安徽省示范高中2021-2022學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期自主招生考試英語試題 含解析

安徽省示范高中2021年自主招生考試英語試卷本試卷共6頁，全卷滿分100分，考試時間共60分鐘?！镒？荚図樌镒⒁馐马?xiàng)：1.考生答題全部在答題卷上，答在本試題卷上無效。2.請認(rèn)真核對在答題卷上所粘貼條形碼的姓名、考號是否與本人相符，再將自己的姓名、班級和考號用0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆填寫在答題卷及本試題卷上。3.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卷上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案編號。4.非選擇題用0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將答案直接答在答題卷上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。5.考生不得折疊答題卷，保持答題卷的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請將答題卷上交。Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出一個可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1.—Haveyouheardtheexcitingnews?Wearegoingtoaconcertforfreeaftertheexam.—________.Youmustbejoking!A.That’snottrue B.Cheerup C.Goodlucktoyou D.Takeiteasy【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——你聽到這個令人興奮的消息了嗎？考完試我們將免費(fèi)去聽音樂會?！遣皇钦娴陌伞Ｄ憧隙ㄊ窃陂_玩笑吧！A.That’snottrue那不是真的；B.Cheerup振作起來；C.Goodlucktoyou祝你好運(yùn)；D.Takeiteasy放松，別緊張。根據(jù)“Youmustbejoking!”可知，不相信消息是真的。故選A。2.Adictionaryusuallyhasmany________whichshowhowwordsareused.A.tests B.courses C.questions D.examples【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：詞典通常有許多的例句來說明單詞的用法。A.tests測試；B.courses課程；C.questions問題；D.examples例子。根據(jù)“whichshowhowwordsareused”可知，設(shè)空處要填的內(nèi)容“指出單詞是如何使用的”，再結(jié)合“Adictionary”可知，是詞典中的例子。故選D。3.Ifyouneedtoremembersomething,writeanoteand________itonthedoorthenightbefore.A.separate B.blow C.stick D.paint【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你需要記住某件事，寫個便條，頭天晚上粘在門上。A.separate分離；B.blow（風(fēng)）刮，吹；C.stick粘，貼；D.paint（用顏料）繪畫。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“貼”在門上，與write為并列謂語，所以此處使用動詞原形。故選C項(xiàng)。4.—It’s________yourpromisetobeabsentfromHelen’sparty.—Yes.ButIhavetoprepareformyreportnextweek.A.for B.against C.with D.from【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：——你不去參加海倫的聚會違背了你的諾言?！堑摹５俏冶仨殰?zhǔn)備下周的報告。A.for為了；B.against違反；C.with帶有；D.from從……。根據(jù)“ButIhavetoprepareformyreportnextweek”可知，因?yàn)橐獪?zhǔn)備下周的報告，沒能去參加海倫的聚會，這違背了諾言。故選B。5.Thetwobuildingslook________sincetheyarecreatedbythesamecompany.A.similar B.famous C.tiny D.modern【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這兩座建筑看起來很相似，因?yàn)樗鼈兪怯赏患夜驹O(shè)計的。A.similar相似的；B.famous著名的；C.tiny微小的；D.modern現(xiàn)代的。根據(jù)“sincetheyarecreatedbythesamecompany.”可知，此處表示“看起來相似”。故選A。6.Weshoulddevelopateamspiritwhereverweare________wearetogetherwithothers.A.eventhough B.eversince C.aslongas D.inorderthat【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：只要我們和其他人在一起，無論身在何處，我們都應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)團(tuán)隊(duì)精神。A.eventhough即使；B.eversince從那時起一直；C.aslongas只要；D.inorderthat為了。此處引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，表示“只要”應(yīng)用aslongas。故選C。7.—WhyisMrs.Huntercallingthepolice?—Because________parkedhiscarrightinfrontofhers.A.anybody B.somebody C.everybody D.nobody【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：——Hunter太太為什么要給警察打電話？