2018-2019學年高中一輪復習英語講義必修三Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina

Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina一、單詞表詞匯全查驗——運用多媒體，提問默寫詞匯Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)[第一屏聽寫]1．philosophern． 哲學家2．philosophyn. 哲學3．advisern. 顧問4．barkn. 樹皮[第二屏聽寫]5．leathern． 皮革6．monkn. 和尚7．categoryn. 范疇；種類8．sutran. (佛教的)經(jīng)Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英)[第三屏聽寫]1．equaladj. 平等的2．importancen. 重要；重要性3．teachingn. (常作復數(shù))教導；學說4．thinkern. 思想家5._kindnessn. 善良[第四屏聽寫]6．ordern． 秩序7．principle_n. 原則；準則8．positionn. 職位9．stressvt. 強調10._resignvi. 辭職[第五屏聽寫]11．influentialadj. 有影響的12._loven. 仁愛13．honestyn. 誠實14．justicen. 公正15．contributionn. 貢獻[第六屏聽寫]16．inventvt. 發(fā)明17．softadj. 柔軟的18．inventorn. 發(fā)明家19．argumentn. 爭論；辯論；議論20．freedomn. 自由[第七屏聽寫]21．conditionn． 狀況；條件；環(huán)境22．fueln. 燃料23．be_at_war_with 與……交戰(zhàn)24．bring_up 養(yǎng)育；撫養(yǎng)[第八屏聽寫]25．bee_interested_in對……感興趣26．be_proud_of為……自豪27．in_conclusion總之28．for_the_first_time第一次二、單元核心考點初熱身——提供語境，單元考點自測回顧(一)分類識記單詞——用時少·功效高識記單詞寫對Ⅰ.知其意(英譯漢)1.philosophern．哲學家2.philosophyn.哲學3.advisern.顧問4.leathern．皮革5.categoryn.范疇；種類Ⅱ.寫其形(漢譯英)1.teachingn.(常作復數(shù))教導；學說2.thinkern．思想家3.kindnessn.善良4.loven.仁愛5.softadj.柔軟的核心單詞練通1.WhatIwanttostress(強調)isthathealthisalsoveryimportantforyou.2.Althoughtheusedcarseemsingoodcondition(狀況),itcan'truntoofast.3.Hedecidedtoresign(辭職)andgaveupthepositionasamanagerbecauseofpoorhealth.4.Heisstrictwithhimselfanddoesn'tdoanythingagainsthisprinciples(原則)．5.Mostairpollutioniscausedbytheburningoffuels(燃料)likecoal,gasandoil.拓展單詞用活[記全記牢]1.equaladj.平等的；相等的v.比得上→equalityn．平等→equallyadv.平等地；相等地2.importancen．重要；重要性→importantadj.重要的3.ordern．秩序→orderlyadj.整潔的；有秩序的4.influentialadj.有影響的→influencen．&v.影響5.honestyn．誠實→honestadj.誠實的6.justicen．公正→justadj.公正的7.contributionn．貢獻→contributev.貢獻8.inventvt.發(fā)明→inventionn．發(fā)明→inventorn．發(fā)明家9.argumentn．爭論；辯論；議論→arguev.爭論；爭辯10.freedomn．自由→freeadj.自由的；空閑的；免費的[用準用活]1.Allmenarebornequal,_soeveryonehopestobetreatedequallybecauseequalityisthebasicdemand.(equal)2.Hisgreatcontributionstothepanyhavecontributedtoitsrapiddevelopmentinrecentyears.(contribute)3.Thehonestboyimpressedalltheemployerswithhishonesty.(honesty)4.Edisonwasagreatinventorandwasfamousforhisinventionsbecauseheinventedmanythingsinhislife.(invent)5.Williamstartedoffonthewrongfootbyhavinganargumentwiththemanageronhisfirstdayatwork.Hearguedwithhimoversomethingunimportant.WearguethatWilliamshouldfindabetterwaytoexpresshisidearatherthanbehavethatway.(argue)?eq\a\vs4\al(積得多平時多輸入，用時順手出)1.