貴州省六盤水市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題【含答案解析】

六盤水市2024-2025學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量監(jiān)測高二年級英語試題卷（考試時長：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項：1.答題前，務(wù)必在答題卡上填寫姓名和準(zhǔn)考證號等相關(guān)信息并貼好條形碼。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試題卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatsportdidthemandolastweekend?A.Running.B.Volleyball.C.Ropeskipping.2.WhenisBettyleaving?A.ThisThursday.B.ThisFriday.C.ThisSaturday.3.HowdidthespeakerscometoSydney?A.Bycar.B.Bytrain.C.Byplane4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Aschoolmate.B.Acompetition.C.Thestudents’union.5.WhatdoesthemantellAvatodo?A.Cookdinner.B.Pickuptheclothes.C.Buysomefoods.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Inahospital.C.Intheoffice.7.Whatisthemanlikelytodonext?A.Takeawalk.B.Goforacheck-up.C.Prepareforameeting.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoesthemanthinktheamountofspeakinglargelydependson?A.Theworkcontent.B.Thefamilyatmosphere.C.Thepersonalcharacters.9.Whataremost-talkedtopicsbywomenaccordingtothestudy?A.Numbersandsports.B.Smalltoolsandpeople.C.Peopleandrelationships聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhoisLucky?A.Adog.B.Theman.C.TheirGrandma.11.WhatdoesthewomanfeelaboutleavingLucky?A.Annoyed.B.Anxious.C.Depressed.12.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.AccompanyLucky.B.Callhergrandmother.C.Packtheluggage.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhereisTheSuperBowlheld?A.InAustraliaB.InBrazil.C.IntheUS.14.WhichsportisalmostregardedasareligioninIndia?A.Cricket.B.Soccer.C.Tennis.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkabouttabletennis?A.It’saninterestingsport.B.It’sanationalsportinChina.C.It’sincrediblypopularinternationally.16.Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A.Notallsports.aroforeveryoneB.Sportsareareflectionofthespirit.C.Sportsareforentertainmentvalue.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Hastingaprogram.B.Conductingasurvey.C.Preparingacompetition.18.Whyshould“What’sinYourSchoolbag?”beheld?A.Tohelpstudentsbreaktheice.B.Toletthegroupfigureoutobjects.C.Tohavestudentsemptytheschoolbags.19.Whalisthepurposeofaneedsanalysisonthefirstday?A.Toenlargestudents’vocabulary.B.Tounderstandwhatstudentsexpect.C.Toevaluablestudents’previousknowledge.20.Howdoesdebatingclassrulesbenefitstudents?A.Itimprovestheirdebatingskills.B.Itmakesthemmoresuccessfulinthefuture.C.Itmakesthemmorelikelytofollowtherules.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheChinese-builtStandardGaugeRailway(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)軌距鐵路)inKenyabasbeenwarmlywelcomedasafaster,saferalternativesinceitslaunch.The480-kilometerrailwayisthecountry’slargestbasicproject,connectingEastAfrica’slargestportcityofMombasaandthecapitalcityofNairobi.Hereisabriefintroduction.BoardingAnyliveanimals,batteriesandlightersaren’tallowedwhilefoodscanbetakenonboard.Foreignersareaskedtoproducepassportsbeforeentering.Carriageandseatnumbersareclearlymarkedontheticket,andthere’splentyofluggagestorageabovetheseats.Foods&DrinksAsmartlydressedattendantpassesbyoccasionallywithafoodanddrinkscart;onofferaresandwiches,snacks,softdrinks,tea,coffee,Kenyanbeerandasmallselectionofwine.Passengerscanalsoorderhotmealslikebeanorchickenstewwithchapati.PriceBright-colouredtrains,modernstationsanddeparturesontimeofferexcellentvalueformoney;onewayticketsareabout$25inFirstClassand$10inEconomyClass.Onthereturnjourneybookaleft-handseatsoyoucanwatchthesunsetoverMountKilimanjaro.WildlifepreservationMeasureshavebeenadoptedtohelppreservewildlife.Afristar,theoperatoroftheSGR,hastakenplentyofnoisereductionmeasuresontherailroad.ObedKirwa,atracktechnicalsupervisor,sayssoundbarriershavebeenfixedalongthewildlifepathwaystoreducedisturbancetotheanimalsandsoundabsorptionplates(吸音板)havebeenestablishedcloselowildlifehabitats.1.Whatareallowedwhileboarding?A.Pets. B.Foods. C.Batteries. D.Lighters.2.Howmuchdoyoupayforacheaperroundtrip?A.$20. B.$25. C.$35. D.$50.3.Wherehavesoundbarriersbeensetup?A.Atthemodernstations. B.Abovethecarriageseats.C.Onthestandardrailroad. D.Alongthewildlifepathways.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文介紹了中國在肯尼亞建造的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)軌距鐵路，重點突出了其作為更快、更安全的交通方式所受到的熱烈歡迎。文章從登車規(guī)定、餐飲服務(wù)、票價以及野生動物保護措施等方面，詳細描述了這條連接蒙巴薩和內(nèi)羅畢的480公里鐵路的特點和優(yōu)勢。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Boarding部分的句子“Anyliveanimals,batteriesandlightersaren’tallowedwhilefoodscanbetakenonboard.(任何活體動物、電池和打火機都不允許攜帶，而食物則可以帶上車。)”可知，上車時食物允許帶上車。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Price部分的句子“onewayticketsareabout$25inFirstClassand$10inEconomyClass.(單程票頭等艙約25美元，經(jīng)濟艙約10美元。)”可知，便宜一點的往返車票是10*2=20(美元)。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Wildlifepreservation部分的句子“ObedKirwa,atracktechnicalsupervisor,sayssoundbarriershavebeenfixedalongthewildlifepathwaystoreducedisturbancetotheanimalsandsoundabsorptionplates(吸音板)havebeenestablishedcloselowildlifehabitats.(軌道技術(shù)主管ObedKirwa說，為了減少對動物的干擾，已經(jīng)在野生動物通道沿線安裝了隔音屏障，并在野生動物棲息地附近建立了吸聲板。)”可知，隔音屏障被設(shè)置在野生動物通道沿線。故選D項。BJaneGoodallwasborninEngland,onApril3,1934.Asachild,shehadanaturallovefertheoutdoorsandanimals.InspiredbybookslikeTerzanandDr.Dolittleseries,shedreamedoftravelingtoAfricatoworkwithwildlife.At23,shevisitedafriendinAfrica,whichledtohermeetingDr.LouisLeakey,apaleoanthropologist(古人類學(xué)家)whoofferedherajobatalocalmuseum.LeakeysoonsentJanetotheGombeStreamGameReserveinTanzaniatostudychimpanzees(大猩猩),thinkingthatJane’spassionandopenmindmadeheridealforthetask.Theearlyweekswerechallengingduetoillnessanddifficultgeographicalenvironment,butsheeventuallygainedthetrustofahigh-rankingchimpanzeenamedDavidGreybeard,allowinghertoobservethechimps.Janemadegroundbreakingdiscoveries,includingchimps’useoftools,dietwithamixtureofmeatandgrass,whichchallengedcommonscientificideas.Janecontinuedtoworkinthefieldand,withLeakey’shelp,beganherdoctoralprogramwithoutanundergraduatedegreein1962.AtCambridgeUniversity,shefoundhermethodsandsuggestionsthatchimpshaveemotionsandpersonalitiescausedargumentsamongseniorscientists.In1966,sheearnedherPh.D.andcontinuedworkingatGombeforthenexttwentyyears.In1986,JaneshiftedherfocustoconservationafternoticingdeforestationinGombeStreamNationalPark.ShehelpedsetupsheltersforchimpsandestablishedtheJaneGoodallInstitute(JGI)in1977anditsRooks