高中英語北師大版選擇性課文教材拓展之語法填空

高中英語北師大版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊課文教材拓展之語法填空.Unit4Humour【Lesson1What’ssofunny?】StoryAAfamousartcollectorwaswalkingthroughthecitywhenhenoticedadirtycat

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(lap)milkfromasaucerinthedoorwayofastore.Hedidadoubletake.Henoticedthatthesaucerwasanantiqueandveryvaluable,sohewalkedcasuallyintothestoreand

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(innocent)offeredtobuythecatfor20dollars.Thestoreownerreplied,“I’msorry,butthecatisn’tforsale.”Thecollectorsaid,“Please,Ineedahungrycatwith

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goodappetitearoundthehousetocatchmice.I’llpayyou200dollarsforthatcat.”Theownersaid“sold”

and

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(hand)overthecat.Thecollectorcontinued,“Hey,forthe200dollarsIwonderifyoucouldthrow

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thatoldsaucer.Thecat’susedtoitandit’llsavemefromhavingtogetadish.”Andtheownersaid,“Sorrymyfriend,butthat’smyluckysaucer.SofarthisweekI’vesold68cats.”StoryBSherlockHolmesandDr.Watsonwentonacampingtrip.Afteragooddinnerandabottleofwine,theyretiredforthenight,andwenttosleep.Somehourslater,Holmeswokeupandaskedhis

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(faith)friend,“Watson,lookupattheskyandtellmewhatyousee.”“Iseemillionsandmillionsofstars,Holmes,”

repliedWatson.“Andwhatdoyoudeduce

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that?”Watsonthoughtforaminute.“Well,accordingtothestudiesonastronomy,ittellsmethattherearemillionsofgalaxiesand

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(potential)billionsofplanets.Accordingtothepositionsofthestars,IobservethatSaturnisinLeo.Accordingtothescientificmeasurementoftime,Ideducethatthetimeisprobablyaquarterpastthree.Accordingtothecurrentatmosphere,Iforecast

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wewillhaveabeautifuldaytomorrow.Whatdoesittellyou,Holmes?”Holmeswassilentforamoment.“Watson,”

hesaid,“someone

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(steal)ourtent!”StoryCAmiddleagedmanwasfeelingverydown.Everythinghadbeengoingwrongforhim.Hehadhadproblemsatworkandhiswifehadlefthimforanotherman.So,afterhehadbeenfeelingdepressedforoveramonth,hedecidedtogotothedoctor.Hehadtowaitforwhatseemedlikeagesinthedoctor’ssurgery.The

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(bleed)

mannexttohimwaslookingathiswatchnervously;awomanwascoughingandsneezingbadly;andababywasscreaming.Finally,afterhehadbeenwaitingforabouthalfanhour,hewascalledinforhis

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(consult).Thedoctorwaswritinganoteatherdeskwhenhecamein.“Sorry,I’mjustfinishingsomething.I’mafraidwe’vebeenverybusythismorning.”Shethenturnedtotheman.“So,what’stheproblem?”sheasked.“Well,I’vebeenhavingabitofacrisis,youknow,lotsofproblems,”repliedtheman.“AndI’vebeendoingalotofwork.”“Mmm,you’relookingverypale.”Thedoctorstarted

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(examine)

him.“Well,everythingisworkingOK,”she

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(announce)

afterwards.“Youhaveslightlyhighbloodpressureandyou’rebreathingquiteheavily,butotherwiseeverything’sfine.”“SowhatcanIdo?”askedtheman.“I’mgoingonatripsoon.I

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(work)

intheUnitedStatesforthreemonths.Thistimenextweek,I’llbearrivinginNewYork.”Thedoctorthoughtforawhile.“Ithinkwhatyouneedisagoodlaugh.Thatwoulddoyoualotofgood.Acircusisperformingintown.Whydon’tyougotoseeit?Ihearthere’sanamazingclownwho’llreallymakeyoulaugh.Hisname’sGrock.”“IamGrock,”repliedthemansadly.參考答案

1.lapping

2.innocently

3.a

4.handed

5.in6.faithful

7.from

8.potentially

9.that

10.hasstolen11.bleeding

12.consultation

13.toexamine

14.announced

15.willbeworking【Lesson3MyFavouriteedian】TEXT1MrBeanMrBeanisaninternationallyrecognisededycharacterinfilmsandTVseries.Hehas

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reputationforconstantly

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(encounter)

awkwardsituations,

whichgreatly

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(amuse)

audiencesofallnationalitiesandcultures.Hishumourisalwaysmadeclearthroughaseriesofsimpleandfunnyactsthatrely

purely

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bodylanguagethatisuniversal.Oneofmyfavourite

