Unit 4 Space Exploration 高中英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)

ReadingforwritingU4SpaceExplorationLearningObjectives?Languagegoal:1.BeAbletorememberandusekeywordsandexpressions,suchasprovidefor,

inclosing,toimprovelanguage,learningefficiencyandlanguageskills.2.BeAbletodistinguishbetweeninfinitiveusedasattributesandadverbialsand

understandtheirfunctionsandmeanings.?Competencygoal:1.Anargumentativepaperthatunderstandsthemeaningandvalueofspace

explorationanddistinguishestheauthor’sargumentsfromrelevantarguments.2.BeAbletowriteaformalargumentationonthetopicofsupportforspace

exploration.?Emotionalgoals:

toanalyzeandjudgedifferentpositionsandattitudesonspaceexploration,to

judgetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthedevelopmentofscienceand

technologyfromtheperspectiveofall-rounddevelopment,andtocultivatecritical

thinking.

What’syouropiniononspaceexploration?Areyoufororagainstit?Andwhy?Leading-inReadingforStructure1 Whatgenreisthisarticle?2 Whatistheissue(議題)?3 Whatistheargumentofthewriter?It’sanargumentativeessay.Isexploringspaceawasteornot?Exploringspacehelpsusalot.4 Howmanygrounds

ofargument論據(jù)arethere?Three.5 Whatistheconclusionofthewriter?Exploringspaceprovidestheworldwithmanydifferentbenefits.Whichisthe

structureofthepassage?

ABCD

Introduction

body

body

body

Conclusion

Introduction:GeneralGroundsofargument:SpecificConclusion:GeneralPara1Para2Para3Para4Para5Firstly,exploringspacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.Secondly,spaceexplorationhasalreadypromotedtechnologicalimprovementsthatbenefitusall.Finally,sendingastronautsintospacehashelpedpeopletothinkabouttheworld'sproblemsandeventofindwaystosolvethem.Somepeoplearguethatweshouldstop....However,othersfeelthisisashallowview...Inclosing,exploringspaceprovidestheworldwithmanydifferentbenefits.IntroductionBodyConclusionDifferentviewpointsGround1Ground2Ground31.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?Itistopresentanideathatexploringspace

__________________________________.2.What’stheauthor’sattitudetoexploring

space？

A.Supportive. B.Objective.

C.Neutral. D.Negative.

helpsusinmanyways/benefitsusalot√However,othersfeelthisisashallowviewwhichfailstorealisehowexploringspacehelpsus.Readforcomprehension

Para2

Firstly,exploringspacehasalready

madea

difference

inthefight

against

worldhunger.It

hasdirectly

resultedin

themanysatellitesthat

noworbitEarth.

Anumberof

thesatellitesrecorddataonlandandweatherpatterns.Thenthedataistransmittedtoscientistson

Earth.Aftercarefulanalysis,thescientists

canprovideusefulrecommendationsand

adviceforfarmers.

Asaresult,space-based

sciencehashelpedfarminginitseffortsto

growenoughfoodtofeedEarth’sincreasing

population.首句即本段主題句Byexplaining

Howdoesthewritersupporttheargument?

Para3

Secondly,spaceexplorationhasalreadypromoted

technologicalimprovementsthatbenefitusall.

High-endproductsaroundtheworldaremade

toahigherstandardnowbecauseof

advanced

technologywhichwasfirstcreatedtomeetthe

requirementsforspaceexploration.

Forexample,

spacetechnologieshavehelpedtheresearch

anddevelopmentofdifferenttypesofnew

material.Theyhavealsohelpedcompaniesmakebetterheart

monitors

andothermachinesthat

doctorsregularlyuse.Today,spacetechnologies

arewidelyusedinallkindsofindustries,and

everydayproductssuchasGPS,memoryfoam(乳膠泡沫)

pillows,andsmartphonecamerasarechanging

ourlives.首句即本段主題句Bygivingexamples

Howdoesthewritersupporthisargument?