——因?yàn)橛腥税阉能囃Ｔ谒能嚽懊?。A.anybody任何人；B.somebody某人；C.everybody每個人；D.nobody沒有人。根據(jù)“WhyisMrs.Huntercallingthepolice?”可知，因?yàn)橛腥税衍囃Ｔ贖unter太太的車前面，她才報警的。故選B。8.—I’mwondering________wecankeepintouchwhenyouareabroad?—Email,Wechat,orphone.Anywayyoulike.A.where B.when C.how D.why【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意：——我想知道你在國外時我們怎樣保持聯(lián)系？——電子郵件、微信或電話。任何你喜歡的方式。A.where哪里；B.when什么時候；C.how如何；D.why為什么。根據(jù)“Email,Wechat,orphone.”可知，是對方式的提問，用how引導(dǎo)賓語從句。故選C。9.Thetennisplayerhopesshecanimprovemorewhenshe________abettertrainingprogram.A.offers B.willoffer C.isoffered D.willbeoffered【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：這位網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動員希望當(dāng)她得到更好的訓(xùn)練計劃時，她能取得更大的進(jìn)步。she和offer為被動關(guān)系，需用被動語態(tài)，排除A項(xiàng)和B項(xiàng)；根據(jù)“hopes”和“can”可知，when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。故選C。10.Withhardwork,hislifehas______anewlook.A.takenon B.takenup C.takenaway D.takendown【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：通過努力工作，他的生活呈現(xiàn)新的面貌。A.takenon呈現(xiàn)；B.takenup占據(jù)，從事；C.takenaway帶走；D.takendown記下。根據(jù)“anewlook”可知，此處表示“生活呈現(xiàn)出新的面貌”。故選A。Ⅱ.完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出一個最佳選項(xiàng)。You’recoldandalone.You’re____11____.You’velostyourway.Youcan’tspeakthelocallanguage.You’velostyourmoneyandpassport.Youcouldexperienceanyofthesesituationsinanothercountry.Whowouldyou____12____forhelp?RecentlymywifeandIwerefacedwithadifficultsituationwhiletravelingbycarinthemountainswithourhired____13____.Itwasgoingtobealongrideandweweretired.Suddenly,theenginemadealoudnoiseandthen____14____working.Thesunwasjust____15____andtheairwasgettingcooler.Wetriedcommunicatingwiththedriverbutwithlittle____16____.Hedidtheactofgoingtogethelpandthenhe____17____.Wewereina____18____location,withnohousesinsight.Westartedto____19____thecriesofwildanimals.Sophie,mywife,wasscared.Wedidn’thavemuchfoodanditwasgettingcolder,anddarker.Ibegantolose____20____.Acoupleof____21____passed.Suddenly,theheadlightsfromanothercarappearedinthedark.An____22____mangotoutofthecar.Helookedunfriendlyatfirst,untilhis____23____openedwithabig,friendlysmile.Heinvitedustogetintothecarwithhim.Hehadsuchakindface,andwethoughtwecould____24____him.Weclimbedintothecar.Beforeweleft,heputa____25____onthewindshieldofthecarwithhisphonenumberonit.Thenhedroveustoanearbyvillage,andwemethisfamily.HiscousinspokebasicFrenchand____26____usteaandlocalfood.Theyweredelicious.Theneveryone____27____westayfordinner.Theyaskedusquestionsandwerehappytohaveunexpected____28____.Laterthateveningthephonerang.Itwasourdriver.Hesaidthatthecarwasrunningagain.We____29____thepeoplewhohelpedus,Icouldn’tbelievethe____30____fromthecousin:“No,wethankyouforcomingintoourhome.”Iwillneverforgetthewarmthwereceivedonthatday.11.A.angry B.free C.afraid D.brave12.A.turnup B.turnon C.turndown D.turnto13.A.teacher B.doctor C.driver D.guide14.A.stopped B.started