2025年大學(xué)英語六級考試預(yù)測試卷二

2025年大學(xué)英語六級考試預(yù)測試卷二[問答題]1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycomment（江南博哥）ingontheremark“AdversityLeadstoProsperity”.Youcanciteexamplestoillustrateyourpointandthenexplainwhatyouwilldotoovercomeadversity.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.正確答案：(1)Justas'apopularsayinggoes,adversityleadstoprosperity.Wemaymoreorless(2)tideovertoughtimesinourwholelife,onlyinthiswaycanlifebecolorful.Infact,itisnaturalthateveryoneofusmayface(3)depressionandafflictioninlife,butwecanovercomeanyobstacleaslongaswearediligent,determinedandoptimistic.(4)Onthecontrary,ifwetryeverymeanstoescaperatherthanconfronthardshipsinlife,we(5)aredoomedtobeabandonedbylife.Therefore,ifwetakeonthechallengefromadversity,wewin;ifwefleefromit,welose.Itistruethatwecan'tchooseadversity,butwecanchooseourattitudetowardsit.(6)JusttakeHelenKellerforanexample.Havinglostherhearingandvision,HelenKellergrewintoahighlyintelligentandsuccessfulwomanwhowrote,spoke,andlaboredforthe(7)bettermentofothers.ThestoryofHelenKellerisapowerfulexampleof(8)triumphingoveradversity,andherspiritisworthappreciating,admiringandadvocating.參考解析：(1)開篇點(diǎn)題，是此類作文的常用寫法。(2)tideovertoughtimes意為“渡過艱難時(shí)期”。(3)depression“沮喪”，affliction“苦惱”，obstacle“困難”，diligent“勤奮的”，determined“堅(jiān)毅的”，optimistic“樂觀的”。(4)從正反兩方面論證觀點(diǎn)。(5)aredoomedtobeabandonedbylife意為“注定被生活拋棄”。(6)舉海倫·凱勒的例子論證觀點(diǎn)。(7)betterment意為“改善，改良”。(8)triumphover意為“戰(zhàn)勝”。[問答題]2.中國的龍是中國神話和民間故事里傳說的生物。龍有許多動物的特征，例如龜、魚等。但是，大多情況下龍被描繪成長著四只腳的蛇形動物。傳統(tǒng)意義上龍象征強(qiáng)大的、幸運(yùn)的力量，特別是能夠控制水、雨、颶風(fēng)和洪水。龍還能帶給人權(quán)力，力氣和好運(yùn)。因此，中國的皇帝常常用龍來象征他們的皇權(quán)和力量。在中國人的日常語言中，優(yōu)秀的、超群的人常常被比作龍，而無能的人則被比作蟲。許多中國的格言和諺語也都提到龍。正確答案：Chinesedragonsare(1)legendarycreaturesinChinese(2)mythsand(3)folkstories.Thedragonshavemanyanimal-likeformssuchasturtles,fish,etc.Buttheyaremostcommonly(4)depictedassnake-likewithfourlegs.Chinesedragonstraditionallysymbolize(5)mightinessandluckiness,particularlythepowerofcontrollingwater,rainfall,hurricaneandfloods.Thedragonbringspeoplepower,strength,andgoodluck.(6)Withthis,theEmperorsofChinausuallyusedthedragonasasymboloftheirimperialpowerandstrength.InChinesedailylanguage,excellentandoutstandingpeople(7)arecomparedtoadragon,whileincapablepeoplearecomparedtoawormAnumberofChineseproverbsandidiomsalsohave(8)referencestoadragon.參考解析：(1)“傳說中的”可譯為legendary，是legend的形容詞形式。(2)“神話”可譯為myths。(3)“民間故事”可譯為folkstories。(4)“描繪”可譯為depict。(5)“強(qiáng)大的、幸運(yùn)的力量”可轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞，翻譯為mightinessandluckiness.(6)此處根據(jù)上下文，“因此”可譯為withthis，表示結(jié)果。(7)“被比作……”可譯為becomparedto…。(8)“提到，提及“可譯為referenceto。共享題干題Questions1to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Depressionisaseriousconditionthat_____1___around16millionU.S.adults.Theconditionismorecommoninwomen,butnewresearchsuggeststhatolderwomenwho____2____gotobedearlyandwakeupearlymaybe____3____likelytodeveloptheconditionastheyage.Forthestudy,publishedonlinenowinTheJournalofPsychiatricResearch,theteamlookedatherateofdepressionandsleeppatternsof32,470femaleswhohadtakenpartintheNurses'HealthStudyⅡ.Thewomenhadanaverageageof55,and____4____themselvesaseitherearly,intermediateorlatesleepersandrisers.Theyalsoupdatedtheirdepressionstatususingaquestionnairefrom2011to2013.Results____5____thatwomenwhowenttobedearlyandroseearlyhadmodestlylowerriskofdepression,comparedtotheotherwomen.Inaddition,thosewhowenttobedlateandwokeuplatehada____6____increasedriskofdepression.Accordingtotheresearchers,thissuggeststhatnaturalsleepingpatternmayinfluencetheriskofdepressioninmiddletoolderagedwomen.However,onemajorcaveatofthestudyisthattheresearcherswereunabletoaccountfortherolethatthe____7____andgeneticsplayedintheseresults.Latebedtimesandrisingsarenottheonlysleeppatternsthathavebeenassociatedwithincreasedriskofdepression.TheNationalSleepFoundationreportedthatpeoplewithinsomniaare10timesmorelikelytodevelopdepressionthan____8____whosleepwell.Thosewhosedepressionincludestroublefallingasleepandtroublestayingasleepareatthegreatestriskfordevelopingdepression.Thelinkbetweensleepanddepressionhasbeenlongnotedbyscientists.Forexample,TheNationalSleepFoundationwrotethatlackofsleepanddifficultysleepingisacommonsideeffectofdepression.However,exactlywherethisrelationshiptiesisdifficultto____9____down.Forexample,theFoundationwritesthatbothsleepproblemsanddepressionmaysharesimilarriskfactors,whichcould____10____whytheyareoftenseenhand-in-hand.Betterunderstandingofhowsleeppatternsmayhaveaneffectondepressionriskcouldhelpdoctorsdevelopmoreeffectivepreventionplans.[單選題]1.空白處1應(yīng)填A(yù).revealedB.statisticallyC.individualsD.affectsE.environmentF.naturallyGshortageHnormalIdescribedJscholarsKlessLexplainMcurrentNlandingOpin正確答案：D參考解析：本句缺少謂語成分，空白處應(yīng)填動詞。前面的主語depression為單數(shù)形式，動詞也應(yīng)為單數(shù)形式，所有選項(xiàng)中只有affects“影響”符合句意。故本題選D。[單選題]2.空白處2應(yīng)填A(yù).revealedB.statisticallyC.individualsD.affectsE.environmentF.naturallyGshortageHnormalIdescribedJscholarsKlessLexplainMcurrentNlandingOpin正確答案：F參考解析：根據(jù)空后的動詞go可知，此處應(yīng)填副詞。后面句子意為“早睡早起”，空白處的副詞要修飾“早睡早起”，只有naturally符合句意，連起來可譯為“自然地早睡早起”。故本題選F。[單選題]3..空白處3應(yīng)填A(yù).revealedB.statisticallyC.individualsD.affectsE.environmentF.naturallyGshortageHnormalIdescribedJscholarsKlessLexplainMcurrentNlandingOpin正確答案：K參考解析：根據(jù)本句前后的意思“早睡早起”“這種情況隨著年齡增長”可知，這種情況一般會belikelyto“傾向于”變多或變少這兩種選擇，而這種情況是指抑郁癥?！霸缢缙稹笔莻€(gè)好習(xí)慣，可以緩解抑郁癥，所以由前后文可知，抑郁癥情況會減少，less符合題意。故本題選K。[單選題]4..空白處4應(yīng)填A(yù).revealedB.statisticallyC.individualsD.affectsE.environmentF.naturallyGshortageHnormalIdescribedJscholarsKlessLexplainMcurrentNlandingOpin正確答案：I參考解析：本句and引導(dǎo)并列成分，由and前的had可知，空白處應(yīng)為v+ed的形式，所以可從revealed和de-scribed中考慮。described意為“描述，形容”，revealed意為“透露；顯示”，由本句句意“________為早睡早起型、晚睡晚起型和介于二者之間的類型”可看出，described比較符合。故本題選I。[單選題]5..空白處5應(yīng)填A(yù).revealedB.statisticallyC.individualsD.affectsE.environmentF.naturallyGshortageHnormalIdescribedJscholarsKlessLexplainMcurrentNlandingOpin正確答案：A參考解析：由results可知，空白處應(yīng)填動詞。that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句指代results的具體內(nèi)容，所以應(yīng)為“透露，顯示”結(jié)果.revealed符合題意。故本題選A。[單選題]6.空白處6應(yīng)填A(yù).revealedB.statisticallyC.individualsD.affectsE.environmentF.naturallyGshortageHnormalIdescribedJscholarsKlessLexplainMcurrentNlandingOpin正確答案：B參考解析：由increased可知，空白處應(yīng)填副詞。本句最開始的inaddition承接上一段，繼續(xù)圍繞研究的數(shù)據(jù)和比率進(jìn)行描述，naturally的含義與本句不符。statistically意為“統(tǒng)計(jì)地，統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上地”，符合句意。故本題選B。[單選題]7.空白處7應(yīng)填A(yù).revealedB.statisticallyC.individualsD.affectsE.environmentF.naturallyGshortageHnormalIdescribedJscholarsKlessLexplainMcurrentNlandingOpin正確答案：E參考解析：句子the____andgeneticsplayedintheseresults.譯為“________和基因在這個(gè)研究結(jié)果中所起的作用”，and引導(dǎo)并列成分，其中一個(gè)為基因因素，縱觀全文，只有environment“環(huán)境”可以成為因素。故本題選E。[單選題]8.