Para4

Finally,sendingastronautsintospacehashelped

peopletothinkabouttheworld'sproblemsand

eventofindwaystosolvethem.Seeingpictures

ofourplanetasanislandinablackseamadepeoplerealisethatourplanetsresourcesare

limited.Inordertoprovideforsucharapidlyincreasingpopulation,scientistsaretryingto

findotherplanetsthatcouldonedaybeournew

home.Thegreatestattentionatpresentison

MarsbecauseitisclosertoEarth.Inthefuture

humansmayliveonbothplanets.首句即本段主題句Byprovidingfacts

Howdidtheauthorshowthesupportingdetails?

Para5

Inclosing,

exploringspaceprovidestheworld

withmanydifferentbenefits.Therefore,it

shouldcontinuesoastoprovidenewandbetter

solutionstopeople'sshort-termandlong-termproblems.結(jié)尾重申主題首尾呼應(yīng)1.Readtheargumentativeessayaboutspaceexplorationandanswerthequestions.P.451Whyaresomepeopleagainstspaceexploration?2Whathasspaceexplorationdoneforfoodproduction?3WhatdidthepicturesofEarthfromspacemakepeoplerealise?4Howdoesspaceexplorationbenefittheproductsthatpeopleusenowadays?Becausetheythinkitisawasteoftimeandmoney,andthatweshouldfeedtheworld'spoorandfindimmediatesolutionstootherproblems,suchaspollutionandfataldiseases,instead.Satellitesstudylandandweatherpatterns.Thesestudieshelpfarmersgrowmorecropsandwarnthemaboutnaturaldisastersbeforetheyoccur.Theymadepeoplerealisethatourplanetsresourcesarelimited.Advancedtechnologydevelopedforspaceexplorationhaspromotedtechnologicalimprovementsthatbenefitsusallbyallowingproductstobemadetoahigherstandard.2Studytheorganisationandlanguagefeatures.1Readthefirstparagraphandunderlinethedifferent

opinionsaboutspaceexploration.2Findthethreetopicsentencesthatsummarisethe

writer’sargumentsaboutspaceexploration.3Underlinethesentencethatrepeatsthewriter’s

opinioninthelastparagraph.P.45

Somepeoplearguethatweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoneyexploringspace.However,othersfeelthisisashallowviewwhichfailstorealisehowexploringspacehelpsus.P.453Usewhatyouhavelearnttowriteaboutyouropinionaboutspaceexploration.1Aretheseargumentsfororagainstexploringspace?Puttheminthetablebelow.Thenaddyourownideasandwriteyouressay.ATherearealotofunsolvedmysteriesonEarth.Sowhyarewegoingintospacetoexplore?BItisnecessarytofindanewhomeforpeopleinspace,astheresourcesonEarthwillrunout.CIcannotunderstandspendingallthismoneyonexpensiveresearchandexperimentswhen

somanypeopleneedfood.DExploringspaceencouragesscientiststoimprovetechnologythatcanhelppeopleinother

ways,too.BItisnecessarytofindanewhomeforpeopleinspace,astheresourcesonEarthwillrunout.DExploringspaceencouragesscientiststoimprovetechnologythatcanhelppeopleinotherways,too.ATherearealotofunsolvedmysteriesonEarth.Sowhyarewegoingintospacetoexplore?CIcannotunderstandspendingallthismoneyonexpensiveresearchandexperimentswhensomanypeopleneedfood.觀點(diǎn)類(lèi)作文就“探索太空”話題分析評(píng)論一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第一、第三人稱首段：引入話題，點(diǎn)明觀點(diǎn)中段：支持和反對(duì)觀點(diǎn)的理由尾段：表達(dá)個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)體裁話題時(shí)態(tài)人稱文章架構(gòu)核心要點(diǎn)開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山點(diǎn)明話題介紹兩種相反觀點(diǎn)及其理由闡述自己的觀點(diǎn)WriteanargumentativeessayaboutspaceexplorationTipsonwritinganargumentativeessayWhenwritinganargumentativeessay,weshould:1.Introducetheopposingpositionsaboutatopic(導(dǎo)入話題的對(duì)立立場(chǎng))2.Developyourargumentsindetail,presentingyourownpositionaboutthe