C.finished D.avoided15.A.rising B.setting C.shining D.running16.A.energy B.effort C.patience D.success17.A.cried B.shouted C.arrived D.left18.A.busy B.modern C.lonely D.magic19.A.imagine B.hear C.hide D.doubt20.A.time B.blood C.confidence D.support21.A.weeks B.hours C.days D.seconds22.A.unhappy B.unimportant C.unfamiliar D.unhealthy23.A.eyes B.ears C.nose D.mouth24.A.miss B.remember C.trust D.call25.A.flag B.scarf C.note D.rope26.A.lent B.sent C.took D.offered27.A.insisted B.refused C.explained D.understood28.A.home B.gift C.guests D.meals29.A.met B.thanked C.pointed D.found30.A.reply B.question C.mark D.result【答案】11.C12.D13.C14.A15.B16.D17.D18.C19.B20.C21.B22.C23.D24.C25.C26.D27.A28.C29.B30.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了因?yàn)槠嚦龉收?，作者和妻子在旅行中受困，得到一位陌生人一家的熱情招待，此外，雇來的司機(jī)也信守承諾修好了汽車，作者不會忘記自己感受到的溫暖。【11題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：你很害怕。A.angry生氣的；B.free自由的；C.afraid害怕的；D.brave勇敢的。根據(jù)后文“You’velostyourway.(你迷路了)”以及“Sophie,mywife,wasscared.(我的妻子索菲很害怕)”指迷路了害怕。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：你會向誰求助？A.turnup出現(xiàn)；B.turnon打開；C.turndown拒絕；D.turnto求助于。根據(jù)上文“You’velostyourway.Youcan’tspeakthelocallanguage.You’velostyourmoneyandpassport.Youcouldexperienceanyofthesesituationsinanothercountry.(你迷路了。你不會說當(dāng)?shù)氐恼Z言。你的錢和護(hù)照都丟了。在另一個國家，你可能會遇到這些情況)”可知，此處指向誰求助，應(yīng)用turntosb.forhelp。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最近，我和我的妻子在我們雇的司機(jī)開車去山里旅行時遇到了一個困難的情況。A.teacher老師；B.doctor醫(yī)生；C.driver司機(jī)；D.guide向?qū)А８鶕?jù)后文“Itwasourdriver.(是我們的司機(jī))”可知，他們雇了一個司機(jī)。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，發(fā)動機(jī)發(fā)出一聲巨響，然后停止了工作。A.stopped停止；B.started開始；C.finished結(jié)束；D.avoided避免。根據(jù)后文“Hedidtheactofgoingtogethelp”可知，車壞了，即停止工作，所以司機(jī)去求助。故選A。【15題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：太陽剛剛落山，空氣漸漸涼爽起來。A.rising提高；B.setting下山；C.shining閃耀；D.running奔跑。根據(jù)后文“andtheairwasgettingcooler”可知，氣溫變涼了，推測是太陽落山了，故選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們試著和司機(jī)溝通，但收效甚微。A.energy能量；B.effort努力；C.patience耐心；D.success成功。根據(jù)上文“Wetriedcommunicatingwiththedriverbutwithlittle”中but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明試著和司機(jī)溝通，但收效甚微。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他做了去尋求幫助的動作，然后他離開了。A.cried哭泣；B.shouted叫喊；C.arrived到達(dá)；D.left離開。結(jié)合上文可知車壞了，所以司機(jī)離開去找人幫忙了。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們在一個偏僻的地方，看不到房子。A.busy忙碌的；B.modern現(xiàn)代的；C.lonely偏僻的；D.magic神奇的。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)ocation,withnohousesinsight”可知，這個地方看不到房子，說明很偏僻。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們開始聽到野生動物的叫聲。A.imagine想象；B.hear聽見；C.hide隱藏；D.doubt懷疑。根據(jù)后文“thecriesofwildanimals”指聽見野生動物的叫聲。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始失去信心。A.time時間；B.blood血液；C.confidence信心；D.support支持。根據(jù)上文“Sophie,mywife,wasscared.Wedidn’thavemuchfoodanditwasgettingcolder,anddarker.(我的妻子索菲很害怕。我們沒有多少食物，天越來越冷，也越來越黑)”可知，他們情況堪憂，開始失去信心了。