2024-2025學(xué)年下學(xué)期高中英語(yǔ)選修四第四單元B卷

第26頁(yè)（共26頁(yè)）選修四Unit4B卷一．完形填空（共1小題）1．（2022秋?鄂州期中）Alottery（彩票）winnerinKentuckywonasix﹣figurejackpot（頭獎(jiǎng)）.However，shewasn'ttheonlyonewho（1）—shecelebratedherwinby（2）giftcardsatalocalstore.CrystalDunnofLouisvillewonthegame's﹩146，351.74progressivejackpot."Isawthatanddidn'tbelieveit（3），"Dunntoldthelotteryboard."IneverthoughtIwouldwinsomethinglikethis，butthisgoestoshowitcan（4），"shecontinued.DunntraveledtotheheadquartersoftheKentuckyLotteryCorporationto（5）herjackpoton8July.Aftertaxes，she（6）acheckfor﹩103，909.73.Dunnsaidshe（7）tousethemoneytobuyacarandpayoffbills.Butshemadeit（8）thatshewouldspreadalittle（9）beforeshereturnedhomewithherwinnings.ShestoppedbyMeijer—asupercenterstorechaininKentucky—to（10）apartofherjackpot.Dunnpurchased﹩2，000ingiftcardsandhandedthemoutto（11）."Manywereexcited，butafewwere（12），thinkingIwaswantingsomething（13），"Dunnreportedlytoldthelotteryboard."Igota（n）（14）giftandIbelieveinpayingitforwardandIwanttopassitalong，"shecontinued."Actually，sharingiscaringandgivingismore（15）thanreceiving.I'veworkedhardforeverythingI'vehad.Thisisaprettyamazinggift."（1）A.triedB.benefitedC.workedD.learned（2）A.takingoutB.givingawayC.payingoffD.turningdown（3）A.finallyB.regularlyC.formallyD.actually（4）A.happenB.appearC.displayD.improve（5）A.checkB.collectC.raiseD.search（6）A.foundB.wroteC.receivedD.demanded（7）A.plannedB.requestedC.managedD.imagined（8）A.seriousB.easyC.possibleD.clear（9）A.energyB.happinessC.patienceD.information（10）A.shareB.leaveC.refuseD.divide（11）A.readersB.workersC.shoppersD.teachers（12）A.thankfulB.confidentC.delightedD.surprised（13）A.bychanceB.atonceC.onpurposeD.inreturn（14）A.simpleB.unexpectedC.commonD.impossible（15）A.practicalB.difficultC.rewardingD.available二．閱讀理解（共2小題）2．（2022?杭州模擬）Shouldyousharegoalsorkeepthemprivate？You'llfindconflictinganswersifyouturntoGoogle.Somesaysharinggoalscannotliveuptoone'sexpectationsbecauseyou'llfeelrewardedbeforeactuallydoinganythingtoachievethem.TheArabshaveforcenturiesvoicedasimilarmessageintheproverb"themoreyousurroundyourcandle，themoreitremainslit".Morerecently，theideabecamewidespreadin2010withaTEDtalktitled"Keepyourgoalstoyourself"."Inmostcasesyougetmorebenefitfromsharingyourgoalthanifyoudon't﹣aslongasyoushareitwithsomeonewhoseopinionyouvalue，"HowardKleintoldOhioStateNews.Kleinandhiscolleaguesconductedseveralstudiesongoal﹣sharing.Inone，theresultsshowedthatworkingadultsfrequentlydosharegoalsandaremorelikelytobecommittedtoachievingthosegoalswhenthey'resharedwithpeoplewhoareperceivedtobeofhigherstatus.Asecondstudyinvolved171undergraduatestudentswhowereaskedtoplayagame.Afterthefirstround，thestudentswereaskedtoplaythegameagain，butthistimetheyhadtosetagoal.Theresearchersseparatedthestudentsintothreegroups.Foronegroup，thestudentshadtosharetheirgoalswithalabassistantwhowasdressedinasuitandintroducedhimselfasadoctoral﹣levelstudentinthebusinessschoolwhowasanexpertonthetopic.Foranothergroup，thelabassistantwasacasuallydressedmanwhoidentifiedhimselfasastudentatalocalcommunitycollege.Athirdgroupwasn'taskedtosharetheirgoalswithanyone.Theresultsshowedthatpeoplewhosharedtheirgoalswiththehigh﹣statuspersonnotonly﹣showedhighercommitmenttoachievingthegoal，butalsoperformedbetterinthegame.Meanwhile，thetwoothergroupsshowedsimilarcommitmentandperformance.Kleinsaid，"Youwanttobededicatedandunwillingtogiveuponyourgoal，whichismorelikelywhenyousharethatgoalwithsomeoneyoulookuptoand﹣whoseopinionyouvalueandwhichmightincentivizeyoutoachieveyourgoals."