人體解剖學(xué)英漢名詞對照

人體解剖學(xué)英漢名詞對照

一、總論

1.解剖學(xué)分類(ClassificationofAnatomy)

anatomy解剖學(xué)

*humananatomy,anthropotomy人類解剖學(xué)

systematicanatomy系統(tǒng)解剖學(xué)

regional(topographic)anatomy,topology局部解剖學(xué)

gross(macroscopic)anatomy大體解剖學(xué)，巨視解剖學(xué)

microscopicanatomy顯微解剖學(xué)

macro-microscopicanatomy巨?微解剖學(xué)

sectionalanatomy斷面解剖學(xué)

pathological(morbid)anatomy病理解剖學(xué)

neuroanatomy神經(jīng)解剖學(xué)

chemicalneuroanatomy化學(xué)解剖學(xué)

developmentalanatomy發(fā)生(或發(fā)育)

histologicanatomy組織解剖學(xué)

histology組織學(xué)

embryology胚胎學(xué)

anthropology人類學(xué)

2.一般解剖學(xué)術(shù)語(GeneralAnatomicalTerms)

dissection,dissect(v.)解剖，解剖標(biāo)本

normality,normal(a.)正常

abnormality,abnormal異常

variation變異

deformity,malformation畸形

specimen標(biāo)本

model模型

3.方位術(shù)語(PositionalTerms)

anatomicalposition解剖學(xué)姿勢

(1)方位的形容詞(positionaladjectives)

inferior,lower下

superior,upper上

anterior前側(cè)

posterior后側(cè)

ventral(dorsal)腹(背)側(cè)

medial(lateral)內(nèi)(外)側(cè)

intermediate中間

internal,interior,inner,inside內(nèi)

external,exterior,outer,outside夕卜

superficial淺

deep,profound深

proximal(distal)近(遠(yuǎn))側(cè)

ulnar(radial)尺怫)側(cè)

tibial(fibular)脛(腓)側(cè)

palmar掌側(cè)

plantar足底

left左

right右

middle中

median正中

(2)軸和面(AxesandPlanes)

axis(pl.axes),axial(a.)軸

vertical(perpendicular)axis,longitudinal

axis垂直軸，縱軸

coronal(frontal)axis冠(額)狀軸

sagittalaxis矢狀軸

plane(平)面

horizontal(transverse)plane水平面，

橫平面

coronal(frontal)plane冠(額)狀面

sagittalplane矢狀面

mediansagittalplane正中矢狀面

transversesection橫切面

longitudinalsection縱切面

4.人體的分部和分區(qū)

(ToponymandZonationoftheHuman

body)

頭(Head)

heat頭(的)

Skull,craniun,cranial(a.)顱

front,frontal,region額區(qū)

perietalregion頂區(qū)

occiput,occipitalregion枕區(qū)

Face,facial(a.)面

orbit,orbitalregion眶區(qū)

nose,nasalregion鼻區(qū)

mouth,oralregion口區(qū)

chin,mentalregion頜區(qū)

ear,auditoryregion耳區(qū)

頸(Neck)

neck,collum,cervical&jugular(a.)頸

anteriorregionofneck,anteriorofneck

頸前區(qū)

carotidtriangle頸動脈三角

musculartriangle肌三角，肩脾舌骨肌氣管三角

sternocleidomastoidregion胸鎖乳突肌區(qū)

supraclaviculartriangle鎖骨上三角

posteriorregionofneck,nuchalregion頸后區(qū)，項區(qū)

nape,nucha,nuchal(a.)項

rootofneck頸根部

軀干(Trunk)

trunk,truncus軀干

Mediananteriorline前正中線

sternalline胸骨線

parasternalline胸骨旁線

midclavicularline鎖骨中線

anterior(posterior)axillaryline腋前(后)線

midaxillaryline腋中線

scapularline肩胛線

medianposteriorline后正中線

Back,dorsal背

vertebralregion脊柱區(qū)

sacralregion能區(qū)

scapularregion肩胛下區(qū)

lumbarregion腰

Chest,thorax,thoracic(a.)胸

sternalregion胸骨(前)區(qū)

infraclavicularfossa鎖骨下窩

Abdomen,abdominal(a.)腹

Hypochondriac季肋區(qū)

epigastricregion腹上區(qū)

lateralregionofabdomem腹外側(cè)區(qū)

umbilicalregion臍區(qū)

inguinalregion,iliacregion,腹股溝區(qū),

解區(qū)

inguinaltriangle腹股溝三角，海氏三角

pubicregion,hypogastricregion恥區(qū)，腹下區(qū)

Pelvis,pelvic(a.)盆部

Perineum,perineal(a.)會陰

analregion肛區(qū)

urogenitalregion尿生殖區(qū)

四肢(Limbs)

limbs,extremities四肢

Upperlimbs(extremities)上肢

Shoulder肩

axilla,axillaryregion腋區(qū)

