2025年中考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)：短文填空（首字母自由填空選詞雜糅）（講練）（解析版）

專題16短文填空

（首字母，選詞填空，自由填詞，雜糅）

短文填空是中考英語(yǔ)試卷最難題目之一，它的分值是10-15分，分為10個(gè)小題。短文填空一般在一篇200?250

字左右的故事性短文中挖出10個(gè)空，要求學(xué)生通讀短文，并根據(jù)上下文來(lái)補(bǔ)全短文，每空只能填一個(gè)單詞。主

要考九大詞類（名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞、連詞、冠詞）。

該題旨在測(cè)試考生的英語(yǔ)閱讀理解能力和簡(jiǎn)單的書(shū)面表達(dá)能力，看其是否能夠運(yùn)用所學(xué)過(guò)的英語(yǔ)知識(shí)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)

單的書(shū)面交流，從而達(dá)到既考查學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，又考查他們的觀察能力、聯(lián)想能力以及對(duì)語(yǔ)言的綜合運(yùn)用

能力。為了答好短文填空題目，我們要打好基礎(chǔ)關(guān)。這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)關(guān)既包括1600個(gè)單詞，300多個(gè)短語(yǔ)以及一部分

常用句型和習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)的意思和用法，也包括各種詞的詞形變化。

?真題研析-規(guī)律探尋

考向1短文填空之選詞填空

（2023?廣東）

請(qǐng)從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使文章完整連貫。注意每空一詞，每詞僅用一次，有兩詞為多余

項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答題位置上。

iteitherbebecausewhatelsebyinventcleanpopularhabithundred

Thereisasmallthingweuseeveryday.Weusuallyput1inthebathroom.Withoutit,wemighthave

toothproblems.Canyouguess2itis?Yes,ifsthetoothbrush.Butdoyouknowanythingaboutitshistory?

Accordingtosomeresearch,beforetoothbrushesappeared,theancientChinesepeople3theirteethwith

somesmalltreebranches（樹(shù)枝）.About800yearsago,peoplemadeakindofbrusheswithpighairandbamboo.It

might4theworld'searliestformoftoothbrushes.Astimewent5,theformsoftoothbrusheschanged.

Forexample,peoplechosehorse-tailhairinsteadofpighair6pighairwastoohard.Imaginethatyoutravel

backto7ofyearsagoandbrushyourteethcomfortably.Itsoundsfantastic,doesn'tit?

Aroundthe15thcentury,theChinesetoothbrushfounditswayintoEurope.Itbecame8amonglocal

peoplesoon.The9oftoothbrusheswasnotasfamousasthatofpaper-making,butitwasveryusefulindaily

life.Todaywehaveagood10ofbrushingteeth.WeshouldthanktheancientChineseforit.

【答案】1.it2.what3.cleaned4.be5.by6.because

7.hundreds8.popular9.invention10.habit

【解析】本文介紹了牙刷的歷史和功能。

1.句意：我們通常把它放在浴室里。指代前文“asmallthing”，需用代詞it。故填it。

2.句意：你能猜出它是什么嗎？根據(jù)“Canyouguess...itis?”可知是詢問(wèn)猜出它是什么。what“什么"。故填what。

3.句意：根據(jù)一些研究，在牙刷出現(xiàn)之前，中國(guó)古人用一些小樹(shù)枝清潔牙齒。根據(jù)"beforetoothbrushesappeared,the

ancientChinesepeople...theirteeth...”可知沒(méi)有牙刷,古人會(huì)用樹(shù)枝清潔牙齒。cleantheteeth表示“清理牙齒”；句

子是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞需用過(guò)去式。故填cleaned。

4.句意：這可能是世界上最早的牙刷。此處是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞might后跟be動(dòng)詞原形。故填be。

5.句意：隨著時(shí)間的推移，牙刷的形狀也發(fā)生了變化。Astimewentby“隨著時(shí)間的流逝”。故填by。

6.句意：例如，人們選擇馬尾毛而不是豬毛，因?yàn)樨i毛太硬了。前后句之間是因果關(guān)系，前果后因，用because

表示“因?yàn)楣侍頱ecause。

7.句意：想象一下，你回到幾百年前，舒舒服服地刷牙。根據(jù)“About800yearsago”可知此處是hundredsof短語(yǔ)，

表示“數(shù)以百計(jì)的故填hundreds。

8.句意：它開(kāi)始流行起來(lái)。根據(jù)"Itbecame...amonglocalpeoplesoon.”可知空處需填入形容詞作表語(yǔ)，popular”受歡