名詞后綴-ness大觀園①kindness善良②blindness盲目③darkness黑暗④weakness虛弱⑤loneliness寂寞2.-y結尾名詞一覽①honesty誠實②difficultyn.困難③modesty謙虛④discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)⑤delivery投遞；交付3.名詞后綴-dom薈萃①freedom自由②boredom無聊③kingdom王國④wisdom智慧4.“燃料”名詞集錦①fuel燃料②coal煤炭③oil石油④gas汽油⑤petrol汽油(二)語段串記短語——不枯燥·興趣高先寫對再用準第一組1.agree_with同意；與……相符；適合(某人)2.bee_interested_in對……感興趣3.for_the_first_time第一次4.more_than超過5.be_similar_to與……相似LiHua①became_interested_inEnglishwhenhebegantolearnit②for_the_first_time.Nowhehaslearned③more_than3,000Englishwords,andoncegotthefirstprizeintheEnglishpetition.I④agree_withhisopinionthatinterestisthebestmotivation.第二組1.be_at_war_with與……交戰(zhàn)2._bring_up養(yǎng)育；撫養(yǎng)3.a_sense_of_responsibility責任感4.be_proud_of為……自豪5.in_conclusion總之Heusedto①be_proud_ofhishometown,abeautifulvillagewherehewasbornand②brought_up.Nowhiscountry③is_at_war_withitsneighboringcountry,sohehastoleavehishometownforaliving.Althoughheisamanwith④a_sense_of_responsibility,_heisatalosswhattodoforhishometown.?eq\a\vs4\al(積得多平時多輸入，用時順手出)1.“at＋n.”短語薈萃①atwar交戰(zhàn)②atpeace處于和平狀態(tài)③athand在手邊④atwork在工作⑤atrest在休息⑥attable在吃飯⑦atrisk在冒險⑧atsea在航海；茫然⑨atlength最后；終于⑩atschool在上學2.sense相關短語多棱鏡①asenseofdirection/humor方向感/幽默感②inasense從某種意義上來說③innosense/way決不④makesense講得通；有道理⑤makesenseof理解；弄懂(三)仿寫用活句式——造佳句·表達高背原句明句式學仿寫1.Treatothersinthewayyouwanttobetreated.己所不欲，勿施于人。theway(＋that/inwhich)引導的定語從句。微信已經(jīng)改變了我們的交友方式。WeChathaschangedthe_way_(that/in_which)_we_made_friends.2.Menciusbelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanisgood.孟子認為人區(qū)別于動物的原因就在于人性本善。thereasonwhy...isthat...“……的原因是……。”我請假三天的原因是我生病的母親需要我的照顧。The_reason_why_I_asked_for_three_days_off_is_thatmysickmotherneededmycare.3.However,wedoknowthatin1092ADheinventedthefirstrealclock.然而，我們的確知道在公元1092年，他發(fā)明了第一個真正的鐘表?！癲o/does/did＋動詞原形”表示強調。他的確喜歡聽古典音樂。Hedoes_enjoylisteningtoclassicalmusic.考點新組合閱讀微技能Tomholdsaseniorpositioninalargepanyandheisequal______?hisjob.Healwaysstressestheimportanceofhonestyandorderinthework.Hemakessuchagreatcontributionthathebeesoneofthe________?figuresinthepany.1.①處應填入的介詞為to。2.②處應填入的最佳選項為__B__。A.averageB．influentialC.normalD．determined1．equaladj.平等的；相等的；勝任的v.等于；比得上n.同等的人；相等物(1)equal...with... 把……與……等同(2)beequalto(doing)sth. 等于；能勝任(做)某事beequalwith 與……平等equalsb./sth.in(doing)sth. 在(做)某事方面比得過、敵得過某人/物withoutequal 無與倫比(3)equalityn. 相等；平等equallyadv. 相等地；平等地；同樣地[多角練透]單句語法填空①Learningtodealwiththesocialworldisequally(equal)important.(2016·北京高考)②Foranother,bepositiveandcheerful,foryourmentalhealthisequaltoyourphysicalhealth.