Freeupperlimb自由上肢

arm,brachial(a.)臂

anterior(posterior)brachialregion臂前（后）區(qū)

elbow,cubital,(a.)肘

forearm,antebrachial(a.)前臂

anterior(posterior)antebrachialregion前

臂前(后)區(qū)

hand,manual(a.)手

wrist,carpal(a.)腕

palm,palmar,metacarpal(a.)掌

back(palm)ofhand手背(掌)

finger,digital(a.)手指

thumb拇指

indexfinger示指

middlefinger中指

ringfinger環(huán)指

littlefinger小指

Lowerlimb下肢

hip,coxal(a.)歌

buttock,glutealregion臀區(qū)

Freelowerlimb自由下肢

anterior(posterior)regionofthigh股前

(后)區(qū)

femoraltriangle股三角

medialregionofthigh股內(nèi)側(cè)區(qū)

knee,geniculate(a.)膝

anterior(posterior)regionofknee膝前(后)區(qū)

leg,crural(a.)小腿

anterior(posterior)cruralregion小腿前后)區(qū)

foot,pedal(a.)足

dorsumoffoot足背

sole,planta(pl.plantae)足底

toes足趾

greattoe足母趾

人體解剖學(xué)詞匯骨學(xué)

osteology骨學(xué)

*bone,bony骨

skeleton,skletal(a.)骨骼

long(short,flat)bone長（短，扁滑

irregularbone不規(guī)則骨

pneumaticbone含氣骨

sesamoidbone籽骨，

shaft,diaphysis骨干，骨體

bony(osseous)substance骨質(zhì)

compact(spongy)bone骨密（松）質(zhì)

trabeculae骨小梁

periosteum（外）膜

endosteum骨內(nèi)膜

medullary髓腔

red(yellow)bonemarrow紅(黃)骨髓

中軸骨骼(AxialSkeleton)

軀干骨(BonesofTrunk)

*Vertebral(spinel)column脊柱

*vertebralcanal椎管

intervertebralforamen椎間孑I

cervical(thoracic,lumbar,sacral)

curvature頸(胸，腰，舐)曲

vertebra(pl.vertebrae)椎骨

vertebralbody(arch)椎體(弓)

pedicleofvertebralarch椎弓根

laminaofvertebralarch椎弓板

vertebralforamen椎孔

spinousprocess棘突

transverseprocess橫突

superior(inferior)articularprocess上(下)

關(guān)節(jié)突

cervicalvertebrae頸椎

atlas寰椎

axis樞椎

prominentvertebrae隆椎

thoracicvertebrae胸椎

lumbarvertebrae腰椎

sacrum,sacralbone舐骨

coccyx尾骨

thoraciccavity胸腔

superior(inferior)apertureofthorax胸廓上下口

costalarch肋弓

intercostalsspace肋間隙

infrasternalangle胸骨下角

*ribs,costa(costae)肋

*sternum胸骨

Sternalmanubrium胸骨'柄

Sternalangle(body)胸骨角(體)

Xiphoidprocess劍突

顱骨(skull)

cerebralcranium腦顱

cranialcavity顱腔

calvaria顱蓋

pterion翼點

jugularforamen頸靜脈孔

internalsurfaceofbaseofskull顱底內(nèi)面

anterior(middle,posterior)cranialfossa顱前中，后)窩

facialcranium面顱

orbit眶

bonynasalcavity骨性鼻腔

piriformaperture,anteriornasalaperture梨

狀孔，鼻前孔

posteriornasalaperture鼻后孔

bonyseptumofnose骨鼻中隔

superior(middle,inferior)meatusofnose上(中，下)鼻道

temporalfossa撅窩

zugomaticarch頰弓

infratemporalfossa顆下窩

pterygopalatinefossa翼腭窩

cranialfontaelles顱囪

anterior(posterior)fontanelle前(后)囪

anterolateral(posterolateral)fontanelle前(后)外側(cè)囪

cranialbones腦顱骨

occipitalbone枕骨

largeforamenofoccipitalbone枕骨大孔

externaloccipitalprotuberance枕夕卜隆凸

superior(inferior)nuchalline上(下)項線

sulcusfortransversesinus,transversesulcus橫竇溝

sphenoidbone蝶骨

hypophysealfossa垂體窩

opticcanal視神經(jīng)管

round(oval,spinous)foramen圓(卵圓,棘)孔

temporalbone潁骨

petrouspart巖部

mastoidprocess乳突

carotidcanal頸動脈管

tympanictegmen鼓室蓋

arcuateeminence弓狀隆起

trigeminalimpression三叉神經(jīng)壓跡

internalacousticpore(port)內(nèi)耳門

internalacousticmeatus(canal)內(nèi)耳道

jugularfossa頸靜脈窩

styloidprocess莖突

stylomastoidforamen莖乳孔

facialcanal面神經(jīng)管

externalacousticpore(canal)外耳門(道)

parietal,parietalbone頂骨

parietaltuber(foramen)頂結(jié)節(jié)(孔)

frontalbone額骨

frontalsquama(tuber)額鱗(結(jié)節(jié))

superciliaryarch眉弓

supraorbitalnotch(foramen)眶上切跡

fossaforlacrimalgland淚腺窩

ethmoidbone篩骨

cribriformplate(foramen)篩板(孔)

facialbones面顱骨

inferiornasalconcha下鼻甲

lacrimalbone淚骨

nasalbone鼻骨

vomer梨骨

*maxilla上頜骨

palatinebone腭骨

zygomaticbone頰骨

*mandible下頜骨

ramous(angle)ofmandibleb頜支(角)