&Shootsprogramin1991,encouragingyoungpeopletoparticipateinconservationprojects.Janehasbeenanadvocateforprotectinganimalsandtheenvironment,meetingwithkeyliguresandtravelingtoraiseawarenessandfunds.Today,agedaround90,shecontinuestoprotectchimpanzees,theirhabitats,andtheplanet.4.WhatinspiredJanetoworkwithwildlifeinAfrica?A.Amuseumjob. B.Outdoortrips.C.AnAfricanfriend. D.Severalbooks.5.WhatdidJanesufferwhenstudyingchimpanzees?A.Thedoubtofyoungpeople. B.Thelackofadoctordegree.C.Thechallengeofbadconditions. D.Theattackofhigh-rankingchimps.6.Whatdoesparagraph4convey?A.HowJanefoundedRoots&Shoots.B.WhyJanesetupsheltersforchimpanzees.C.HowJaneprotectedwildlifeandtheenvironment.D.WhyJaneencouragedyoungpeopletojoinprojects.7.WhichwordsbestdescribeJane?A.Honestandkind-hearted. B.Determinedanddevoted.C.Considerateandeasy-going. D.Responsibleandtraditional.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了簡·古道爾博士在非洲研究黑猩猩的職業(yè)經(jīng)歷和對保護野生動物及環(huán)境所作出的貢獻?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Asachild,shehadanaturallovefortheoutdoorsandanimals.InspiredbybookslikeTerzanandDr.Dolittleseries,shedreamedoftravelingtoAfricatoworkwithwildlife.(小時候，她天生對戶外和動物有著熱愛。受到《泰山》和《杜立德醫(yī)生》系列書籍的啟發(fā)，她夢想著前往非洲與野生動物一起工作)”可推知，簡受幾本書的啟發(fā)，希望在非洲從事野生動物工作。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theearlyweekswerechallengingduetoillnessanddifficultgeographicalenvironment,butsheeventuallygainedthetrustofahigh-rankingchimpanzeenamedDavidGreybeard,allowinghertoobservethechimps.(最初的幾周因生病和惡劣的地理環(huán)境而充滿挑戰(zhàn)，但她最終贏得了一只名叫DavidGreybeard的高等級黑猩猩的信任，使她能夠觀察黑猩猩)”可推知，Jane研究黑猩猩時遭遇的困難是惡劣的環(huán)境條件帶來的挑戰(zhàn)。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ShehelpedsetupsheltersforchimpsandestablishedtheJaneGoodallInstitute(JGI)in1977anditsRoots&Shootsprogramin1991,encouragingyoungpeopletoparticipateinconservationprojects.Janehasbeenanadvocateforprotectinganimalsandtheenvironment,meetingwithkeyfiguresandtravelingtoraiseawarenessandfunds.(她幫助建立了黑猩猩庇護所，并于1977年成立了簡·古道爾研究所（JGI），并于1991年創(chuàng)建了Roots&Shoots項目，鼓勵年輕人參與保護項目。Jane一直倡導(dǎo)保護動物和環(huán)境，與關(guān)鍵人物會面并旅行以提高意識和資金)”可知，第4段主要講述了Jane如何保護野生動物和環(huán)境。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文以及結(jié)合文章第二段“LeakeysoonsentJanetotheGombeStreamGameReserveinTanzaniatostudychimpanzees(大猩猩),thinkingthatJane’spassionandopenmindmadeheridealforthetask.Theearlyweekswerechallengingduetoillnessanddifficultgeographicalenvironment,butsheeventuallygainedthetrustofahigh-rankingchimpanzeenamedDavidGreybeard,allowinghertoobservethechimps.(Leakey很快就把Jane送到坦桑尼亞的貢貝溪野生動物保護區(qū)去研究黑猩猩，他認(rèn)為Jane的熱情和開放的思想使她成為這項任務(wù)的理想人選。最初的幾周，由于疾病和惡劣的地理環(huán)境，她受到了挑戰(zhàn)，但最終獲得了一只名叫大衛(wèi)·格雷比爾德的高級黑猩猩的信任，允許她觀察黑猩猩)”以及第五段“Today,agedaround90,shecontinuestoprotectchimpanzees,theirhabitats,andtheplanet.(今天，近90歲的她繼續(xù)保護黑猩猩，它們的棲息地和地球)”可知，Jane在艱難條件下堅持研究黑猩猩且在90歲的她繼續(xù)保護黑猩猩。所以推斷出簡是一個堅定和奉獻的科學(xué)家。故選B。