單句改錯③Idon'tthinkBobisequaltobeamanager,forhehaslittleknowledgeaboutmanagement.be→being補全句子④Suchstupidityiswithout_equalintheentirehistoryofhumanrelations.如此愚蠢的行為在整個人際關系史上找不出第二個。[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]表示“勝任……”的其他常見表達：①beupto②befitfor③bequalifiedfor2．stressvt.強調；施壓于；使緊張n.壓力；重音；強調(1)stresstheimportanceofsth. 強調某事的重要性understress 在壓力之下underthestressof 在……壓力下；為……所迫lay/put/placestresson 強調；把重點放在……上(2)stressfuladj. 壓力大的；緊張的stressedadj. 焦慮不安的[多角練透]單句語法填空①Fatheralwaysputsalotofstressongoodtablemanners.②Nowadaysmoreandmoremiddleschoolstudentsaregettingstressed(stress)intheirstudies.③Thelifeofahighschoolstudentisusuallyactive,excitingandfulloffun,butitcanbestressful(stress)sometimes.單句改錯④Peopleunderthestresstendtoexpresstheirfullrangeofpotential.去掉the3．ordern．秩序；次序；命令；訂購；點的飯菜vt.命令；訂購；點(飯菜)(1)inorderof 以……的順序inorder (依法)有效的；適宜；妥當；正常；就緒outoforder 有毛??；發(fā)生故障；不整潔placeanorderforsth.(withsb.) (向某人)訂購某物(2)ordersb.todosth. 命令某人做某事orderthat... 命令……(從句的謂語要用“should＋動詞原 形”，should可以省略)[多角練透]單句語法填空①Ordered(order)overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.(2016·北京高考單選)②I'dliketoplaceanorderforsometeawithyourpany.③Hewasasbusyasabeetryingtoputthehouseinorder.補全句子④Ican'tmakeacall,asourtelephoneisout_of_order.我無法打，因為我們的壞了。句型轉換⑤Theoldmanorderedtherudeyoungmantogoout.→Theoldmanorderedthattherudeyoungman(should)_go_out.考點新組合閱讀微技能LiHuawasbroughtupinpoorconditions.________?，hethoughthewasahappyboy.Thereasonwhyhefelthappywasthathisparentsdidn'tscoldbutencouragehimwhenhismarkswere________?average.Hewassatisfied________?thewaythathisparentstreatedandeducatedhim.1.①處應填入的銜接詞為However。2.②處應填入的最佳選項為__C__。A.onB．aboveC．below3.③處應填入的介詞為with。4.conditionn．狀況；條件；環(huán)境(1)living/housing/workingconditions 生活/住房/工作條件under...conditions 在……條件下(2)beingood/bad/poorcondition 狀況良好/惡劣；健康/不健康outofcondition 身體不適(3)oncondition(that)... 在……條件下；倘若/如果onnocondition 決不(放于句首時，句子需用部分倒裝)[多角練透]單句語法填空①Oneofthewaysofdealingwiththatistodealwithhousingconditions(condition).②Thecarhasbeenwellmaintainedandisinexcellentcondition.③I'llletyouusemybikeonconditionthatyoureturnittomorrow.單句改錯④Ihaven'tbeenexercisingmuchrecently.I'mabitoutofthecondition.去掉the補全句子⑤Onnoconditioncan_we_give_up_our_dreams;_onlyifwecansticktoourdreamswillwebeabletogetoverallkindsofchallenges.我們決不能放棄夢想，只有我們堅持自己的夢想，才能夠克服各種挑戰(zhàn)。[名師指津]condition表示“(工作、生活或住房等)條件”時，通常要用復數(shù)形式；而表示“狀況”時，則為不可數(shù)名詞。5．bringup養(yǎng)育；撫養(yǎng)；教育；提出；嘔吐[一詞多義]寫出下列句中bringup的含義①Broughtupinabigcity,hefounditquitedifficulttofitininthecountryside.撫養(yǎng)②Hewasdrunkandbroughtupwhathehadeatenatmidnight.嘔吐③Bornintoafamilywiththreebrothers,Davidwasbroughtuptovaluethesenseofsharing.