迎的”符合語(yǔ)境。故填popular。

9.句意：牙刷的發(fā)明不像造紙術(shù)那樣出名，但在日常生活中非常有用。根據(jù)“The...oftoothbrushes”可知是指牙刷

的發(fā)明。invention"發(fā)明"。故填invention。

10.句意：今天我們養(yǎng)成了刷牙的好習(xí)慣。根據(jù)"Todaywehaveagood…ofbrushingteeth.”可知刷牙是好習(xí)慣。have

agoodhabitof'有一個(gè)...好習(xí)慣故填habito

核心提煉-考向探究

選詞填空是指把一篇文章的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)挖空，詞序打亂，讓學(xué)生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇正確的詞語(yǔ)填空。此類題型

主要是要求學(xué)生在正確理解和把握文章的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)分析行文線索來(lái)填寫(xiě)空缺單詞，補(bǔ)全短文。

STEP1詳讀選項(xiàng)，詞分類

文章選項(xiàng)中的10個(gè)詞是考查的關(guān)鍵，考生應(yīng)該詳細(xì)的理解這10個(gè)單詞。熟悉的單詞標(biāo)明詞性和詞義，不熟

悉的單詞或者不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞只需標(biāo)明詞性，然后根據(jù)名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞四大類按規(guī)律排列在試卷上。

這樣就縮小了選擇的范圍，降低了試題的難度。

STEP2略讀全文，定中心

考生拿到題目以后，由于考查考生對(duì)篇章的理解，應(yīng)該略讀整篇文章，確定文章的中心或主要說(shuō)明的問(wèn)題。

要抓住文章首句，迅速找到文章的主題詞或主題。和完型填空一樣，一般文章第一句不設(shè)空格，以便讓考生知

道本文的相關(guān)主題詞或主題。在此，建議大家使用略讀的方法，以快速掌握文章大意。

STEP3瞻前顧后，靈活選

詞性分類之后，回到原文中，根據(jù)原文中空格的前后單詞或者前后語(yǔ)句確定所要填的詞性，然后從分類好

的單詞中選擇出詞性、意思、語(yǔ)法都符合要求的最佳選項(xiàng)。首先，根據(jù)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)確認(rèn)可以被填入此空的詞性，

然后按第一步中標(biāo)注出的詞性進(jìn)行篩選，最后將備選詞逐個(gè)代入空中細(xì)讀句意，考慮上下問(wèn)邏輯關(guān)系做出選擇。

STEP4復(fù)核檢查，定結(jié)果

篇章詞匯理解題目類似于完型填空，這需要考生不僅要迅速的確定答案，還要在確定答案之后迅速的復(fù)查。

檢查上下文是否通順、上下文的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確、文章的意思是否出現(xiàn)偏差等等，復(fù)查無(wú)誤后即可確定為最

后答案。

?題型特訓(xùn)?命題預(yù)測(cè)

考向1短文填空之選詞填空

Passage1

（2024?廣東佛山?一模）

請(qǐng)用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成下面的短文，并把所缺單詞填寫(xiě)在答題卡指定的位置上。每個(gè)空只能填寫(xiě)一個(gè)形式正確、意義

相符的單詞。

liveespeciallyfallchangeforbuildhometownheimpossibledangerouswalkstill

Inthemorning,WangXinrideshisnewbiketoschool.Thisyear,WangXin'sparentsboughtab汰e]him.

WangXinnow2inasmallvillageinthemountains.Lifeusedtobeveryhardforhimand3

family.Themainroadwassteep（陡由肖的）andhadmany"Z"shapeturnings.Soitwasvery4todriveorride

bikesonthisroad.Allotherroadsinthevillagewerefilledwithstones.Manypeopleeasilyfelldownbecauseofthese

stonesandhurtthemselves,5atnight.ForlittlekidslikeWangXin,theyhadto6toschooleveryday

foratleasttwoandahalfhours.Recently,great7havetakenplaceinthisvillage.Thankstothelocal

government,thenewroadswere8.Sincealloftheroadsnowarewideandsmooth,WangXinandotherkids

nowcanridetheirbikestoschool.Itonlytakesthemhalfanhourtogettoschool,whichis9forstudentsinthe

past.

