安徽省2025屆普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試沖刺英語(yǔ)試卷(二)（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1安徽省2025屆普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)沖刺卷(二)第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASparkyourchild’scuriosityatoneofourinnovativewinterbreakcamps,February20-23.Sessions·ArcticAdventures,GradesK-2We’recallingpolarscientiststoexploretheArcticwithus!Camperswilldiscoverthesymmetry(對(duì)稱性)ofasnowflake,engineertheirownigloos(冰屋),andlearnhowArcticanimalskeepwarminthisicyadventure.·PolarPlunge,Grades3-5Camperswillplungeintothebiologyofsurvivingfreezingwinter,jumpintothephysicsoftheirfavoritewintergames,andfallinlovewiththechemistryofsnowandice.·HiddenBearsandSnowshoeHares,GradesK-2Comeoutofhibernationwithusthiswinter!Wewilllearnhowlocalplantsandanimalsadapt,explorethestoriesoftheseason,andexperimentwithsomefreezingfun.·WinterWetland,Grades3-5Putonyourbootsandgetreadytoexplorethescienceofwinter!Experimentwiththeuniquewaysourbodiesstaywarm,andgettheinsidescooponpopularwinterhobbies.You’llbesuretohavelotsoffrostywintertimefuninthisfascinatingecosystem!Price·Regular:$530·Family:$515·Feature:$500SickcamperpolicyAllparentsorguardiansofcampersmustreviewandsignoursickcamperpolicy.Thepolicyincludesrequirementsforadailyhealthcheck,aswellasproceduresforanyillnessesthatoccurduringthecampdayandforreturningtocampafterillness.Thepolicyshouldbereviewed,signed,andsubmittedelectronicallyinthecamperhealthprofilethroughCampDocduringregistration.1.Inwhichsessioncancamperslearnhowtobuildhouseswithice?A.ArcticAdventures. B.PolarPlunge.C.HiddenBearsandSnowshoeHares. D.WinterWetland.2.WhatcancampersexploreinWinterWetland?A.Howanimalsstayhealthy. B.Howhumanskeepwarm.C.Howplantssurvivewinter. D.Howsnowcomesintobeing.3.Whatareparentsorguardiansofcampersrequiredtodo?A.Signasicknesspolicy.B.Downloadcampers’healthprofiles.C.Submitthereportoftheirkids’healthcheck.D.Handintherecordoftheirfamilymedicalhistory.【答案】1.A2.B3.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。介紹了冬令營(yíng)活動(dòng)的有關(guān)情況?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ArcticAdventures下的“Camperswilldiscoverthesymmetry(對(duì)稱性)ofasnowflake,engineertheirownigloos(冰屋),andlearnhowArcticanimalskeepwarminthisicyadventure.(營(yíng)員們將會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)雪花的對(duì)稱，建造自己的冰屋，并在這次冰雪探險(xiǎn)中了解北極動(dòng)物是如何保暖的)”可知，ArcticAdventures課程可以學(xué)習(xí)如何用冰建造房子。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WinterWetland下的“Experimentwiththeuniquewaysourbodiesstaywarm,andgettheinsidescooponpopularwinterhobbies.(親身體驗(yàn)一番我們身體保持溫暖的獨(dú)特方式，并深入了解一下廣受歡迎的冬季愛(ài)好背后的門道)”可知，露營(yíng)者可以在WinterWetland探索人類是如何保暖的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Sickcamperpolicy下的“Allparentsorguardiansofcampersmustreviewandsignoursickcamperpolicy.Thepolicyincludesrequirementsforadailyhealthcheck,aswellasproceduresforanyillnessesthatoccurduringthecampdayandforreturningtocampafterillness.Thepolicyshouldbereviewed,signed,andsubmittedelectronicallyinthecamperhealthprofilethroughCampDocduringregistration.(所有露營(yíng)者的家長(zhǎng)或監(jiān)護(hù)人必須閱讀并簽署生病露營(yíng)者政策。該政策包括每日健康檢查的要求，以及在營(yíng)地日期間發(fā)生的任何疾病和生病后返回營(yíng)地的程序。該政策應(yīng)在注冊(cè)期間通過(guò)CampDoc在營(yíng)員健康檔案中進(jìn)行審查，簽署并以電子方式提交)”可知，營(yíng)員的家長(zhǎng)或監(jiān)護(hù)人需要簽署疾病保險(xiǎn)。故選A項(xiàng)。