2024-2025學年高中英語課時作業(yè)2Unit1GreatscientistsLearningaboutLanguageUsingLanguage含解析新人教版必修5

Unit1Greatscientists課時作業(yè)2LearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguageⅠ.單詞拼法1．Idon'tmakesenseofwhatyousaidjustnow.Couldyouexplainittomenow?2．Hewasverycautiouswhenhewasaskedabouthisattitudetowardsthematter.3．Thegirlrejectedhisofferofajob,becauseshewantedtofindonebyherself.4．Shewasevenlessenthusiastic(熱忱的)aboutgoingtoSpain.5．Sheisnotverypositive(樂觀的)abouttheoutcomeofthetalks.6．Shehadagreateyeforcolorandcameupwithsomecreativeideasforourhouse.7．Yesterdayonetoldmethatthereisakindofbird;it'stheonlyonewhichcanflybackward(向后)．8．Scientistswatchthemoontogetdataaboutitsmovement(移動)．9．Wealllookforwardtothedaywhenthescientistscandiscovermoresecretsoftheuniverse.10．Let'sspinthecointodecidewhethertogoornot.Ⅱ.選詞填空makesense，bestrictwith，bepositiveabout，contributeto，apartfrom，makeadifference，beenthusiasticabout，becautiousabout，leadto，besimilarto1．Myteacherwillbe_strict_withmefromnowon.2．You'vegottobe_positive_aboutyourwork.3．Thisisourvirginvoyageonthissearoute.Wemustbe_cautious_aboutoursafety.4．Theeasiestwaytomake_a_differenceisnottodroplitter.5．Davidis_enthusiastic_abouttheplanthatwewillgoonholidayinSanya.6．Apart_fromthecost,thedressdoesn'tsuitme.7．Itmakes_sensetosavemoneywhileyoucan.8．Theuseofinformationtechnologycouldlead_tomajorprogressfordevelopingnations.9．Monkeysare_similar_tohumanbeingsbutarestillpartoftheanimalkingdom.10．Wouldyouliketocontribute_toourcollection?Ⅲ.單句語法填空1．Theyarelikelytorespondpositively(positive)tothePresident'srequestforaid.2．Iboughtatoysoldierwithmovable(move)armsandlegsformyson.3．Thetruckspun(spin)outontheicyroad,andcrashedintothefence.4．Youshouldbecautious(caution)whenyoucrossthestreet.5．Herrejection(reject)ofhimseemstohavemadehimgobackintohisshell.6．Awarmsmileistheuniversal(universe)languageofkindness.7．Onlyifateacherhasgivenpermissionisastudentallowedtoenterthisroom.8．Hewenttothebadmintonclubattimesduringhisschooldays.9．Wefinishedtheruninlessthanhalfthetimeallowed(allow)．10．MrSmithgaveusaconfusinglecturethisafternoonandmostofuswereconfused.(confuse)Ⅳ.完成句子1．我想知道他們之間糟糕的關系什么時候結束。Iwonderwhenthebadrelationbetweenthemwillcome_to_an_end.2．聽到這個鼓舞人心的消息，我們都為我們的國家驕傲。Hearing_the_inspiringnews,weallfeltproudofourcountry.3．除了兩本有價值的書外，他還給了我一些錢。Apart_fromtwovaluablebooks,heofferedmesomemoney.4．你能在架子上騰出放新書的地方嗎？Canyoumake_roomontheshelffornewbooks?5．那位退休工人建議我多喝開水。Theretiredworkeradvisedmetodrinkmoreboiledwater.6．每個人都應當為愛護環(huán)境做貢獻。Everyoneshouldmake_a_contribution_toprotectingtheenvironment.7．為了確定他在家，我事先打電話給他。To_make_sure_thathewasathome,Icalledhimupinadvance.8．我在做出確定之前有很多狀況要考慮。Ihavemanyfactstochewuponbefore_I_make_up_my_mind.Ⅰ.完形填空ThomasEdisontriedtwothousanddifferentmaterialstomakethelightbulb.Whennoneworkedsatisfactorily,hisassistant__1__，“Allourworkisinvain.Wehavelearnednothing.”ThomasEdisonrepliedvery__2__，“Oh,wehavecomealongwayandwehave__3__alot.Wenowknowthattherearetwothousandmaterialswhichwecannot__4__tomakeagoodlightbulb.”Ifwelearnfromourmistakes,thenweare__5__.Ifwelearnfromsomeoneelse'smistakes,thenweareagenius.Successisnothingmorethanafewsimpledisciplines__6__dailyandfailureisnothingmorethanafewsmall__7__repeateddaily.How__8__theabovelinesare!Successtakes__9__.We'llmakemistakes__10__wedothingsintoomuchofahurry.Whenwedonotpracticedisciplinesinlife,wedon'tbuildenoughconfidenceto__11__newandchallengingtaskswhichareimportantandmatterinlife.Ourconfidence__12__whatwethinkofourselvesandwhetherwebelieveinourselves.Weareallbornwithexceptional(獨特的)__13__，butonlyafewreally__14__theirtruepotentialsandmakeeffortsinlifeandtheothersjustleada(n)__15__life.Doyouwanttobeexceptional?Successisafruitwhicheveryonewantsto__16__butitisnotfoundeverywhereandnoonecan__17__itwithoutseriousefforts.Thosewhowanttosucceedwillfindaway;thosewhodon'twillfinda(n)__18__！