空白處8應(yīng)填A(yù).revealedB.statisticallyC.individualsD.affectsE.environmentF.naturallyGshortageHnormalIdescribedJscholarsKlessLexplainMcurrentNlandingOpin正確答案：C參考解析：文中who引導(dǎo)定語從句，主語是人。individuals意為“個(gè)人，個(gè)體”，scholars意為“學(xué)者；學(xué)生”。這里并沒有特指與學(xué)者、學(xué)生有關(guān)的信息，因此individuals符合句意。故本題選C。[單選題]9.空白處9應(yīng)填A(yù).revealedB.statisticallyC.individualsD.affectsE.environmentF.naturallyGshortageHnormalIdescribedJscholarsKlessLexplainMcurrentNlandingOpin正確答案：O參考解析：文中pindown為固定搭配，意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)，查明”。由空白處前的句子可知，“睡眠和抑郁兩者間的關(guān)系很難被________”，因此pindown符合句意。故本題選O。[單選題]10.空白處10應(yīng)填?A.revealedB.statisticallyC.individualsD.affectsE.environmentF.naturallyGshortageHnormalIdescribedJscholarsKlessLexplainMcurrentNlandingOpin正確答案：L參考解析：由空白處后的why可知，此句解釋“睡眠問題和抑郁癥可能有相似的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素”的原因。句意為“這可以________它們看起來這么相似的原因”，根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系可以判斷出，explain符合句意。故本題選L。參考譯文抑郁癥是一種嚴(yán)重的疾病，影響了大約1600萬美國成年人。這種情況在女性中更為常見，但新的研究表明，自然早睡早起的老年女性隨著年齡的增長會降低患抑郁癥的概率。這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)表在《精神病學(xué)研究期刊》網(wǎng)頁版上，32470位女性參加了第二期護(hù)士健康研究，團(tuán)隊(duì)研究了她們患抑郁癥的比例以及睡眠模式。這些女性的平均年齡為55歲，并將自己描述為早睡早起型、晚睡晚起型和介于二者之間的類型。她們還使用2011年至2013年的調(diào)查問卷更新了自己的抑郁狀態(tài)。結(jié)果顯示，與其他女性相比，早睡早起的女性患抑郁癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相對更低。此外，從統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上來看，那些晚睡晚醒的人會增加患抑郁癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。研究人員稱，這表明自然睡眠模式可能會影響中老年女性抑郁的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。然而，需要注意的是，研究人員無法解釋環(huán)境和遺傳在這些結(jié)果中所起的作用。晚睡晚起并不是唯一與患抑郁癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加有關(guān)的睡眠模式。美國國家睡眠基金會報(bào)告稱，患有失眠癥的人患抑郁癥的可能性是睡眠良好的人的10倍。抑郁癥有入睡困難的癥狀，而入睡困難的人患抑郁癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)最大?？茖W(xué)家們早就注意到睡眠和抑郁之間的聯(lián)系。例如，美國國家睡眠基金會寫道，睡眠不足和睡眠困難是抑郁癥的常見癥狀。然而，很難弄清楚這二者有什么聯(lián)系。例如，基金會認(rèn)為睡眠問題和抑郁癥可能有相似的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素，這可以解釋它們經(jīng)?？雌饋磉@么相似的原因。更好地了解睡眠模式如何影響患抑郁癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可以幫助醫(yī)生制定更有效的預(yù)防計(jì)劃。Sugar—FriendVSEnemy(A)Sugariseverywhere.It'sinourdrinks,it'sinourfoods,andit'shiddeninplacesweneverwouldthinkof.Manywouldcallsugartheirfriendintimeofneed,butinfacttheirso-called“goodfriend”couldturnouttobetheirworstenemyindisguise.Sugarformanyissomethingtheymayhavebeenbattlingwithforalongtime.Here'sasimplethree-stepprocesstohelpyoustarttowinbackthebattleforyourhealth.(B)Thefirststepistobeawareofwhatsugarreallydoestoyourbody.Mostpeoplewillsaythey“know”thattheyshouldn'thavesugar,buttheyreallycan'thelpit.Tomethatisalackoftrueawarenessofwhatsugardoestooneself.Idon'tthinkmanypeoplewillsaythattheywanttohurttheirbodyonpurpose,butunlesstheyknowit'sreallyhappeningtheywillcontinuedownthatroad.Sugarisslowertoimpactourhealth,andit'sthatslowdestructiveprocessthatisthemostdangerous.Unfortunately,mostpeopledon'tknowthedamageuntilithasalreadybeendone.