BMymotherpromisedmethatwhenIwaseightyearsold,shewouldteachmetoknit.Icouldnotwait.Unfortunately,myhomelifewaslessthanideal.Mymotherwaslessthanaffectionate,andmysisterandIdefinitelypreferredthecompanyofourfather,whowasverykindandloving.Thisapparentlyaddedtotheconflictbetweenmyparents,sotheyearIturnedeight,mymotherleftus.Wewokeuponemorningandfoundshewasjustgone.MyfatherexplainedthattheyhaddiscussedthesituationanddecidedmysisterandIwouldbehappierstayinginthefamilyhomewithhim.IrememberedthepromisethatIcouldlearntoknitwhenIwaseight.Obviously,mymotherwasnotavailableand,underthecircumstances,Ireallydidnotwantanycontactwithher.Apparently,learningtoknitwassomethingIhadmentionedmorethanoncetomydad.Imaginemysurprisewhenhecamehomefromworkonedayandannouncedtomysisterandmethathewasgoingtoteachustoknit!Hehadboughtabeginner’sbookILearntoKnitandneedlesandyarnforallthreeofus.Iwillneverforgetsittinghappilyonthesofa,learningtoknitwithmysister.Inthosedays,“real”mendidnotdosuchthings.Dadputasidetheprejudicesofthetimetofulfillapromisemadetohisdaughters.Icannotimaginethecourageitmusthavetaken.Thoseknittinglessonsturnedintoalifelongpassionforme.Today,Icreateandsellmyowncraftdesigns,andIgiveallofthecredittoamanwhowasnotafraidtobeaperson.Afterdecadesofsearching,IrecentlyfoundacopyofthebookILearntoKnitmyfatherhadpurchasedmanyyearsago.Itisnowmymostprizedpossession,andItreasureitasareminderofawonderfulmanwhoignoredtheprejudicesofhistimetohonouracommitmenttohistwolittlegirls.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorbeforesheturnedeight?A.Shegrewinasingle-parentfamily.B.Shehadaprejudiceagainsthermother.C.Shelivedinadisharmoniousfamily.D.Shepromisedtoteachherparentstoknit.5.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.Itwasnotcommonformentoknit.B.Theauthor’sfatherwasgoodatknitting.C.Knittingwasjustmeantfortruemen.D.Learningtoknitneededalotofpreparations.6.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sfather?A.Smartandcurious. B.Caringandcourageous.C.Diligentandambitious. D.Determinedandsevere.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Abrokenpromise B.TheheartofafatherC.Amosttreasuredbook D.Benefitsofknitting【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是記敘文。講述了母親離開后父親信守承諾教自己和姐姐編織的故事?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Unfortunately,myhomelifewaslessthanideal.Mymotherwaslessthanaffectionate,andmysisterandIdefinitelypreferredthecompanyofourfather,whowasverykindandloving.Thisapparentlyaddedtotheconflictbetweenmyparents,sotheyearIturnedeight,mymotherleftus.(不幸的是，我的家庭生活并不理想。我的母親不怎么愛(ài)我，而我和妹妹當(dāng)然更喜歡父親的陪伴，他非常善良和慈愛(ài)。這顯然增加了我父母之間的矛盾，所以在我八歲那年，我母親離開了我們)”可知，作者八歲前，生活在一個(gè)不和諧的家庭。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Imaginemysurprisewhenhecamehomefromworkonedayandannouncedtomysisterandmethathewasgoingtoteachustoknit!Hehadboughtabeginner’sbookILearntoKnitandneedlesandyarnforallthreeofus.Iwillneverforgetsittinghappilyonthesofa,learningtoknitwithmysister.Inthosedays,“real”mendidnotdosuchthings.Dadputasidetheprejudicesofthetimetofulfillapromisemadetohisdaughters.Icannotimaginethecourageitmusthavetaken.(想象一下，當(dāng)他有一天下班回家，對(duì)我和妹妹宣布他要教我們編織時(shí)，我是多么驚訝！他給我們?nèi)齻€(gè)人買了一本初學(xué)者的書《我學(xué)編織》和針和紗線。我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記和姐姐一起愉快地坐在沙發(fā)上學(xué)編織的情景。在那個(gè)時(shí)代，“真正的”男人不會(huì)做這樣的事情。父親拋開當(dāng)時(shí)的偏見，履行對(duì)女兒們的承諾。我無(wú)法想象那需要多大的勇氣)”可知，從本段可推知，在那個(gè)年代男人織毛衣是不常見的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Mymotherwaslessthanaffectionate,andmysisterandIdefinitelypreferredthecompanyofourfather,whowasverykindandloving.(我的母親不怎么愛(ài)我，而我和妹妹當(dāng)然更喜歡父親的陪伴，他非常善良和慈愛(ài))”以及第四段“Dadputasidetheprejudicesofthetimetofulfillapromisemadetohisdaughters.Icannotimaginethecourageitmusthavetaken.(父親拋開當(dāng)時(shí)的偏見，履行對(duì)女兒們的承諾。我無(wú)法想象那需要多大的勇氣)”可知，父親是慈愛(ài)和勇敢的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Afterdecadesofsearching,IrecentlyfoundacopyofthebookILearntoKnitmyfatherhadpurchasedmanyyearsago.Itisnowmymostprizedpossession,andItreasureitasareminderofawonderfulmanwhoignoredtheprejudicesofhistimetohonouracommitmenttohistwolittlegirls.(經(jīng)過(guò)幾十年的尋找，我最近找到了一本父親多年前買的《我學(xué)編織》。它現(xiàn)在是我最珍貴的財(cái)產(chǎn)，我把它珍藏起來(lái)，讓我想起一個(gè)了不起的男人，他不顧時(shí)代的偏見，履行對(duì)兩個(gè)小女兒的承諾)”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要講述了父親信守承諾教自己和姐姐編織的故事，體現(xiàn)了偉大的父愛(ài)，所以B項(xiàng)“父親的心”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。