（1）WhatmessagedoestheArabproverbexpress？A．Settinggoalsmakesyoumoredetermined.B．Sharingyourgoalswithothersgetsbenefits.C．Keepingyourgoalssecretisthebestpolicy.D．Publishingyourgoalsmakesyourewarded.（2）WhatcanbeinferredfromKlein'stwostudies？A．Howstudentsconsiderthetwolabassistantsmattersmost.B．Adultsaremorelikelytoachievetheirgoalsthanstudents.C．Adultsaremorecommittedwhenspeakingouttheirgoals.D．Theexperimentonthethirdgroupturnedoutfruitless.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"incentivize"meaninthelastparagraph？A．Assist.B．Encourage.C．Intend.D．Advise.（4）AccordingtoKlein，howcanyoubefullydevotedtoyourgoal？A．Bydiscussingitwithyourfriends.B．Bysharingitwithrespectedpeople.C．Bymaintainingyourperformance.D．Byquestioningpeopleofhighstatus.3．Ecuadorisbeautifulinitslandscapes，peopleandculture.Thediversityoflifeinthehillsattheequatorissomethingyoumustexperiencetoappreciate.Theperfectweatherwasanicebonus，andmostdayssettleatacomfortablebutnottoohottemperature.Thecitiesareworthseeing，butsometimesnotquitesafefortouristslackingproperprecautions（預(yù)防措施）.Iwasluckilyneverrobbed，butitwasprevalentamongpeopleIraninto.Soprotectyourvaluables！Fromthecity，LaHesperiaisaboutathree﹣hourbusrideacrosstheamazingAndeancountrysideandaone﹣hourhikeupfromtheroad.Itisfarfromcivilization，butthereceptionisstillnottoobad.Thereserveisaltogetheraprotectedarea，amostlyself﹣sustainingfarm，alocalschool，andagreatlearningexperienceforinternationalconservationistslikeyouorme.Thevolunteerhousewasverycomfortableandopen，withviewsofpurenaturethatIstillmiss.Afterahardworkingdayandacoldshower，Iwouldalwaysbeoverwhelmedbythesoundsoftheforestatnight.Duringtheday，mytasksoverthecourseofamonthrangedfromtreeplantingtotrailmaintenance（維護(hù)）andbasicfarmworkincludingplanting/harvestingcrops，weeding，andworkingwithanimals.Regardlessofthejob，amachete（大刀）wastheonlytoolIneeded！Atonepoint，Ihadtotakethedailymilkdownthemountainwiththemoststubborndonkeyever.Ofcourse，there'splentyoftimeforfunandmeetingpeople.Thereserveitselfisfullofthingstodo.Still，weekendsarebetterspentexploringmoreofthecountry，which，tome，isquitedifferentfrommyhomeland.Youcangetrecommendationsfromothervolunteersandlocals.AllaregreatexperiencesIstilltellstoriesabout.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prevalent"inParagraph1mean？A．Verytraditional.B．Verycommon.C．Verypractical.D．Verystrange.（2）WhatcanwelearnaboutLaHesperia？A．It'smodernized.B．It'snearthecity.C．It'sanaturalreserve.D．It'sverycoldatnight.（3）Whatistheauthor'sdaytimeworklike？A．Singleandboring.B．Simpleandrelaxing.C．Variedandchallenging.D．Dangerousandcomplicated.（4）Whatdidtheauthormostprobablyprefertodoonweekends？A．Gosightseeing.B．Stayinthehouse.C．Tellstoriestolocals.D．Gobacktohomeland.三．信息匹配（共1小題）4．Howdoyoupicktherightvolunteerexperienceforyou？Askyourselfthefollowingquestionstodeterminewhichexperiencebestfitsyourgoals.Whatcauseisimportanttoyou？Identifyyourgreatestpassions（酷愛(ài)）.Whatisaproblemyouwanttosolve？Whoarepeopleyouwanttoconnectwith？（1）.Ifyoudon'thaveanswerstothosequestions，don'tworry.That'swhereyoujusthavetotryandlearnmoreaboutthecause，andseeifitattractsyou.（2）？