(C)Sugarincreasesfatstoring.Possiblythemostimportanthormoneinthebodyisinsulin(胰島素),whenitcomestoweightlossandhealth.Insulinisthemainhormonethatwehavefullcontroloverdailythroughourdietandlifestyle.Whenweeatsugaranditentersintoourbloodstreamtooquickly,wehaveaspikeinbloodsugarlevels.Nowintimesofhighactivityweareabletobumitoff,butifwearesittingaroundthisisnotagoodthing.Soinresponsetothathighlevelofbloodsugar,thebodywillreleasemoreinsulinintothebloodstream.Insulinwillthentaketheexcessglucose(葡萄糖)andtrytofindaplacetostoreit.Ifyourmusclesareallfullorhaveinsulinresistancethenthebestplacetoputtheexcessglucoseisfatcells.Wheninsulinishigh,thefatcellsaretoldtoshutdownanyprocessofreleasingstoredfatintothebloodforburning.Withchronichighinsulinspikescomesaresistancetoitbyyourcells,leadingtomoreinsulinproduction,leadingtomorefatstoring,andmoreresistance,eventuallygoingdownaroadofdiabetesandillhealthforthewholebody.(D)Sugaralsodisruptsnormalbrainfunction.Ithinkmostpeoplecanrelatetomoodswingsandenergyhighs/lowsthatcomeafterahighsugarmeal.Sugarcanalsobethesourceofmanypeople'sincreasedanxietyanddepression.Letusnotalsoforgetthekidswithever-increasingattention“disorders”andbehavioralissues.Sugarisnothelpingwiththat,either.Infact,therehavebeenmanystudiesthatshowwhentakingsugaroutofakid'sdietandincreasingfatintake,theirattentionabilityincreases,theirbehaviorchangesforthebetter.(E)Sugardecreasesyouroverallhealthandmakesyouagequicker.Toomuchsugarwillloweryouroverallimmunesystem,increasedestructiveinflammation,leadtoessentialmineraldeficienciesinthebody,feedbadbacteriagrowthinyourgutandotherwonderfulstuff.Agingisjustafancywordforthebodybreakingdownquickerthanitcanrepairitself,asthatiswhathappenswhenwegetolder.Agingalsoisacceleratedbytheincreasingrisksofalldegenerativediseasessuchasdiabetes,osteoporosis,heartdiseaseandcancers.Weareallgoingtogetolder,butitdoesn'tmeanthatwehaveto“age”quicker.(F)Thesecondstepistorealizeyouarein100%controlofyouractions.Thiscouldbethemostunderratedyetthemostimportantstep,aswearetheonlypersonwhocontrolswhatweputintoourbody.Everythingstartsinwhatwechoosetoputinourmouths.Somepeoplemaysaytheycan'tcontroltheirsugarcravings,butthatisalreadyadmittingdefeatandgivinguppowertosome“cosmicsugarinfluence”outthere.Wecanpassondessert,wedon'tneedtobuyacandybar,wecandrinkwaterinsteadofsoda,butthechoiceisourstomake.(G)Alsomanyliketocallitan“addiction”.Thisisjustanotherwaytogiveupyourownpersonalpowerofchoice.Whilesugarcanhave"addictivelike"qualities,it'snotsomethingthatyouownorisapartofyou.Fightthebattleandyouwillgetovertheaddictivefeelings,theywillgoaway.Butifyoucallitanaddictionandmakeitpartofyou,thenitisyourstokeepforever.Befreefromit,letgo.Takebackcontrolandanythingispossible.(H)Thethirdstepistojustlivethedailyjourneyonechoiceatatime.Lifeisjustaseriesofpresentmoments,andthechoiceswemakeinthosemoments.Solet'sjustfocusonwhatwecandorightnowinsteadofworryingaboutwhathashappenedinthepastormayormaynothappeninthefuture.“Now”isallwehaveandallweneedtofocuson.(I)Choosetoeatmorenaturalfoods.Choosewholefoodproteins,healthyfatsandnaturalsourcesofcarbohydrates(碳水化合物).Ifitwasn'taroundathousandyearsagoorismadebyman(andnotnature),chancesareyoudon'tneedit.Notehowitsays“Choose”above,asitisyourchoice.Findthehiddensourcesofsugarsandremovethem.Sugarishiddeninplacessuchassauces,ketchup,soups,processedfoods,drinks,socalledhealthbars,andmore.Becomealabelreaderandseehowmuchsugaryouareconsistentlyputtingintoyourbody.Don'tfallforthemarketingtrickeitherof“l(fā)owfat”,becausethatusuallymeans“moresugar”.[單選題]11.Weareabletolowerbloodsugarlevelsbytakingpartinintenseactivities.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）正確答案：C參考解析：此句意為“通過參加劇烈活動，我們能夠降低血糖水平”，與C段的Nowintimesofhighactivityweareabletobumitoff意思相同，intenseactivities對應(yīng)文中的highactivity，lower對應(yīng)原文中的bum…off。故本題選C。