masseterictuberosity咬肌粗隆

coronoidprocess冠突

condylarprocess牌突

hyoidbone舌骨

附肢骨骼(Appendicularskeleton)

shouldergirdle上肢帶骨，肩帶骨

scapula肩胛骨

acromion肩峰

superior(medial,lateral)border上(下,夕卜

側(cè))緣

coracoidprocess喙突

superior(inferior,lateral)angle上(下,外側(cè))角

glenoidcavity關(guān)節(jié)盂

*clavicle鎖骨

bonesoffreeupperlimb自由上肢骨

*Humerus肱骨

headofhumerus肱骨頭

anatomical(surgical)neck解剖(夕卜科)頸

greater(lesser)tubercle大(小)結(jié)節(jié)

crestofgreater(lesser)tubercle大(小)結(jié)

節(jié)崎

sulcus(groove)forradialn,4神經(jīng)溝

deltoidtuberosity三角肌粗隆

trochleaofhumerus肱骨滑車

olecranon(coronoid,radial)fossa鷹嘴(冠突，槎)窩

medial(lateral)epicondyle內(nèi)(夕卜)上鐮

sulcusforulnarnerve尺神經(jīng)溝

*radius槎骨

head(neck)ofradius梳骨頭(頸)

articularcircumference環(huán)狀關(guān)節(jié)面

radialtuberosity樓骨粗隆

interosseousborder骨間緣

styloidprocess莖突

ulnalnotch尺切跡

carpalarticularsurface腕關(guān)節(jié)面

*uana尺骨

olecranon鷹嘴

coronoidprocess冠突

ulnaltuberosity尺骨粗隆

trochleal(radial)notch滑車(樓)切跡

headofulna尺骨頭

bonesofhand手骨

carpalbones腕骨

scaphoidbone手舟骨

lunatebone月骨

triangularbone三角骨

pisiformbone豌豆骨

trapeziumbone大多角骨

trapezoidbone小多角骨

capitatebone頭狀骨

hamatebone鉤骨

hamulus(hook)ofhamatebone鉤骨鉤

Metacarpalbones掌骨

phalanges(bones)offingers指骨

proximal(middle,distal)phalanx近(中,遠(yuǎn))指(或趾)骨

下肢骨(Bonesoflowerlimb)

pelvicgirdle下肢帶骨，盆帶骨

*hipbone髏骨

acetabulum股臼

acetabularfossa(notch)酸臼窩(切跡)

obturatorforamen閉孔

*Ilium骼骨

body(ala)ofilium骼骨體(翼)

arcuateline弓狀線

iliaccrest骼崎

Tubercle骼結(jié)節(jié)

Anteriorsuperior(inferior)iliacspine骼前上(下)棘

Posteriorsuperior(inferior)iliacspine骼后上(卜)棘

Iliacfossa骼窩

Auricularsurface耳狀面

Iliactuberosity骼粗隆

*Ischium坐骨

Greater(lesser)sciaticnotch坐骨大(小)切跡

*Pubis恥骨

Symphsialsurface恥骨聯(lián)合面

superior(inferior)ramusofpubis恥骨上下支

ililopubiceminence能恥隆起

pectenofpubis恥骨梳

bonesoffreelowerlimb自由下肢骨

*femur股骨

foveaoffemoralhead股骨頭凹

head(neck)offemur股骨頭(頸)

greater(lesser)trochanter大小轉(zhuǎn)子

intertrochantericline轉(zhuǎn)子間線

intertrochantericcrest轉(zhuǎn)子間日

Hneaaspera,roughlineoffemur粗線

pectinealline恥骨肌線

glutealtuberosity臀肌粗隆

poplitealsurface月國面

medial(lateral)condyle內(nèi)(外)側(cè)微

adductortubercle收肌結(jié)節(jié)

intercondylarfossa牌間窩

medial(lateral)epicondyle內(nèi)外上Q

patella骸骨

*tibia脛骨

intercondylareminence㈱HI隆起

shaft(tuberosity)oftibia脛骨體粗隆

solealline比目魚肌線

medial(lateral)malleolus內(nèi)外靚

Fibula,perone腓骨

bonesoffoot足骨

tarsalbones跑骨

talus距骨

calcaneus跟骨

navicularbone足舟骨

medialcuneiformbone內(nèi)側(cè)楔骨

lateralcuneiformbone中間楔骨

intermediatecuneiformbone內(nèi)側(cè)楔骨

cuboidbone骰骨

metatarsalbones跖骨

phalanges(bones)oftoes趾骨

synosteology關(guān)節(jié)學(xué)，關(guān)節(jié)解剖學(xué)

articulation連結(jié)，關(guān)節(jié)

joint關(guān)節(jié)，連結(jié)

synovialjoints滑膜關(guān)節(jié)

fibrous纖維連結(jié)

syndesmosis韌帶連結(jié)

suture縫

cartilaginousjoints軟骨連結(jié)

synchondrosis(pl.synchondoses)(透明軟骨)結(jié)合

symphysis(pLsymphyses)(纖維軟骨)聯(lián)合

synostosis(pl.synostosessynostcosis)骨性

知口

articularsurface(cavity)關(guān)節(jié)面(腔)