CPixar’sInsideOut(頭腦特工隊)tellsthestoryofhowourbrainsworkandwhywesometimesfeelsad.Releasedin2015,thisfilmmightbethemostimaginativeonePixarhasevermade.It’slikeadreamy,amazingmovieandisdefinitelythebestanimationthestudiohasmadesinceToyStory3in2010.Thestoryisaboutan11-year-oldgirlnamedRileyAndersen,wholoveshockeyandherparents.Buttherealfocusisonfivecomplexemotions—Joy,Sadness,Angert,Fear,andDisgust,turnedintofivelittle“kids”—andhowtheyhelpRileydealwithmovingtoSanFranciscowithherfamily.In2024InsideOut2,it’snowsummerbeforeRileystartshighschool.She’s13andgoestohockeycampwithhertwobestfriends.Rileyhasalsoenteredherteenageyears,whichbringsfournewemotions:Envy,Embarrassment,Boredom,andAnxiety.Anxietyisprobablythemostcomplexofthem,oftenshownasamessyhairkidwithlotsofbaggage.AsRileytriestokeepherfriends,beacceptedbyolderkids,andmakethehighschoolhockeyteam,thefilmshowsbothherouterlifeandherinnerstruggles.Thishappensbecausethenewemotionsarecausingproblemsforherandconfusingthosearoundher.InsideOut2becameasuccessassoonasitcameout,anditgreatlyoutperformedPixar’sboxofficeexpectations,possiblybecauseitinspiresteenstoaccepttheiremotions,andunderstandthecomplexityofemotions.Afterrealizingtheimportanceofemotionalhealthforyouth,theycanbettergothroughtheupsanddownsinlife.8.WhatisthefocusofInsideOut?A.Dailyroutines. B.Humanemotions.C.Personalhobbies. D.Familyrelationships.9.WhatcanwelearnfromInsideOut2?A.Rileyappearswithmessyhair.B.Rileycausesgreattroubleforherfriends.C.Rileyfightswithherinnerworldsomuch.D.Rileyleadstheschoolhockeyteamtowin.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outperformed”inparagraph3referto?A.Wentbeyond. B.Ledto. C.Builtup. D.Brakedown.11.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.People. B.Science. C.Sports. D.Entertainment.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了《頭腦特工隊》和《頭腦特工隊2》兩部電影的內(nèi)容及其影響?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的句子“Buttherealfocusisonfivecomplexemotions—Joy,Sadness,Angert,Fear,andDisgust,turnedintofivelittle“kids”—andhowtheyhelpRileydealwithmovingtoSanFranciscowithherfamily.(但真正的焦點在于五種復(fù)雜的情緒——快樂、悲傷、憤怒、恐懼和厭惡，它們被擬人化為五個“小孩”，并展示了它們?nèi)绾螏椭鶵iley應(yīng)對與家人搬到舊金山的生活變化)”可知，《頭腦特工隊》的重點是人類情緒。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的句子“Rileyhasalsoenteredherteenageyears,whichbringsfournewemotions:Envy,Embarrassment,Boredom,andAnxiety.(Riley也進入了她的青少年時期，這帶來了四種新的情緒：嫉妒、尷尬、無聊和焦慮)”和“AsRileytriestokeepherfriends,beacceptedbyolderkids,andmakethehighschoolhockeyteam,thefilmshowsbothherouterlifeandherinnerstruggles.Thishappensbecausethenewemotionsarecausingproblemsforherandconfusingthosearoundher.(Riley試圖留住她的朋友，被年長的孩子接受，并加入高中曲棍球隊，這部電影展示了她的外在生活和她的內(nèi)心掙扎。這是因為新的情緒給她帶來了麻煩，讓她周圍的人感到困惑)”可知，Riley進入青春期后，新的情緒給她帶來了內(nèi)心的掙扎，并導(dǎo)致她與周圍人的關(guān)系出現(xiàn)問題。因此，Riley在電影中與自己的內(nèi)心世界進行了很多斗爭。故選C項?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“InsideOut2becameasuccessassoonasitcameout(《頭腦特工隊2》一上映就大獲成功)”可知，《頭腦特工隊2》一上映就大獲成功，所以其票房肯定是超出了皮克斯的預(yù)期。劃線單詞outperformed的意義為“超出”，與wentbeyond意義一致。故選A項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了《頭腦特工隊》和《頭腦特工隊2》兩部電影的內(nèi)容及其影響，屬于電影評論或娛樂新聞的范疇，因此最可能出現(xiàn)在報紙的“娛樂”版塊。故選D項。