[單選題]12.Ifyouconsidersugarasanaddictionandcallitsomethingthatyouown,youwon'tgetridofitforever.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）正確答案：G參考解析：此句意為“如果你認(rèn)為吃糖是上癮并把它看作你擁有的一部分，你就永遠(yuǎn)無法擺脫糖的壞處”，與G段Butifyoucallitanaddictionandmakeitpartofyou，thenitisyourstokeepforever.意思相同。故本題選G。[單選題]13.Intheauthor'sopinion,thereasonwhymanypeoplecan'thelphavingsugaristhattheyareunawareofitsdanger.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）正確答案：B參考解析：此句意為“作者認(rèn)為，許多人忍不住吃糖是因?yàn)樗麄儧]有認(rèn)識到糖的危害”，與B段Mostpeoplewillsaythey“know”thattheyshouldn’thavesugar,buttheyreallycan'thelpit.Tomethatisalackoftrueawarenessofwhatsugardoestooneself意思相同。故本題選B。[單選題]14.Wheninsulininthebloodstreamishigh,fatcellswillstopreleasingstoredfat.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）正確答案：C參考解析：此句意為“當(dāng)血液中的胰島素水平升高時(shí)，脂肪細(xì)胞就會停止釋放儲存的脂肪”，與C段Wheninsulinishigh，thefatcellsaretoldtoshutdownanyprocessofreleasingstoredfatintothebloodforburning.意思相同。故本題選C。[單選題]15.Theauthorbelievesthatsugarwhichwecalled“goodfriend”intimeofneedinfactisahiddenenemy.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）正確答案：A參考解析：此句意為“作者認(rèn)為，我們在需要的時(shí)候稱為‘好朋友’的糖實(shí)際上是潛在的敵人”，與A段Manywouldcallsugartheirfriendintimeofneed,butinfacttheirso-called“goodfriend”couldturnouttobetheirworstenemyindisguise.意思相同。故本題選A。[單選題]16.Manystudiesshowthatsugar-freedietswithmorefatcanimprovechildren'sattentionability.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）正確答案：D參考解析：此句意為“大量研究表明含有更多脂肪的無糖飲食能夠改善兒童的注意力”，與D段Infact,therehavebeenmanystudiesthatshowwhentakingsugaroutofakid'sdietandincreasingfatintake,theirattentionabilityincreases，theirbehaviorchangesforthebetter.意思相同。故本題選D。[單選題]17.Thetruththatwegetolderisthatourbodybreaksdownfasterthanitcanbeself-repaired.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）正確答案：E參考解析：此句意為“我們變老的真相就是身體垮掉的速度快于它自我修復(fù)的速度”，與E段Agingisjustafancywordforthebodybreakingdownquickerthanitcanrepairitself,asthatiswhathappenswhenwegetolder.意思相同。故本題選E。[單選題]18.Youyieldtoyouraddictivefeelings,whichmeansyougiveupyourownpersonalpowerofchoice.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）正確答案：F參考解析：此句意為“你向上癮的感覺屈服，這就意味著你放棄了個(gè)人選擇的權(quán)利”，與F段Somepeoplemaysaytheycan'tcontroltheirsugarcravings,butthatisalreadyadmittingdefeatandgivinguppowertosome“cosmicsugarinfluence”outthere.意思相同，yieldto對應(yīng)原文的defeat。故本題選F。[單選題]19.Theauthorbelievesthattakinghighsugarmealsmayresultinmoodfluctuation.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）正確答案：D參考解析：此句意為“作者認(rèn)為攝入高糖飲食會導(dǎo)致情緒波動”，與D段Sugaralsodisruptsnormalbrainfunction.Ithinkmostpeoplecanrelatetomoodswingsandenergyhighs／lowsthatcomeafterahighsugarmeal.意思相同。故本題選D。[單選題]20.Tobehealthy,whatweshoulddonowistoeatnaturalfoodsandgetridofthehiddensourcesofsugars.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）正確答案：I參考解析：此句意為“為了健康，我們現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該做的是吃天然食品，并擺脫隱藏的糖”，與I段的第一句話和第五句話意思相同，getridof對應(yīng)原文中的remove。故本題選I。參考譯文糖——朋友還是敵人A)糖無處不在。它存在于我們的飲料、食物以及其他我們絕對想不到的地方。許多人在需要補(bǔ)充糖的時(shí)候都會說糖是他們的好朋友，實(shí)際上他們所謂的“好朋友”可能是經(jīng)過偽裝的最大的敵人。對于許多人來說，糖是他們需要長期奮戰(zhàn)對付的東西。下面介紹一種簡單的三步法來幫助你打贏這場戰(zhàn)役。B)第一步就是認(rèn)識到糖對你的身體到底有什么作用。許多人說他們“知道”不應(yīng)該吃糖，但忍不住要吃。在我看來，這正是對糖的作用缺乏真正認(rèn)識的表現(xiàn)。我相信，不會有人會說他們想去故意地傷害自己的身體，但是他們不知道的是，他們確實(shí)一直在這么做。糖會對我們的健康產(chǎn)生緩慢的影響，正是這種緩慢的過程才是最危險(xiǎn)的。不幸的是，在對健康的危害沒有真正表現(xiàn)出來以前，大多數(shù)人是不會意識到有什么危害的。C)糖會增加脂肪的堆積。當(dāng)談到減肥與健康時(shí)，我們就必須談到身體內(nèi)最重要的激素——胰島素。