Thenonprofitsectorgrowsquickly.Understandingtheorganizationalstructureisimportantforapositivevolunteerexperience.Wouldyouliketoworkinalargerorganizationthatmighthavemoreresourcesbutismorerigid（嚴(yán)格的）？Orasmallerorganizationthathaslessfinancialsupportbutmanyopportunitiestoserve？Youalsoneedtoconsidertheleadershipstructure.Aretheyfriendly，open，willingtogiveyouopportunities？Doyouseeyourselfenjoyingyourdayworkingwiththem？Ifyouansweryes，thenmostlikelyyouwillhaveapositiverelationship.Theywillwanttoseeyougrowanddevelop，andyouwillwanttohelpthem.（3）.Howmuchtimecanyouput？（4）.Often，volunteerscommentthattheybenefitfromgivingalotoftheirtimeandbecomingapartofthe"nonprofitfamily".However，youmayonlyhavetimetohelponweekendseverynowandthen.That'sgreat，too.（5）.You'vegotahearttogive.Now，takethetimetothinkabouthowyouwanttovolunteer.Bybeingthoughtful，you'lluseyourtimewellandgetthemostoutofyourexperience.A.WhatistheorganizationlikeB.It'sa"win﹣win"foreveryoneC.It'sjustadifferentkindofexperienceD.Sometimesyouknow，andsometimesyoudon'tE.WhatcompaniesarethereinyourneighborhoodF.Trytomeetwiththeleadertomakesureit'sagoodfitG.Berealisticabouttheamountoftimeyoucanspendvolunteering四．選詞填空（共1小題）5．theotherday，achorusof，adaptto，tobehonest，makeadifference，nottomention，comeacross，participatein（1），ittookmemorethanamonthtoadjusttothedifferentculture.（2）IranacrossoneofmyoldfriendswhenIwaswalkinginthestreet.（3）WhodoyouknowIhappenedtoduringmystayinSpain？（4）Shedidn'tthediscussion.（5）Bystayingconnected，wecanallnomatterwhereweareintheworld.（6）TakingsomeonlinecoursesofspokenChinesecanbehelpfulforyoutotheChineselanguageenvironment.（7）Hehasabighouseandanexpensivecar，avilla（別墅）inFrance.（8）Tohissurprise，hisproposalwasgreetedwithlaughter.五．語(yǔ)法填空（共1小題）6．（2021?越秀區(qū)校級(jí)開(kāi)學(xué)）Bikesharingisgrowinginpopularityasameansofpublictransportation.Itseemslikeaperfectsolution（1）China'sheavytraffic.（2）somelocalauthorities（權(quán)威人士）saythebikeshavebecomeanuisanceandoneShanghaidistricthasconfiscated（沒(méi)收）almost5，000bikes.Theunregulatedparkinghascausedcontinuousproblemsand（3）（complain）.Trafficpolicehadconfiscatedthebikesbecausetheyhadbeen（4）（legal）parked.Shanghaiistheworld'slargestbikesharecitywith280，000sharedbikescitywide.Thatnumberisexpected（5）（jump）to500，000bythisJune，accordingtoGuoJianrong，secretaryGeneralofShanghaiBicycleAssociation.Untiltheturnofthecentury，bikeswerethemainformoftransportinChinesecities.Butinrecentyears，asChinesehavegrown（6）（rich）thanbefore，bicycles（7）（replace）byprivatecars，motorbikesandotherpublictransport.Bikesharingishardlynew，butwhatmakesuniqueinChinais（8）it'susuallystationfree﹣whichmeansthatuserscanleavethebikesanywheretheywant.It'salsocheap.Shanghaiisnottheonlycity（9）bikesharinghashadteething（萌芽的）problems.Morethan500bikes（10）（rent）outbybikesharingfirmswerepiledupinthesoutherncityofShenzheninJanuary.六．單詞拼寫（共5小題）7．Havingenoughdatahand，wecansetaboutfiguringoutyourincometax.8．Idon'tdoubtmyfatherwillcometowatchmyperformance，butIdoubthecancomeontime.9．Apartfrompeppersandeggplants，manyothervegetablesgwell.10．Taketwotwithwaterbeforemeals.11．Thegovernment，heclaimed，wasditsfeet.七．書面表達(dá)（共2小題）12．（2021秋?愛(ài)民區(qū)校級(jí)月考）假定你是李華，你的美國(guó)朋友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他對(duì)中國(guó)新近出現(xiàn)的共享單車很感興趣，并請(qǐng)你做個(gè)簡(jiǎn)要介紹。請(qǐng)你給Jim回信，內(nèi)容包括：1.這種單車的使用方法（如：APP查看車輛、掃碼開(kāi)鎖等）；2.這種單車的優(yōu)勢(shì)；3.你對(duì)這種單車的看法。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。