教育④Hebroughtupapracticalplaninthemeeting,whichbroughtdownthecostofproduction.提出[歸納拓展]bringabout 引起；導致；產生；帶來bringback 歸還；使記起；使恢復bringdown 使落下；降低；減少bringin 引進；帶來；提出；賺錢；收獲bringout 顯現(xiàn)出；使發(fā)揮；出版；生產選用上述短語填空⑤Thegreatdamagewhichtheearthquakebrought_aboutmademanypeoplehomelessorlosetheirlives.⑥Pleasemakeanothersentencetobring_outthemeaningofthephrase.⑦Ourgovernmenthastakenmeasurestobring_downthepricesofdailygoodstokeepthemarketstable.6．Thereasonwhy...isthat...Menciusbelievedthatthe_reason_whymanisdifferentfromanimalsis_thatmanisgood.孟子認為人區(qū)別于動物的原因就在于人性本善。believed后面是that引導的賓語從句，從句中使用了“thereasonwhy...isthat...”句式，意為“……的原因是……”其中why引導的是定語從句；is之后的that引導的是表語從句。(1)reason用作先行詞時，首先判斷定語從句中缺少什么成分，如果缺少狀語，則要用關系副詞why或forwhich引導定語從句，why有時可省略；如果缺少主語或賓語，則要用關系代詞that/which引導定語從句，that/which在定語從句中作賓語時可省略。(2)thereason后接同位語從句解釋其內容時，用引導詞that。單句語法填空①Thereason_whyhehashadsuchasuccessisthathenevergivesup.②Whydon'tyoubelievethereasonthatmycarwasheldupinthetrafficjam?補全句子③Thereason(that/which)_he_explained_at_the_meeting_was_thathedidn'tcatchthefirstbus.他在會議上解釋的理由是他沒有趕上第一輛公共汽車。7．theway(that/inwhich)引導的定語從句Treatothersinthe_wayyouwanttobetreated.己所不欲，勿施于人。句中“theway”作先行詞，“youwanttobetreated”為省略關系詞的定語從句。(1)way表示“方式；方法”時，其后常接inwhich或that引導的定語從句，也可以將關系詞inwhich或that省略掉，此時關系詞在從句中作狀語。(2)way后接定語從句時，如果關系詞在從句中作主語或賓語則用關系代詞that/which，作賓語時還可以省略。(3)way表示“方式；方法”時，其后還可接不定式或ofdoingsth.形式。單句語法填空①Thewaythat/whichcameupatthemeetingwasunpractical.②Specialistscaneupwithnewwaysto_solve(solve)theproblemofairpollution.補全句子③Ithinkyouhurthispridebylaughingatthe_way_(in_which/that)_he_speaks_English.我覺得你嘲笑他說英語的方式傷害了他的自尊心。[單元語基落實]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．CharlieChaplinmadeagreatcontribution(contribute)tothefilmindustry.2．Thechildrengazedinwonderwhentheysawsnowforthefirsttime.3．Ideeplyappreciateyourkindness(kind)iningsofartomeetme.4．Howlongdoyouthinkthetwocountrieswillbeatwarwitheachother?5．Inmyopinion,honesty(honest)isthemostimportantpartoffriendship,becauseIhatebeingcheated.6．Being_brought(bring)upinthecountrysidemadeMrWilsonveryhard-workingwhenhewasveryyoung.7．Anyone,whetherheisanofficialorabusdriver,shouldbeequally(equal)respected.8．Learningtoreadandwriteopensthedoortoabetterjobandbetterlivingconditions(condition).9．Inconclusion,therearenoexcuses.Everyonehastheabilitytosucceed.Getstartednow!10．Itisalsoavirtuetoforgiveandforget,especiallyinsuchapetitiveandstressful(stress)society.Ⅱ.單句改錯1．Littlejoycanequaltothatofasurprisingendingwhenyoureadstories.去掉to2．Somepeoplehavetoleadstressedlifestylesoutofnecessity.stressed→stressful3．