“Ourvillageisbecomingmoreandmorebeautifulnow.Iwanttogotocollegetolearnmoreknowledgeandmakea

contribution（貢獻(xiàn)）tomy10"WangXinsaid."Weareallreallythankfultoourgreatgovemment.^^

【答案】Lfor2.lives3.his4.dangerous5.especially6.walk7.changes8.built

9.impossible10.hometown

【解析】本文主要介紹了王欣的村莊近些年的變化。

1.句意：今年，王欣的父母給他買了一輛自行車。根據(jù)"boughtab汰e”可知，buysthforsb"為某人買某物”。故

填fbr。

2.句意：王欣現(xiàn)在住在山里的一個(gè)小村莊里。根據(jù)"WangXinnow...inasmallvillageinthemountains.”可知，此

處說(shuō)的是王欣的居住地；本句時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞live“居住”要用單三形式。故填liveso

3.句意:對(duì)他和他的家人來(lái)說(shuō)，過(guò)去的生活非常艱難。根據(jù)"himand…family”可知，此處指“他和他的家人”，應(yīng)

用he的形容詞性物主代詞形式his修飾名詞。故填hiso

4.句意:所以在這條路上開(kāi)車或騎自行車是非常危險(xiǎn)的。根據(jù)“Themainroadwassteepandhadmany"Z9shape

turnings.”可知，在陡峭的路上騎車很危險(xiǎn)，dangerous"危險(xiǎn)的"，符合語(yǔ)境。故填dangerous。

5.句意：許多人很容易因?yàn)檫@些石頭摔倒而受傷，尤其是在晚上。根據(jù)“Manypeopleeasilyfelldownbecauseof

thesestonesandhurtthemselves”可知，夜晚出行尤其危險(xiǎn)，especially”特別，尤其“，符合語(yǔ)境。故填especiallyo

6.句意：對(duì)于像王欣這樣的孩子來(lái)說(shuō)，他們每天至少要走兩個(gè)半小時(shí)的路去上學(xué)。根據(jù)“driveorridebikesonthis

road”可知，他們不能騎車或開(kāi)車上學(xué)，因此只能步行；walk“步行”，符合語(yǔ)境。故填walk。

7.句意：最近，這個(gè)村子發(fā)生了很大的變化。根據(jù)"havetakenplaceinthisvillage”可知，此處說(shuō)的是村子的變化，

應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞change“變化”的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填changeso

8.句意：多虧了當(dāng)?shù)卣碌牡缆返靡孕藿?。根?jù)“thenewroadswere”可知，此處指“修路"，主語(yǔ)newroads

是動(dòng)作的承受者，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：was/weredone；build“修建”的過(guò)去分詞為built。故填built。

9.句意：到學(xué)校只需要半個(gè)小時(shí)，這對(duì)過(guò)去的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)是不可能的。根據(jù)“foratleasttwoandahalfhours”可知，

半個(gè)小時(shí)就能到學(xué)校，這在以前是不可能的，impossible“不可能的”，符合語(yǔ)境。故填impossible。

10.句意：我想上大學(xué)，學(xué)習(xí)更多的知識(shí)，為家鄉(xiāng)做貢獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)“Ourvillageisbecomingmoreandmorebeautifulnow.

Iwanttogotocollegetolearnmoreknowledgeandmakeacontributionto...”可知,此處指“為家鄉(xiāng)做貢獻(xiàn)”，

hometown"家鄉(xiāng)"，符合語(yǔ)境。故填hometown。

Passage2

（2023?四川成都）短文填空從下面方框中選出10個(gè)單詞，將其正確形式填入短文，使短文意思正確通順（每

詞限用一次）。

actualadvantagechancechilddifficultdifferencefewhearmanypossiblesilence

tell

rmthirsh!

七J

stem,

microphone

microphomc

Doyoubelievearoseplantsays"Iwantsomewater“oratreeshouts“Myarmshurt"?Maybeyouwillsaythis

couldonlyhappeninsome1stories.

Infact,plantsarenotalways2-.Arecentstudyhasfoundplantsshoutwhentheyareinneedofwateror

havingtheirstemscut.ctEveninaquietfield,thereare3somesoundsthatcarryinformation.However,thepitch

（音高）istoohighforpeople4JsaidLilachHadany,aprofessorfromTelAvivUniversity.

Theresearchersusedmicrophonestorecordsometomatoplantsandfoundthatstressedplantssendout5

soundsthanunstressedplants.taWhentomatoesarenotstressedatall,theyareveryquiet,5,ProfessorHadanysaid.They

alsotrainedamachinein6thedifferencesbetweenthirstyplantsandcutplants.Theresultshowsthatwhenthe

causesofstresschange,theyshout7.Aftertheteamrecordedmanykindsofotherplants,theyfoundthatmany

plantslikecom,wheatandgrapeplantssendoutsoundswhentheyareunderstress,too.

“Thereisa8thatalotofcommunicationishappening,ProfessorHadanysaid.""Becauseotherplantscan

probablyhearthecallofthestressedplants.9,

Soundrecordingsofplantscouldbringhumanslotsof9,especiallyinfarming.Forexample,peoplewill

makesurewhethercomisgettingenoughwaterorwherewaterisneededmostwithoutmuch10.