提示詞：共享單車sharingbike，掃描二維碼scantheQRcode注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.信的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearJim，Howareyoudoing？_____________IhopetoridewithyouinChina.Yourssincerely，LiHua13．（2022春?蕭縣校級(jí)月考）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整故事。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Igotoworkbybusalmosteveryday，althoughIhavemyowncar，becauseitischeaperandIlikethefeelingofbeingwithothers.I'mthekindofpersonwholikestowatchpeople.Iliveinasmalltown，soIseemanyofthesamepeoplegettingonthebuswithmeeveryday，ontheirwaytoandfromwork.Formanymonths，Inoticedanelderlymangetonatoneofthestopsandalwaysheadtothebackofthebus.Heworethesameclotheseveryday.Theclotheswerewell﹣worn，butclean.Icouldtellheledasimplelife.Ihadneverspokentothisgentleman，butheusuallygavemeasmilewhenhepassedby.Oneday，itwassnowingsoIdrovetowork，forIdidn'twanttobelate.Inoticedthegentlemanstandingonastreetcorner.Heheldasigninhishandaskingformoney.IwenthomethatdayandwrotehimanotesayingIwasgratefulforwhatIhadinmylifeandthatIwantedtosharesomeofitwithhim.InthenoteIwrote：Hi，IamLarissa.MaybeIseemlikeastrangertoyou，butIamonthesamebusasyoualmosteveryday.Isawyoutheotherdayonthestreet，andIhopethismoneycanhelpyou.Iwishyouapleasantweek.Iputasmallamountofmoneyinanenvelope.__________Thenoteread："HiLarissa.____________

選修四Unit4B卷參考答案與試題解析一．完形填空（共1小題）1．（2022秋?鄂州期中）Alottery（彩票）winnerinKentuckywonasix﹣figurejackpot（頭獎(jiǎng)）.However，shewasn'ttheonlyonewho（1）B—shecelebratedherwinby（2）Bgiftcardsatalocalstore.CrystalDunnofLouisvillewonthegame's﹩146，351.74progressivejackpot."Isawthatanddidn'tbelieveit（3）D，"Dunntoldthelotteryboard."IneverthoughtIwouldwinsomethinglikethis，butthisgoestoshowitcan（4）A，"shecontinued.DunntraveledtotheheadquartersoftheKentuckyLotteryCorporationto（5）Bherjackpoton8July.Aftertaxes，she（6）Cacheckfor﹩103，909.73.Dunnsaidshe（7）Atousethemoneytobuyacarandpayoffbills.Butshemadeit（8）Dthatshewouldspreadalittle（9）Bbeforeshereturnedhomewithherwinnings.ShestoppedbyMeijer—asupercenterstorechaininKentucky—to（10）Aapartofherjackpot.Dunnpurchased﹩2，000ingiftcardsandhandedthemoutto（11）C."Manywereexcited，butafewwere（12）D，thinkingIwaswantingsomething（13）D，"Dunnreportedlytoldthelotteryboard."Igota（n）（14）BgiftandIbelieveinpayingitforwardandIwanttopassitalong，"shecontinued."Actually，sharingiscaringandgivingismore（15）Cthanreceiving.I'veworkedhardforeverythingI'vehad.Thisisaprettyamazinggift."（1）A.triedB.benefitedC.workedD.learned（2）A.takingoutB.givingawayC.payingoffD.turningdown（3）A.finallyB.regularlyC.formallyD.actually（4）A.happenB.appearC.displayD.improve（5）A.checkB.collectC.raiseD.search（6）A.foundB.wroteC.receivedD.demanded（7）A.plannedB.requestedC.managedD.imagined（8）A.seriousB.easyC.possibleD.clear（9）A.energyB.happinessC.patienceD.information（10）A.shareB.leaveC.refuseD.divide（11）A.readersB.workersC.shoppersD.teachers（12）A.thankfulB.confidentC.delightedD.surprised（13）A.bychanceB.atonceC.onpurposeD.inreturn（14）A.simpleB.unexpectedC.commonD.impossible（15）A.practicalB.difficultC.rewardingD.available【答案】（1）﹣（5）BBDAB（6）﹣（10）CADBA（11）﹣（15）CDDBC【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了美國(guó)肯塔基州的一位女士中了大獎(jiǎng)后，沒(méi)有獨(dú)自享受，而是選擇與其他人分享的故事?！窘獯稹浚?）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.tried嘗試；B.benefited受益；C.worked工作；D.learned學(xué)習(xí)。