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(episode)

wasMrBeaninafancyrestaurant.After

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(seat)

athistable,MrBeantakesoutacard,writesafewwordsonit,putsitinanenvelopeandplacesitonthetable.Afteramoment,helooksbackattheenvelopebutthistimehelookssurprised,asifhedidnotknowitwasthere.Heopensittofindabirthdaycardandvery

happilyputsitonthetableforeveryonetosee.Whenhelooksatthemenu,an

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(astonish)

lookquicklyappearsonhisface.Hetakesallthe

moneyoutofhiswallet,countsitandputsitina

saucer.Hethenlooksfromthemenutothe

moneywithconcernuntilhefindsonethingthat

makeshimsmile.Thenheordersadishcalled

“steaktartare”.Whenthedisharrives,heisshocked

todiscoverthat“steaktartare”

is

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(actual)rawhamburger.Hemakesanattempttoeatit,butitisclearfromthelookonhisfaceasheischewing

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hefindsthetastetrulyawful.Hecannothidehisfeelings,exceptwhenthewaitersaskifeverythingisallright.Whenthishappens,hesmilesandnods,indicatingthateverythingisfine.Whenthewaitersarenotlooking,however,hebusieshimself

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(hide)therawmeatanywherehecanreach—

thesugarbowl,thetinyflowervase,insideabreadrollandunderaplate.Hebeessodesperateintheendthatheevenhidessomeinsidethepurseofawomansittingnearhimandthrowssomedownthetrousersoftherestaurant’sviolinist!IliketowatchMrBeanonTVbutIwouldn’twanttomeetsomeonelikehiminreallife,andIcertainlywouldn’twanttohavedinnerwithhim!參考答案

1.a

2.encountering

3.amuses

4.on

5.episodes6.beingseated

7.astonished

8.actually

9.that

10.hidingTEXT

2TheContemporaryChaplinRowanAtkinsonisanEnglishactor,edian

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screenwriter.InBritain,MrAtkinsonis

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(most)

famousformany

successfulTVshowsbutinternationallyweknowhimbestas

theawkward,clumsy,butalways

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(amuse)

MrBean.Ifyou

thinkthatRowanAtkinsonisanythinglikehisfamous

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(create),thenyouareinforasurprise.Onthecontrary,he

isnothinglikeMrBean.Rowanwasbornon6January,1955.Hegrewuponafarmwithhisparentsandthree

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(old)

brothers.Hisfatherwasverystrictanddidnotbelieveinthevalueoftelevision.Rowanhadaverysuccessfulacademiccareer.Attheageof13,hewas

awarded

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scholarshiptoaboardingschool.Later,hestudiedatNewcastle

University,whereheattainedthehighestmarksinhisyear.AtOxford,he

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(obtain)

hismaster’sdegreeinelectricalengineering.Thismayexplainwhy

helovesfastcars,ofwhichhehasmany.WhenRowanwasyoung,hehadastutterandtomakehisspeechclearer,

hebegantospeakverycarefully.Thismaybe

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someofhischaractershaveunusualwaysofspeaking.Asearlyasprimaryschool,Rowanhadalreadyshownatalentfor

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(act),but

itwasonlylateratuniversitythathedecidedtobeeanactor.Akey

eventoccurredonedayin1976whenhewasplayingaroundandpullinga

faceinthemirror.“Idiscoveredmyface,”hesaidlater.JohnLloyd,whoworkedasa

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(produce)

forBBCTelevision,saysthatonerarelymeetssomeonewithsuchgenius,andthatwhenheworkedwithAtkinsonhebecameconvincedthatRowanwouldbemorefamousthanCharlieChaplin.參考答案1.and

2.mostly

3.amusing

4.creation

5.older6.a

7.obtained

8.why

9.acting

10.producerUnit5Education

【Lesson1EnlighteningaMind】HelenKellerwasan

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(exceptional)specialgirl.Bythetimeshewassevenyearsold,shestillcouldn’tspeak,readorwriteandneededtohaveeverythingdoneforher.Thiswasbecauseshecouldn’tseeorhear.Withthesesevere

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(restriction)tohermunication,Helen’sbehaviourwasoftenunbearable.Shewassometimestroublesome,stubbornandangry,andhadatendency

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(break)thingswhennooneunderstoodher.Helen’sparentsgotasuperbteacherremendedtothem,awomannamedAnneSullivan.AnnewasateacherandformerstudentataschoolfortheblindinBoston.She’dhadeyesightproblemsearlyinlifeaswellsoshecouldrelate