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾個小時過去了。A.weeks周；B.hours小時；C.days天；D.seconds秒。結(jié)合常識，作者和妻子在車?yán)飸?yīng)該是等待了幾個小時，然后遇到了路人，hours最符合語境。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一個陌生的男人下了車。A.unhappy不開心的；B.unimportant不重要的；C.unfamiliar不熟悉的；D.unhealthy不健康的。根據(jù)后文“Helookedunfriendlyatfirst(起初他看起來很不友好)”可知，來的是一個陌生人，看著不友好。故選C。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一開始他看起來很不友好，直到他張開嘴露出一個大大的、友好的微笑。A.eyes眼睛；B.ears耳朵；C.nose鼻子；D.mouth嘴巴。根據(jù)后文“openedwithabig,friendlysmile”可知張開嘴巴可以露出微笑。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他長得那么和善，我們認(rèn)為可以信任他。A.miss錯過；B.remember記得；C.trust信任；D.call打電話。根據(jù)上文“Hehadsuchakindface”可知，作者認(rèn)為陌生人和善，可以信任。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我們離開之前，他在汽車的擋風(fēng)玻璃上貼了一張紙條，上面寫著他的電話號碼。A.flag旗子；B.scarf圍巾；C.note紙條；D.rope繩子。根據(jù)后文“onthewindshieldofthecarwithhisphonenumberonit”可知，能寫電話號碼的應(yīng)該是紙條。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他的堂兄會說基本的法語，并請我們喝茶和吃當(dāng)?shù)氐氖澄?。A.lent借給；B.sent發(fā)送；C.took帶走；D.offered提供。根據(jù)后文“usteaandlocalfood”指堂兄給作者他們提供了食物和茶水，故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后大家都堅持要我們留下來吃晚飯。A.insisted堅持；B.refused拒絕；C.explained解釋；D.understood理解。根據(jù)后文“westayfordinner.”指堅持要他們留下來吃晚飯，應(yīng)用insist，后跟省略that的賓語從句，謂語為should+動詞原形，should可以省略。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們問我們問題，很高興有意外來客。A.home家；B.gift禮物；C.guests客人；D.meals餐飯。根據(jù)上文可知當(dāng)?shù)厝藷崆檎写俗髡咚麄?，即把他們看做客人，故選C。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們感謝那些幫助我們的人，我簡直不敢相信表兄的回答:“不，我們感謝你來我們家?！盇.met遇見；B.thanked感謝；C.pointed指向；D.found找到。根據(jù)后文“thepeoplewhohelpedus”別人幫助了他們，所以是感謝對方。故選B。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們感謝那些幫助我們的人，我簡直不敢相信表兄的回答：“不，我們感謝你來我們家?！盇.reply回答；B.question問題；C.mark標(biāo)志；D.result結(jié)果。后文“fromthecousin:“No,wethankyouforcomingintoourhome.””是堂兄對他們感謝的回答，故選A。Ⅲ.閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從各小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出一個最佳選項(xiàng)。AYouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?JaneAddams(1860～1935)AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunitybycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.RachelCarson(1907～1964)Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld’slakesandoceans.SandraDayO’Connor(1930～present)WhenSandraDayO’ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator(參議員)andin1981,thefirstwomantojointheU.S.SupremeCourt(最高法院).O’Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.RosaParks(1913～2005)OnDecember1,1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RasaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoawhitepassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott(抵制).Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,”saidParks.31.Howmanygreatwomenarementionedinthepassage?A.3. B.4. C.5. D.6.32.WhobecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize?A.JaneAddams. B.RachelCarson.C.SandraDayO’Connor. D.RosaParks.33.WhendidthebookSilentSpringcomeout?A.In1931. B.In1952. C.In1955. D.In1962.34.