句意：然而，她并不是唯一一個(gè)受益的人——她在當(dāng)?shù)匾患疑痰曩?zèng)送禮品卡來(lái)慶祝自己的勝利。根據(jù)上句"Alottery（彩票）winnerinKentuckywonasix﹣figurejackpot（頭獎(jiǎng)）"（一個(gè)肯塔基州的彩票中獎(jiǎng)?wù)呲A得了六位數(shù)的頭獎(jiǎng)）可知，她從彩票中受益，故選B項(xiàng)。（2）考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。A.takingout拿出；B.givingaway贈(zèng)送；C.payingoff付清；D.turningdown拒絕。句意：然而，她并不是唯一一個(gè)受益的人——她在當(dāng)?shù)匾患疑痰曩?zèng)送禮品卡來(lái)慶祝自己的勝利。根據(jù)后文"Dunnpurchased﹩2，000ingiftcardsandhandedthemoutto（10）"（鄧恩購(gòu)買了價(jià)值2000美元的禮品卡，并將其分發(fā)給__）可知，她是贈(zèng)送禮品卡給其他人，故選B項(xiàng)。（3）考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.finally最終；B.regularly定期地；C.formally正式地；D.actually實(shí)際上。句意："我看到了，但實(shí)際上并不相信，"鄧恩告訴彩票委員會(huì)。根據(jù)后句"IneverthoughtIwouldwinsomethinglikethis"（我從沒(méi)想過(guò)我會(huì)贏得這樣的比賽）可知，事實(shí)上，我是不太相信的，故選D項(xiàng)。（4）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.happen發(fā)生；B.appear出現(xiàn)；C.display展示；D.improve提升。句意："我從沒(méi)想過(guò)我會(huì)贏得這樣的比賽，但這表明這可能會(huì)發(fā)生。"她繼續(xù)說(shuō)道。根據(jù)第二段首句"CrystalDunnofLouisvillewonthegame's﹩146，351.74progressivejackpot."（路易斯維爾的克里斯托?鄧恩贏得了該游戲146351.74美元的累積頭獎(jiǎng)）可知，她確實(shí)中獎(jiǎng)了，這確實(shí)是可能發(fā)生的，故選A項(xiàng)。（5）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.check檢查；B.collect收集，領(lǐng)取；C.raise籌集，養(yǎng)育；D.search搜尋。句意：7月8日，鄧恩前往肯塔基州彩票公司總部領(lǐng)取頭獎(jiǎng)。根據(jù)后句"Aftertaxes，she（6）acheckfor﹩103，909.73."（稅后，她__了一張103909.73美元的支票）可知，她去領(lǐng)獎(jiǎng)了，故選B項(xiàng)。（6）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.wrote寫；C.received收到；D.demanded要求。句意：稅后，她收到了一張103909.73美元的支票。根據(jù)后句"Dunnsaidshe（7）tousethemoneytobuyacarandpayoffbills."（鄧恩說(shuō)，她__用這筆錢買車并付清賬單）可知，她收到了錢，故選C項(xiàng)。（7）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.planned計(jì)劃；B.requested要求；C.managed設(shè)法做；D.imagined想象。句意：鄧恩說(shuō)，她打算用這筆錢買車并付清賬單。用這筆錢買車并付清賬單是她的打算，故選A項(xiàng)。（8）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.serious嚴(yán)肅的；B.easy容易的；C.possible可能的；D.clear清楚的。句意：但她明確表示，在帶著獎(jiǎng)金回家之前，她會(huì)傳播一點(diǎn)快樂(lè)。根據(jù)makeitclearthat意為"明確表示，表明"，拿到錢后，她明確表示自己的打算，最貼合語(yǔ)境，故選D項(xiàng)。（9）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.energy能量；B.happiness開(kāi)心，幸福；C.patience耐心；D.information信息。句意：但她明確表示，在帶著獎(jiǎng)金回家之前，她會(huì)傳播一點(diǎn)快樂(lè)。根據(jù)前文shecelebratedherwinby（2）giftcardsatalocalstore.可知，她通過(guò)贈(zèng)送禮品卡來(lái)慶祝自己的中獎(jiǎng)，這是一件令人開(kāi)心的事情，也與其他人分享，故選B項(xiàng)。（10）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.share分享；B.leave離開(kāi)；C.refuse拒絕；D.divide劃分。句意：她路過(guò)肯塔基州的超級(jí)中心連鎖店Meijer，分享了她的部分頭獎(jiǎng)。根據(jù)上句Butshemadeit（8）thatshewouldspreadalittle（9）beforeshereturnedhomewithherwinnings.可知，她要贈(zèng)送禮品卡來(lái)傳遞快樂(lè)，與他人分享自己的獎(jiǎng)，故選A項(xiàng)。（11）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.readers讀者；B.workers工人；C.shoppers購(gòu)物者；D.teachers老師。根據(jù)空前Dunnpurchased﹩2，000ingiftcardsandhandedthemout可知鄧恩購(gòu)買了價(jià)值2000美元的禮品卡，并將其分發(fā)給購(gòu)物者。故選C項(xiàng)。（12）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.thankful感恩的；B.confident自信的；C.delighted開(kāi)心的；D.surprised感到驚訝的。句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，鄧恩告訴彩票委員會(huì)："很多人都很興奮，但也有一些人很驚訝，認(rèn)為我想要一些回報(bào)。"收到來(lái)自陌生人的禮品，購(gòu)物者感到驚訝，合乎情理，故選D項(xiàng)。（13）考查介詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。A.bychance意外；B.atonce立刻；C.onpurpose故意地；D.inreturn作為回報(bào)。句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，鄧恩告訴彩票委員會(huì)："很多人都很興奮，但也有一些人很驚訝，認(rèn)為我想要一些回報(bào)。"