ThereasonwhyI'mcallingyounowisbecauseIhaveanimportantthingtotellyou.because→that4．Hecan'tstillgoforanouting,becauseheisoutofthecondition.去掉the5．Heorderedthatthestudentsworetheirspecialclothesduringthemilitarytraining.wore→wearⅢ.根據(jù)提示詞補全句子1．盡管已是八十高齡，老人依然身體健康。(condition)Thoughinhiseighties,theoldmanisstillin_good_condition.2．盡管她是在城市出生并被撫養(yǎng)大的，但她喜歡鄉(xiāng)村生活。(bringup)Thoughborn_and_brought_upinthecity,shepreferslifeinthecountry.3．一些人早逝的原因是他們不注意自己的身體健康。(Thereasonwhy...isthat...)The_reason_why_some_people_died_young_is_thattheydidn'tpayattentiontotheirhealth.4．輪船的引擎發(fā)生了故障，而惡劣的天氣增加了海員們的無助感。(order)Theenginesoftheshipwereout_of_orderandthebadweatheraddedtothehelplessnessofthecrewatsea.5．你日常生活中發(fā)生的事情會改變你看待世界和世間的人的方式。(theway)Somethingthathappensinyourdailylifewillchangethe_way_you_look_at_the_worldandthepeopleinit.Ⅳ.句型轉換/一句多譯1．Tomoversleptthismorning.Thatiswhyhewaslateforwork.→The_reason_whyTomwaslateforworkis_thatheoversleptthismorning.2．Canyouworkoutaway?Wecansolvetheprobleminthisway.→Canyouworkoutawaythatwecansolvetheproblem?→Canyouworkoutawayin_whichwecansolvetheproblem?3．Thedoctororderedmetotakearestforamonth.→ThedoctororderedthatI_should_take_a_restforamonth.4．Theyagreedtolendusthecaraslongaswereturneditbeforetheweekend.→Theyagreedtolendusthecaron_condition_thatwereturneditbeforetheweekend.5．在勇氣方面沒有人比得上他，這一點大家都清楚。①Nooneequals_him_in_courage,_aboutwhicheveryoneknows.(equalv．)②Nooneis_equal_to_him_in_courage,_aboutwhicheveryoneknows.(equaladj.)③Hehas_no_equal_in_courage,_aboutwhicheveryoneknows.(equaln．)[高考拆組訓練]語言知識運用組塊專練——練準度(限時：25分鐘)Ⅰ.完形填空WhenIwassixyearsold,welivedinOklahomaCity.Wealwayskeptthedoorsofourhouse__1__atnight.Togetoutofthebackdoor,Daddyhadaspecialkey.Onenight,Iwas__2__suddenlybythesoundofthunderandlightningandaterrible__3__.Irusheddownthehalltowardmyparents'room,feeling__4__，butIwasstoppedbythicksmokeandbig__5__ingfromthelivingroom.Ourhousehadbeen__6__bylightning.Ihadtogetout,but__7__？Becauseofthefire,Icouldn't__8__thefrontdoorandIdidn'thavethekeytothebackdoor.SoIwas__9__.ThenIwas__10__whenindarknessIfeltDaddy'swarmhand__11__medownthehallandoutthebackdoortoourbackyard.__12__Istoodinthepouringrain,hishand__13__mineandhewasgoneimmediately.Frightened,I__14__tothehouse.Therewasmymothercallingmyname.Sheranouttome,andtogetherwestoodinthebackyard__15__—waitingforDaddytobringoutmysister.Justatthatmomentweheard,“We're__16__！”ItwasDaddy'svoice.He,sighingwith__17__，heldmythree-year-oldsisterAmyinhisarms.AlthoughDaddygot__18__inthefire,hetriedhisbesttosaveallofusoutofthehouse.Thatwastwelveyearsago,andalltheseyearsI'veneverforgottenthe__19__ofthehandthatledmethen,andleadsmenow,throughthe__20__.