江蘇省泰州市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題 含解析

2024~2025學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高二期末調(diào)研測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題(考試時(shí)間：120分鐘總分：150分)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考試號(hào)等填寫(xiě)在答題卡指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.What’sthemantryingtobuy?A.Asofa.B.Atable.C.Achair.2.Whatisthemanprobablydoingforthewoman?A.Helpingherwiththeresearch.B.Updatinghercomputer.C.Fixingherphone.3.Whydoesthemanmainlyexercise?A.Towinacompetition.B.Tokeepingreatshape.C.Totrainsomeathletes.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Reading.B.Careerchoices.C.Schoolclasses.5.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Caremoreaboutothergroupmembers.B.Havemoreconversationswithher.C.Paymoreattentiontoherideas.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whereisthewomannow?A.Atashoeshop.B.AtSue’sparty.C.Athome.7.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Findaplacetopark.B.Drivetotheparty.C.Callataxi.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhatdothespeakersthinkofMatt?A.Hedoesn’tpaymuchattentiontoservices.B.Heisaniceandcleverbusinessman.C.Heiskindtoofferfreefood.9.Howmuchwillthewomanpayforhermealtonight?A.$10.B.$15.C.$20.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Coachandteammember.C.Assistantcoachandpossiblenewplayer.11.Whichschoolyearisthemanin?A.Thefirstyearofhighschool.B.Thelastyearofhighschool.C.Thefirstyearofuniversity.12.WhatisDanaofferingtheman?A.Achancetotrainprofessionally.B.Freeeducationinhighschool.C.Anagreementwithherfootballteam聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13全16題。13.WhichcountryisSamanthafrom?A.ColombiaB.TheU.S.C.Spain.14.HowwillSamanthaprobablylearnhernewlanguageskills?A.Bytravelingaroundtheworld.B.Bytakingweekendclasses.C.BypracticingwithPablo’sfamily.15.WhatwillSamantha’sdutiesmainlybe?A.Cookingandcleaning.B.Takingcareofthekids.C.Teachingthekidsahewlanguage.16.Whereistheconversationprobablytakingplace?A.AtPablo’shome.B.Inacar.C.Attheairport.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Wherecanthetalkbefound?A.Inamagazine.B.Onawebsite.C.inahotelbrochure.18.InwhichcitywasI.M.Peimostprobablyraised?A.Suzhou.B.Beijing.C.Shanghai.19.Whatisthespeaker’sfavoritebuilding?A.Acityhallbuilding.B.Abank’sofficebuilding.C.Aglassbuildinginamuseum.20.WhydoesthespeakerwriteaboutI.M.Pei?A.Towritedownhislongestrecordofhumanlife.B.Tohonorhislifeandimpactsafterhepassedaway.C.Toadmirehiscontributionsoninternationalrelations.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分42.5分)第一節(jié)(共12小題；每小題2.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWithafatherwhoisachemistandamotherwhoisabiologistitseemednaturalforKelydratolearnhowtheworldworkedbydoingscienceexperiments.Kelydrawas15whenthebreakingnewscamethatachemicalcalledC8inhertown’swatersupplymightcausecancer.Kelydrawonderedwhatshecoulddotohelp.Likeanygoodscientist,shestartedbyresearchingtheproblem.WhatexactlywasC8?ShefoundoutthatC8,alsoknownasAPFO,isachemicalwithachainofeightcarbonatoms.Thischemicalhasshownupnotonlyindrinkingwaterbutalsointhebodiesofpeopleandanimals.Howmuchofthischemicalwasinthewatersupply?Infact,nobodyevenknewofaninexpensive,reliabletestthatcouldmeasuretheamountofAPFOinwater.SoKelydradecidedtoinventone.KelydralearnedthatwhenyoushakewatercontaminatedwithhighamountsofAPFO,thewatergetsfoamy(起泡沫的).ThemoreAPFOinthewater,themorefoamtherewillbe.Inthiswayshecouldcalculatethelevelofpollutantsoftheoriginalriverwatersample.Butshewantedtoknowmorethanthat.SoshestartedworkingonawaytoremoveAPFOfromthewater.Shefinallysucceededbyusingadevice,consistingofadrycellbatteryandtwoelectrodes(電極).Kelydradippedtheelectrodesinthewater.Then,inaspecificprocess,oneoftheelectrodesbecameanelectricallychargedtoolthatattractedtheAPFOinthewater.Kelydracouldthenremovetheelectrode,washitoff,andputitbackinthewatertodrawoutmoreofthechemical.Kelydrathenaddedanotheringredienttothewater:activatedcarbonwhichlookslikegrainsofblacksandandisusedinwaterfilters.Thecarbonfiltered(過(guò)濾)outevenmoreoftheAPFO.Kelydrarepeatedtheelectrosorptionandcarbon-filteringprocessuntilthewaterwascompletelyfreeofAPFO—andsafetodrink.1.WhatinspiredKelydratosolvetheproblem?A.Herextensiveknowledgeinchemistry.B.Herdeepconcernforthelocals’health.C.Hergreatpassionfordoingexperiments.D.Herfirmdesiretofollowherparents’path.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contaminated”inParagraph3mean?A.Cleaned. B.Polluted. C.Heated. D.Identified.3.WhydidKelydraaddactivatedcarbontothewater?A.Topurifythewater. B.Toremovethefoam.C.Tofilterthecarbon. D.Tochargetheelectrodes.4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesKelydra?A.Curiousandadventurous. B.Confidentandcheerful.C.Conservativeandcourageous. D.Innovativeandcommitted.【答案】1.B2.B3.A4.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了15歲女孩Kelydra發(fā)明了一種方法，可以去除水中有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)C8?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Kelydrawas15whenthebreakingnewscamethatachemicalcalledC8inhertown’swatersupplymightcausecancer.Kelydrawonderedwhatshecoulddotohelp.(Kelydra15歲時(shí)，一則爆炸性新聞傳開(kāi)：她鎮(zhèn)上供水系統(tǒng)中一種叫做C8的化學(xué)物質(zhì)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致癌癥。Kelydra想知道她能做些什么來(lái)幫忙)”可推測(cè)出，Kelydra非常關(guān)心當(dāng)?shù)厝说慕】?，所以才想要解決C8的問(wèn)題。故選B。【2題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中的“achemicalcalledC8inhertown’swatersupplymightcausecancer(一種叫做C8的化學(xué)物質(zhì)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致癌癥)”和第二段中的“C8,alsoknownasAPFO(C8，也被稱為APFO)”可知，C8就是APFO，這是一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)，可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致癌癥，再結(jié)合畫(huà)線詞所在句中的“youshakewatercontaminatedwithhighamountsofAPFO”可推測(cè)出，這里指的是被大量APFO污染的水，contaminate意為“污染”，與pollute意思一致。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Kelydrathenaddedanotheringredienttothewater:activatedcarbonwhichlookslikegrainsofblacksandandisusedinwaterfilters.Thecarbonfiltered(過(guò)濾)outevenmoreoftheAPFO.(Kelydra隨后在水中添加了另一種成分：活性炭，它看起來(lái)像黑沙粒，用于水過(guò)濾器。碳過(guò)濾掉了更多的APFO)”可知，活性炭用于水過(guò)濾器，它過(guò)濾掉了更多的APFO。由此可推測(cè)出，Kelydra添加活性炭是為了凈化水質(zhì)。故選A。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“SoKelydradecidedtoinventone.(所以Kelydra決定發(fā)明一個(gè))”并結(jié)合下文Kelydra發(fā)明了凈化水質(zhì)的方法可知，Kelydra富有創(chuàng)造性。根據(jù)第二至最后一段內(nèi)容可知，Kelydra通過(guò)科學(xué)研究，了解了C8的情況，并決定發(fā)明一種方法來(lái)測(cè)試水中APFO的數(shù)量，然后找方法來(lái)去除水中的APFO，由此可推測(cè)出，Kelydra是一個(gè)做事堅(jiān)定的人。故選D。