根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞Iwaswantingsomething可知，他們以為我送他們禮品卡是因?yàn)槲蚁胍恍〇|西作為回報(bào)，故選D項(xiàng)。（14）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.simple簡(jiǎn)單的；B.unexpected意料之外的；C.common普遍的；D.impossible不可能的。句意：她繼續(xù)說(shuō)道："我收到了一份意想不到的禮物，我相信一定要把它交出去，我想把它傳下去。"根據(jù)前文"IneverthoughtIwouldwinsomethinglikethis"（我從沒(méi)想過(guò)我會(huì)贏得這樣的比賽）可知，這是意料之外的禮物，故選B項(xiàng)。（15）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.practical實(shí)際的；B.difficult困難的；C.rewarding值得做的；報(bào)酬高的；D.available可利用的。句意：事實(shí)上，分享就是關(guān)懷，給予比接受更有回報(bào)。根據(jù)前文"Manywereexcited，butafewwere（12），thinkingIwaswantingsomething（13），"Dunnreportedlytoldthelotteryboard."可知，別人以為我想獲得一些東西作為回報(bào)，而我認(rèn)為分享和給予就是一件值得做的事情，給予比接受更有回報(bào)，故選C項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】完形填空題的解題步驟：1.通讀全文，理解大意。重視首句信息，跳過(guò)空格，瀏覽全文，從整體上感知全文，理解文章大意，這是解題的基礎(chǔ)。2.瞻前顧后，避難就易。在理解文章大意的情況下，結(jié)合各選項(xiàng)的意義和用法，遵循先易后難的原則，先解決那些自己有把握的問(wèn)題。對(duì)少數(shù)難題，暫時(shí)跳過(guò)，或許在上文中難以判斷的題在下文中就有暗示或者明顯的提示，或許一個(gè)在前面不能解答的題在填出了另一空后會(huì)令你豁然開(kāi)朗。3.復(fù)讀全文，解決殘敵。借助已經(jīng)補(bǔ)全的空格，對(duì)全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解決所遺留的少數(shù)疑難問(wèn)題。4.再次復(fù)讀，彌補(bǔ)疏漏，全部做好后，務(wù)必要結(jié)合自己選擇的答案重新閱讀短文內(nèi)容，確保全文文意連貫。二．閱讀理解（共2小題）2．（2022?杭州模擬）Shouldyousharegoalsorkeepthemprivate？You'llfindconflictinganswersifyouturntoGoogle.Somesaysharinggoalscannotliveuptoone'sexpectationsbecauseyou'llfeelrewardedbeforeactuallydoinganythingtoachievethem.TheArabshaveforcenturiesvoicedasimilarmessageintheproverb"themoreyousurroundyourcandle，themoreitremainslit".Morerecently，theideabecamewidespreadin2010withaTEDtalktitled"Keepyourgoalstoyourself"."Inmostcasesyougetmorebenefitfromsharingyourgoalthanifyoudon't﹣aslongasyoushareitwithsomeonewhoseopinionyouvalue，"HowardKleintoldOhioStateNews.Kleinandhiscolleaguesconductedseveralstudiesongoal﹣sharing.Inone，theresultsshowedthatworkingadultsfrequentlydosharegoalsandaremorelikelytobecommittedtoachievingthosegoalswhenthey'resharedwithpeoplewhoareperceivedtobeofhigherstatus.Asecondstudyinvolved171undergraduatestudentswhowereaskedtoplayagame.Afterthefirstround，thestudentswereaskedtoplaythegameagain，butthistimetheyhadtosetagoal.Theresearchersseparatedthestudentsintothreegroups.Foronegroup，thestudentshadtosharetheirgoalswithalabassistantwhowasdressedinasuitandintroducedhimselfasadoctoral﹣levelstudentinthebusinessschoolwhowasanexpertonthetopic.Foranothergroup，thelabassistantwasacasuallydressedmanwhoidentifiedhimselfasastudentatalocalcommunitycollege.Athirdgroupwasn'taskedtosharetheirgoalswithanyone.Theresultsshowedthatpeoplewhosharedtheirgoalswiththehigh﹣statuspersonnotonly﹣showedhighercommitmenttoachievingthegoal，butalsoperformedbetterinthegame.Meanwhile，thetwoothergroupsshowedsimilarcommitmentandperformance.Kleinsaid，"Youwanttobededicatedandunwillingtogiveuponyourgoal，whichismorelikelywhenyousharethatgoalwithsomeoneyoulookuptoand﹣whoseopinionyouvalueandwhichmightincentivizeyoutoachieveyourgoals."（1）WhatmessagedoestheArabproverbexpress？CA．Settinggoalsmakesyoumoredetermined.B．Sharingyourgoalswithothersgetsbenefits.C．Keepingyourgoalssecretisthebestpolicy.D．Publishingyourgoalsmakesyourewarded.（2）WhatcanbeinferredfromKlein'stwostudies？CA．Howstudentsconsiderthetwolabassistantsmattersmost.B．