topic,

providingsuitablesupportingevidenceandreasoningtoconvincethe

readersofyourposition(提出自己對(duì)話題的立場(chǎng)和支持性的論據(jù))3.Concludeyourargumentbysummarizingandreflectingonthe

arguments

madeinthebody,stressingtheimportanceofyour

argument.

2021年6月17日，神舟十二號(hào)載人飛船發(fā)射成功，中國(guó)人首次進(jìn)入自己的空間站。三位航天員在90天內(nèi)出色地完成了既定任務(wù)。10月16日，神州十三號(hào)載人飛船搭載三名宇航員再次入住我們自己的空間站，并開(kāi)啟了長(zhǎng)達(dá)半年的太空之旅。

現(xiàn)你校英語(yǔ)報(bào)“VoiceYourOpinion”欄目正在征集大家對(duì)于太空探索的利弊的看法，假定你持反對(duì)意見(jiàn)，請(qǐng)發(fā)表你的觀點(diǎn)。WritingtaskAgainstIIIAgainstspaceexplorationArgument1:

Icannotunderstandspendingallthismoneyonexpensiveresearchandexperimentswhensomanypeopleneedfood.Argument2:

TherearealotofunsolvedmysteriesonEarth.Sowhyarewegoingintospacetoexplore?Argument3:...Revisethedraft

Everyonegetsexcitedbythenewsofthemostrecentspaceflights,andItooshareinpeople’ssenseofaweandwonderatthephotosfromspacethatwesee.However,itishardtojustify(證明...有理、為...辯護(hù))________________________(太空飛行的高成本).__________(在我看來(lái)),weshouldbespendingourmoneymorewisely,onwhatpeopleneed.

Firstly,spaceexplorationisquitecostlyandprovidesfewrealbenefitsforcommonpeople.Atpresent,therearemany__________________(更緊急的任務(wù))

onEarththatrequireinvestments,suchasglobalwarming,___________(致命性疾病)and________________（解決窮人的溫飽),whichaffectthelivesofmillionsofordinarypeople.Title：___________________________IntroductionBodythehighcostofspaceflightsInmyviewmoreurgentmissionsfataldiseasefeedingthehungryRevisethedraft

Secondly,sendingastronautsintospacecan’tbe_____________________(盡快的解決方案)ourplanet’slimitedresourcesandincreasingpopulation.Insteadoftryingtofindanewhome,forthepresent,it________________(更有意義)totakecareofourplanetandbetteredit.

Finally,exploringspacecan_______________(直接導(dǎo)致)quitelotsofpollutiontotherealm(領(lǐng)域、王國(guó)、范圍)andbequiteriskytoourastronauts.Surprisingly,withanumberof__________________(未解的謎團(tuán))ontheearthforustoexplore,whydowehavetogothatfar?

__________(總而言之),itjustdoesnotseem____________________(明智的投資)togotospace.Wehavetoomanyneedshereontheearthtobewastingoureffortsonspaceexploration.Title：___________________________animmediatesolutiontomakesmoresensedirectlyresultinunsolvedmysteriesInawordaverywiseinvestmentBodyClosingSpaceexploration,yesorno?1.Recitethesamplewritingyouhavelearnedinthisclass.*2.(Optional)Presentadebateonthetopic“Isexploringspaceawasteoftimeandmoney?”.IV

AssignmentLanguagestudyawasteof…浪費(fèi)/埋沒(méi)/糟蹋了……

(時(shí)間、金錢(qián)、才能)awasteofspace廢物、飯桶

e.g.Beingunemployedissuchawasteofyourtalents.