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者回憶了自己兒時家里突遭雷電襲擊，房屋起火后，父親在黑暗中勇敢地救出家人的經(jīng)歷。1．A.opened B．closedC．locked D．painted解析：選C根據(jù)下文的“Togetoutofthebackdoor,Daddyhadaspecialkey.”可知，作者家晚上總是鎖上(locked)門。2．A.awoken B．shockedC．interrupted D．acpanied解析：選A一天夜里，作者突然被雷電聲和可怕的傾盆大雨驚醒了。awake“使醒來”，符合語境。shock“使震驚”；interrupt“打擾，打斷”；acpany“陪伴”。3．A.fire B．explosionC．downpour D．tap解析：選C根據(jù)第三段中的“Istoodinthepouringrain”可知，downpour“傾盆大雨”符合語境。4．A.puzzled B．scaredC．urgent D．desperate解析：選B在電閃雷鳴、大雨傾盆的晚上，作者肯定是感到很害怕(scared)才跑向父母的房間的。puzzled“困惑的”；urgent“緊急的，迫切的”；desperate“絕望的，不顧一切的”。5．A.noise B．lightningC．stones D．flames解析：選D根據(jù)下文的“Becauseofthefire”可知，此處指但是作者被濃煙和竄高的火焰(flames)阻擋住了腳步。6．A.occupied B．beatenC．destroyed D．struck解析：選D根據(jù)下文中的“thefire”可知，作者家被閃電擊中(struck)了，所以才著火了。occupy“占據(jù)，占領”；beat“擊打”；destroy“摧毀，毀壞”。7．A.how B．whyC．what D．where解析：選A下文提到作者無法從前門或后門出去，故此處指作者不得不出去，但是怎么(how)出去呢？8．A.alarm B．breakC．reach D．answer解析：選C因為火，作者不能到達(reach)前門。alarm“給(門等)安裝警報器”；break“打破”。9．A.inconfusion B．inpanicC．indanger D．indoubt解析：選B因為沒有辦法逃出房子，所以作者處于惶恐之中(inpanic)。inconfusion“困惑”；indanger“處于危險中”；indoubt“懷疑”。10．Aforted B．preventedC．seized D．rescued解析：選D這時，當作者在黑暗中感覺到父親溫暖的手拖著他穿過門廳、走過后門、到達后院時，作者獲救(rescued)了。fort“安慰”；prevent“阻止”；seize“抓住”。11．A.instructing B．draggingC．holding D．pushing解析：選B緊急情況中，作者肯定是被父親拖(dragging)著走的。instruct“指導”；hold“握住，夾著，托住”；push“推”。12．A.As B．IfC．Though D．Since解析：選A當作者站在瓢潑大雨中(即從屋內逃了出來)時，父親的手放開了作者的手。此處應用As引導時間狀語從句。13．A.letgoof B．tookholdofC．gotridof D．putupwith解析：選A參見上題解析。letgoof“放開”；takeholdof“抓住”；getridof“擺脫”；putupwith“忍受”。14．A.headed B．rushedC．turnedmyback D．setmymind解析：選C因為害怕，作者轉過身背對著房子。turnone'sbackto“轉身背對”，符合語境。headto“走向”；rushto“沖向”；setone'smindto“下決心做”。15．A.quietly B．breathlesslyC．hopelessly D．anxiously解析：選D根據(jù)下文的“waitingforDaddytobringoutmysister”可知，作者和媽媽都焦急地(anxiously)站在后院里，等待父親把作者的妹妹救出來。16．A.back B．safeC．tired D．lucky解析：選B根據(jù)下文的“hetriedhisbesttosaveallofusoutofthehouse”和常識可知，作者的父親說的應是“我們安全(safe)了”。17．A.regret B．emotionC．excitement D．relief解析：選D父親抱著作者三歲的妹妹，松了口氣。relief“寬慰，輕松”，符合語境。regret“后悔”；emotion“情感”；excitement“興奮”。18．A.burned B．caughtC．stuck D．disturbed解析：選A父親從著火的房子里出來，肯定是被燒傷(burned)了。19．A.strength B．roughnessC．warmth D．firmness解析：選C根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“IfeltDaddy'swarmhand”可知，十二年了，作者從未忘記過父親手的溫暖(warmth)在那時引導著他，現(xiàn)在也引導著他穿過黑暗(dark)。strength“力量”；roughness“粗糙”；firmness“堅定”。20．A.cold B．darkC．future D．misfortune解析：選B參見上題解析。Ⅱ.語法填空(2018·邯鄲市模擬)WoodblockprintingfirstappearedintheearlyTangperiod.D