【答案】1.children's2.silent3.actually4.tohear5.more6.telling

7.differently8.possibility9.advantages10.difficulty

【解析】本文是一篇科普類的文章，介紹了植物在承受不同壓力的時(shí)候會(huì)發(fā)出不同的聲音，并且介紹了植物的記

錄在農(nóng)業(yè)方面的好處。

1.句意：也許你會(huì)說(shuō)這只會(huì)發(fā)生在一些兒童故事中。根據(jù)"thiscouldonlyhappeninsome...stories”及備選詞可知，

只會(huì)發(fā)生在一些兒童故事中，要用child的復(fù)數(shù)形式children,且修飾名詞stories,用其名詞所有格形式，故填

children's。

2.句意：事實(shí)上，植物并不總是沉默的。根據(jù)“thereare…somesoundsthatcarryinformation”可知，植物會(huì)發(fā)出一

些聲音來(lái)傳遞信息，所以它們并不是沉默的，silen小沉默的"，故填silent。

3.句意：即使在安靜的田野里，實(shí)際上也有一些攜帶信息的聲音。此空缺少副詞作狀語(yǔ)，備選詞actual的副詞

actually“實(shí)際上”符合，故填actually。

4.句意：然而，音調(diào)太高，人們聽(tīng)不到。根據(jù)“thepitch（音高）istoohighforpeople”及備選詞可知，人們聽(tīng)不到這

些聲音，hear“聽(tīng)"，too…to"太...而不能“，故填tohear。

5.句意：研究人員用麥克風(fēng)記錄了一些番茄植株，發(fā)現(xiàn)受到壓力的植株比沒(méi)有受到壓力的植株發(fā)出更多的聲音。

根據(jù)than可知，此處用比較級(jí)，根據(jù)"Whentomatoesarenotstressedatall,theyareveryquiet”可知，當(dāng)番茄完全沒(méi)

有承受壓力時(shí)，它們會(huì)非常安靜，也就是說(shuō)受到壓力的植株比沒(méi)有受到壓力的植株發(fā)出更多的聲音，many的比

較級(jí)more”更多的"符合，故填more。

6.句意：他們還訓(xùn)練了一臺(tái)機(jī)器來(lái)區(qū)分干渴的植物和被切割的植物。根據(jù)"thedifferencesbetweenthirstyplantsand

cutplants”及備選詞可知，講述干渴的植物和切割的植物之間的區(qū)別，tell”講述"，in是介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞，故填

tellingo

7.句意：研究結(jié)果表明，當(dāng)壓力的原因發(fā)生變化時(shí)，它們產(chǎn)生的效果會(huì)有所不同。根據(jù)“whenthecausesofstress

change,theyshout”以及備選詞可知，壓力原因發(fā)生變化，產(chǎn)生的效果也不同，副詞differently修飾動(dòng)詞shout,故

填differentlyo

8.句意：有一種可能性是大量的交流正在發(fā)生。根據(jù)a可知，此空應(yīng)填名詞，備選詞possible的名詞possibility

符合，表示一種可能性，故填possibility。

9.句意：植物的記錄可以給人類帶來(lái)很多好處，尤其是在農(nóng)業(yè)方面。根據(jù)“peoplewillmakesurewhethercomis

gettingenoughwater...”可知，會(huì)給人們帶來(lái)一些好處，advantage“優(yōu)勢(shì)”，lotsof修飾名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填

advantages。

10.句意：例如，人們可以毫不費(fèi)力地確定玉米是否有足夠的水或者哪里最需要水。根據(jù)前文描述可知，這種記

錄可以給人們帶來(lái)好處,所以此處指毫不費(fèi)力地確定玉米是否有足夠的水或者哪里最需要水,withoutdifficulty"毫

不費(fèi)力地”，故填difficultyo

Passage3

（2024?中山一模）

用方框里面的單詞填空

it,today,become,difference,state,great,through,begin,wide,be

Chinesewritingisoneoftheworld's1.writingsystems.Itismore2.__________inusethan

alphabetic（字母的）writingsystems.Morethanhalfoftheworld'sbooks3.writteninChinese,including

historicalwritingsandnovels,alongwithwritingsongovernmentandlaw.

Atthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguage.Itdatesbackseveralthousandyearstotheuseof

animalbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarved闞）byancientChinesepeople.Someoftheancientsymbolscan

stillbeseenin4.hanzi.

BytheShangDynasty,thesesymbolshad5.awell-developedwritingsystem.Overtheyears,thesystem

developedintodifferentforms,asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically,leadingto

6.dialects（方言）andcharacters.This,however,changedunderEmperorQinshihuangoftheQinDynasty.