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Helen’sdifficulties.Anne’stechniquetoteachHelenlanguagewassimpleandstraightforward.AnnespeltwordsbywritingonHelen’shandsothatHelencouldgetamentalpictureofthewords.Shestartedwiththeword“doll”.ShewouldletHelenplaywiththedoll,andthenspelltheletters“DOLL”

onherhand.Whentheyinitiallydidthis,Helenthoughtitwasagame.Shewroteabouther

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(excite)laterinherbook,

TheStoryofMyLife:“Runningdownstairstomymother,Iheldupmyhandandmadethelettersfor

‘doll’.IdidnotknowthatIwasspellingawordoreventhatwordsexisted;Iwassimplymakingmyfingersgoinmonkeylikeimitation.”Whentheywereatthewelloneday,AnneputoneofHelen’shandsunderthestreamofwater.AsthewaterflowedoverHelen’shand,Annespeltout“WATER”

intoHelen’sotherhand.AsAnnewroteonHelen’shand,Helensuddenlyrealisedthatthemovementofthefingersmeantthecoolliquid

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(flow)overherhand.Thispreciousknowledgegaveherhopeandjoy.Finally,shegottheworldofwordsopeneduptoher.NowthatHelen

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(grasp)thekeytolanguage,shewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.Childrenwhocanseeandhearlearnlanguageeasily,butforHelen,itwasagradualandsometimes

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(pain)process.However,becauseHelenwassoenthusiasticaboutlearning,theresultswereamazing.AsHelen’sknowledgeandvocabulary

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(expand),sheaskedmoreandmorequestions.Thissoonledhertodiscovermoreplexwordsandchangedherthinkingprocess.Tryingtolearntheword“l(fā)ove”

wasanexperiencethatsherememberedwell.Thisis

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shedescribeditinherbook:“IrememberthemorningthatIfirstaskedthemeaningoftheword

‘love’.ThiswasbeforeIknewmanywords.Ihadfoundafewearlyvioletsinthegardenandbroughtthemtomyteacher...MissSullivanputherarmgentlyroundmeandwroteonmyhand,

‘IloveHelen.’

‘Whatislove?’

Iasked.Shedrewme

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(close)toherandsaid,

‘Itishere,’

pointingtomyheart...HerwordspuzzledmeverymuchbecauseIdidnotthenunderstandanything

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Itouchedit.”AlthoughthemeaningoflovewasstillnotapparenttoHelen,shekeptontryingtounderstandit.

“Ismeltthevioletsinherhandandasked,halfinwords,halfinsigns,aquestionwhichmeant,

‘Islovethesweetnessofflowers?’

‘No,’

saidmyteacher.”WhenHelenandAnnewereoutsideoneday,Helenfeltthewarmthofthesun’srays.Shepointedupandaskedifthatwaslove.Whenherteachersaidthatitwasn’t,shewasconfusedand

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(disappoint).

“Ithoughtitstrangethatmyteachercouldnotshowmelove.”Theword“think”

wasalsoadifficultoneforHelenbecauseitissuch

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abstractconcept.However,onedayasshewasworkingonasimpletask,shehadabreakthrough.ShewasmakingnecklaceswiththehelpofAnnewhenshenoticedthatshehadmadesomemistakes.Becauseshewasuncertainhowtofixthem,shestoppedtothinkcarefully.Asshedidthis,AnnetouchedHelen’sforeheadandwrotetheword“think”

onherhand.

“InaflashIknewthatthewordwasthenameoftheprocessthatwasgoingoninmyhead.”ItwasthefirsttimeHelen

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(understand)suchaplexword—

awordforsomethingshecouldn’ttouch.Atthatmoment,hermindreturnedtotheword“l(fā)ove”.Asshethoughtaboutitsmeaningagain,thesuncameout.Shepointedtothesunandaskedherteacheragainifthatwaslove.AnneansweredHelenbyexplainingthatlovewaslikethesunandcloudsinaway.“Youcannottouchtheclouds,youknow;butyoufeeltherain...Youcannottouchloveeither;butyoufeelthesweetnessthatitpoursintoeverything.Withoutloveyouwouldnotbehappyorwanttoplay.”Inthatvividmoment,Helenfinallyunderstoodthebeautifultruthoftheword“l(fā)ove”.參考答案