Adultsaremorelikelytoachievetheirgoalsthanstudents.C．Adultsaremorecommittedwhenspeakingouttheirgoals.D．Theexperimentonthethirdgroupturnedoutfruitless.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"incentivize"meaninthelastparagraph？BA．Assist.B．Encourage.C．Intend.D．Advise.（4）AccordingtoKlein，howcanyoubefullydevotedtoyourgoal？BA．Bydiscussingitwithyourfriends.B．Bysharingitwithrespectedpeople.C．Bymaintainingyourperformance.D．Byquestioningpeopleofhighstatus.【答案】CCBB【分析】本文為說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了我們可以分享目標(biāo)，但僅限于某些人?！窘獯稹浚?）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段TheArabshaveforcenturiesvoicedasimilarmessageintheproverb"themoreyousurroundyourcandle，themoreitremainslit".Morerecently，theideabecamewidespreadin2010withaTEDtalktitled"Keepyourgoalstoyourself"（幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，阿拉伯人在諺語(yǔ)中表達(dá)了類似的信息："你包圍的蠟燭越多，它就越亮"。最近，這個(gè)想法在2010年的TED演講中得到了廣泛傳播，主題是"把你的目標(biāo)留給自己"。）可知，阿拉伯的諺語(yǔ)表明對(duì)目標(biāo)保密是最好的策略。故選C。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Inone，theresultsshowedthatworkingadultsfrequentlydosharegoalsandaremorelikelytobecommittedtoachievingthosegoalswhenthey'resharedwithpeoplewhoareperceivedtobeofhigherstatus.（其中一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果表明，職場(chǎng)成年人經(jīng)常有共同的目標(biāo)，當(dāng)他們與被認(rèn)為地位較高的人分享時(shí)，他們更有可能致力于實(shí)現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo)。）和第四段的Theresultsshowedthatpeoplewhosharedtheirgoalswiththehigh﹣statuspersonnotonly﹣showedhighercommitmenttoachievingthegoal，butalsoperformedbetterinthegame.（結(jié)果表明，與高地位人士分享目標(biāo)的人不僅對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)表現(xiàn)出更高的承諾，而且在游戲中表現(xiàn)更好。）可知，說(shuō)出目標(biāo)成年人更投入。故選C。（3）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段Youwanttobededicatedandunwillingtogiveuponyourgoal，whichismorelikelywhenyousharethatgoalwithsomeoneyoulookuptoand﹣whoseopinionyouvalueandwhichmightincentivizeyoutoachieveyourgoals.（你想專心致志，不愿意放棄你的目標(biāo)，當(dāng)你與你尊敬的人分享目標(biāo)時(shí)，這種情況更可能發(fā)生﹣﹣﹣你重視他的意見(jiàn)，這可能會(huì)激勵(lì)你實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。）可知，"incentivize"意為"激勵(lì)，鼓勵(lì)"。A.Assist幫助；B.Encourage鼓勵(lì)；C.Intend意圖；D.Advise建議。故選B。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Youwanttobededicatedandunwillingtogiveuponyourgoal，whichismorelikelywhenyousharethatgoalwithsomeoneyoulookuptoand﹣whoseopinionyouvalueandwhichmightincentivizeyoutoachieveyourgoals.（你想專心致志，不愿意放棄你的目標(biāo)，當(dāng)你與你尊敬的人分享目標(biāo)時(shí)，這種情況更可能發(fā)生﹣﹣﹣你重視他的意見(jiàn)，這可能會(huì)激勵(lì)你實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。）可知，和尊敬的人分享你的目標(biāo)更容易充分投入。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。3．Ecuadorisbeautifulinitslandscapes，peopleandculture.Thediversityoflifeinthehillsattheequatorissomethingyoumustexperiencetoappreciate.Theperfectweatherwasanicebonus，andmostdayssettleatacomfortablebutnottoohottemperature.Thecitiesareworthseeing，butsometimesnotquitesafefortouristslackingproperprecautions（預(yù)防措施）.Iwasluckilyneverrobbed，butitwasprevalentamongpeopleIraninto.Soprotectyourvaluables！