articulardisk關(guān)節(jié)盤

articularlabrum關(guān)節(jié)唇

articularcapsule關(guān)節(jié)囊

fibrouslayer(membrane)纖維層，纖維膜

synoviallayer(membrane)滑膜層，滑膜

synovialfold(villi)滑膜嬖

synovialfluid滑液

ligament(iig.)韌帶

extracapsularIig.囊外韌帶

intracapsularIig.囊內(nèi)韌帶

Action動作，作用

flexion,flexor(v.)屈

extension,extensor(m.),extense(v.)伸

adduction,addutor(m.),adduct(v.)收

abduction,abdutor(m?)，abduct(v.)展

Medial(lateral)rotation旋內(nèi)（外）

nator(ni.),pronate(v.)旋前

supination,supinator(ni.),supinatefv.)旋后

circumduction環(huán)轉(zhuǎn)運動

中軸骨骼的連結(jié)(JointsoftheAxialSkeleton)

vertebraljoints椎骨連結(jié)

yellowlig.黃韌帶

ionterspinouslig.棘間韌帶

intertransverselig.橫突間韌帶

supraspinouslig.棘上韌帶

Intervertebralsymphysis椎間聯(lián)合

interverbraldiscs椎間盤

Fibrousrings纖維環(huán)

Pulpiformnucleus髓核

Anteriorlongitudinal前縱韌帶

Posteriorlongitudinal前后韌帶

Zygapophysialjoint關(guān)節(jié)突關(guān)節(jié)

Lumbosacraljoint腰IS連結(jié)

Costovertebraljoints肋椎關(guān)節(jié)

Jointofcostalhead肋頭關(guān)節(jié)

Costotransversejoint肋橫突關(guān)節(jié)

Sternocostaljoints胸肋關(guān)節(jié)

Cranialsuture顱縫

Coronal(sagittal)suture冠矢狀縫

Lambdoidsuture人字縫

Synchondrosesofcranium顱結(jié)合

Temporomandibularjoint顛下頜關(guān)節(jié)

附肢骨骼的連結(jié)(JointsoftheappendicularSkeleton)

jointsofshouldergirdle上肢帶連結(jié)

coracoacromiallig.喙間韌帶

Coracoclavicularlig.喙鎖韌帶

Acromioclavicularjoint肩鎖關(guān)節(jié)

Sternoclavicularjoint胸鎖關(guān)節(jié)

Jointsoffreeupperlimb自由上肢連結(jié)

Shoulderjoint肩關(guān)節(jié)

Elbowjoint肘關(guān)節(jié)

Humeroulnarjoint肱尺關(guān)節(jié)

Humeroradialjoint肱機關(guān)節(jié)

Jointsofhand手關(guān)節(jié)

Radiocarpaljoint,wristjoint稅腕關(guān)節(jié)，腕關(guān)節(jié)

Intercarpaljoints腕骨間關(guān)節(jié)

Carpometacarpaljoints腕掌關(guān)節(jié)

Carpometacarpaljointofthumb拇指腕掌關(guān)節(jié)

Intermetacarpaljoints掌骨間關(guān)節(jié)

Metacarpophalangealjoints掌指關(guān)節(jié)

Interphalangealjointsofhand指骨間關(guān)節(jié)

Jointsofpelvicgirdle下肢帶連結(jié)

Pubicsymphysis恥骨聯(lián)合

Interpubicdisc恥骨間盤

Obturatormembrane閉孔膜

Sacroiliacjoints舐器關(guān)節(jié)

Sacrotuberouslig.IK結(jié)節(jié)韌帶

Greater(lesser)sciaticforamen坐骨大(小)孔

Pelvis骨盆

Terminalline界線

Greater(lesser)pelvis大小骨盆

Superior(posterior)pelvicaperture骨盆上下口

Pubicarch恥骨弓

Subpubicangle恥骨下角

Pelviccavity骨盆腔

Jointsoffreelowerlimb自由下肢連結(jié)

Hipjoint俄關(guān)節(jié)

Transverseacetabularlig.馥臼橫韌帶

Ligamentofheadoffemur股骨頭韌帶

Kneejoint膝關(guān)節(jié)

Medial(lateral)meniscus內(nèi)外側(cè)半月板

Transverselig.ofknee膝橫韌帶

Anteriorcruciatelig.前交叉韌帶

Posteriorcruciatelig.后交叉韌帶

Fibular(tibial)collaterallig.腓(脛)側(cè)副韌帶

Ligamentofpatella歌韌帶

Tibiofibularjoint脛腓關(guān)節(jié)

Tibiofibularsyndesmosis脛腓連結(jié)