胰島素是我們可以通過日常飲食與生活方式完全控制的主要激素。當(dāng)我們攝入糖并且糖過快進(jìn)入血液時(shí)，血糖水平就會上升。在我們劇烈活動時(shí)，糖就會被消耗掉，但如果我們整天坐著，那就不是什么好事情了。當(dāng)血糖水平升高時(shí)，身體就會釋放更多的胰島素進(jìn)入血液里。胰島素會帶走超量的葡萄糖并試圖找到能夠儲存糖的地方。如果你的肌肉很豐滿或者有胰島素抵抗，那么儲存多余糖的最好地方就是脂肪細(xì)胞。胰島素水平高的時(shí)候，會刺激脂肪細(xì)胞停止任何將存儲脂肪釋放到血液中消耗掉的活動。長期慢性的高胰島素水平會使身體的其他細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生胰島素抵抗，從而導(dǎo)致更多的胰島素產(chǎn)生，有更多脂肪堆積，進(jìn)而產(chǎn)生更多的胰島素抵抗，最終引發(fā)糖尿病，身體狀況全面惡化。D)糖也會干擾正常的大腦功能。我想大部分人在吃過一頓含糖量高的飯后，都會把情緒波動與所獲能量的多少聯(lián)系起來。糖也是大部分人焦慮感和沮喪感增加的源頭。我們也不要忘記那些患有注意力障礙和多動癥的孩子們。糖帶來的問題遠(yuǎn)不止這些。實(shí)際上，大量研究表明，讓孩子吃無糖飲食，增加脂肪攝入，他們的注意力也會變得集中，行為也會變好。E)糖會影響你的總體健康，還會使你加速衰老。過量的糖會降低免疫系統(tǒng)的抵抗力，增加產(chǎn)生惡性炎癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，導(dǎo)致體內(nèi)必需礦物質(zhì)的缺乏，促進(jìn)內(nèi)臟和其他組織的有害細(xì)菌滋長。老齡化只是一個(gè)充滿想象的詞語，它指的是身體垮掉的速度超過了它自我修復(fù)的速度，我們就是這樣逐漸老去的。一些全身退化性疾病如糖尿病、骨質(zhì)疏松癥、心臟病和癌癥的患病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加的話，也會加速衰老。我們都會慢慢變老，但這不意味著我們被動得“老”得更快。F)第二步是認(rèn)識到你完全可以100%地掌控自己的行動。這是最容易被忽視卻是最重要的一步，因?yàn)橹挥形覀冏约耗軌驔Q定把什么東西輸入自己的身體。所謂病從口入。一些人可能會說自己控制不住吃糖的欲望，這就等于已經(jīng)承認(rèn)了自己的失敗以及放棄了減少糖對身體的壞影響的權(quán)利。我們可以不吃甜點(diǎn)，我們不必買棒棒糖，我們可以用喝白水替代喝蘇打水，選擇權(quán)在我們手上。G)也有許多人將之稱為“上癮”。這只是將放棄你的個(gè)人選擇權(quán)換了個(gè)說法而已。盡管糖有一些“類似上癮物質(zhì)”的特性，但它并不是你特有的，也不是你的一部分。與吃糖的欲望作斗爭，你就會克服吃糖上癮的感覺，這種感覺就會消失。但是如果你把吃糖稱為“上癮”，那么它就真的成為你離不開的一部分，那你就永遠(yuǎn)也擺脫不了糖的壞處。把自己從吃糖上癮中解放出來吧?？刂葡伦约喊?，沒有什么是不可能的。H)第三步就是過好自己選擇的日子。生活是由無數(shù)個(gè)現(xiàn)在組成的，即我們在當(dāng)時(shí)所做的選擇組成的。因此，讓我們只關(guān)注自己目前能做什么，而不是為發(fā)生在過去的事情擔(dān)憂，或?yàn)閷頃l(fā)生或不會發(fā)生什么而發(fā)愁?！艾F(xiàn)在”是我們所擁有的一切，也是需要我們關(guān)注的全部。I)多吃些天然的食品吧。選擇所有的食物蛋白質(zhì)、健康的脂肪和天然的碳水化合物。假如不是存在一千多年，也不是人工制作的（或大自然生產(chǎn)的），那么你就不需要它。注意前面為什么要說“選擇”，因?yàn)槟鞘悄愕臋?quán)利。找出糖藏身的地方，除掉它。糖藏在諸如沙拉醬、番茄醬、湯、加工食品、飲料以及所謂的健康小食品中。經(jīng)常閱讀食品上的標(biāo)簽，看看你往身體里面攝入了多少糖。不要掉進(jìn)營銷設(shè)計(jì)的“低脂肪”的陷阱中去，因?yàn)槟峭馕吨昂歉唷?。Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Oldstereotypesdiehard.Pictureavideo-gameplayerandyouwilllikelyimagineateenageboy,byhimself,compulsivelyhammeringawayatagameinvolvingraygunsandaliensthatsplatterwhenblasted.Tenyearsagothatmighthavebornesomerelationtoreality.Buttodayagamerisaslikelytobeamiddle-agedcommuterplaying“AngryBirds”onhersmartphone.InAmerica,thebiggestmarket,theaveragegame-playeris37yearsold.Two-fifthsarefemale.Overthepasttenyearsthevideo-gameindustryhasgrownfromasmallbusinesstoahuge,mainstreamone.Withglobalsalesof$56billionin2010,itismorethantwicethesizeoftherecorded-musicindustry.Despitethedownturn,itisgrowingbyalmost9%ayear.Isthissuccessduetoluckorskill?Theanswermatters,becausetherestoftheentertainmentindustryhastendedtotreatgamingasbeingaluckybeneficiaryofbroadertechnologicalchanges.Videogaming,unlikemusic,filmortelevision,hadthelucktobeborndigital.Infact,thereisplentyforoldmediatolearn.Videogameshavecertainlybeensweptalongbytwoforces:demographyandtechnology.Thefirstgaminggeneration—thechildrenofthe1970sandearly1980s—isnowover30.Manystilllovegaming,andcanaffordtospendfarmoreonitnow.Meanwhilerapidimprovementsincomputingpowerhaveallowedgamedesignerstoofferexperiencesthatarenowoftenmorecinematicthanthecinema.Butevengrantedthisgoodfortune,thegame-makershavebeenclever.Theyhavereachedouttonewcustomerswithnewmethods.Theyhavebranchedoutintoeducation,corporatetrainingandevenwarfare,andhaveembraceddigitaldownloadsandmobiledeviceswithenthusiasm.Thoughbig-budgetgamesarestillpopular,muchofthegrowthnowcomesfrom“casual”gamesthataresimple,cheapandplayableinshortburstsonmobilephonesorinwebbrowsers.Theindustryhasexcelledinaparticulararea—pricing.Inanerawhenpeoplearedisinclinedtopayforcontentontheweb,gamespublisherswerequicktodevelop“freemium”models,whereyourelyonnon-payingcustomerstobuildanaudienceandthenextractcashonlyfromafanaticalfew.Asgamingcomestobeseenasjustanothermedium,its[tech-savvyapproach]