DMostofusknowthateatingtoomuchsugarisn’tgoodforus.Butthefirstthingtounderstandisthatnotallsugarisbadforyoubecausethere’sabigdifferencebetweennaturalandaddedsugars.Amedium-sizedmangocontainsmorethan20gramsnaturalsugarsthanalmostanyotherfruit.Asingle20-ouncebottleofCoca-Colacontains65gramsofaddedsugars.Bulthatsamemangoalsocontainsprotein,calcium,iron,magnesium,potassium,vitaminC,andmostimportantly,plentyofdietaryfiber,whichcanabsorbthesugarslowlyandhelpyourenergylast.However,addedsugarsarooftenregardedas“emptycalories”,becausetheyarecaloriesthatlacknutrientsandwillbestoredasfat,leadinglocertaindiseases.A2023BMCMedicinestudyshowsthatevena5percentincreaseinaddedsugarscomeswitha6percenthigherriskofheartdiseaseanda10percenthigherriskofstroke(中風(fēng)).Droppingorlimitingaddedsugarsinthedietcanhelpyounotonlyavoidsuchoutcomesbutcanalsoimproveyourqualityoflife.Limitingcanalsobringaboutsurprisingoutcomesyouwon’thavetowaitlongtobenefitfrom.Theseinclude“improvedmood,skinhealth,andevenathleticperformance,”saysAmyGoodson,anutritionistandregistereddietitian.Togetthebenefitsofreducingaddedsugars,startbyidentifyingwhereyoumaybeconsumingtoomanyaddedsugars.Abasicandmostimportantstepistoavoidcookie,sodaorothersugar-sweetenedfoodsanddrinks—orhavethemonlyoccasionally.“Bymakingsmall,consistentchangestoloweryoursugarintake,”saysGoodson,“you’llfeelbetter,havemoreenergy,andimproveyourhealthinboththeshortandlangterm.”12.Whichcontainsnaturalsugar?A.Cola. B.Soda. C.Mango. D.Cookie.13.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph2?A.Bymakingcontrast. B.Bytellingstories.C.Bygivingdefinitions. D.Byaskingquestions.14.What’sthemainideaofparagraph3?A.Thefunctionsofnaturalsugars. B.Thesideeffectsofaddedsugars.C.Thepotentialcausesofheartdisease. D.Thebenefitsoflimitingaddedsugars.15.WhatcanweinferfromthewordsofAmyGoodson?A.Takinginsugarhaslittleeffectonlooks.B.Consumingsugarscanhelpgainnutrients.C.Givingupsugarisasimpleandfastaction.D.Reducingsugarintakecanimprovehealth.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章探討了糖分?jǐn)z入對健康的影響，重點區(qū)分了天然糖和添加糖的不同。文章建議通過識別并減少高添加糖食物的攝入，逐步降低糖分?jǐn)z入量，從而在短期和長期內(nèi)改善健康?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的句子“Amedium-sizedmangocontainsmorethan20gramsnaturalsugarsthanalmostanyotherfruit.Asingle20-ouncebottleofCoca-Colacontains65gramsofaddedsugars.(一個中等大小的芒果比幾乎任何其他水果含有20克以上的天然糖。一瓶20盎司的可口可樂含有65克添加糖。)”和最后一段的句子“Togetthebenefitsofreducingaddedsugars,startbyidentifyingwhereyoumaybeconsumingtoomanyaddedsugars.Abasicandmostimportantstepistoavoidcookie,sodaorothersugar-sweetenedfoodsanddrinks-orhavethemonlyoccasionally.(為了獲得減少添加糖的好處，首先要確定你可能在哪里攝入了過多的添加糖。最基本也是最重要的一步是避免吃餅干、蘇打水或其他含糖的食物和飲料，或者偶爾吃。)”可知，芒果含有天然糖分，而可樂、蘇打水和餅干等則含有添加糖。故選C項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Amedium-sizedmangocontainsmorethan20gramsnaturalsugarsthanalmostanyotherfruit.Asingle20-ouncebottleofCoca-Colacontains65gramsofaddedsugars.Bulthatsamemangoalsocontainsprotein,calcium,iron,magnesium,potassium,vitaminC,andmostimportantly,plentyofdietaryfiber,whichcanabsorbthesugarslowlyandhelpyourenergylast.(一個中等大小的芒果比幾乎任何其他水果含有20克以上的天然糖。一瓶20盎司的可口可樂含有65克添加糖。但同樣的芒果也含有蛋白質(zhì)、鈣、鐵、鎂、鉀、維生素C，最重要的是，含有大量的膳食纖維，它可以慢慢吸收糖，幫助你保持精力。)”可知，第二段通過對比芒果和可樂的糖分含量及營養(yǎng)成分，說明了天然糖和添加糖的區(qū)別。因此，作者是通過對比來展開論述的。故選A項?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“However,addedsugarsarooftenregardedas“emptycalories”,becausetheyarecaloriesthatlacknutrientsandwillbestoredasfat,leadinglocertaindiseases.A2023BMCMedicinestudyshowsthatevena5percentincreaseinaddedsugarscomeswitha6percenthigherriskofheartdiseaseanda10percenthigherriskofstroke(然而，添加糖通常被視為“空熱量”，因為它們是缺乏營養(yǎng)的卡路里，會以脂肪的形式儲存，導(dǎo)致某些疾病?！