高電壓設(shè)備測試（High Voltage Equipment Testing）（英文版） 課件 Worksheet 2 High Voltage Insulation Tools

《HighVoltageEquipmentTesting》HighVoltageInsulationTools主講人：何發(fā)武（副教授）OperatingWorksheet：TableofContents01Followme02Workshop03Training01FollowmeⅠ.ClassificationofInsulationToolsHighvoltagesafetytoolsarethebasicequipmentusedtodirectlyprotectthesafetyofelectricians.Highvoltagesafetytoolsareclassifiedintoinsulationsafetytoolsandgeneralprotectivesafetytools,andinsulationsafetytoolscanbefurtherdividedintobasicsafetytoolsandauxiliarysafetytools.Basicsafetytools:Theinsulationstrengthshouldbeabletowithstandtheworkingvoltageforalongtimeandensurethepersonalsafetyoftheworkerswhenovervoltageoccursattheworkingvoltagelevel.Auxiliarysafetytools:Iftheinsulationstrengthcannotwithstandtheworkingvoltageofelectricalequipmentorcircuits,itisnecessarytostrengthentheprotectionfunctionofbasicsafetytoolstopreventtheharmofcontactvoltage,stepvoltage,andarcburningtotheoperators.Ⅰ.ClassificationofInsulationToolsInhigh-voltageinsulationsafetytools,basicsafetytoolsincludeinsulatingrods,insulatingpliers,andvoltagetesters;auxiliarysafetytoolsincludeinsulatinggloves,insulatingboots,insulatingmats,insulatingplatforms,andinsulatingblankets,etc.Inlow-voltageinsulationsafetytools,basicsafetytoolsincludeinsulatinggloves,toolswithinsulatinghandles,andlow-voltagevoltagetesters.Auxiliarysafetytoolsincludeinsulatingtables,insulatingmats,insulatingshoes,andinsulatingboots,etc.Evenforthesameinsulatinggloves,theclassificationisdifferentinhighandlowvoltageapplications.Ⅰ.ClassificationofInsulationToolsPortablegroundingwires,temporarybarriers,signs,warningsigns,protectivegoggles,safetybelts,woodenladders,andfootbuckles,etc.,aregeneralsafetytoolsthatpreventworkersfrombeingshocked,arcburned,andfallingfromheights.Theyarenotinsulationtoolsthemselves.Ⅱ.OverviewofInsulationToolFunctionsThenames,functions,andfiguresofcommontestingsafetytoolsareshowninTable1-1.ClassificationNamesandfunctionsofinsulatingtoolsExampleInsulatingprotectiveequipmentSafetyhelmets(Personalprotectiveequipmentforheadprotectionofworkersinsituationswherethereisariskoffallingobjectsorpersonnel)InsulatedBoots(Basicpersonalsafetyequipmentforlowvoltagecircuittesting)Table1-1

Names,functions,andexamplesofcommontestingsafetytoolsⅡ.OverviewofInsulationToolFunctionsThenames,functions,andfiguresofcommontestingsafetytoolsareshowninTable1-1.ClassificationNamesandfunctionsofinsulatingtoolsExampleInsulatingprotectiveequipmentInsulatedGloves(Basicpersonalsafetyequipmentforlowvoltagecircuittesting)InsulatingMat(Auxiliarysafetyequipmentforpersonnelandequipmentduringhighvoltagetesting)Table1-1

Names,functions,andexamplesofcommontestingsafetytoolsⅡ.OverviewofInsulationToolFunctionsThenames,functions,andfiguresofcommontestingsafetytoolsareshowninTable1-1.ClassificationNamesandfunctionsofinsulatingtoolsExampleInsulatingprotectiveequipmentInsulatingBlanket(Auxiliarysafetyequipmentforpersonnelandenergizedequipmentduringliveoperations)HighVoltageInsulatinguniform(Auxiliarysafetyequipmentforpersonnelandenergizedequipmentduringliveoperations)Table1-1

Names,functions,andexamplesofcommontestingsafetytoolsⅡ.OverviewofInsulationToolFunctionsThenames,functions,andfiguresofcommontestingsafetytoolsareshowninTable1-1.ClassificationNamesandfunctionsofinsulatingtoolsExampleInsulatingprotectiveequipmentHighVoltageInsulatinguniform(Auxiliarysafetyequipmentforpersonnelandenergizedequipmentduringliveoperations)HighvoltagepowertestandgroundingdeviceHighVoltageElectroscope(Usedtocheckifelectricalequipmentorcircuitsareenergizedanddetectthepresenceofhigh-frequencyelectricfields)Table1-1