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutRosaParksistrue?A.Shefoughtforprotectingtheenvironment.B.Shestudiedlawandbecameasenator.C.Sheinventedalotofgreatinventions.D.Shehadastrongwillandnevergavein.35.Whichpartofamagazinedoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?A.Language. B.Health. C.Society. D.Culture.【答案】31.B32.A33.D34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四位杰出且對社會具有影響力的女性?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“JaneAddams(1860～1935)”、“RachelCarson(1907～1964)”、“SandraDayO’Connor(1930～present)”和“RosaParks(1913～2005)”可知，文章提到了四位偉大的女性。故選B?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JaneAddams(1860～1935)部分的“In1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.(1931年，亞當(dāng)斯成為第一位獲得諾貝爾和平獎的美國女性。)”可知，JaneAddams成為第一位獲得諾貝爾和平獎的美國女性。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RachelCarson部分的“Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld’slakesandoceans.(她1962年出版的暢銷書《寂靜的春天》讓人們意識到污染的危險，以及化學(xué)物質(zhì)對人類和世界湖泊和海洋的有害影響。)”可知，《寂靜的春天》這本書出版于1962年。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“OnDecember1,1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RasaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoawhitepassenger.(1955年12月1日，在阿拉巴馬州的蒙哥馬利，拉莎·帕克斯不愿在公交車上給一位白人乘客讓座。)”和“ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott(抵制).Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,”saidParks.(但這也引發(fā)了蒙哥馬利的公共汽車抵制運(yùn)動。它持續(xù)了一年多，并拉開了民權(quán)運(yùn)動的序幕。帕克斯說：“我唯一感到疲倦的是，我厭倦了屈服?！?”可知，她意志堅強(qiáng)，從不屈服。故選D。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了四位杰出且對社會具有影響力的女性。JaneAddams開創(chuàng)了社會工作；SandraDayO’Connor成為第一個參加美國最高法院的女性，為美國的女權(quán)運(yùn)動做出了貢獻(xiàn)；RosaParks不屈服于種族歧視，才引起美國的民權(quán)運(yùn)動。RachelCarson喚醒了人們的環(huán)保意識。由此可推知，文章最有可能出自雜志的社會板塊。故選C。BWhathappenstoawoodenpencilafteryouwearitdowntoastub(鉛筆頭)?Itusuallygetsthrownawaydirectly.Everyyear,15billionwoodenpencilsaremade.Thatmeansalotofpencilstubsarethrownaway.SproutWorld,acompanyinDenmark,wantstocutdownonthiswaste.Itmakespencilsthatcangrowintovegetablesorhouseplants.“Adyingproductisnowgivinglifetoanewproduct,”saysMichaelStausholm,thebossofthecompany.SproutWorld’spencilshaveatinyboxwiththem.Theboxisfilledwithseeds(種子).Afteryouweardownthepencil,youplantthestubinthefield.Inafewweeks,theboxwilldisappearandtheseedswillgrowintoplants.Stausholmdevelopedthisproductin2012withagroupofuniversitystudents.Atfirst,hesoldhispencilsonlyinDenmark,hishomecountry.Tohissurprise,injustafewmonths,70,000pencilsweresold.By2014,StausholmhadsoldamillionpencilsacrossEurope.SproutWorldnowsellsabout450,000pencilseverymonth.NowStausholmisdevelopingsomenewproducts,suchas“plantable”greetingcards.“Weknowwecan’tsavetheplanetjustwithourproducts,”hesays.“Butatleast,wecanencouragepeopletolookforreusableproductstocreatelesswaste.”36.Whydoesthewriterstartthepassagewithaquestion?A.Toshowheisworried. B.Todrawreaders’attention.C.Todoasurvey. D.Togetacorrectanswer.37.