Somemeetingsareacompletewasteoftime.表達(dá)：失業(yè)簡(jiǎn)直是埋沒(méi)了你的才能。有的會(huì)議完全是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。missionC

(達(dá)成目的的系列)

任務(wù)

；(重要的任務(wù))使命missionaccomplished

大功告成

e.g.Itisquiteamissiontobuildaspacestation.

Ourmissionistorecoverthestolenplans.表達(dá)：建設(shè)空間站是一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)。我們的任務(wù)是找回被盜的設(shè)計(jì)圖。whether…or…conj.

(表示選擇的連接兩個(gè)并列成分)

是否、不管是……

還是……

e.g.We’llfindoutwhetheritturnsouttobeagoodideaorabadone.

Iwonderwhetherhe’lldecidetostayortransfertoanotherschool.表達(dá)：我們會(huì)搞清楚這個(gè)點(diǎn)子是好還是壞。我不知道他將決定留下來(lái)還是轉(zhuǎn)到另一學(xué)校。______arguevi.

(withsb.about/oversth.)爭(zhēng)論、爭(zhēng)吵

→

vi.&vt.(提出論據(jù))論證、說(shuō)明e.g.Thechildrenargued

witheachotherabout/overwhichTVprogrammetowatch.

Hearguedthatteachersshouldbeallowedtousemobilephonesinclass.表達(dá)：孩子們相互為看哪一個(gè)電視節(jié)目而爭(zhēng)吵。他提出理由說(shuō)應(yīng)該允許老師課堂使用手機(jī)。____suchas+n.prep.諸如……

forexample

prep.(獨(dú)立成分，可接完整的句子)例如e.g.SubjectssuchasChinese,mathsandEnglisharecompulsoryinhighschools.

Westernersliveonfoodssuchasmeatandmilk.Yourbed,forexample,willrecordhowwellyousleepeverynight.表達(dá)：諸如語(yǔ)文、數(shù)學(xué)、英語(yǔ)這些科目是中學(xué)的必修的。西方人以諸如肉類(lèi)和牛奶的食品為主食。__________________例如，你的床會(huì)記錄你每晚的睡眠質(zhì)量。suchas…接在復(fù)數(shù)名詞后，前面可加逗號(hào)，不能獨(dú)立成句，as后不能加逗號(hào)，可接一

個(gè)或幾個(gè)名詞，不接句子forexample后面緊接逗號(hào)，所舉的例子可以是詞語(yǔ)或句子，可置于句首、句中或句末，

與所舉的例子一起能獨(dú)立成句makeadifference帶來(lái)改變；有作用/影響；有所作為makenodifference沒(méi)差別、沒(méi)關(guān)系

e.g.Everyeffortwillmakeadifference.

Alittlecontributionfromeveryonewillmakeabigdifference.

Workharddayafterdayandyouwillsurelymakeadifference.

Itmakesnodifferencetohishappinesswherehelives.(Itdoesn’t

makeanydifference…)表達(dá)：每一次努力都會(huì)帶來(lái)改變。人人做一點(diǎn)貢獻(xiàn)，世界就會(huì)大變樣。____________天天努力，你一定會(huì)有所作為。住在哪里對(duì)他的幸福沒(méi)影響。fightagainst…

對(duì)抗……、與……作斗爭(zhēng)；反對(duì)……e.g.Peopleallovertheworldshoulduniteto

fightagainstAmericanbullying.

MedicalworkershaveplayedagreatroleinthefightagainsttheCOVID-19.表達(dá)：全世界的人民應(yīng)團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)對(duì)抗美國(guó)霸凌。醫(yī)務(wù)人員在抗擊新冠疫情戰(zhàn)斗中作用巨大。_______patternC

(事物反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的)模式→樣板；范例、榜樣；樣本；花樣、圖案、式樣e.g.Weatherpatternshavechangedinrecentyears.

Thischilddoesn’tshowanormalpatternofdevelopment.SentencesinEnglishusuallyfollowfixedpatterns.Hissuccesshasseta