1.exceptionally

2.restrictions

3.tobreak

4.to

5.excitement6.flowing

7.grasped

8.painful

9.expanded

10.how11.closer

12.unless

13.disappointed

14.an

15.hadunderstood

【Lesson3Understanding】Itseemsobviousnowhowweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding.Tostartwith,weneedquestions.Then,

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(find)

answers,weobservetheworldaroundusandstudythefacts.Afterthat,we

considerpossibleanswersandtest

eachtofindtherightones.Althoughtodaywearemoreusedto

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(type)

afewkey

wordsintoasearchengineandwaitingfortheInternettogiveusananswer,

modernscientistsandthinkersarestillsolvingtheworld’sproblemswiththistypeof

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(analyse)

—luckilyforus.However,inthe17th

centurywhenFrancisBacon(1561–1626)suggestedthatthistypeofthinkingwasthewaytogainknowledge,hewasgoingagainsttheviewsoftheday.AlthoughBaconheld

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importantrankinKingJames’royalcourtofEngland,histrueinterestwasnotthedaytoday,slowand

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(efficient)

workingstyleofthegovernment,buttheworthysearchforknowledge.Thiswascertainlynottheinterestofmostpeopleinhisdays.Atthattime,

provedtheideathat“theEarthisnotthecentreof

theuniverse”,wereoftenpunishedbythechurchwithnooneingto

theirdefence.Thechurchandmanypeopletendedtoignorethefactsand

didn’twanttochallengewhattheyhadalways

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(fortable)

believed.Infact,whenGalileiprovedthatthe

Earthwasnotthecentreofthe

universe,insteadofbelievinghim,

peoplechosetobelieveviewsthatwerealmost2,000yearsold!Itisnotsurprisingthatpeoplewantedtobelievetheseprimitiveideasastheyhadbeenputforwardbythegreat

philosopherAristotle(384–322BCE).He

saidthattheEarthmustbethecentreoftheuniversebecauseitfeltlikethe

Earthwasstandingstill.Galileidisagreed.Atfirst,people

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(approve)

ofhisstudiesandurgedhimtocontinue,butlaterwhenheprovedAristotlewrong,theygrewangryandputhiminprison.Theydidn’twanttoabandonwhatthey’dalways

thoughtastrue.Andthisisstilloftentruetoday.Peoplemaketheassumption

thatifsomeoneimportantand

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(respect)

saysthatsomethingisright,thenit

mustbeso.ButeventhoughAristotlewasagreatmanwhoinspiredmanygreat

scientistsand

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(philosopher)

afterhim,hewaswrongattimes.AndGalileialso

mademistakes.Heisnowknownasthefatherofastronomybuthebelieved

thattheEarthmovedroundthesuninaperfectcircle.Hewaswrong.Therefore,ourunderstandingoftheworldaroundusisconstantlygrowing

andchanging.Inotherwords,welearnmoreeverydayandnoneofuscan

eversitbackandsay,

“Weknowitall.”Weneedtothankthegreatmenofthe

pastfortheir

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(wise).Theyunderstoodthatwedon’tknoweverythingand

probablyneverwill,forthatwouldmeanaworld

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questions.Weowesomuchofourknowledge

andunderstandingoftheworldto

peoplelikeBaconandGalilei,who

werebraveenoughtostepoutfrom

theshadowsof

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(convention)

thought

inordertofindthekingdomof

knowledgethattoday’s

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(civilise)

is

builtupon.Thesemenknewthat

knowledgeandunderstandingare

thingstofightfor;morevitaltoaman,

andmore

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(benefit)

tomankind,somemightsay,thanallthemoneyinthe

world.參考答案

1.tofind

2.typing

3.analysis

4.an

5.inefficient6.who

7.fortably

8.approved

9.respected

10.philosophers11.wisdom

12.without

13.conventional

14.civilisation

15.beneficialUnit6TheMedia

【Lesson1FromPagetoScreen】Readingabookandwatchingafilmaretwoverydifferentexperiences,butit’snormaltohavehigh

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(expectation)

whenafilmofafavouritebookismade.