Successdependsonprevious__19__，andwithoutitwewillendinfailure.Whenyouare__20__，pleaseenjoyitandgiveyourhandtootherswhowanttoaccomplishsomething.1．A.celebrated B．complainedC．explained D．answered答案：B解析：由后面的話可知，愛迪生的助手有點垂頭喪氣，所以他就起先“埋怨(complained)”。celebrate“慶?！?；explain“說明”；answer“回答”。2．A.confidently B．madlyC．carelessly D．angrily答案：A解析：由后面愛迪生所說的話可知，愛迪生對獨創(chuàng)鍥而不舍，所以他對自己的工作充溢了“信念”。3．A.remembered B．refusedC．learned D．ordered答案：C解析：由愛迪生的樂觀看法可知，他認為他們已經“學到了(learned)”很多。上文中助手的話也有提示。4．A.test B．ignoreC．invent D．use答案：D解析：試驗證明有2000種材料不能“用來(use)”做電燈泡。5．A.healthy B．enthusiasticC．intelligent D．generous答案：C解析：此處與下句的genius呼應：假如我們擅長從自己的錯誤中學習，那我們就會變得“明智(intelligent)”。6．A.shown B．preventedC．recorded D．practiced答案：D解析：勝利就是每天要“實踐(practice)”的一些簡潔的行為準則。由下一段第四句可得到提示。7．A.errors B．machinesC．jobs D．steps答案：A解析：失敗來自于每天重復犯的“小錯誤(errors)”。8．Amon B．strangeC．familiar D．true答案：D解析：這里用true表示作者完全認同上述這些話。9．A.effect B．timeC．drugs D．roles答案：B解析：由下一句可知，勝利須要時間。10．A.asthough B．sothatC．unless D．if答案：D解析：假如太焦急就會犯錯誤。if在此引導一個條件狀語從句。11．A.keep B．attemptC．give D．see答案：B解析：沒有自信念，我們就無法去“嘗試(attempt)”新的具有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務。12．A.dependson B．setsasideC．turnsdown D．setsup答案：A解析：由上下文可知，我們的自信“取決于(dependson)”我們對自己的看法以及我們是否信任自己。13．A.appearances B．experiencesC．qualities D．feelings答案：C解析：我們每個人生來都具有特別的“品質(qualities)”。其他選項不符合常理。14．A.own B．realizeC．provide D．research答案：B解析：但是只有一少部分人“相識到(realize)”自己的潛能。15．A.active B．hardC．rich D．average答案：D解析：此處選“平凡的(average)”與上文中的exceptional對應。16．A.sell B．drawC．eat D．praise答案：C解析：勝利就像人人都想“吃(eat)”的水果，此處用來比方人人都想擁有勝利。17．A.achieve B．watchC．offer D．recognize答案：A解析：不付出努力，你就無法“獲得(achieve)”勝利。18．A.story B．excuseC．key D．plan答案：B解析：想勝利的人總是找尋方法，而不想勝利的人總是找尋“借口(excuse)”。19．A.preparation B．influenceC．life D．generation答案：A解析：事先打算會走向勝利，反之注定會失敗。previouspreparation“從前的打算”。20．A.powerful B．wonderfulC．successful D．hopeful答案：C解析：當你“勝利(successful)”時，享受它并幫助其他想取得成就的人。Ⅱ.語法填空Scientistshavediscoveredthat__1__(stay)inthecoldcouldhelpusloseweight.ResearchersattheUniversityofCaliforniafoundthatexposuretothecoldincreaseslevelsofaproteinthathelpsformbrownfat—atypeoffat__2__producesheatandkeepsuswarm.Brownfatburnsenergy,whichhelpsusloseweight.Whitefatstoresextraenergy,whichresults__3__weightgain.Theresearcherssaidthatbecauseairconditioningandheatinggiveusconstantand__4__(comfort)temperatures,ourbody'sneedforbrownfathasdecreased.Theyfoundthat：“OutdoorworkersinnorthernFinlandwho__5__(expose)tocoldtemperaturehave__6__significantamountofbrownfatwhen__Theresearchwasconductedontwodifferentcontrolgroupsofmice.Onegroupwasinjectedwiththeproteinthathelpscreatebrownfat.Thisgrouplatergained30%lessweightafterbothgroupswerefedhigh－fatdiets.Theresearcherssaythiscouldbegoodnewsinthefightagainstobesity.Peoplewhoareobesehave__8__(low)levelsofbrownfatthanthinnerpeople.HeadresearcherHeiSookSulsaid,“Thisproteincouldbecomeanimportanttargetforresearchintothetreatmentand__9__(prevent)ofobesityandobesity－relateddiseases.”Sheadded,“I