couldprovideawelcomeshotinthearmforexistingmediagroups.[單選題]21.ThetwoexamplesinParagraphlareusedtoillustratethat________.A.video-gameplayerstendtobeolderB.femalesinAmericatendtoenjoyplayingvideogamesC.itishardtochangeoldstereotypesD.thevideo-gameindustryhasgrownrapidly正確答案：D參考解析：推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第一段。第一段主要談及人們老套的成見，即談到電子游戲玩家，你可能會想到一個(gè)小男孩獨(dú)自癡迷地玩游戲，在十年前這可能是現(xiàn)實(shí)；但十年后的今天可能是個(gè)中年的上班族在玩游戲。第二段開頭緊接著講“在過去十年中，電子游戲行業(yè)已經(jīng)從一個(gè)微不足道的小行業(yè)發(fā)展成為一個(gè)龐大的主流產(chǎn)業(yè)”?？梢娢闹袑⒌谝欢蔚膬蓚€(gè)例子作對比是用來說明十年中電子游戲行業(yè)由弱到強(qiáng)的變化趨勢。故本題選D。[單選題]22.AllofthefollowingmethodsareemployedtoattractnewcustomersEXCEPT________.A.toexpandbusinessintootherfieldsB.toembracemobiledevicesC.todevelopbig-budgetgamesD.todevelop“casual”games正確答案：C參考解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第五段。根據(jù)branchedoutintoeducation,corporatetrainingandevenwarfare可知A項(xiàng)正確。根據(jù)haveembraceddigitaldownloadsandmobiledevices可知B項(xiàng)正確。根據(jù)Thoughbig-budgetgamesarestillpopular,muchofthegrowthnowcomesfrom“casual”games…可知D項(xiàng)正確。故本題選C。[單選題]23.Onespecialfactorofthesuccessofvideogamesisthat________.A.demographyB.flexiblepricingC.digitaltechnologyD.cinematicdesign正確答案：B參考解析：推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞specialfactor定位到第六段。開頭提到Theindustryhasexcelledinaparticulararea—pricing，題干是對原文的同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是造成電子游戲行業(yè)成功的原因，但特殊的原因之一就是pricing，這是音樂、電影和電視等傳統(tǒng)媒體尤其需要學(xué)習(xí)的。故本題選B。[單選題]24.Whatcanyoulearnfrom“freemium”model??A.Itmakespeopleinclinedtopayforcontentontheweb.B.Itreliesonnon-payingcustomerstomakeaprofit.C.Itmakesmoneyonlyfromafewfanaticalcustomers.D.Itearnslittleforthegame-publishers.正確答案：C參考解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第六段。根據(jù)…“freemium”models，whereyourelyonnon-payingcustomerstobuildanaudienceandthenextractcashonlyfromafanaticalfew可知，“免費(fèi)增值”模式依賴不付費(fèi)的顧客來擴(kuò)大客戶群，然后從少量癡迷的顧客身上賺錢。故本題選C。[單選題]25.Thephrase“tech-savvyapproach”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans________.A.approachofunderstandingtechnologyB.approachofusingtechnologyC.approachofdevelopingtechnologyD.approachofrelyingontechnology正確答案：B參考解析：含義題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到最后一段。短語意為“……的途徑（方法、策略）”。本文主要講電子游戲行業(yè)發(fā)展壯大的原因，文中提到了科技進(jìn)步的因素。最后一段提到“電子游戲行業(yè)技術(shù)的運(yùn)營策略對其他各種現(xiàn)有的媒體應(yīng)當(dāng)有很大的啟示作用”，那么只能是“利用技術(shù)”。故本題選B。參考譯文老套的成見總是難以改變。談到電子游戲玩家，你可能會想到一個(gè)十幾歲的男孩，獨(dú)自著了迷似地重復(fù)玩著一個(gè)游戲，游戲中多半會有光電槍和外星人，爆炸聲噼噼啪啪響個(gè)不停。十年以前，這多少是符合實(shí)際情況的。但當(dāng)今的玩家很可能是個(gè)中年上班族，正在她的智能手機(jī)上玩“憤怒的小鳥”。在電子游戲最大市場的美國，玩家的平均年齡是37歲，女性占五分之二。在過去十年中，電子游戲行業(yè)已經(jīng)從一個(gè)微不足道的小行業(yè)發(fā)展成為一個(gè)龐大的主流產(chǎn)業(yè)。2010年電子游戲的全球銷售值高達(dá)560億美元，相當(dāng)于音樂碟片行業(yè)的兩倍。即便在目前經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條的情況下，電子游戲行業(yè)仍然有著近9%的年增長率。電子游戲行業(yè)的成功是由于幸運(yùn)還是由于本事？弄清這個(gè)問題意義重大。因?yàn)槠渌麏蕵沸袠I(yè)都傾向于認(rèn)為游戲行業(yè)幸運(yùn)地得益于科技領(lǐng)域的總體進(jìn)步。和音樂、電影、電視不一樣，電子游戲一開始就是以數(shù)據(jù)技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)的。