EmperorQinshihuangunited（統(tǒng)一）thesevenmajor7.intoonecountrywheretheChinesewriting

system8.todevelopinonedirection.ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinese

peopleandculture.Eventoday,nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak,theycanallstill

communicateinwriting.WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmethodtoconnectChina'spresentwith9.

past.PeopleinmodemtimescanreadtheclassicworkswhichwerewrittenbyChineseinancienttimes.

Today,ChinesewritingsystemisstillanimportantpartofChineseculture.AsChinaplaysagreatroleintheworld,

anincreasingnumberofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciate（欣賞）China'sculture

10.thisamazinglanguage.WrittenChinesespreadsChineseculturewhereveritgoes.

【答】案1.greatest2.widely3.are4.today*s5.become6.different7.states8.began9.itslO.through

Passage4

（2024?遼寧撫順?一模）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，用方框中所給詞的正確形式填空，使短文完整、正確。

themselves,easy,number,if,be,last,and,watch,a,from

IfshardtoimaginelifewithouttheInternet.Howgreatlyithaschangedourlivesinthepast15yearssinceitwas

widelyused.Atthesametime,however,theInternethasalsocausedsometraditionstofellaway（消失）.

E-mailisquickerandcheaper.Gettingahandwrittenletter]afriendhasbecomearare（稀有的）

pleasure.

Whowouldliketopay60yuanfor12songsinaplasticcase2youcanfindmusicintheInternetfor

free?

WhenalmostanyfactcanbefoundwithinsecondsthroughGoogle3Baidu,personalmemorybecomes

lessimportant.TheWebcanrememberitforus.

Whenwasthelasttimeyou4theworldoutofawindow?Whenwasthe5timeyoureada

favoritebookonceagain?Whenwasthelasttimeyousatinthecinemawithyourfamily?Moreandmorepeoplelose

6intheInternet.Theyshowlessinterestandspendlesstimeintheoutsideworld.

You'vespentthepastfewyearstalkingwithyourfriendsonQQ,orreadingabouthisorherQQsquare,someeting

7friendisnolongerasimportantasitoncewas.

HaveyoueverfoundyourselfdoinghomeworkwithoneeyeonaQQSpacewindow?Agrowing8of

peoplesaytheInternetisstoppingyoungpeoplefromfixingtheirattentiononanythingforalongtime.

WhenyousurftheInternet,itfeelslikesomethingyou'reenjoyingandnobodyknowsit.Butwhenyourealizejust

howmanypeople9watchingyoureverymove,itmightjustmakeyoumad.Manypeoplehaverealizedtheir

personalinformationcanbefound10intheInterneteventheydon'twantto.

【答案】1.from2.if3.and4.watched5.last6.themselves7.a8.number9.are

10.easily

【解析】本文主要講了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)人們生活的改變。

1.句意:收到朋友的手寫(xiě)信件已經(jīng)成為一種難得的樂(lè)趣。根據(jù)"Gettingahandwrittenletter...afHend”及備選詞可

知，此處指“收到來(lái)自朋友的信”，fi*om“來(lái)自”。故填fh)m。

2.句意：誰(shuí)愿意花60元買一個(gè)塑料盒里的12首歌，如果能免費(fèi)在網(wǎng)上找到音樂(lè)？根據(jù)"youcan行ndmusicinthe

Internetfor及備選詞可知，此處是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，故填if。

3.句意：當(dāng)幾乎任何事實(shí)都可以通過(guò)谷歌和百度在幾秒鐘內(nèi)找到時(shí)，個(gè)人記憶就變得不那么重要了。根據(jù)

“Google...Baidu”可知，此處表并列，結(jié)合備選詞可知，and"和"符合。故填and。

4.句意：你上一次透過(guò)窗戶看世界是什么時(shí)候？根據(jù)"thelasttime”可知，時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式；

根據(jù)"theworldoutofawindow”及備選詞可知，此處指“透過(guò)窗戶看世界"，watch”觀看"，過(guò)去式為watchedo故

填watchedo

5.句意：你上一次重讀一本喜歡的書(shū)是什么時(shí)候？根據(jù)上文“Whenwasthelasttimeyou”及下文"Whenwasthelast

time”可知，此處句式結(jié)構(gòu)一致，所以也是last。故填last。

6.句意：越來(lái)越多的人在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上迷失了自己。根據(jù)"lose”可知，此處考查loseoneself，迷失自我“，people對(duì)應(yīng)