Cruralinterosseousmembrane小腿骨間膜

Jointsoffoot足關(guān)節(jié)

talocruraljoint,anklejoint距小腿關(guān)節(jié)，踝關(guān)節(jié)

intertarsaljoints附骨間關(guān)節(jié)

subtalarjointtalocalcanealjoint距下關(guān)節(jié)，距跟關(guān)節(jié)

transversetarsaljoint跑橫關(guān)節(jié)

talocalcaneonavicularjoint距跟舟關(guān)節(jié)

tarsometatarsaljoint附跖關(guān)節(jié)

intermetatarsaljoints跖骨間關(guān)節(jié)

metatarsophalangealjoint跖趾關(guān)節(jié)

interphalangealjointsoffoot跖骨間關(guān)節(jié)

archoffoot,tarsometatarsalarch足弓，跑跖弓

medial(lateral)longitudinalarch內(nèi)（外）側(cè)縱弓

transversearch橫弓

肌學(xué)(mycology)

muscle(m.)肌肉

cardiacmuscle心肌

smoothmuscle平滑肌

skeletalmuscle骨骼肌

long(short,broad,flat)muscle長(短，闊，扁)肌

orbicularmuscle輪匝肌

sphincter括約肌

dilator,dilatator開大肌

venter(belly)肌腹

tendon腱

aponeurosis腱膜

origin起點，固定點

insertion止點，動點

accessory(subservient)structure輔助結(jié)構(gòu)

tendinoussheath腱鞘

synovialsheathoftendon滑膜腱鞘

fascia筋膜

superficial(deep)fascia淺（深）筋膜

synovialbursa滑膜囊

subcutaneoustissue(fat)皮下組織(脂肪)

軀干肌(MusclesofTrunk)

musclesofback背肌

trapeziusm.斜方肌

broadestm.ofback背闊肌

erectorspinalm.豎脊肌

musclesofneck頸肌

platysmam.頸闊肌

sternocleidomastoidm.胸鎖乳突肌

anterior(middle,posterior)scalenem.

前中后斜角肌

scalenefissure斜角肌

suprahyoidmuscles舌骨上肌群

infrahyoidmuscles舌骨下肌群

thoracicm.胸肌

greater(lesser)pectoralm.胸大（?。┘?/p>

anteriorserratusm.前鋸肌

thoracicproperm.胸固有肌

externalintercostalm.肋間外肌

internalintercostalm.肋間內(nèi)肌

external(internal)intercostals

membrane肋間夕卜（內(nèi)）膜

transversem.ofthorax胸橫肌

intimateintercostalm.肋間最內(nèi)肌

diaphragm膈

centraltendon中心腱

aortichiatus主動脈裂孔

esophagealhiatus食管裂孔

hiatusofvenacave腔靜裂孔

abdominalm.腹肌

abdominalrectusm.,straightm.of

abdomen腹直肌

sheathofrectusm.腹直肌鞘

external(internal)obliquem.ofabdomen腹外(內(nèi))斜肌

inguinallig.腹股溝韌帶

superficial(deep)inguinalring腹股溝淺環(huán)

transversem.ofabdomen腹橫肌

inguinalcanal腹股溝管

頭肌(MusclesofHead)

Facialm.面肌

epicranialm.顱頂肌

occipitofrontalm.枕額肌

frontal(occipital)belly額(枕)腹

epicranialaponeurosis,galeaaponeurotica帽狀腱膜

orbicuaalm.ofeye眼輪匝肌

orbicularm.ofmouth口輪匝肌

buccinator,buccinatorm.頰肌

masticatorym.咀嚼肌

masseterm.咬肌

上肢肌(MusclesofUpperLimb)

musclesofshouldergirdle上肢帶肌，肩帶

肌

deltoidm.三角肌

musclesofarm臂肌

brachialbiceps(triceps)m.肱二(三)頭肌

anconeusm.肘肌

roundpronatorm.旋前圓肌

radial(ulnar)flexorm.ofwrist槎(尺)側(cè)腕屈肌

longpalmarm.掌長肌

superficial(deep)fleaorm.offingers指淺(深)屈肌

longflexorm,ofthumb拇長屈肌

quadratepronatorm.brachioradialis旋前方肌

brachioradialm.,brachioradialis肱棱肌

long(short)radialextensorcarpalm.樓側(cè)腕長(短)伸肌

extensorm.offingers指伸肌

extensorm.oflesserfinger小指伸肌

ulnarextensorm.ofwrist尺側(cè)腕伸肌

supinatorm.旋后肌

longabductor(extensor)m.ofthumb拇長展(伸)肌

shortextensorm.ofthumb拇短伸肌

extensorm.ofindexfinger示指伸肌

musclesofhand手肌

shortabductor(flexor)m.ofthumb拇短展(屈)肌

opposingm.ofthumb拇對掌肌

abductor(opposing)m.oflittlefinger指展(對掌)肌

lumbrricalm.蚓狀肌

palmar(dorsal)interosseousm.骨間掌(背)側(cè)肌

下肢肌(musclesoflowerlimb)

musclesofhip髏肌

iliopsoasm.骼腰肌

iliacm.骼肌

greaterpsoasm.腰大肌

greatest(middle,least)glutealm.臀大(中，小)肌

tensorm.ofbroadfascia闊筋膜張肌

pririformm.梨狀肌

internalobturatorm.閉孔內(nèi)肌

externalobturatorm.閉孔外肌

quadratem.ofthigh股方肌

musclesofthigh大腿肌

sartoriusm.縫匠肌

quadricepsm.Ifthigh股四頭肌

pectinealm.恥骨肌

slenderm.gracilem股薄肌.