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“adyingproduct”referto?A.Adyingvegetable. B.Adryhouseplant.C.Astub. D.Atinybox.38.Inthefourthparagraphthewritershowsthepopularityofspecialpencilby________.A.tellingastory B.explainingthereasonC.listingnumbers D.givingdefinitions39.WhydoesStausholmdevelopmorenewproducts?A.Tomakemoremoney. B.Tohavemorefans.C.Tosavetheplanet. D.Tocreatenewart.40.What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.Aspecialbusinessman B.AnewplantingwayC.SproutWorld’spencils D.Seedsinthebox【答案】36.B37.C38.C39.C40.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述的是丹麥一家公司為了減少鉛筆頭的浪費(fèi)，發(fā)明了新鉛筆。在鉛筆上有個盒子裝著種子，可以長出蔬菜和植物，這種鉛筆非常受歡迎?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whathappenstoawoodenpencilafteryouwearitdowntoastub(鉛筆頭)?Itusuallygetsthrownawaydirectly.Everyyear,15billionwoodenpencilsaremade.Thatmeansalotofpencilstubsarethrownaway.(當(dāng)你把一支木制鉛筆磨成一根鉛筆頭后，會發(fā)生什么？它通常會被直接扔掉。每年生產(chǎn)150億支木制鉛筆。這意味著很多筆頭都被扔掉了。)”和文章第二段“SproutWorld,acompanyinDenmark,wantstocutdownonthiswaste.Itmakespencilsthatcangrowintovegetablesorhouseplants.(丹麥SproutWorld公司想要減少這種浪費(fèi)。它生產(chǎn)的鉛筆可以長成蔬菜或室內(nèi)植物。)”可知，作者以一個問題開始文章是為了吸引讀者的注意力，引出文章的主題。故選B?！?7題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whathappenstoawoodenpencilafteryouwearitdowntoastub(鉛筆頭)?Itusuallygetsthrownawaydirectly.Everyyear,15billionwoodenpencilsaremade.Thatmeansalotofpencilstubsarethrownaway.(當(dāng)你把一支木制鉛筆磨成一根鉛筆頭后，會發(fā)生什么？它通常會被直接扔掉。每年生產(chǎn)150億支木制鉛筆。這意味著很多筆頭都被扔掉了。)”可知，Adyingproduct指代的是上文中提到的“鉛筆頭”。故選C?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Stausholmdevelopedthisproductin2012withagroupofuniversitystudents.Atfirst,hesoldhispencilsonlyinDenmark,hishomecountry.Tohissurprise,injustafewmonths,70,000pencilsweresold.By2014,StausholmhadsoldamillionpencilsacrossEurope.SproutWorldnowsellsabout450,000pencilseverymonth.(2012年，Stausholm和一群大學(xué)生一起開發(fā)了這款產(chǎn)品。起初，他只在自己的祖國丹麥銷售鉛筆。令他驚訝的是，短短幾個月就賣出了7萬支鉛筆。到2014年，Stausholm已經(jīng)在歐洲銷售了100萬支鉛筆。SproutWorld現(xiàn)在每月銷售約45萬支鉛筆。)”可推知，作者通過列舉數(shù)字來說明這種特殊鉛筆的受歡迎程度。故選C?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“NowStausholmisdevelopingsomenewproducts,suchas“plantable”greetingcards.“Weknowwecan’tsavetheplanetjustwithourproducts,”hesays.(現(xiàn)在，Stausholm正在開發(fā)一些新產(chǎn)品，比如“可種植”賀卡。他說:“我們知道，單靠我們的產(chǎn)品是無法拯救地球的。”)”可推知，Stausholm研發(fā)更多新產(chǎn)品是為了拯救地球。故選C?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“SproutWorld,acompanyinDenmark,wantstocutdownonthiswaste.Itmakespencilsthatcangrowintovegetablesorhouseplants.“Adyingproductisnowgivinglifetoanewproduct,”saysMichaelStausholm,thebossofthecompany.(丹麥的SproutWorld公司想要減少這種浪費(fèi)。它生產(chǎn)的鉛筆可以長成蔬菜或室內(nèi)植物。該公司的老板MichaelStausholm說:“一個垂死的產(chǎn)品正在給一個新產(chǎn)品帶來生命?！?”可知，本文主要介紹了文章主要講述的是丹麥一家公司為了減少鉛筆頭的浪費(fèi)，發(fā)明了新鉛筆。由此可知，C項(xiàng)：SproutWorld’spencils(SproutWorld的鉛筆)是最好的標(biāo)題。故選C。

