電動(dòng)汽車動(dòng)力電池?zé)峁芾砑夹g(shù)-中科院理化所

20162016年新能源汽車空調(diào)系統(tǒng)發(fā)展創(chuàng)新論壇技術(shù)難題低碳環(huán)保技術(shù)難題低碳環(huán)保范圍是25~40℃,合理的溫度是不高?），?相變材料相變材料制冷劑—→InsightPriusInsightPrius雪佛蘭VOLT雪佛蘭VOLTAudiA3背景—電池?zé)峁芾砑夹g(shù)現(xiàn)狀—制冷劑BEHRJarrett&KimQueen’sUn.CAHeattransferplateBatteryLiquidboxLshapeHeatpipeCoolantL型銅水5放電狀態(tài)放電電流放電電流單體電池發(fā)熱0.2C+0.410.4C6.6+1.35+3.78+11.9249.5+24.42最大持續(xù)放電+41.2782.5+62.48最大瞬間放電+88.04動(dòng)態(tài)循環(huán)方案示意圖u方案1，6C發(fā)熱功率高達(dá)88.04W，但時(shí)間只有短短的10s，總發(fā)熱量并不大；u經(jīng)過900s最大持續(xù)放電工況后溫度達(dá)到最高值63℃;翅片型峰值下降了近6℃;u充電工況，電池發(fā)熱量顯著降低，至充電完畢時(shí)溫度下降到接近35℃;u方案2，電池發(fā)熱功率小，放電終了的溫度在41℃左右，充電過程中，溫度下降到35度左u試驗(yàn)時(shí)每組循環(huán)中電池產(chǎn)生的熱量都能被熱管帶走，達(dá)到很好地?zé)峁芾硇Ч?。熱管在低溫環(huán)境（-15℃和-25℃)中持續(xù)14～16小時(shí)的狀態(tài)，并給出了加熱被“喚不帶翅片帶翅片uu采用溫度為40℃的加熱介質(zhì)，其預(yù)熱所需時(shí)間比采用20℃的要快很多，達(dá)到所考察的溫度點(diǎn)的u增加翅片后電池預(yù)熱時(shí)間大大縮短，約1/4—1/3時(shí)間，加熱介質(zhì)溫度低（20℃)時(shí)效果更明顯。時(shí)的平均溫度有所降低，但I(xiàn)I&III差TPPTTPPdvTdddTTTT:FanevaporatorCondenserPTCPTTPTPTPTmTPPTTPPdvTdddTTTT:FanevaporatorCondenserPTCPTTPTPTPTmPm P TTPm P TTTTPTTTPTPTTTPTvv>FanOutsideheatexchangerheatexchanger(forBattery)>dddTTTv>FanOutsideheatexchangerheatexchanger(forBattery)>dddTTTvTTdd1234560000冷卻環(huán)路的增加，壓縮..,,0HeatQ/WQg-Generatedheatbybatteries4035302520HeatQ/WQg-Generatedheatbybatteries403530252050Qbi–BatteriesinternalheatvariationQt-TransferedheatbyHPHE2502000InternalheatvariatiInternalheatvariationofbatterygroup0300600900120015001800 PumpQc-coolingheatbybatterychillerQci–CoolantinternalheatvariationtureerageteTemperaturedifference0300600900120015001800Timet/s- qhp0300600900120015001800Timet/s- qhpHeattransferperformanceHeattransferperformanceperheatpipeqhp/W/℃tpcaq0.80.60.40.2q00300600900120015001800Timet/s▲▲TemperatureT/℃CtemperatureBtemperaturemperaturedieTemperatureT/℃CtemperatureBtemperaturemperaturedie45404540353025205045402520504540252050CoomperatureBatteryaveragetemperatureperaturedifference03006009000300600900lantaveragetemperatureBatteryaveragetrence03006009001200Timet/s504535302520045404540252050temperatureTemperatemperatureTemperaCoolantaverageBatteryaverageter0300600900120015001800Timet/sTemperatureTemperatureT/℃45403530252050Corteryaverperaturee0300600900120015001800Timet/speratureTatteryaverageperature030060090012001500180045℃/33%45℃/60%Heattransferperformanceofeachheatpipeqhp/W/℃Heattransferperformanceofeachheatpipeqhp/W/℃03006009001200ofofeachtransfertransferperformanceheatpipeqhp/W/℃10.80.60.4Heat0.2Heat0——45——45 o45—u—45030060090012001500aab//▲/qHeatHeattransfercapacityperheatpipeqhp/W/℃ heatpipeqhp/W/℃Preheatingmode03006009001200Timet/s5040TemperatureTemperatureT/℃200-10-20-30Preheatedbyrygeneratesheat0,"3001200nwuo"u".Coolantaverag