long(short)adductorm.長短收肌

greatadductorm.大收肌

bicepsm.ofthigh股二頭肌

semiterninousm.半腱肌

semimembranousm.半膜肌

musclesofleg小腿肌

anterior(posterior)tibialm.脛骨前后肌

longextensorm.ofdigits趾長伸肌

longestensorm.Ifgreattoe拇長彳申肌

long(short)peroneal腓骨長短肌

tricepsm.ofcalf小腿三頭肌

gastrocnemiusm.腓腸肌

soleusm.比目魚肌

tendonofheel跟腱

longflexorm.oftoe趾長伸肌

longflexorm.ofgreattoe拇長屈肌

musclesoffoot足肌

broadfascia闊筋膜

iliotibialtract器筋束

adductortendinousopening,adductorhiatus收肌腱裂孔

adductorcanal收肌管

muscularlacuna肌腔隙

iliopectinealarch骼恥弓

vascularlacuna血管腔隙

femoraltriangle(sheath)股三角(鞘)

femoralcanal(ring)股管(環(huán))

saphenoushiatus,oralfossa隱靜脈裂孔，卵圓窩

malleolarcanal踝管

digestivesystem,alimentarysystem消化系統(tǒng)

internalorgan,splanchna,viscera內(nèi)臟

splanchnology內(nèi)臟學(xué)

digestiveapparatus消化器

digestivecanal消化管

上消化道(SuperiorDigestiveTract)

mouth口

Oralcavity,mouthcavity口腔

Hard(soft)palate硬(軟)腭

Gum牙齦

Sublingualcaruncle舌下阜

Sublingualfold舌下裳

Papillaofparotidduct腮腺管乳頭

Oralglands口腔腺

Majorsalivaryglands大唾液腺

Sublingualgland舌下腺

Major(ininor)sublingualduct舌下腺大(小)管

Submandibulargland下頜下腺

Submandibularduct下頜下腺管

*Parotidgland腮腺

Parotidduct腮腺管

Tooth牙

Incisorteethincisor切牙

Lateral(second)incisor側(cè)切牙

Canineteeth尖牙

Premolorteeth前磨牙

motorteeth磨牙

*tongue,lingua舌

apex(dorsoum>root,body)oftongue舌

尖(背，根，體)

lingualmucousmembrane舌黏膜

frenulumoftongue舌系帶

papillaeoftongue,lingualpapillae舌乳頭

filiforinpapillae絲狀乳頭

fungiformpapillae菌狀乳頭

vallatepapillae輪廓乳頭

foliatepapillae葉狀乳頭

terminalsulcus界溝

foramencccunioftongue舌盲孔

musclesoftongue舌肌

genioglossusm領(lǐng)舌肌

*pharynx咽

isthmusoffauces,fauces咽峽

palatinevelum腭帆

palatineuvula,uvula腭垂，懸雍垂

palatoglossalarch腭舌弓

palatopharyngealarch腭咽弓

palatinetonsil腭扁桃體

tonsillarfossa扁桃體窩

cavity(fornix)ofpharynx咽腔

nasopharynx鼻咽

eustachiancushion,tubaltorus咽鼓管圓枕

tonsillarring扁桃體環(huán)

pharyngealrecess咽隱窩

oropharynx口咽

laryngopharynx喉咽

piriformrecess梨狀隱窩

*esophagus食管，食道

cervical(thoracic,abdominal)partofesophagus食管頸（胸，腹）部

*stomach胃

greatercurvatureofstomach胃大彎

lessercurvatureofstomach胃〃、彎

angular(gastric)notch角切跡

cardia,cardiacorifice賁門

cardiacpart賁門部

fundus(body)ofstomach胃底

cardiacnotch(incisure)賁門切跡

pylorus,pyloricorifice幽門

pyloricpart(canal,antrum)幽門部(管，竇)

*smallintestine小腸

solitarylymphaticfollicles孤立淋巴濾泡

aggregatedlymphaticfollicles集合淋巴濾

泡

*duodenum十二指腸

ampulla,duodenalbulb十二指腸球

major(minor)duodenalpapilla十二指腸大(小)乳頭

duodinojejunalflexure十二指腸空腸曲

suspensorym.ofduodenum十二指腸懸肌

下消化道(InferiorDigestiveTract)

*jejunum空腸

*ileum回腸

*largeintestine大腸

c(a)ecun)盲腸

ileocecalvalve(orifice)回盲(瓣)口

*vermix,vermiformappendix闌尾

*colon結(jié)腸

ascending(transverse,descending)colon升橫，降)結(jié)腸

rightcolicflexure,hepaticflexure結(jié)腸右曲，肝曲

leftcolicflexure,splenicflexure結(jié)腸左曲，脾曲

sigmoidcolon乙狀結(jié)腸

haustraofcolon結(jié)腸袋

coliclig結(jié)腸帶

epiploicappendices腸脂垂

*rectum直腸

sacral(perineal)flexure舐(會陰)曲

analcanaKcolumn,sinus,valves肛管(柱，

竇，瓣)

anorectalline肛直腸線

dentateline,anocutaneousline齒狀線，肛

皮線

analpecten,hemorrhoidalring肛梳

anus肛門

internalsphincterm.ofanus肛內(nèi)括約肌

消化腺(DigestiveGlands)