BChina’sChang’e-6missioncollected1,935.3gramsofsamplesfromthefarsideofthemoon,theChinaNationalSpaceAdministration(CNSA)announcedonJune28.China’sChang’e-6probecomprisesanorbiter,alander,anascenderandareturner.TheprobewaslaunchedonMay3,enteringitscircumlunarorbitonMay8.Thelander-ascendercombinationseparatedfromtheorbiter-teturnercombinationonMay30andthensuccessfullylandedatthedesignated(指定的)landingareaonthefarsideofthemoononJune2.ThespacecraftcollectedsamplesandtheascendercarryingthesamplesliftedofffromlunarsurfaceonJune4,dockedwiththeorbiter-returnercombinationinlunarorbit,andtransferredthesamplestothereturneronJune6.Afterseparatingfromtheorbiter,thereturnerofChang’e-6returnedtoEarthonJune25,bringingbacktheworld’sfirstsamplescollectedfromthemoon’sfarside,markingacompletesuccessforthemission.ThesamplesbroughtbackbyChang’e-6werestickiercomparedtoprevioussamples,withthepresenceofclumps(塊).Theseareobservablecharacteristics.Previously,significantscientificachievementshavebeenmadethroughin-depthresearchonhelunarsamplesbroughtbackbytheChang’e-5mission.Researchershavepublishedmorethan80achievementsinimportantdomesticandinternationaljournals,includingthediscoveryofthenewlunarmineralChangesite-(Y),thesixthdiscoveredonthemoon,andthe“youngest”basalt(玄武巖)onthemoon,whichwasdeterminedtobeabouttwobillionyearsoldandextendedthe“l(fā)ife”oflunarvolcanism800-900millionyearslongerthanpreviouslyknown.BasedonthelunarsamplemanagementrulesreleasedbytheCNSAandtheexperienceindealingwiththeapplicationsforlunarsamplescollectedbytheChang’e-5mission,applicationsfortheChang’e-6samplesareexpectedtoopentodomesticresearchinstitutionsandscientistssoon.ToshareChina’slunarexplorationachievementswiththeinternationalcommunity,Chinawelcomesscientistsfromallcountriestosubmitapplicationsaccordingtorelevantprocedures.5.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Theachievementsinspaceexploration. B.ThedesignofChina’sChang’e-6probe.C.TheprocessofChina’sChang’e-6mission. D.Thesignificanceofcollectinglunarsamples.6.Whatachievementshavebeenmadeintheresearchonlunarsamples?A.MorenewmineralshavebeenfoundinChang’e-6samples.B.Changesite(Y)isthefirstmineraldiscoveredonthemoon.C.Lunarvolcanismisdeterminedtobe800-900millionyearsold.D.Itoffersvaluableinsightsintothemoon’searlygeologicalhistory.7.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Lunarsamplemanagementruleshavenotbeenreleased.B.TheChang’e-6samplesareaccessibletoscientistsworldwidefreely.C.Chang’e-6sampleshavebeengiventodomesticresearchinstitutions.D.Chinaiscommittedtoadvancinginternationalcooperationinlunarresearch.8.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Ablogpost. B.Afictionalstory. C.Anewsreport. D.Anacademicarticle.【答案】5.C6.D7.D8.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)嫦娥六號(hào)任務(wù)的過(guò)程以及帶回的月球樣本的價(jià)值?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“China’sChang’e-6probecomprisesanorbiter,alander,anascenderandareturner.TheprobewaslaunchedonMay3,enteringitscircumlunarorbitonMay8.Thelander-ascendercombinationseparatedfromtheorbiter-teturnercombinationonMay30andthensuccessfullylandedatthedesignated(指定的)landingareaonthefarsideofthemoononJune2.ThespacecraftcollectedsamplesandtheascendercarryingthesamplesliftedofffromlunarsurfaceonJune4,dockedwiththeorbiter-returnercombinationinlunarorbit,andtransferredthesamplestothereturneronJune6.Afterseparatingfromtheorbiter,thereturnerofChang’e-6returnedtoEarthonJune25,bringingbacktheworld’sfirstsamplescollectedfromthemoon’sfarside,markingacompletesuccessforthemission.(中國(guó)的嫦娥六號(hào)探測(cè)器由軌道飛行器、著陸器、上升器和返回器組成。該探測(cè)器于5月3日發(fā)射，5月8日進(jìn)入繞月軌道。著陸器-上升器組合于5月30日與軌道器-探測(cè)器組合分離，并于6月2日成功降落在月球背面的指定著陸點(diǎn)。6月4日，“嫦娥四號(hào)”采集了月球表面的樣本，攜帶樣本的上升器從月球表面升空，與軌道飛行器-返回器組合對(duì)接，并于6月6日將樣本轉(zhuǎn)移至返回器。