition”可知，運(yùn)用水銀主要是為了更好地保存秦始皇的遺體，所以C項(xiàng)不對(duì)；科學(xué)家們等待技術(shù)發(fā)展到肯定程度，直到他們能夠盡可能削減對(duì)陵墓的損害的時(shí)候再動(dòng)手開挖陵墓，而不是找到方法保存秦始皇的遺體，所以B項(xiàng)正確。]7．Whatshouldscientistsandhistorianspayattentiontointheirworkaccordingtothearticle?A．Theyshouldrespecttheancientworldduringtheirwork.B．Theyshouldalwaystaketheirownsafetyintoconsideration.C．Theyshouldbalancethevalueanddamageoftheirwork.D．Theyshouldhaveacontinuousdesiretoknownewthings.C[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由最終一段中的“Intheend，scientistsandhistoriansmustweightheirdesiretoknowagainstthedamagetheirdiggingmightcause.”可知C項(xiàng)為正確答案。]Ⅱ.概要寫作閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Butterfliesareverybeautifulinsects.Theybelongtothebutterflyfamily.Wecanseetheminthedaytime.Whenweenjoyflowers，we'llseethemflyingaround.Theylookmorelovelythantheflowers.Butterfliesarenotonlyfriendsoftheplants，butalsoenemiesofthem.Butterfliesarecommonallovertheworld，buttheonesinhotcountriesareusuallybiggerandmorebrightlycolouredthanthoseincoolercountries，andtherearedifferentkinds.Usuallythemalebutterflyismorebrightlycolouredthanthefemale.Thefemaleshavebiggerandheavierbodies，sincetheycarrytheeggs.Thegaycoloursofthemalehelptoattractthefemaleandthedullercoloursofthefemalemakethemlesslikelytobecaughtbytheenemiesbeforetheyhavelaidtheireggs.Somebutterflieshaveabrightpatternofcoloursontheuppersurfaceoftheirwingswhichareshownwhentheyfly，butwhentheyrestonatreeorleaf，theyclosetheirwings.Ontheundersidesoftheirwingstherearegreenandbrownmarkswhichlooklikethetreeorleaves.Theyarethendifficulttosee.ThebestexampleofthisistheDeadLeafButterfly.Whenitswingsareclosed，itlooksexactlylikeadeadleaf.Thereareevenmarksthatlookliketheholesinadeadleaf.Whenabirdischasingabutterfly，anditclosesitswings，itseemstohavedisappearedcompletely.Manybutterflieshaveroundmarksontheirwingsthatlooklikeeyes.Whentheyareresting，andtheirwingsarefolded，thesecannotbeseen.Whenabirdseesone，andbeginstoattackit，thebutterflyopensitswings.Thebirdthinksthatitseestwoeyesstaringatit，andfrightened，itfliesaway.