*liver肝

diaphragmaticsurface膈面

visceralsurface臟面

sulcusforvenacava腔靜脈溝

fossaforgallbladder膽囊窩

roundlig.ofliver肝圓韌帶

venousiig.(duct)靜脈韌帶

doorofliver肝門

hepaticpedicle肝蒂

left(right)lobe左(右)葉

quadrate(caudate)lobe方(尾狀)葉

bileduct膽管

extrahepaticduct肝外膽道

commonhepaticduct肝總管

left(right)hepaticduct肝左右管

*gallbladder膽囊

fundus(body,neck)ofgallbladder膽囊底

(體,頸)

cysticduct膽囊管

commonbileduct膽總l管

hepatopancreaticampulla肝胰壺腹

sphincterm.ofhepatopancreaticampulla肝胰壺腹括約肌

*pancreas胰

uncinateprocess鉤突

head(body,tail)ofpancreas胰頭(體，尾)

pancreaticduct胰管

accessarypancreaticduct副胰管

呼吸系統(tǒng)(RespiratorySystem)

respiratoryapparatus(organ)呼吸器

superior(inferior)respiratorytract上(下)呼吸道

nose鼻

externalnose夕卜鼻

root(back,apex,wing)ofnose鼻根(背，

尖，翼)

nasolabialgroove鼻唇溝

nasalcartilage鼻軟骨

naris(pl.nares)鼻孔

posteriornasalapertures,choanae鼻后孔

nasalseptum鼻中隔

nasalvestibule鼻前庭

propernasalcavity固有鼻腔

sphenoethmoidalrecess蝶篩隱窩

superior(middle,inferior)meatusofnose上(中，下)鼻道

*paranasalsinuses鼻旁竇

maxillarysinus上頜竇

sphenoidal(frontal,ethnioidal)sinus蝶(額，篩)竇

*larynx喉

laryngealcartilages喉軟骨

thyroidcartilage甲狀軟骨

cricoidcartilage環(huán)狀軟骨

arytenoidcartilage勺狀軟骨

epiglotticcartilage會厭軟骨

laryngealm.喉肌

cricothyroidm.環(huán)甲肌

laryngealcavity喉腔

laryngealaperture喉口

epiglottis會厭

vestibuleoflarynx喉前庭

vestibularfold(slit)前庭嬖(裂)

intermediatecavityoflarynx喉中間腔

ventricleoflarynx喉室

glottis聲門

slitofglottis聲門裂

vocalfold聲帶，聲襄

infraglotticcavity聲門下腔

elasticcone彈性圓錐

cricothyroidmembrane環(huán)甲膜

vocallig,聲韌帶

*trachea氣管

ccrvial(thoracic)part頸(胸)部

trachealcartilages氣管軟骨

bifurcationoftrachea氣管杈

carinaoftrachea氣管隆崎

bronchus(pl.bronchi)支氣管

left(right)principalbronchus左(右)主支氣管

lobarbronchi肺葉支氣管

segmentalbronchi肺段支氣管

*lung肺

apex(base)ofhmg肺尖(底)

costal(medial,diaphragmatic)surface(內(nèi)側(cè)，膈)面

cardiacnotchofleftlung左肺心切跡

lingulaofleftlung左肺小舌

hilus(root)oflung肺根(門)

obliquefissure斜裂

horizontaldissureofrightlung右肺水平裂

bronchopulmonarysehments支氣管月市段

superior(middle,inferior)lobe上(中，下)葉

thoracic(pleural)cavity胸(胸膜)腔

pleura胸膜

cupulaofpleura,cervicalpleura胸膜頂

visceral(parietal)pleura臟(壁)胸膜

mediastinal(costal,diaphragmatic)pleura縱隔(肋，膈)胸膜

pleuralrecesses胸膜隱窩

costomediastinalrecess肋縱隔隱窩

Mediastinum縱隔

Superior(inferior)mediastinum上(下)縱隔

Anterior(middle,posterior)mediastinum前(中，后)縱隔

urogenitalsystem泌尿生殖系統(tǒng)

urinaryorgans泌尿器

*kidney腎

renalhilus(sinus*pedicle)腎門(竇，蒂)

renalfascia腎筋膜

fatly(adipose)capsule月旨肪囊

Hbrouscapsule纖維囊

renalcortex(medulla)腎皮(髓)質(zhì)

renalpyramid腎錐體

renalpapilla腎乳頭

papillaryforamen乳頭孔

renalcolumns(pelvis)腎柱(盂)

renalcalices腎盞

major(minor)renalcalices腎大(小)盞

*ureter輸尿管

*bladder,urinarybladder膀胱

apex(body,fundus,neck)ofbladder膀胱尖(體，底，頸)

trigoneofbladder,vesica)trigone膀胱三角

interuretericridge輸尿管間嬖

orificeofureter輸尿管口

internalurethralorifice尿道內(nèi)口

femaleurethra女尿道

*生殖系統(tǒng)(ReproductiveSystem)

reproductivesystem,genitalsystem生殖系統(tǒng)

male(female)geni(alorgans男女性生殖器

internal(external)genitalorgans內(nèi)(外)生殖器

男性生殖器(MaleGenitalOrgans)