6月25日，嫦娥六號(hào)返回器與軌道飛行器分離后返回地球，帶回了世界上第一個(gè)從月球背面采集的樣本，標(biāo)志著嫦娥六號(hào)任務(wù)的圓滿成功)”可知，第二段主要講了中國(guó)嫦娥六號(hào)任務(wù)的過(guò)程。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Researchershavepublishedmorethan80achievementsinimportantdomesticandinternationaljournals,includingthediscoveryofthenewlunarmineralChangesite(Y),thesixthdiscoveredonthemoon,andthe“youngest”basalt(玄武巖)onthemoon,whichwasdeterminedtobeabouttwobillionyearsoldandextendedthe“l(fā)ife”oflunarvolcanism800-900millionyearslongerthanpreviouslyknown.(研究人員在國(guó)內(nèi)外重要期刊上發(fā)表了80多項(xiàng)成果，其中包括發(fā)現(xiàn)了月球上第6個(gè)新發(fā)現(xiàn)的月球礦物長(zhǎng)葉巖(Y)，以及月球上“最年輕”的玄武巖，確定其年齡約為20億年，使月球火山活動(dòng)的“壽命”比以前已知的延長(zhǎng)了8到9億年)”可知，月球樣本研究提供了對(duì)月球早期地質(zhì)歷史的寶貴見(jiàn)解。故選D。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ToshareChina’slunarexplorationachievementswiththeinternationalcommunity,Chinawelcomesscientistsfromallcountriestosubmitapplicationsaccordingtorelevantprocedures.(為與國(guó)際社會(huì)分享中國(guó)的探月成果，中方歡迎各國(guó)科學(xué)家按照有關(guān)程序提出申請(qǐng))”可知，中國(guó)致力于推進(jìn)月球研究國(guó)際合作。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“China’sChang’e-6missioncollected1,935.3gramsofsamplesfromthefarsideofthemoon,theChinaNationalSpaceAdministration(CNSA)announcedonJune28.(6月28日，中國(guó)國(guó)家航天局（CNSA）宣布，中國(guó)的嫦娥六號(hào)任務(wù)從月球背面收集了1,935.3克樣本)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了中國(guó)嫦娥六號(hào)任務(wù)的過(guò)程以及帶回的月球樣本的價(jià)值?？芍恼逻x自新聞報(bào)道。故選C。CKeepingupwiththelatestadvancesintechnology—particularlyAIandgenerativeAI(GenAI)—canbetough,evenfortechenthusiasts,butonenewdevelopmentfromOpenAIearlierthisyearreallycaughtourattention.ThecompanyintroducedanewversionofitsChatGPTchatbot—GPT-4—withanewfemale-soundingvoice.Theaccompanyinglaunchvideoshowcasedthemodel’sabilitytoassistuserswithtaskslikesolvingmathsproblemsandofferingpresentationtipswhilemaintainingafriendlyandcheerfultone.ThereisnodenyingthatAIdoeshelpeducatorsinmanyways.However,whenwegivehumancharacteristicstoAIwewillsoonrunintotroublingissues.Asisfeared,evidencehasnowstartedtoemergethatsomeyoungpeopleareshowingadesiretobefriendthesechatbots,goingtothemforadviceandemotionalsupport.TheseAItoolscanimitatehuman-likeconversations,buttheiroutputsarebasedonpatternsanddata.AnotherwidelypublicizeduseofGenAIisitsabilitytocreate“deepfakes”.Take,forexample,thecaseofonepersonarrestedforcreatingadeepfakeaudioclipofhisbossmakingruderemarks.TherecordingwentviralbeforeanyonerealizedthatAIhadbeenusedtogenerateit.Easy-to-usedeepfaketoolsarenowfreelyavailableand,incommonwithothervisualtoolsofthepast,canbeusedinappropriatelytocausedamageorevenbreakthelaw.Technologicaldevelopmentscausingunforeseennegativeconsequencesarenothingnew.Asaresult,educationhasanessentialroletoplayinhelpingpeoplebetterunderstandAItechnologiesandavoidrelateddangers.Oneapproachistonotfocuspurelyonthosethreatsanddangers,buttoteachyoungpeoplehowtobecriticalusersoftechnologies.PossessinganunderstandingofhowthosetechnologiesworkgoesalongwaytowardsachievingtheAI-relatedskillsneededtomakeinformedchoices.9.Whatistheconcernaboutyoungpeople’schatbotinteractions?A.Maintenanceofanemotionaltone.B.Imitationofhuman-likeconversations.C.Attachmenttothemforemotionalsupport.D.Relianceonthemformathsproblem-solving.10.Whydoestheauthormention“deepfakes”inParagraph3?A.ToillustratetheapplicationofAI.B.TocompareAIwithpastvisualtools.C.ToshowconcernforthemisuseofAI.D.TowarnagainsttheinflexibilityofAI.11.WhatcanbedonetohelppeopleavoidAI-relateddangers?A.PromotingthebenefitsofAItools.B.Assistinginmakinginformedchoices.C.EmphasizingthethreateningaspectsofAID.DirectingthecriticaluseofAItechnologies.12.