TherearemanytimesIhavebeenpessimisticaboutoreven

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(disappoint)

byafilmofabookIlove.Althoughhighlyregardedbooksdonotalwaysmake

goodfilms,itissafetosaythatgreatfilmsmaybemadefromnotparticularlygood

books.(TheGodfather

immediatelyspringstomind.)Thesourcematerialforafilmmaybetakenfromclassicnovels,shortstories,

icbooksandstageplays,aswell

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nonfictionsuchasbiographiesand

autobiographies,eventhose

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(write)

byghostwriters.Allcanworkwell,butwhy

domanyadaptationsandindeedremakesfailbothcinemaaudiencesand

critics?Andwhydosomeadaptationsgetlowerratingsthanothers?Akeyquestionis

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(obvious)

howclosetotheoriginalthefilmis.Sinceatypicalfilmisonlyaroundtwohourslong,itbeesaquestionforscreenwriterstodecidewhatisappropriateforthescreenandwhattoleaveout.Screenwriterstakecreativelibertyandsometimestheremaybechangestotheplot,

additions,andevendifferentendingstopleaseproducers,directorsandtestaudiences.I,likemanypeople,haveoftenleftthecinema

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(feel)

“thefilmisnotlikethebook”.Anotherproblemareaisthecast.Findingactorsacceptabletofilmaudiences

canmeanthedifferencebetweensuccessand

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(fail).Readersofthebookuse

theirimaginations

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(visualise)

charactersandhaveverydefiniteideasabout

howcharactersshouldlookandsound.Thisis

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Ithinkmanyfilmadaptationsfalldown.Somebooksarejusttoodifficulttobeadaptedfortechnicalreasons,althoughfilmslike

LifeofPi

arechangingthisidea.CGI(puterGeneratedImage)technologyhashad

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hugeimpactonthefilmindustry.Itallowedthepreviouslyunfilmabletobeeareality.Onemaythinkthatitisthebookwriterwhois

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thebestpositiontodofilmadaptations.Infact,sometimesauthorsareveryinvolvedintheprocessandmayevenbethescreenwriter.Thiscanactuallybeadisadvantagebecausetheymaybetooclosetothematerialandfind

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difficulttoadapttoanewform.Atothertimestheyarenot,andthereareinstanceswherewritershavebeenvery

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(satisfied)withthefilmversionsoftheirwork;StephenKingisanexampleofthis.EvenmoreextremewasnovelistJ.D.Salinger,whomadesurenofilmversionsofhispopularnovel

TheCatcherintheRye

couldeverbemade.Inthissituation,itisclearthatviewerswillnotbedisappointed!Forme,anyway,itisalwaysabadideatowatchafilmofabookyoulove.Despitethechallenges,therehavebeensomehighly

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(success)filmsmadefrompopularbooks.Forme,

Jaws,

HarryPotter

and

TheLordoftheRings

allfitthiscategory.AndpossiblythebestproofofasuccessfuladaptationistheJamesBondseries,themajorityofwhichhasbeenadaptedfromthe

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novelsofIanFleming.Perhapsunusually,audiencesseemtoacceptthattheactorswhohaveplayedJamesBond

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(change)sooften,althougheveryoneseemstohavetheirfavourite.IknowIdo.參考答案

1.expectations

2.disappointed

3.as

4.written

5.obviously6.feeling

7.failure

8.tovisualise

9.where

10.a11.in

12.it

13.unsatisfied

14.successful

15.havechanged【Lesson3TheAdvertisingGame】TheAdvertisingGameTheadvertisingindustrystartedwiththefundamentalpurposeof

promotingandsellinggoodstopeoplewhomightneedthem.Advertising

agencieswouldcreateabasictypeofadvertisementknownasa

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(merce)

advertisement.Suchadvertisementshavegonethrougha

processofchangeovertheyearsalongwithsocial,economicand

2

(technology)

developments.Classicadvertisementsusedtogiveinformationaboutfindingcertain

products.Itwaslikelytobethenameofapany,partof

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might

includethenameoftheplacefromwhichtheproduct

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(originate).For

example,itcouldbe“ShanghaiSewingMachines”,or“TsingTaoBeer

Corporation”.Fromthenameyouwouldknowwhatthepanysells,

wheretheyarelocated,andthenameoftheproduct.Advertisingagenciesusedtocreatethiskindofadvertisinganditcouldbe

veryeffective.Butthentheyrealisedthatitmightnotbesuitablefora

marketplacewhereproductsandservicesareindirect

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(pete)

with

eachother.Particularlynow,inmoderntimes,advertisementsneed

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(attract)andholdtheattentionofthepublic.Forthisreason,it’snownormaltoseeadvertisementsthatconsist

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picturesorwordsfromexpertstoshowpeoplehowgoodtheproductis.Otherstrytocreateadvertisementsthatpeoplesimplyenjoylookingat.Aspresentday

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(advertiser)oftenhavelargebudgets,hugeamountsofmoney

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(be)spentonapplyingmoderndesigntechniquestomaketheseadvertisementsas

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(visual)attractiveaspossible.However,eventhisisoftennotenoug