的是themselves。故填themselves。

7.句意：在過(guò)去的幾年里，你和你的朋友在QQ上聊天，或者閱讀他或她的QQ廣場(chǎng)，所以見(jiàn)一個(gè)朋友不再像

以前那么重要了。根據(jù)“someeting…friendisnolongerasimportantasitoncewas”可知，此處表泛指，用不定冠詞，

friend輔音音素開(kāi)頭，所以填不定冠詞a。故填a。

8.句意：越來(lái)越多的人說(shuō)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)阻止了年輕人長(zhǎng)時(shí)間專注于任何事情。根據(jù)"Agrowing…ofpeople”及備選詞可

知，止匕處考查anumberof，許多”，故填number。

9.句意：但當(dāng)你意識(shí)到有多少人在看著你的一舉一動(dòng)時(shí)，這可能會(huì)讓你發(fā)瘋。根據(jù)"Butwhenyourealizejusthow

manypeople...watchingyoureverymove”可知，此處是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，缺be動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)為"people”,所以be動(dòng)詞為

are。故填are。

10.句意：許多人已經(jīng)意識(shí)到他們的個(gè)人信息可以很容易地在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上找到，即使他們不愿意。根據(jù)"canbefound”

及備選詞可知，此處指“輕易被發(fā)現(xiàn)“，easy副詞形式easily“容易地”修飾動(dòng)詞"found”。故填easily。

Passage5

（2023?山東泰安）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，用方框中所給詞的正確形式填空，使短文完整、正確。

improve,solve,unusual,why,read,expression,good,from,enough,might

ChatGPTisanAIsystem（系統(tǒng)）thatcanhaveadiscussionandcreatewrittenwork.Itcancreatematerialbasedon

whatithaslearned36digitalbooksandonlinenaissance.NowthreehighschoolstudentsinCyprushave

developedan37robotwiththehelpoftheirteachers.ItisspecialasitusesChatGPTAItechnology.

TherobotisnamedAlnstein.Itisthesizeofasmalladultandevenhasascreenforafacethatappearstoshow

humanfhcial（面部）38.ItspeaksaNorthAmericanformofEnglish.Anditcantelljokes,like"39

wasthemathbooksad?Becauseithadtoomanyproblems.,5Therobotenjoys40sciencebooksandspending

timeplayingtheviolin.

ThecreatorsofAlnsteinwanttousethetechnologyto41learningexperiencesintheclassroom.Infact,

there42beaplaceforrobotsineducationafterall.BritisheducationexpertAnthonySeldonpredictsthat

robotswilltakeovertheclassroomin2027andteacherswillworkastheirhelpers.

Onethingiscertain,though.Arobotteacheris43thannoteacheratall.Insomepartsoftheworld,there

aren't44teachersand9——16percentofchildrenundertheageof14don'tgotoschool.Thatproblemcouldbe

partly45byrobots,becausetheycanteachanywhereandwon'tgetstressed,ortired,ormovesomewherefor

aneasier,higher-paidjob.

【答案】36.fi*om37unusual38.expressions39.Why40.reading41.improve

42.might43.better44.enough45.solved

【解析】本文主要介紹了塞浦路斯的三名高中生在老師的幫助下發(fā)明了一種不同尋常的機(jī)器人，它使用了

ChatGPT人工智能技術(shù)。

36.句意：它可以根據(jù)從數(shù)字書(shū)籍和在線誕生中學(xué)到的東西來(lái)創(chuàng)作材料。根據(jù)“whatithaslearned...digitalbooksand

onlinenaissance.”結(jié)合選詞可知是指從中學(xué)習(xí)來(lái)創(chuàng)作材料，learn從...學(xué)習(xí)"，故填fromo

37.句意：現(xiàn)在，塞浦路斯的三名高中生在老師的幫助下發(fā)明了一種不同尋常的機(jī)器人。此空應(yīng)填形容詞作定語(yǔ),

且以元音音素開(kāi)頭，結(jié)合“Itisspecial”可知unusual“不同尋常的"符合語(yǔ)境，故填unusualo

38.句意：它的大小相當(dāng)于一個(gè)小成人，甚至還有一個(gè)屏幕，可以顯示人類的面部表情。根據(jù)“afacethatappearsto

showhumanfacial（面部）”可知此處是指面部表情，應(yīng)用expression”表情”,此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)表示泛指，故填expressionso

39.句意：為什么數(shù)學(xué)書(shū)是悲傷的？根據(jù)“Becauseithadtoomanyproblems”可知是問(wèn)原因，應(yīng)用why,故填Why。

40.句意：機(jī)器人喜歡閱讀科學(xué)書(shū)籍和拉小提琴。enjoydoingsth“喜歡做某事”，此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，結(jié)合選