队t(yī)學(xué)委員會醫(yī)學(xué)》2023年的一項研究表明，即使添加糖的攝入量增加5%，患心臟病的風(fēng)險也會增加6%，患中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險也會增加10%)”可知，第三段主要討論了添加糖的負(fù)作用，包括其作為“空熱量”會導(dǎo)致脂肪堆積，并增加心臟病和中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險。因此，本段的主要內(nèi)容是添加糖的副作用。故選B項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的句子“Droppingorlimitingaddedsugarsinthedietcanhelpyounotonlyavoidsuchoutcomesbutcanalsoimproveyourqualityoflife.Limitingcanalsobringaboutsurprisingoutcomesyouwon’thavetowaitlongtobenefitfrom.Theseinclude“improvedmood,skinhealth,andevenathleticperformance,”saysAmyGoodson,anutritionistandregistereddietitian.Theseinclude“improvedmood,skinhealth,andevenathleticperformance,”saysAmyGoodson,anutritionistandregistereddietitian.(減少或限制飲食中的添加糖不僅可以幫助你避免這些后果，還可以提高你的生活質(zhì)量。限制也能帶來意想不到的結(jié)果，你不用等太久就能從中受益。這些包括“改善情緒、皮膚健康，甚至運動表現(xiàn)，”營養(yǎng)學(xué)家和注冊營養(yǎng)師AmyGoodson說。)”和最后一段的句子““Bymakingsmall,consistentchangestoloweryoursugarintake,”saysGoodson,“you’llfeelbetter,havemoreenergy,andimproveyourhealthinboththeshortandlangterm.”(Goodson說：“通過不斷地做出小的改變來降低你的糖攝入量，你會感覺更好，更有活力，并在短期和長期內(nèi)改善你的健康?！?”可知，AmyGoodson提到減少添加糖的攝入可以改善情緒、皮膚健康甚至運動表現(xiàn)，并帶來長期的健康益處。因此，可以推斷出減少糖分?jǐn)z入有助于改善健康。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題25分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtostayfocusedwhentheInternetwantsyourattentionInthedigitalage,stayingfocusedisundoubtedlyachallenge,butit’sonethatyoucanovercomewithintentionalactionsandmindfulchoices.Eitheryouruntheday,orthedayrunsyou.____16____.LimitdistractionsOften,itisanautomaticreaction:whenhearinga“ding”sound,mostpeopleimmediatelyreachforphones.Whilesomeoftheseareimportant,manyarenoturgentandcanwait.____17____.Thissimpleactreducesthedesiretocheckiteverytimethescreenlightsup.Structureandmanagetime____18____.OneeffectivetechniqueisTimeboxing:Setapartspecificperiodsoftimeforparticulartasksoractivities.Forexample,from9AMto10AM,focusonrespondingtoemails.From10AMto12PM,workonyourmainproject.GetphysicalPhysicalactivityisn’tjustgoodforyourbody;it’sessentialforyourmind.Takeshortbreakstostretchorwalkaround.____19____.Exerciseincreasesbloodflowtothebrain,whichcanimprovecognitivefunctionslikememoryandconcentration.____20____Inaworldmanagedbydigitalexperiences,reconnectingwiththephysicalworldcanbeincrediblyimportant.Engageinactivitiesthatrequirefocusandbringyoujoy—painting,playingamusicalinstrument,crafting,cooking,orgardening.Theseactivitiesinspiredifferentpartsofyourbrainandcandevelopcreativityandproblem-solvingskill.Choosetofocusonwhattrulymatters,andyouwillfindlifemoremeaningful.A.ThepowerisinyourhandsB.Engageinreal-lifeactivitiesC.TimelostcannotberecalledD.CreatingascheduledplancountsE.KeepyourphonefacedownoroutofsightF.ButdoingsportsforalongtimeisnotnecessaryG.Evenstandingupforafewminutescanmakeadifference【答案】16.A17.E18.D19.G20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了在數(shù)字時代保持專注的一些方法和建議?！?6題詳解】上文“Eitheryouruntheday,orthedayrunsyou.(要么你掌控這一天，要么這一天掌控你)”說明掌控一天的主動權(quán)在自己手中，空處承上啟下，引出下文保持專注的方法，A選項“主動權(quán)在你手中”與上文相呼應(yīng)，強調(diào)主動性的重要性，符合語境。故選A?！?7題詳解】上文“Often,itisanautomaticreaction:whenhearinga“ding”sound,mostpeopleimmediatelyreachforphones.Whilesomeoftheseareimportant,manyarenoturgentandcanwait.