Names,functions,andexamplesofcommontestingsafetytoolsⅡ.OverviewofInsulationToolFunctionsThenames,functions,andfiguresofcommontestingsafetytoolsareshowninTable1-1.ClassificationNamesandfunctionsofinsulatingtoolsExampleHighvoltagepowertestandgroundingdeviceGroundingwire(Safetytoolusedduringtestingorconstructiontopreventelectricshockhazards)Insulatingclamps(Usedforinstallationandremovalofhighvoltagefusesin35

kVandbelowpowersystem)Table1-1

Names,functions,andexamplesofcommontestingsafetytoolsⅡ.OverviewofInsulationToolFunctionsThenames,functions,andfiguresofcommontestingsafetytoolsareshowninTable1-1.ClassificationNamesandfunctionsofinsulatingtoolsExampleHighvoltagepowertestandgroundingdeviceHighVoltageDCdischargeRods(Inthehighvoltagetest,especiallyaftertheDCwithstandvoltagetest,theaccumulatedchargeonthesampleisdischargedtothegroundtoensurepersonalsafety)HighVoltageInsulationOperatingPole(Usedforopeninghighvoltagedisconnectorswitchesordrop-outtypefuses,aswellasinsulationandtestingmeasurementsonhighvoltageequipment)Table1-1

Names,functions,andexamplesofcommontestingsafetytoolsⅡ.OverviewofInsulationToolFunctionsThenames,functions,andfiguresofcommontestingsafetytoolsareshowninTable1-1.ClassificationNamesandfunctionsofinsulatingtoolsExampleHighvoltagepowertestandgroundingdevicePhasedetector(Usedtodetecthighvoltage,phasesequenceverificationofthree-phaselines,andwhetherthepowersupplyontheloopnetworksideisinphase)Table1-1

Names,functions,andexamplesofcommontestingsafetytools02WorkshopⅠ.InsulatinggloveinspectionInsulatingglovescanpreventacertaindegreeofelectricshockinjury.Whenthecurrentleakedfromthehumanbodyiswithinthesaferange,itissafe.However,iftheleakagecurrentistoolarge,itcanalsocausehumaninjury.Beforeusinginsulatinggloves,checkwhethertheyhaveexceededtheireffectiveuseperiod.Conductanexternalinspectionbeforeuse.Useadryclothtowipeoffthesurfacedirtanddustontheinsulatinggloves.Checkthesurfaceoftheinsulatingglovesforscratchesandinspecttheinsulationrubberforagingandbonding.Ifdamagesuchasstickiness,cracks,leaks,bubbles,andbrittlenessisfound,itisforbiddentousethegloves.Ⅰ.InsulatinggloveinspectionInspectionmethod:Rolltheglovestowardthefingers.Ifthefingersbulgewithoutleaking,theyaregood;alternatively,aportableinsulationglovetestercanbeused.Inflatethegloveswiththetesterandcheckforleaks.Duringtheuseofinsulatinggloves,thecuffsoftheuniformmustnotbeexposedoutsidethegloves.Afterused,cleanandairdrythegloves,keepthemdryandclean,andsprinklesometalcumpowdertoavoidadhesion.Insulatingglovesshouldbestoredinadryandcoolinsulatingsafetytoolcabinet.Itshouldnotbetoocoldortoohot,andthetemperatureshouldbemaintainedbetween15C–35Cwitharelativehumidityof5%–80%topreventpolymeragingandreduceinsulationperformance.Keeptheglovesseparatefromothertoolsanddonotstackanyobjectsonthemtopreventpuncturingthegloves.Ⅰ.InsulatinggloveinspectionInsulatingshoes(boots)mainlyundergoexternalsizeinspections.Iftherearedamagesonthesurface,theshoesoleshavewornoutslip-resistantteeth,andtheoutersolehaswornthroughtheinsulationlayer,theycannotbeusedagain.Ⅱ.RequirementsforwearingliveoperationinsulatinguniformThereisadifferencebetweeninsulatinguniformandconductiveuniform.Insulatinguniformcanwithstandhighvoltagesbelow7

kV,anditisresistanttohighvoltage,flameretardant,acidandalkali-resistant.Insulatinguniformismadeofnylon-coatedfabricwithinsulationproperties,primarilyusedforphysicalprotectionduringliveoperations.Ⅱ.RequirementsforwearingliveoperationinsulatinguniformConductiveuniform,alsoknownasliveoperationshieldingclothingorequipotentialvoltageclothing,isworntoformanequipotentialshieldingsurfaceontheoutersurfaceofthehumanbodyinahigh-voltageelectricfield.Itprotectsthebodyfromthedangersofhigh-voltageelectricfieldsandelectromagneticwaves,primarilyusedwhenenteringahigh-voltageelectricfieldduringthemaintenanceofhigh-voltagelines.Conductiveuniformismadeofuniformconductormaterialandfibermaterial.Thecompletesetofshieldinguniformshouldincludeajacket,pants,hat,socks,gloves,shoes,aswellascorrespondingconnectingwiresandconnectors.Ⅱ.Requirementsforwearingliveoperationinsulatinguniform(1)Beforewearinginspecttheprotectiveequipment.Priortouse,pressurizethehigh-voltageinsulatingglovesandbootswithairtocheckforpinholedefects.Inspecttheinsulatingsleeves,shouldercapes,andinsulatinguniformforpunctureholesandscratchesbeforeuse.Ifthere