詞可知reading“閱讀"符合語(yǔ)境，故填readingo

41.句意：“愛(ài)因斯坦”的發(fā)明者希望利用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)改善課堂上的學(xué)習(xí)體驗(yàn)。此空位于動(dòng)詞不定式后，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原

形，結(jié)合選詞可知是指改善課堂上的學(xué)習(xí)體驗(yàn)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞improve“改善”，故填improve。

42.句意：事實(shí)上，機(jī)器人終究有可能在教育領(lǐng)域占有一席之地。根據(jù)“Infact,there...beaplaceforrobotsineducation

afterall”結(jié)合選詞可知是指機(jī)器人有可能在教育領(lǐng)域占有一席之地，應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞migh儼可能”，故填mighto

43.句意：機(jī)器人老師總比沒(méi)有老師好。根據(jù)“than”可知應(yīng)該用形容詞比較級(jí)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境和選詞可知good的比較

級(jí)better符合,故填bettero

44.句意：在世界上的一些地方，沒(méi)有足夠的教師，9—16%的14歲以下兒童沒(méi)有上學(xué)。根據(jù)“Insomepartsofthe

world,therearen't...teachers”可知是指沒(méi)有足夠的教師，應(yīng)用enough“足夠的"，故填enough。

45.句意：機(jī)器人可以在一定程度上解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢栽谌魏蔚胤浇虝?shū)，不會(huì)感到壓力或疲勞，也不

會(huì)為了一份更容易、薪水更高的工作而搬到其他地方。根據(jù)“Thatproblemcouldbepartly...byrobots,”可知是指解

決問(wèn)題，應(yīng)用solve表示“解決”，此處是含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去分詞，故填solved。

Passage6

詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用，有兩個(gè)詞為多余項(xiàng)

by,take,quick,exciting,return,without,he,rule,which,result,achieve,different

Asafamouspianomaster,Paderewskiwasadmiredbymanypeople.Wishingtomakeprogressonthepiano,one

day,aboy1.toaPaderewski'sconcertbyhismother.Aftertheywereseated,themothersawafriendand

walkeduptogreether,leavingtheboyalonein2.seat.

Catchingthechancetoexplorethewondersoftheconcerthall,thelittleboystoodupandfinallymadehisway

throughadoor3.wasmarked“NoAdmittance（進(jìn)入）Soon,thehallgotdarkandtheconcertwasaboutto

begin.Whenthemother4.toherseat,shediscoveredthatthechildwasmissing.

Suddenly,thelightsfocusedonthepianoonthestage.Insurprise,themotherfoundherlittleboysittingatthe

piano.5.knowingwherehewas,theboywaspickingoutTwinkle,Twinkle,LittleStar.

Atthatmoment,thegreatpianomasterappeared,movedtothepiano6.,andwhispered（耳語(yǔ)）intheboy's

ear,"Don'tstop.Keepplaying."Thenhesatdownandaddedarunningobbligato（伴奏）.Together,theoldmasterandthe

youngbeginnerchangedanembarrassingsituationintoawonderfullycreativeexperience.Itbecameoneofthe7.

partsofthewholeconcertthatevening.Thepeopleweretouchedsomuchbythemasterandthemotherwasshocked.

Shebelievedthatsuchanexperiencewouldmakeabig8.toherboy'slife.

Infact,thafsthewayitisinlife.Whatwecandoonourownishardlyunusual.Wetriedourbest,butthe

9.aren'texactlysmoothmusiclikewhatwehaveexpected.Butwhenwetrustinthehandsofagreaterpower,

ourlife*sworkcanbetrulybeautiful.

Nexttimeyousetout10.greatworks,listencarefully.Youcanhearthevoiceofthemaster,whispering

inyourear,"Don'tstop.Keepplaying.^^

【答案】1.wastaken2.his3.which4.returned5.Without6.quickly7.mostexciting8.difference9.results

10.toachieve

Passage7

用方框內(nèi)單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

go,stop,beer,on,and,slow,frighten,another,minute,where,tum,if

Onedayastrongcowboywastravelingonhishorsewhenhesawabar.Hedecidedto1forafewdrinks,

sohetiedhishorseoutsidethebar,walkedintothebarandorderedtwobottlesof2.Thiscowboywasnewin

town.Helookedaroundandnoticedsomepeoplemakingfacestohim.Heguessedthattheymightplaysome

tricks3him,buthesaidnothingandcontinuedtodrink.Afterdrinking,hewalkedoutofthe

bar4foundhishorselost.