其實(shí)，電子游戲行業(yè)有很多東西是值得傳統(tǒng)媒體學(xué)習(xí)的。誠然，電子游戲的發(fā)展受到兩大力量的推動：人口和科技。第一代游戲玩家-20世紀(jì)70年代和80年代早期出生的孩子——現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)三十多歲了。他們中很多人仍然喜歡電子游戲，也花得起更多的錢。同時(shí)，迅速發(fā)展的電腦技術(shù)已經(jīng)可以使游戲設(shè)計(jì)得比影院還具有影院效果。即便有這些幸運(yùn)之處，電子游戲生產(chǎn)商的聰明也是不可忽視的。為了吸引新顧客，他們使出了新的招數(shù)。他們已經(jīng)把業(yè)務(wù)擴(kuò)展到了教育、公司培訓(xùn)，甚至軍事領(lǐng)域，并且正積極地在數(shù)據(jù)下載、移動通信領(lǐng)域下功夫。大型游戲仍然很熱門，但現(xiàn)在業(yè)務(wù)增長更多地來自那些更為“隨意”的游戲，這類游戲簡單、廉價(jià)，并且可以短時(shí)間地在手機(jī)或網(wǎng)上玩一下。電子游戲產(chǎn)業(yè)擅長的一個(gè)特別的領(lǐng)域是定價(jià)。鑒于當(dāng)下人們對網(wǎng)上提供的各種內(nèi)容大都不愿付費(fèi)，游戲軟件的出版商們及時(shí)創(chuàng)造了“免費(fèi)增值”模式，這種模式依賴不付費(fèi)的顧客來擴(kuò)大客戶群，然后從少量癡迷的顧客身上賺錢。隨著電子游戲被看作另一種媒體，電子游戲行業(yè)善于利用技術(shù)的運(yùn)營策略對其他各種現(xiàn)有的媒體應(yīng)當(dāng)有很大的啟示作用。Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Forexpatparents,passingontheirnativelanguagescanbeastruggle.Notsharingyourfirstlanguagewithlovedonesishard.Notpassingitontoyourownchildcanbeespeciallytough.Manyexpatandimmigrantparentsfeelasenseoffailure;theywringtheirhandsandsharestoriesonpar-entingforumsandsocialmedia,hopingtofindthesecrettonurturingbilingualchildrensuccessfully.Childrenarelinguisticsponges,butthisdoesn'tmeanthatcursoryexposureisenough.Theymusthearalanguagequiteabittounderstanditanduseitoftentobeabletospeakitcomfortably.Thisismentalwork,andachildwhodoesn'thaveamotivetospeakalanguage—eitheraneedorastrongdesire—willoftenavoidit.Children'sbrainsarealreadybusyenough.Solanguagesoftenwitheranddiewhenparentsmoveabroad.That'sbecause,typically,thefirstgenerationborninAmericaisbilingual,andthesecondismonolingual—inEnglish,thechildrenoftenstrugglingtospeakeasilywiththeirimmigrantgrandparents.Inthepast,governmentsdiscouragedimmigrantfamiliesfromkeepingtheirlanguages.Thesedays,offcialstendtobelessinterventionist,someevenseeavaluableresourceinimmigrants'lan-guageabilities.Yetmanyfactorsconspiretoensurethatchildrenstilllosetheirparents'languages,orneverlearnthem.Abigoneisinstitutionalpressure.Achild'stimespentwithasecondlanguageistimenotspentontheirfirst.Soteachersoftendiscourageparentsfromspeakingtheirlanguagestotheirchildren.(Thisisespeciallytrueifthesecondlanguagelacksprestige.)Parentsoftenreluctantlycomply,worriedabouttheiroffspring'seducation.Thisisashame;childrenreallycanmastertwolanguagesorevenmore.Researchdoesindeedsuggesttheirvocabularyineachlanguagemaybesomewhatsmallerforawhile.Butotherstudieshintatcognitiveadvantagesamongbilinguals.Theymaybemoreadeptatcomplextasks,betteratmaintainingattention,and(attheotherendoflife)suffertheonsetofdementialater.Evenwithoutthoseside-effects,though,abilingualchild'sconnectiontorelativesandanothercultureisagoodthinginitself.Howtobringitabout?Whenbothparentssharetheheritagelan-guage,thestrategyisoftentospeakthatathome,andthenationallanguageoutside.Butwhentheyhavedifferentlanguages,perhapsthemostcommonapproachis“oneparent,onelanguage”.Fran-coisGrosjean,alinguistattheUniversityofNeuchatelinSwitzerland,emphasisesnecessity.Here-commendsreservingoccasionsonwhichtheonlylanguagethatmaybespokenistheonethatneedssupport.SabineLittle,aGermanlinguistattheUniversityofSheffield,putstheemphasiselsewhere.Makingtheheritagelanguageyetanothertaskimposedbyparentscanleadtorejection,sheargues.Sherecommendslettingthechildforgetheirownemotionalconnectiontothelanguage.MsLittlesuggestslearningthroughappsandentertainmentmadefornativespeakers;theeducationaltypesmackofhomework,sh