CIt’sbeenwelloverayearsinceCOVID-19firstappeared.Althoughtheviruscontinuestobeaprobleminmanypartsoftheworld,thingsarestartingtoturnbackinourfavorwiththehelpofvaccines(疫苗).VaccinedevelopmentstartedinFebruary2020,whenitbecamecleartoscientiststhatasolutiontothepandemicwouldneedaglobalefforttovaccinateasmanypeopleaspossible.Ofcourse,thiswouldtakegreateffort,sincevaccinestypicallytakeyearstodevelop.However,COVID-19neededfasterdevelopment.ThefirstCOVIDvaccine—thePfizervaccine—wasapprovedbyUKhealthauthoritiesonDee2,2020.However,thesevaccinesmustbestoredatverylowtemperatures,whichisnotpossibleeverywhere.Inresponse,ChinesecompanieslikeSinopharmandSinovachavedevelopedvaccinesusingdeadvirusesinsteadofspikeproteins.Thesevaccinescanbekeptatregulartemperatures.Asitstandsnowvaccinesarebeingrolledoutallovertheworld,withmillionsofpeoplebeingvaccinatedeveryday.InChina,asofMay4,285millionvaccinedoses(劑量)hadbeengivensofar.Meanwhile,theUShasgivenout247milliondoses,accordingtoOurWorldInData.TheUKnowstandsat50milliondoses.Althoughtherehavebeenrumorsaboutvaccinesbeingunsafe,themajorityofpeopleseemtorealizetheimportanceofvaccinationforbuildingmassimmunity(大規(guī)模免疫)inordertostopthevirusfromspreading.ZhangWenhong,China’sleadingexpertoninfectiousdiseases,saidit’sgoodthattheworldhascometounderstandthatthevaccineswillprotectus.Zhangaddedthathumanbeingsbelongtoonefamily.Vaccinesareakindofmedicinethatweallmustshareinordertostaysafeandhealthy.41.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whichisstillaproblemallovertheworld?A.Thevirus. B.Thehunger. C.Vaccines. D.Temperature.42.WhatisthefirstCOVIDvaccine?A.Pfizervaccine. B.Sinopharm. C.Sinovac. D.Spikeproteins.43What’sthemainideaofthefourthparagraph?A.Vaccinestakemanyyearstodevelop.B.COVID-19appearedinmanypartsoftheworld.C.Vaccinesarewidelyusedallovertheworld.D.Differentwaystostorevaccinesatregulartemperatures.44.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rumors”mean?A.證據(jù) B.研究 C.謠言 D.憧憬45.FromwhatZhangWenhongsaid,weknow________.A.theviruswilldisappearsoonB.thepatientsallcomefromonefamilyC.weshouldworktogethertofightagainstthevirusD.weknowwheretheviruscomefromveryclearly【答案】41.A42.A43.D44.C45.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了自新冠病毒肺炎爆發(fā)以來，為解決這一流行病全球努力研發(fā)新冠疫苗，以確保人類的安全和健康，并介紹了中國疫苗的特點(diǎn)和專家的觀點(diǎn)。【41題詳解】根據(jù)文章第一段“Althoughtheviruscontinuestobeaprobleminmanypartsoftheworld,thingsarestartingtoturnbackinourfavorwiththehelpofvaccines(疫苗).(盡管這種病毒在世界上許多地方仍然是一個問題，但在疫苗的幫助下，情況開始向?qū)ξ覀冇欣姆较虬l(fā)展。)”可知，新冠病毒仍然是世界上許多地方的一個問題。故選A?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ThefirstCOVIDvaccine—thePfizervaccine—wasapprovedbyUKhealthauthoritiesonDee2,2020.(首個新冠疫苗——輝瑞疫苗——于2020年5月2日獲得英國衛(wèi)生當(dāng)局批準(zhǔn)。)”可知，第一個新冠疫苗是輝瑞疫苗。故選A?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Asitstandsnow,vaccinesarebeingrolledoutallovertheworld,withmillionsofpeoplebeingvaccinatedeveryday.(目前，疫苗正在世界各地推廣，每天有數(shù)百萬人接種疫苗。)”可知，第四段主要講述了疫苗在世界各地被廣泛使用。故選D?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文“themajorityofpeopleseemtorealizetheimportanceofvaccinationforbuildingmassimmunity(大規(guī)模免疫)inordertostopthevirusfromspreading.