(通常，這是一種自動反應(yīng)：當(dāng)聽到“?！钡囊宦晻r，大多數(shù)人會立即伸手去拿手機。雖然其中一些信息很重要，但很多并不緊急，可以等一等)”及下文“Thissimpleactreducesthedesiretocheckiteverytimethescreenlightsup.(這個簡單的行為減少了每次屏幕亮起時查看手機的欲望)”說明要減少手機的干擾，由此可知，此空介紹一個減少手機的干擾的做法；E選項中的“Keepyourphonefacedownoroutofsight”與下文“Thissimpleact”相呼應(yīng)，所以E選項“把你的手機面朝下放置或者放在看不見的地方”，符合語境。故選E?！?8題詳解】下文“OneeffectivetechniqueisTimeboxing:Setapartspecificperiodsoftimeforparticulartasksoractivities.(一種有效的技巧是時間箱法：為特定的任務(wù)或活動留出特定的時間段)”可知，可以通過制定時間計劃來管理時間，空處引出下文，D選項中的“Creatingascheduledplan”與下文“Timeboxing”相呼應(yīng)，所以D選項“制定一個日程計劃很重要”，符合語境。故選D?！?9題詳解】上文“Takeshortbreakstostretchorwalkaround.(進行短暫的休息來伸展身體或者四處走走)”及下文“Exerciseincreasesbloodflowtothebrain,whichcanimprovecognitivefunctionslikememoryandconcentration.(鍛煉增加了大腦的血液流動，這可以改善像記憶力和注意力這樣的認(rèn)知功能)”說明短暫的身體活動也對大腦有益，G選項中的“standingupforafewminutes”與上文“Takeshortbreaks”相呼應(yīng)，“makeadifference”與下文“improvecognitivefunctions”相呼應(yīng)，所以G選項“即使站起來幾分鐘也會有作用”，符合語境。故選G?！?0題詳解】下文“Inaworldmanagedbydigitalexperiences,reconnectingwiththephysicalworldcanbeincrediblyimportant.Engageinactivitiesthatrequirefocusandbringyoujoy—painting,playingamusicalinstrument,crafting,cooking,orgardening.(在一個由數(shù)字體驗主導(dǎo)的世界里，與現(xiàn)實世界重新建立聯(lián)系可能極其重要。參與一些需要專注并且能給你帶來快樂的活動——繪畫、演奏樂器、手工藝制作、烹飪或者園藝)”說明，這段主要講的是參與現(xiàn)實生活中的活動，B選項中的“Engageinreal-lifeactivities”與下文“Engageinactivities”相一致，所以B選項“參與現(xiàn)實生活中的活動”符合語境。故選B。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Aminahadfledherwar-tornhomeland,leavingbehindeverythingsheknew.Notknowingwhatthe___21___wouldbelike,shearrivedinthenewtownofacountrywhoselanguageshe___22___spoke.Thatfirstweek,frightenedbythestrangesightsandsounds,shehadseldom____23____hertinyapartment.Butontheeighthday,____24____byadesiretoadapttothelifehere,Aminaputonthewornrunningshoesthatshe’dcarriedwithherfromhomeand____25____outside.Atfirst,sherantoescapefromthe____26____memoriesofthewar,fromthestruggleofanewstart,fromthepityinglooksofhernewneighbors.Butwitheachday,eachmile,somethingbeganto____27____.Thepaceofherfeetbecameacomfort,andawayto___28___thesadnessshe’dexperienced.Asweekspassed,Amina’sroutesgrew____29____.Sheexploredeverystreetofhernewtown.Thenshegotfamiliarwithits_____30_____—theearlymorningdogwalkers,theafternoonschoolrush,the_____31_____eveningswhenonlytheoccasionaldeerkepthercompany.Gradually,shestarted_____32_____facesonherruns—theelderlymanwhoalwayswavedfromhisyard,theyoungmotherwhowouldsmileinpeace.Oneday,tohersurprise,shefoundherself_____33_____.Now,runninghadbecomeherlifeline,awayto_____34_____thegapbetweenherpastandherpresent.Itwasonthesequietstreetsthatshehadfinallybeguntofeela_____35_____ofbelonging.21.A.future B.scenery C.tradition D.education22A.largely B.usually C.eventually D.hardly23.A.cleaned B.repaired C.left D.decorated24.A.moved B.caught C.driven D.controlled25.A.stepped B.jumped C.flew D.slipped26A.short B.bad C.precious D.unclear27.A.fade B.shake C.change D.flow28.A.forget B.remember C.express D.share29.A.safer B.nearer C.narrower D.longer30.A.spots B.scenes C.people D.animals31.A.busy B.quiet C.exciting D.boring32.A.admiring B.imagining C.describing D.recognizing33.A.wavingback B.runningback C.lookingback D.turningback34.A.leave B.expand C.bridge D.create35.A.love B.sense C.desire D.magic【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.C25.A26.B27.C28.A29.D30.B31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了阿米娜逃難來到一個國家的新城鎮(zhèn)，陌生的環(huán)境讓她感到害怕，為了適應(yīng)新環(huán)境，她開始跑步，跑步讓她獲得了安慰，讓她熟悉了環(huán)境和周圍的人，有了一種歸屬感?