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardAItechnologies?A.Negative. B.Favourable. C.Objective. D.Unclear.【答案】9.C10.C11.D12.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇議論文。文章講述OpenAI推出新ChatGPT引關(guān)注，AI雖有益但被賦予人性存隱患，教育應(yīng)引導(dǎo)人們正確對(duì)待?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Asisfeared,evidencehasnowstartedtoemergethatsomeyoungpeopleareshowingadesiretobefriendthesechatbots,goingtothemforadviceandemotionalsupport.(正如人們所擔(dān)心，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)開(kāi)始有證據(jù)表明，一些年輕人表現(xiàn)出與這些聊天機(jī)器人交朋友的愿望，向它們尋求建議和情感支持。)”可知，年輕人與聊天機(jī)器人互動(dòng)的問(wèn)題在于他們依賴聊天機(jī)器人獲取情感支持。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Easy-to-usedeep-faketoolsarenowfreelyavailableand,incommonwithothervisualtoolsofthepast,canbeusedinappropriatelytocausedamageorevenbreakthelaw.(現(xiàn)在很容易就能獲得易于使用的深度偽造工具，和過(guò)去的其他視覺(jué)工具一樣，它們可能會(huì)被不當(dāng)使用，從而造成損害甚至違法。)”可知，作者提到“深度偽造”是為了表明對(duì)人工智能被濫用的擔(dān)憂。故選C項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Oneapproachistonotfocuspurelyonthosethreatsanddangers,buttoteachyoungpeoplehowtobecriticalusersoftechnologies.(一種方法是不要純粹關(guān)注那些威脅和危險(xiǎn)，而是教年輕人如何批判性地使用技術(shù)。)”可知，幫助人們避免人工智能相關(guān)危險(xiǎn)的方法是指導(dǎo)人們批判性地使用人工智能技術(shù)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“ThereisnodenyingthatAIdoeshelpeducatorsinmanyways.However,whenwegivehumancharacteristicstoAIwewillsoonrunintotroublingissues.(不可否認(rèn)，人工智能在很多方面確實(shí)幫助了教育工作者。然而，當(dāng)我們賦予人工智能人類特征時(shí)，很快就會(huì)遇到麻煩的問(wèn)題。)”可知，作者既承認(rèn)人工智能有幫助的一面，也指出其存在問(wèn)題，所以作者對(duì)人工智能技術(shù)的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Onabusyworkday,yourlunchhourisacrucialopportunitytorechargeandsetapositivetonefortherestofyourday.Herearesomestrategiestomakethemostofthistime.GetmovingAbrief10-minuteworkoutcanmakeyouenergetic._____13_____.Forexamplestepoutsideandtakeawalkaroundtheblock,orwalktoyoursandwichinsteadofdrivingcars.Thislightexercisenotonlystretchesyourlegsandgetsyoureyesoffscreens,butalsoboostsyourmoodwithendorphins(內(nèi)啡肽).Playcatchup_____14_____Sometimescatchingupwithanoldfriendorfamilymembercanbrightenyourdayandupliftyourspirits,providingarefreshingbreakfromwork.Sowhynotcombineawalkaroundtheblockwithacalltocatchupwithyourfriendsduringyourlunchhour?BatheinthesunAvoidthetemptationtoeatatyourdesk.Whenpossible,takeyourlunchoutsidetoenjoythesunandachangeofscenery.Batheinthesunandliftyourgazetothehorizoninsteadofyourphoneorcomputerscreen._____15_____Achangeofscenerycangiveyouthepoweryouneedthroughyourafternoonto-dolist.ChangeyourtoneUseyourlunchhourtotreatyoursenses.Asyoueatorgetactive,tryqueuingupyourfavoritemusicinyourfavoritepodcast.Ifyoufocusonthesametasksfortoolong,yourbrainwillbetired.Shiftgearsandtreatyourmindtosomemusicorstimulationoutsideofyourdailytasks.______16______Yourlunchhourisn’tjustaboutbeingpurelyfunctional.______17______Byengagingintheseactivities,youcanmaintainproductivityandendyourworkdaysatisfiedwithyourprogress.A.Thisshifthelpsyourelaxandrecharge.B.Boostthepowerofawell-spentlunchhour.CExercisecanhelpyoufeelgoodaboutyourself.D.Useyourlunchhourtoconnectwithlovedones.E.Itisessentialforbothphysicalandmentalhealth.F.Findwaystocombinelightexercisewithyourlunchhourroutine.G.Thebenefitsoftimespentrechargingoutsidearewell-documented.