(大多數(shù)人似乎意識到接種疫苗對建立大眾免疫力以阻止病毒傳播的重要性。)”可知，劃線詞所在的句子和下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，意為“雖然有傳言說疫苗不安全”，rumor意為“傳言，謠言”。故選C。【45題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Zhangaddedthathumanbeingsbelongtoonefamily.Vaccinesareakindofmedicinethatweallmustshareinordertostaysafeandhealthy.(張補(bǔ)充說，人類屬于一個家庭。為了保持安全和健康，疫苗是一種我們都必須分享的藥物。)”可知，從張文宏的話中，我們知道我們應(yīng)該共同努力抗擊病毒。故選C。D閱讀下面短文，并用英語回答問題（請注意每小題后面的詞數(shù)要求）。LukeMickelsonwasahighschoolfootballcoach.Hecoachedhiskids’sportsteams.Butwhenhemetchildrenwhoweresleepingonthefloor,hedecidedtobuildandofferabedtochildreninneed.“Thislittlegirlhadanest(窩)ofclothes;itlookedlikealittlebird’snest.Andthat’swhatherbedwas,”Mickelsonsaid.“Whenwegaveherthebed,shehuggeditandjustcouldn’tletgo.”Surprisedtodiscoverhowwidespreadthisneedwasinhiscommunity,MickelsonfoundedSleepinHeavenlyPeacein2012,anorganization(組織)thatoffersbedstochildreninneed.Theorganizationhasofferedmorethan1,500freebeds.Butalongwithitsrapidgrowth,Mickelsonwasfacedwithahardchoice:keepinghisjoborhisorganization.Hechosetoleavehishigh-payingjobandranhisorganization.“IleftmyjobofeighteenyearsbecauseIwantedtodothisfull-time,becauseIknewtheneedwasbig.IfoundtheneedIhaveisn’taboutmoney,”hesaid.“TheneedIhaveisseeingthehappinessonkids’facesandmakingadifference.”46.WhendidMickelsondecidetobuildandofferabedtochildreninneed?(不超過10個詞)__________________________________________________________________________________________47.把畫橫線的句子翻譯成漢語。__________________________________________________________________________________________48.WhatisSleepinHeavenlyPeace?(不超過10個詞)__________________________________________________________________________________________49.WhatdidMickelsonfinallychoosetodo？(不超過10個詞)__________________________________________________________________________________________50.WhatneeddoesMickelsonhave?(不超過10個詞)__________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】46.Whenhemetchildrenwhoweresleepingonthefloor.47.當(dāng)我們把床給她的時候，她緊緊地抱著床不肯放手。48.Anorganizationthatoffersbedstochildreninneed.49.Toleavehishigh-payingjobandranhisorganization.50.Seeingthehappinessonkids'facesandmakingadifference.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。LukeMickelson是高中足球教練，當(dāng)他見到那些睡在地上的孩子后，他放棄了自己高薪的工作，成立了一個組織，為那些有需要的孩子提供床?！?6題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段“Butwhenhemetchildrenwhoweresleepingonthefloor,hedecidedtobuildandofferabedtochildreninneed.(但當(dāng)他遇到睡在地板上的孩子時，他決定為有需要的孩子建造一張床)”可知，當(dāng)他遇到睡在地板上的孩子時，米克爾森決定為有需要的孩子建造并提供一張床。故答案為Whenhemetchildrenwhoweresleepingonthefloor.【47題詳解】考查句意猜測。劃線句“Whenwegaveherthebed,shehuggeditandjustcouldn’tletgo.”中when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，Whenwegaveherthebed表示“當(dāng)我們把床給她的時候”；shehuggeditandjustcouldn’tletgo.表示“她緊緊地抱著床不肯放手”。故答案為：當(dāng)我們把床給她的時候，她緊緊地抱著床不肯放手?！?8題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段“Surprisedtodiscoverhowwidespreadthisneedwasinhiscommunity,MickelsonfoundedSleepinHeavenlyPeacei