Fromthecity，LaHesperiaisaboutathree﹣hourbusrideacrosstheamazingAndeancountrysideandaone﹣hourhikeupfromtheroad.Itisfarfromcivilization，butthereceptionisstillnottoobad.Thereserveisaltogetheraprotectedarea，amostlyself﹣sustainingfarm，alocalschool，andagreatlearningexperienceforinternationalconservationistslikeyouorme.Thevolunteerhousewasverycomfortableandopen，withviewsofpurenaturethatIstillmiss.Afterahardworkingdayandacoldshower，Iwouldalwaysbeoverwhelmedbythesoundsoftheforestatnight.Duringtheday，mytasksoverthecourseofamonthrangedfromtreeplantingtotrailmaintenance（維護(hù)）andbasicfarmworkincludingplanting/harvestingcrops，weeding，andworkingwithanimals.Regardlessofthejob，amachete（大刀）wastheonlytoolIneeded！Atonepoint，Ihadtotakethedailymilkdownthemountainwiththemoststubborndonkeyever.Ofcourse，there'splentyoftimeforfunandmeetingpeople.Thereserveitselfisfullofthingstodo.Still，weekendsarebetterspentexploringmoreofthecountry，which，tome，isquitedifferentfrommyhomeland.Youcangetrecommendationsfromothervolunteersandlocals.AllaregreatexperiencesIstilltellstoriesabout.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prevalent"inParagraph1mean？BA．Verytraditional.B．Verycommon.C．Verypractical.D．Verystrange.（2）WhatcanwelearnaboutLaHesperia？CA．It'smodernized.B．It'snearthecity.C．It'sanaturalreserve.D．It'sverycoldatnight.（3）Whatistheauthor'sdaytimeworklike？CA．Singleandboring.B．Simpleandrelaxing.C．Variedandchallenging.D．Dangerousandcomplicated.（4）Whatdidtheauthormostprobablyprefertodoonweekends？AA．Gosightseeing.B．Stayinthehouse.C．Tellstoriestolocals.D．Gobacktohomeland.【答案】BCCA【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者在厄瓜多爾的一處自然保護(hù)區(qū)做志愿者的經(jīng)歷?！窘獯稹浚?）B.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前文的Iwasluckilyneverrobbed，（我從來(lái)沒(méi)有被搶劫過(guò)，）以及轉(zhuǎn)折連詞"but"可知，"我"遇到的人中，遭遇過(guò)搶劫的是很普遍的。A.Verytraditional.非常傳統(tǒng)的；B.Verycommon.非常普遍的；C.Verypractical.非常實(shí)際的；D.Verystrange.非常奇怪的。故選B。（2）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Thereserveisaltogetheraprotectedarea，amostlyself﹣sustainingfarm，alocalschool，andagreatlearningexperienceforinternationalconservationistslikeyouorme.（該保護(hù)區(qū)完全是一個(gè)保護(hù)區(qū)，一個(gè)基本自給自足的農(nóng)場(chǎng)，一所當(dāng)?shù)氐膶W(xué)校，對(duì)于像你我這樣的國(guó)際自然資源保護(hù)主義者來(lái)說(shuō)，是一個(gè)很好的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。）及關(guān)鍵詞"viewsofpurenature純凈的大自然"可知，這個(gè)地方應(yīng)該是個(gè)自然保護(hù)區(qū)。故選C。（3）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第三段中的關(guān)鍵詞treeplanting（植樹(shù)），trailmaintenance（維護(hù)）（道路維護(hù)），basicfarmwork（基本的農(nóng)場(chǎng)工作），takethedailymilkdownthemountain（把每天的牛奶帶下山）可知任務(wù)繁多，根據(jù)amachete（大刀）wastheonlytoolIneeded（一把大砍刀是我唯一需要的工具）和"withthemoststubborndonkeyever（和一頭最頑固的驢）可知，這些任務(wù)具有挑戰(zhàn)性。故選C。（4）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文最后一段Still，weekendsarebetterspentexploringmoreofthecountry，which，tome，isquitedifferentfrommyhomeland.（不過(guò)，周末最好還是多去探索一下這個(gè)國(guó)家，對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，這里和我的祖國(guó)很不一樣。）可知，作者周末更愿意游覽一下厄瓜多爾。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】做這類閱讀理解，要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。三．信息匹配（共1小題）4．Howdoyoupicktherightvolunteerexperienceforyou？Askyourselfthefollowingquestionstodeterminewhichexperiencebestfitsyourgoals.Whatcauseisimportanttoyou？Identifyyourgreatestpassions（酷愛(ài)）.Whatisaproblemyouwanttosolve？Whoarepeopleyouwanttoconnectwith？（1）D.Ifyoudon'thaveanswerstothosequestions，don'tworry.That'swhereyoujusthavetotryandlearnmoreaboutthecause，andseeifitattractsyou.（2）A？Thenonprofitsectorgrowsquickly.Understanding