【答案】13.F14.D15.G16.A17.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹充分利用午餐時(shí)間的策略，包括適當(dāng)運(yùn)動(dòng)、聯(lián)系親友、曬太陽(yáng)、轉(zhuǎn)換心情，以提升狀態(tài)與工作效率?！?3題詳解】由上文“Abrief10-minuteworkoutcanmakeyouenergetic.(一次簡(jiǎn)短的10分鐘鍛煉可以讓你精力充沛。)”及下文“Forexample,stepoutsideandtakeawalkaroundtheblock,orwalktoyoursandwichinsteadofdrivingcars.(例如，走出去繞著街區(qū)散步，或者步行去買三明治而不是開(kāi)車。)”可知，上文提到鍛煉能讓人精力充沛，下文舉例說(shuō)明結(jié)合鍛煉的具體方式，空格處應(yīng)是關(guān)于將鍛煉與午餐時(shí)間日?；顒?dòng)相結(jié)合的內(nèi)容。而F項(xiàng)Findwaystocombinelightexercisewithyourlunchhourroutine.(想辦法將輕度鍛煉與你的午餐時(shí)間日?；顒?dòng)結(jié)合起來(lái)。)符合語(yǔ)境，引出下文具體例子。故選F項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】由下文“Sometimescatchingupwithanoldfriendorfamilymembercanbrightenyourdayandupliftyourspirits,providingarefreshingbreakfromwork.(有時(shí)與老朋友或家人敘敘舊可以讓你的一天變得愉快，振奮你的精神，從工作中得到一個(gè)清爽的休息。)”可知，此段強(qiáng)調(diào)利用午餐時(shí)間與親朋好友聯(lián)系，而D項(xiàng)Useyourlunchhourtoconnectwithlovedones.(利用午餐時(shí)間與所愛(ài)的人聯(lián)系。)符合語(yǔ)境，作為段落主旨句，引出下文關(guān)于與親朋好友聯(lián)系好處的闡述。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】由上文“Batheinthesunandliftyourgazetothehorizoninsteadofyourphoneorcomputerscreen.(沐浴在陽(yáng)光下，將目光投向地平線，而不是手機(jī)或電腦屏幕。)”及下文“Achangeofscenerycangiveyouthepoweryouneedthroughyourafternoonto-dolist.(環(huán)境的改變能給你完成下午待辦事項(xiàng)清單所需的力量。)”可知，上文提到在戶外曬太陽(yáng)，下文提到改變環(huán)境的好處，空格處應(yīng)進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明在戶外充電放松的好處，而G項(xiàng)Thebenefitsoftimespentrechargingoutsidearewell-documented.(在戶外花時(shí)間充電的好處是有充分記錄的。)符合語(yǔ)境，承上啟下，連接上下文。故選G項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】由上文“Shiftgearsandtreatyourmindtosomemusicorstimulationoutsideofyourdailytasks.(換擋，讓你的大腦在日常任務(wù)之外享受一些音樂(lè)或刺激。)”可知，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)改變狀態(tài)，讓大腦享受不同事物，空格處應(yīng)說(shuō)明這種改變帶來(lái)的好處，而A項(xiàng)Thisshifthelpsyourelaxandrecharge.(這種轉(zhuǎn)變幫助你放松和充電。)符合語(yǔ)境，其中Thisshift指代上文提到的改變。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】由上文“Yourlunchhourisn’tjustaboutbeingpurelyfunctional.(你的午餐時(shí)間不僅僅是純粹功能性的。)”及下文“Byengagingintheseactivities,youcanmaintainproductivityandendyourworkdaysatisfiedwithyourprogress.(通過(guò)參與這些活動(dòng)，你可以保持工作效率，并在工作日結(jié)束時(shí)對(duì)自己的進(jìn)展感到滿意。)”可知，上文指出午餐時(shí)間不只是功能性的，下文闡述參與前文提及活動(dòng)對(duì)工作效率等方面的積極影響，這體現(xiàn)了午餐時(shí)間對(duì)身心狀態(tài)的重要性。而E項(xiàng)Itisessentialforbothphysicalandmentalhealth.(它對(duì)身心健康都至關(guān)重要。)符合語(yǔ)境，說(shuō)明午餐時(shí)間不僅有功能性作用，對(duì)身心同樣關(guān)鍵，能更好地承上啟下，連接上下文邏輯。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿分37.5分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Inmyyouth,Idreamtofwinningabigtrophy(獎(jiǎng)杯)insportslikebaseballandkickball,butIoftenfeltinadequate.Asanadult,Iwasdeterminedtomaintaina(n)____18____lifestyle,andin2010I____19____astair-climbingchallenge.Thenin2019,Iattemptedanevenmorechallengingclimbingevent—theVerticalMileChallenge—climbingover28floorsfifteentimeswithinthreehours,butcramps(抽筋)slowedmedown,andIfinishedjust____20____thetimelimit.Ayearlater,at62,Ireturnedtothechallenge.Cramps____21____again,butthistime,fellowclimber,Jessica,offeredmeelectrolytesalt(電解質(zhì)鹽),whichhelped____22____thepain.Meanwhile,otherclimberswereshoutingwordsofencouragementwhentheypassedbyme.WhenImadeittothe____23____ofthelastlap,Ifelt___24___insideasIrealizedIwasgoingtomakeitdownintime.AsIapproachedthefirstfloor,Ithoughtoflastyear’sdisappointingendingandtheheartachethatsoon____25____me.Thistime,myheartwasdancingasI___26___thefinishinglinejustthirtysecondsbeforethetimelimit!Iwasmetwithcheersandhigh-fives,anda(n)_____27_____grouphugfromtwoclimberswhowitnessedmy_____28_____lastyear.Thinkingofthe_____29_____shownbysomanywhohadhelpedmereachmygoal,myemotionoverwhelmedme.My“megoal”hadsuddenlyturnedintoa“mevictory”,_____30_____mybeliefthatthere’smoreinsideusthanweknow,andwe’reeven_____31_____together.Andthatturnedouttobethe_____32_____trophyofall.18.A.stressful B.comfortable C.active D.passive19.A.appliedfor B.enteredfor C.madefor D.allowedfor20.A.within B.against C.by D.beyond21.A.struck B.eased C.restored D.withdrew22.A.tolerate B.promote C.relieve D.increase23.A.bottom B.top C.middle D.side24.A.delighted B.nervous C.calm D.afraid25.A.inspired B.motivated C.awakened D.consumed26.A.blocked B.limited C.covered D.crossed27.A.awkward B.ambitious C.lengthy D.brief28.A.embarrassment B.growth C.success D.disappointment29.A.sadness B.kindness C.pity D.respect30.A.contradicting B.shaking C.challenging D.confirming31.A.weaker B.rougher C.stronger D.luckier32.A.biggest B.slightest C.least D.slimmest【答案】18.C19.B20.D21.A22.C23.B24.A25.D26.D27.C28.D29.B30.D31.C32.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，文章講述了一位作者在年輕時(shí)夢(mèng)想在體育比賽中贏得獎(jiǎng)杯，但總是感到自己能力不足。成年后，他決心保持積極的生活方式，并參加了樓梯攀登挑戰(zhàn)。盡管在2019年的挑戰(zhàn)中因抽筋而未能按時(shí)完成，但在2020年，他再次挑戰(zhàn)并最終成功，這讓他深刻體會(huì)到團(tuán)隊(duì)支持的力量?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名成年人，我決心保持積極的生活方式，2010年我參加了一個(gè)樓梯攀登挑戰(zhàn)。A.stressful壓力的；B.comfortable舒適的；C.active積極的；D.passive被動(dòng)的。根據(jù)下文“astair-climbingchallenge”可知，作者報(bào)名參加了一個(gè)樓梯攀爬比賽，說(shuō)明他決心保持積極的生活方式，故選C項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：作為一名成年人，我決心保持積極的生活方式，2010年我參加了一個(gè)樓梯攀登挑戰(zhàn)。A.appliedfor申請(qǐng)；B.enteredfor參加；C.madefor走向；D.allowedfor允許。根據(jù)下文“astair-climbingchallenge”可知，作者參加了一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)，enterfor是參加的意思，符合語(yǔ)境，故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：然后在2019年，我嘗試了一個(gè)更具挑戰(zhàn)性的攀登活動(dòng)——垂直英里挑戰(zhàn)賽——在三小時(shí)內(nèi)攀登超過(guò)28層樓十五次，但抽筋減慢了我的速度，我剛好超出了時(shí)間限制。A.within在...之內(nèi)；B.against反對(duì)；C.by通過(guò)；D.beyond超出。根據(jù)上文“butcramps(抽筋)slowedmedown”可知，作者抽筋了，所以最后超出了比賽的時(shí)間限制，故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一年后，我62歲時(shí)，我再次參加了挑戰(zhàn)。抽筋再次發(fā)作，但這次，另一位攀登者，Jessica，給了我電解質(zhì)鹽，這有助于緩解疼痛。A.struck打擊；疾病侵襲；B.eased緩解；C.restored恢復(fù)；D.withdrew撤回。根據(jù)上文“Cramps”可知，抽筋再次發(fā)作，strike有疾病突然發(fā)作的意思，符合語(yǔ)境，故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一年后，我62歲時(shí)，我再次參加了挑戰(zhàn)。抽筋再次發(fā)作，但這次，另一位攀登者，Jessica，給了我電解質(zhì)鹽，這有助于緩解疼痛。A.tolerate容忍；B.promote促進(jìn)；C.relieve緩解；D.increase增加。根據(jù)下文“thepain”可知，電解質(zhì)鹽有助于緩解抽筋帶來(lái)的疼痛，故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我到達(dá)最后一圈的頂部時(shí)，我內(nèi)心感到非常高興，因?yàn)槲乙庾R(shí)到我將按時(shí)完成。A.bottom底部；B.top頂部；C.middle中間；D.side側(cè)面。根據(jù)下文“asIrealizedIwasgoingtomakeitdownintime”可知，作者感覺(jué)到這次能完成比賽，說(shuō)明他此時(shí)已經(jīng)到最后一圈，這是他在最后一圈開(kāi)始的地方進(jìn)行的推測(cè)，故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我到達(dá)最后一圈的頂部時(shí)，我內(nèi)心感到非常高興，因?yàn)槲乙庾R(shí)到我將按時(shí)完成。A.delighted高興的；B.nervous緊張的；C.calm冷靜的；D.afraid害怕的。根據(jù)下文“asIrealizedIwasgoingtomakeitdownintime”可知，作者感覺(jué)這次能及時(shí)完成比賽，所以他感到高興，故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我接近一樓時(shí)，我想到了去年令人失望的結(jié)局和隨之而來(lái)的痛苦。