英語句子成分分析16slide

句子成分主語謂語賓語表語定語狀語賓補(bǔ)*句子成分由詞或詞組充當(dāng)英語的基本成分有七種：_________________________________________________________________________________________________________和___________________主語(subject)、謂語(predicate)、表語(predicative)、賓語(object)、定語(attribute)、狀語(adverbial)補(bǔ)語(complement)1.

I

met

mybest

friend

Tom

atthestationyesterday.↓主語↓謂語↓定語↓賓語↓同位語↓狀語Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.Shewentoutinahurry.Fourplusfouriseight.Toseeistobelieve.Smokingisbadforhealth.Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.Whathehassaidistrue.主語：動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者。（名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、動(dòng)名詞、不定式、從句）簡(jiǎn)單謂語:由動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組組成Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill?Helookedaftertwoorphans.復(fù)合謂語由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞;HecanspeakEnglishwell.謂語：動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。（動(dòng)詞）表語：系動(dòng)詞后的成分。（名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、不定式）常見的系動(dòng)詞有:be(am,is,are,were,was),appear,look,seem,feel,smell,taste,sound,keep,turn,become,get,grow,come,goetc.系動(dòng)詞不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài).Theappletastessweet.Thewarwasover.Theyseemtoknowthetruth.Timeis

precious.I’mnotquitemyselftoday.Whowasthefirst?Heisoutofcondition.ThebookiswhatIneed.賓語：動(dòng)作的承受者。（名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、不定式）

賓語分為直接賓語和間接賓語.直接賓語指物,間接賓語指人.Hegaveme

somebooks.間接賓語直接賓語Heeatsanapple.Weplaybasketball.●.pleasepass

me

thebook.●.Heboughtme

someflowers.●Ilikemyjob.●Ilove

you.●Hewantedtoleavehere.●Theyenjoyedplayingcomputergames.補(bǔ)語：起補(bǔ)充說明作用。

賓補(bǔ)：補(bǔ)充說明賓語。

主補(bǔ)：補(bǔ)充說明主語。

Ifoundthebook

interesting.Doyousmellsomethingburning?Hemadehimselfknowntothem.Sheaskedmetolendherahand.Pleasemakeyourselfathome.Pleasekeepthedogout.Wemustkeepitasecret.主動(dòng)語態(tài)變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)后,賓語補(bǔ)足語變成主補(bǔ).Ilastsawhimplayingneartheriver.→Hewaslastseenplayingneartheriver.Theteachercaughtthestudentcheatingintheexam→Thestudentwascaughtcheatingintheexam

Wemadehimmonitor.→Hewasmade

monitor.Hepushedthedooropen.→Thedoorwaspushedopen.定語：限定或修飾名詞或代詞。（形容詞、名詞、數(shù)詞、名詞的所有格、分詞等）Heisacleverboy.Hisfatherworksinasteelwork.Thereare54studentsinourclass.Doyouknownbetty’s

sister?Heboughtsomesleeping

pills.Thereisasleepingbabyinbed.Hisspokenlanguageisgood.Imetafriendonmywayhome.(形容詞)(名詞)(數(shù)詞)(名詞的所有格)(動(dòng)名詞)(現(xiàn)在分詞)(過去分詞)(副詞)Thegirlinredishissister.Wehavealotofworktodo.Thegirlstandingunderthetreeishisdaughter.Doyouknowthemanwhospokejustnow?Thereisnothinginterestinginthisbook.狀語：表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間,地點(diǎn),原因,結(jié)果,目的,方式,伴隨,條件,程度,讓步,頻率等。（副詞、介詞短語）用于修飾形容詞,副詞,動(dòng)詞,介詞短語或句子。Iwillbebackinawhile.Theyareplayingontheplayground.Hewaslatebecausehegotuplate.HegotupsolatethatImissedthetrain.Iwaitedtoseeyou.Heoftenwenttoschoolbybus.Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.Pleasecallmeifitisnecessary.Thisbookisvery

interesting.Hewenttoschoolinspiteofhisillness.Healwayscomeslatetoschool.基本句型主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語（主系表）主語+不及物動(dòng)詞+（其他成分）主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語（主謂賓）主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ)Hewent.Hewentthere.Hewentthereyesterday.Hewenttheretoseehismotheryesterday.Hewenttheretoseehismotherillinhospitalbybikeyesterday.練習(xí)題：劃分句子成分。1.TheweatherchangesveryofteninEngland.2.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.3.Thin