However,hekeptcalm,camebackintothebar,andsaid5nIdon*tknowwhatyoufoolsdidtomyhorse

outthere...butI'mleavinginfiveminutes,andbythenifmyhorseisn*tbackwhereit*ssupposedtobe,well...Ihaveto

doherewhatIdidinTexas!nThecowboyadded,"AndIdon'twanttodowhatIdidinTexas!nAfterhearingthesewords,

theothercustomersseemedalittlebit6

Thecowboywentbacktohisseatandordered7twobottlesofbeer.Afterfive8hewalkedout

andfoundhishorsetied9itwassupposedtobe.

Justashewasleaving,thebossofthebarcameupandaskedcuriously,"WhatwasthethingthatyoudidinTexas

butyoudidn'twanttodohere?**

Thecowboy10tothebossandrepliedinalowvoice,nIhadtowalkhome!**

【答案】1.stop2.beer3.on4.and5.slowly6.frightened7.another8.minutes9.Where

10.turned

Passage8

用方框內(nèi)單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

actualbuydecideenvironmentmanageshemessproducereuseruleskillspeak

Manypeopleknowtheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.However,mostofthemthinktheycandolittleto

helpsolvetheworld's1.problems.NewYorkerLaurenSingerdoesn'tthinkso.Thebeautifulgirlstudied

environmentalscienceatNewYorkUniversity.Butshenotonlywantedtolearnaboutsustainability（可持續(xù)發(fā)展），but

shealsowantedto2.liveit.Duringherfinalyearofcollege,shebeganworkingtowardslivinga“ZeroWaste”

life.Sincethen,shehasgonetwoyearswithout3.anylitter.

Laurensaidthatshemadethe4.tolivea"ZeroWaste95lifefortworeasons.Thefirstwasherteacher5s5.

abouttheimportanceof“l(fā)ivingyourvalues^^.Thesecondwasthelunchherclassmatebroughttoclasseveryweek.She

usedalotofplasticbags,forks,bottles,etc.tocarrythefoodandthenthrewthemaway.ThismadeLaurenthinkalot.

“We'resupposedtobethefutureofthisplanetbutnowwe

6.itupwithourlitter.^^

Ifseasiersaidthandone.Thepasttwoyearshasn'tbeeneasyforLauren.Shestopped7.

anythingwrapped（包裝）inplasticandbegantakingherownbagstothesupermarket.Shedidn'tbuynewclothesand

shoppedonlyinsecond-handstores.Andshetriedtobuy8.thingswhichcanbeusedmanytimes.Sheever

madeallherowncleaningproductsfromtoothpastetodetergent（洗衣粉）by9..Tohelpthosewhowantto

followherfootstepsbutdon'thavethetimeor10.likeher,Laurenrecentlystartedherownwaste-freeproduct

company,TheSimplyCo.

【答案】1.environmental2.actually3.producing4.decision5.speech

6.aremessing7.buying8.reusable9.herself10.skills

Passage9

詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用，有兩個(gè)詞為多余項(xiàng)

wise,forest,soon,game,catch,scare,nothing,danger,fortunate,to,point,because

Longlongago,therewasacrowdofantelopes（羚羊）inthe1..Inthiscrowdtherewasa

2.teacher.Hewasadmiredbyeveryone3.hetaughttheyoungthetricksandstrategiesof

survival（生存策略）.

Oneday,hisyoungersisterbroughtherson4.himandaskedhimtoteachwhatwasimportantto

antelopes.Shesaid,"Dearbrother,thisismyson,Dick.Pleaseteachhimthetricksandstrategiesofsurvival.^^The

teachersaidtoDick,“Youcancomeatthistimetomorrowforyourfirstlesson.^^

Atfirst,Dickcametohavelessonsontimeeveryday.But5.,Dickbecamemoreinterestedinplaying

gameswithothers,sohebegantocutclasses.However,hedidn'trealizehow6.itcouldbefbrayoung

antelopewholearnednothingbut7..

8.,onedaytheyoungantelopesteppedinatrap（陷阱）.KnowingDickwasmissing,hismotherwas

worried.Shewenttoherbrotherandaskedhim,“Dearbrother,howismyson?Haveyoutaughthimthetricksand

strategiesofsurvival?^^Theteacherreplied,<6Mydearsister,Itriedmybesttoteachhim,butyoursondidnotwantto

learnthetricksandstrategiesofsurvival.Hecutclasses.HowcouldIpossiblyteachhim?”

Atthistime,theyheardthatDick9.inatrap.Theyhurriedtorescuehimbeforeitwastoolate.Dickwastoo

10.tomoveandregretteddeeply.

Iftheyoungantelopehadkeptlearningcarefullyallthetime,hewouldn'thavebeencaught.

【答案】1.forest2.wise3.because4.to5,soon6.dangerous7.games8.Unfortunately9.wascaught

10.scared