A.inspired激勵(lì)，啟發(fā)；B.motivated激勵(lì)，激發(fā)；C.awakened喚醒；D.consumed消耗；吞噬。根據(jù)上文“theheartache”可知，去年作者比賽失敗了，這種心痛吞噬了作者，故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這次，我的心在跳舞，因?yàn)槲覄偤迷跁r(shí)間限制前30秒越過(guò)了終點(diǎn)線！A.blocked阻止；B.limited限制；C.covered覆蓋；D.crossed穿過(guò)。根據(jù)上文“myheartwasdancing”及下文“thefinishingline”可知，作者非常開(kāi)心，因?yàn)樗竭^(guò)了終點(diǎn)線，故選D項(xiàng)。27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我受到了歡呼和擊掌，以及兩名去年目睹我失望的登山者的長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的集體擁抱。A.awkward尷尬的；B.ambitious有抱負(fù)的；C.lengthy長(zhǎng)的；D.brief短暫的。根據(jù)上文“Iwasmetwithcheersandhigh-fives”和下文“grouphug”可知，作者的團(tuán)隊(duì)成功了，成功來(lái)之不易，比賽結(jié)束后的他們擁抱了很久，故選C項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我受到了歡呼和擊掌，以及兩名去年目睹我失望登山者的長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的集體擁抱。A.embarrassment尷尬；B.growth成長(zhǎng)；C.success成功；D.disappointment失望。根據(jù)上文“3thetimelimit”和“Ithoughtoflastyear’sdisappointingendingandtheheartachethatsoon

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me.”可知，作者上次比賽超時(shí)了，這是令人失望的，所以大家目睹了去年作者的失望，故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：想到許多幫助我實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的人所表現(xiàn)出的善意，我的情感一下子不受控制了。A.sadness悲傷；B.kindness善意；C.pity同情；D.respect尊重。根據(jù)下文“whohadhelpedmereachmygoal”可知，大家?guī)椭髡哌_(dá)到目標(biāo)，這是眾人的善意，故選B項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的“個(gè)人目標(biāo)”突然變成了“個(gè)人勝利”，這證實(shí)了我的信念，即我們內(nèi)心的力量比我們所知道的要多，而且我們?cè)谝黄饡?huì)更強(qiáng)大。A.contradicting矛盾；B.shaking搖晃；C.challenging挑戰(zhàn)；D.confirming證實(shí)。根據(jù)下文“mybeliefthatthere’smoreinsideusthanweknow”可知，作者的成功證實(shí)了他的信念，故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的“個(gè)人目標(biāo)”突然變成了“個(gè)人勝利”，這證實(shí)了我的信念，即我們內(nèi)心的力量比我們所知道的要多，而且我們?cè)谝黄饡?huì)更強(qiáng)大。A.weaker更弱的；B.rougher更粗糙的；C.stronger更強(qiáng)的；D.luckier更幸運(yùn)的。根據(jù)上文“even”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，even是表示遞進(jìn)的概念，所以這里是表達(dá)眾人聚在一起會(huì)更強(qiáng)大，故選C項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這最終成為了最大的獎(jiǎng)杯。A.biggest最大的；B.slightest最微小的；C.least最少的；D.slimmest最細(xì)的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和下文“ofall”可知，作者成功了，在獲得的所有獎(jiǎng)杯中，這次的是最大的一次，其余選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境，故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AseriesofthelatestarchaeologicaldiscoveriesinNorthChinarelatedtotheNeolthicHongshanculture,famous____33____itsdelicatejadeartifacts(手工藝品),havedrawnthepublic’sattention.Thesefindingswerehighlightedbysignificant____34____(phrase),suchas“thelargest”,“thefirsttime”,and“fillingtheresearchgap”.AccordingtotheInnerMongoliaInstituteofCulturalRelicsandArcheology,____35____conductedthearchaeologicalproject,Chinesearchaeologistsuncoveredacompletestonetomb____36____(date)backtothelateperiodofHongshanculture.Itisa____37____(represent)archaeologicalcultureofthemiddleandlateNeolithicperiodinChifeng.Hundredsofjadeartifacts,includingthelargestjadedragonoftheHongshanculture,____38____(unearth)sofar,coveringalmostalltypesofprehistoricalculture.Additionally,abuildingsitethatcombinestombsandsacrificialaltars(祭壇)wasdiscoveredforthefirsttime.Expertsnotedthatthediscoveryofthissiteis____39____(high)significantforgainingdeeperinsightsintothesocialstructures,organizationalmanagement,humanenvironmentrelationships,andjadeprocessingpracticesofthelateHong