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她不知道未來會是什么樣子，來到了一個國家的新城鎮(zhèn)，她幾乎不會說那里的語言。A.future未來；B.scenery風(fēng)景；C.tradition傳統(tǒng)；D.education教育。根據(jù)上文“Aminahadfledherwar-tornhomeland,leavingbehindeverythingsheknew.”可知，阿米娜是逃難來到這里的，由此可知，在這里她舉目無親，不知道未來會是什么樣子。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她不知道未來會是什么樣子，來到了一個國家的新城鎮(zhèn)，她幾乎不會說那里的語言。A.largely在很大程度上；B.usually通常；C.eventually最后；D.hardly幾乎不。根據(jù)上文“Aminahadfledherwar-tornhomeland,leavingbehindeverythingsheknew.”可知，阿米娜是逃難來到這里的，由此可知，這里不是她的家鄉(xiāng)，她幾乎不會說這里的語言。故選D項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第一周，她被奇怪的景象和聲音嚇壞了，很少離開她的小公寓。A.cleaned打掃；B.repaired修理；C.left離開；D.decorated裝飾。根據(jù)句中“frightenedbythestrangesightsandsounds”可知，在新環(huán)境里，她被奇怪的景象和聲音嚇壞了，由此可知，她不敢離開她的小公寓。故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但在第八天，被適應(yīng)這里生活的愿望所驅(qū)使，阿米娜穿上了從家里帶過來的破舊跑鞋，走到了外面。A.moved移動；B.caught抓?。籆.driven驅(qū)使；D.controlled控制。根據(jù)句中“adesiretoadapttothelifehere”可知，她想適應(yīng)這里的生活，由此可知，被這個愿望所驅(qū)使，她走出了公寓。故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但在第八天，被適應(yīng)這里生活的愿望所驅(qū)使，阿米娜穿上了從家里帶過來的破舊跑鞋，走到了外面。A.stepped行走，邁步；B.jumped跳躍；C.flew飛；D.slipped滑倒。根據(jù)句中“adesiretoadapttothelifehere”可知，她想適應(yīng)這里的生活，由此可知，她穿上跑鞋，走到了外面。故選A項?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：起初，她跑步是為了逃離戰(zhàn)爭的糟糕記憶，逃離新開始的掙扎，逃離新鄰居的憐憫目光。A.short短的；B.bad糟糕的；C.precious珍貴的；D.unclear不清楚的。根據(jù)句中“thewar”可知，戰(zhàn)爭帶給她的是糟糕的記憶，由此可知，她跑步是為了逃離戰(zhàn)爭的糟糕記憶。故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但隨著每一天，每一英里，一些事開始發(fā)生改變。A.fade褪色；B.shake搖動；C.change改變；D.flow流動。根據(jù)下文“Thepaceofherfeetbecameacomfort”可知，隨著時間推移，跑步變成了一種安慰，不再是一種逃離，由此可知，一些事開始發(fā)生改變。故選C項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她的腳步成了一種安慰，一種忘記她所經(jīng)歷的悲傷的方式。A.forget忘記；B.remember記得；C.express表達；D.share分享。根據(jù)句中“Thepaceofherfeetbecameacomfort”可知，隨著時間推移，跑步變成了一種安慰，由此可知，跑步能夠讓她忘記所經(jīng)了悲傷。故選A項?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幾周過去了，阿米娜的路線越來越長。A.safer更安全的；B.nearer更接近的；C.narrower更狹窄的；D.longer更長的。根據(jù)下文“Sheexploredeverystreetofhernewtown.”可知，她探索了新城鎮(zhèn)的每一條街道，由此可知，阿米娜的跑步路線越來越長。故選D項?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，她熟悉了路上的場景——清晨遛狗的人，下午放學(xué)高峰期，只有偶爾有鹿陪伴的安靜夜晚。A.spots地點；B.scenes場景；C.people人們；D.animals動物。根據(jù)句中“theearlymorningdogwalkers,theafternoonschoolrush”可知，“清晨遛狗的人”和“下午放學(xué)高峰期”都是跑步路上遇到的場景，由此可知，她熟悉了路上的場景。故選B項?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，她熟悉了路上的場景——清晨遛狗的人，下午放學(xué)高峰期，只有偶爾有鹿陪伴的安靜夜晚。A.busy忙碌的；B.quiet安靜的；C.exciting令人興奮的；D.boring無聊的。根據(jù)句中“whenonlytheoccasionaldeerkepthercompany”可知，夜晚只偶爾有鹿陪伴，由此可知，這是安靜的夜晚。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，她開始認(rèn)出跑步時遇到的面孔——那個總是在院子里揮手的老人，那個會平靜地微笑的年輕母親。A.admiring欽佩；B.imagining想象；C.describing描述；D.recognizing認(rèn)出。根據(jù)上文“Thenshegotfamiliarwithits_____”可知，她在跑步時逐漸放松下來，開始熟悉路上的場景，認(rèn)出遇到的人，由此可知，她開始認(rèn)出跑步時遇到的面孔。故選D項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：有一天，令她驚訝的是，她發(fā)