testicle,testis睪丸

*epididymis附睪

deferential(spermatic)duct輸精管

ejaculatoryduct射精管

seminalvesicle精囊精囊腺

spermaticcord精索

cremastericm.提睪肌

prostate前列腺

apex(base,body,sulcus)ofprostate前列腺尖(底，體，溝)

bulbourethralgland尿道球腺

penis陰莖

prepuceofpenis陰莖包皮

bulbofurethra尿道球

maleurethra男尿道

prostaticpart前列腺部

seminalcolliculus精阜

membranouspart膜部

subpubiccurvature恥骨下彎

prepubiccurvature恥骨前彎

scrotum陰囊

dartoscoat,dartos肉膜

女性生殖器（femaleGenitalOrgans）

*ovary卵巢

*uterinetube,oviduct輸卵管

*Womb,uterus子宮

Fundusofuterus子宮底（體）

Isthmrsofuterus子宮峽（角）

Neckofuterus,cervix子宮頸

Orifice（cavity）ofuterus子宮口（腔）

Canalofcervixofuterus子宮頸管

Round（broad）lig.Ofuterus子宮圓（闊）韌帶

Cardinallig.Ofuterus子宮主韌帶

Sacroluterinelig.舐子宮韌帶

Vagina陰道

Femalepudendum,vulva女陰

Monspubis陰阜

Greater(lesser)lipofpudendum大(小)陰唇

Vaginalvestibule陰道前庭

Vaginalorifice陰道口

乳房，會陰(Mammaandperineum)

Mamma(pl.mammae),breast乳頭

Mammarygland乳腺

Perineum會陰

Pelvicdiaphragm盆膈

Urogenitaldiaphragm尿生殖膈

Sphincterm.ofurethra尿道括約肌

腹膜(Peritoneum)

Parietai(visceral)peritoneum壁(臟)腹膜

Abdominalcavity腹腔

Peritonealcavity,greatersac腹膜腔，大囊

Omentabursa,lessersac網(wǎng)膜囊，小囊

Omentalforamen,epiploicforamen網(wǎng)膜孔

Mesentery腸系膜

Lesseromentum小網(wǎng)膜

Inguinaltrigone腹股溝三角

rectouterinepouch直腸子宮陷凹

vesicouterinepouch膀胱子宮陷凹

rectovesicalpouch直腸膀胱陷凹

*內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng)(Endocrinesystem)

endocrineglands內(nèi)分泌腺

*thyroidgland甲狀腺

*parathyroidgland甲狀旁腺

inferiorparathyroidgland下甲狀旁腺

*hypophysis,pituitarygland,pituitarybody垂體

pinealbody松果體

*suprarenalgland腎上腺

thymus胸腺

脈管系統(tǒng)(Vascularsystem)

vascularsystem,angiologicalsystem脈管系統(tǒng)

angiology脈管學(xué)

circulatorysystem循環(huán)系統(tǒng)

cardiovascularsystem心血管系統(tǒng)

*heart心

blood血液

vessel管，脈管

bloodvessel血管

arteriole小動脈

arteriolovenularanastomsis小靜脈

vein(v.)靜脈

cutaneousv.皮靜脈

superficial(deep)v.淺(深)靜脈

accompanyingv.伴行動脈

venule小靜脈

venousvalve靜脈瓣

venousplexus(rete)靜脈從(網(wǎng))

capillary毛細(xì)管

心血管系統(tǒng)(Cardiovascularsystem)

systemiccirculation,greatercirculation體循環(huán)，大循環(huán)

pulmonary(lesser)circulation肺循環(huán)，小循環(huán)

fetalcirculation胎血循環(huán)

心(heart)

cardiacapex(bace)心尖(底)

cardiacapicalincisure心尖切跡

sternocostal(diaphragmatic)surface胸肋(膈)面

pulmonarysurface肺面

rightborder右緣

leftborder,obtusemargin左緣，鈍緣

inferiorborder,acutemargin下緣，銳緣

anterior(posterior)interventriculargroove前(后)室間溝

coronarysulcus冠狀溝

atrioventricularjunction房室交點

atrioventricularseptum房室膈

*cardiacventricle心室

interventricularseptum室間隔

muscular(membranous)part肌(膜)部

*cardiacatrium心'房

left(right)auricleofheart左(右)心耳

interatrial(interauricular)septum房間膈

left(right)atrioventricularorifice左(右)房室口

cardiacm.心肌

pectinatem.梳狀肌

carbeoustrabeculae肉柱

papillarym.乳頭肌

tendinouscord犍索

fibrousskeleton纖維支架

leftfibroustrigone左纖維三角架

rightfibroustrigone,centralfibrousbody左纖維三角

left(right)fibrousring左(右)纖維環(huán)

endocardium心內(nèi)膜

rightatrium右心房

limitingsulcus,terminalgroove界溝

terminalcrest界崎

sinusofvenacava腔靜脈竇

ovalfossa(foramen)卵圓孔

borderofovalofossa卵圓窩緣

orificeofsuperior上(下)腔靜脈口

valveofinferiorvenacava下腔靜脈瓣

orifice(valve)ofcoronarysinus冠狀竇口

rightventricle右心室

rightatrioventricularvalve,tricuspidvalve右房室瓣

supraventricularcrest室上崎

arterialcone動脈圓錐

pulmonaryorifice