CAsaspeciesthatisheavilydependentonwater—withoutit,wewoulddiewithindays—weseemtobewiredtoplanforit.Thelossofwatercontributestoageneralmindsetofsavingandlong-termthinking.Thiscouldhaveanimportantinfluenceonhumankind’sresponsetoclimatechange.Weexploredthinkingaboutwaterinseveralways.Inoneexperiment,webrought211collegestudentstothelabandaskedaportionofthemtoreadanarticleweprovided.Somereceivedanarticlethatwasawful.Itdetailedpredictionsoftheworst“watershortagein1200years”.Othersreadanarticlethatwasmoreupbeat.Itdescribedhowclimatechangemeansmorerainandthereforeplentyofwater.(Thelatterarticlefocusedonthepositivesofwateravailabilityanddidnot,forexample,discussthreatoffloods.)Therestofthestudentscompletedthestudywithoutreadinganarticle.Wethenaskedthestudentshowimportantitwastosaveresourcesandthinkaboutthelongterm.Wefoundthatthemereideaofwaterscarcitywasenoughtokick-startthemintothinkingaboutthefuture.Incontrast,readingaboutafuturewatersurpluspushedpeopleintheoppositedirection.Theyapprovedoflivingforthepresentandcaredlessaboutsavingmoneyandotherresources,comparedwiththosewhohadansweredthequestionswithoutreadingaboutclimatechangeatall.Next,welookedforplaceswherecommunitieshaveexperiencedrealwaterscarcityforgenerations.WefoundtwogeographicallyclosecitiesinIran—ShirazandYazd—thathavesimilareconomiesandthesamemajorityreligion,languageandethnicitybutsharplydifferentamountsofwater.Shirazreceivesenoughrainfalltosupportvineyardsthatproduceitsworld-famouswine.NearbyYazdisbone-dry.Sureenough,peopleinYazdthoughtthatplanningforthefuturewasmoreimportantthanthoseinShiraz—whilepeopleinShirazlikedtheideaoflivinginthemomentmorethanthoseinYazd.8.Whataspectofwaterismainlymentionedinparagraph1?A.Itsuse. B.Itssource.C.Itsdistribution. D.Itssignificance.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“upbeat”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Ordinary. B.Inspiring. C.Optimistic. D.Confusing.10.Whatdoesthefindingreflect?A.Theeffectofreadingmaterials.B.Methodsofdoingexperiments.C.People’sviewsofexploringthefuture.D.People’sattitudestowardswaterresources.11.WhydidresearchersstudythetwocitiesinIran?A.Theysharemuchineconomies.B.Theythinkofthefuturedifferently.C.Theyhaveamarkeddifferenceinrainfall.D.Theyareexperiencingrealwaterscarcity.【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了水資源狀況對(duì)人們節(jié)約及長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)思考意識(shí)的影響?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Asaspeciesthatisheavilydependentonwater—withoutit,wewoulddiewithindays—weseemtobewiredtoplanforit.Thelossofwatercontributestoageneralmindsetofsavingandlong-termthinking.Thiscouldhaveanimportantinfluenceonhumankind’sresponsetoclimatechange.(作為一個(gè)嚴(yán)重依賴水的物種——沒(méi)有水，我們幾天內(nèi)就會(huì)死亡——我們似乎天生就會(huì)為水做規(guī)劃。水資源的缺失會(huì)促成一種普遍的節(jié)約和長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)思考的心態(tài)。這可能會(huì)對(duì)人類應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的方式產(chǎn)生重要影響。)”可知，第一段主要提到了水對(duì)人類的重要性。故選D?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中“Somereceivedanarticlethatwasawful.Itdetailedpredictionsoftheworst“watershortagein1200years”.Othersreadanarticlethatwasmoreupbeat.Itdescribedhowclimatechangemeansmorerainandthereforeplentyofwater.(Thelatterarticlefocusedonthepositivesofwateravailabilityanddidnot,forexample,discussthreatoffloods.)(一些學(xué)生收到了一篇令人擔(dān)憂的文章。它詳細(xì)預(yù)測(cè)了最嚴(yán)重的“1200年來(lái)最嚴(yán)重的水資源短缺”。而另一些學(xué)生讀了一篇更upbeat文章。文章描述了氣候變化意味著更多的降雨，因此有充足的水資源。（后一篇文章關(guān)注了水資源可利用的積極方面，例如，沒(méi)有討論洪水的威脅。）)”可知，文章描述了氣候變化意味著更多的降雨，因此有充足的水資源，可知這篇文章對(duì)水資源狀況是樂(lè)觀的描述，所以u(píng)pbeat意思是“樂(lè)觀的”。故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Wethenaskedthestudentshowimportantitwastosaveresourcesandthinkaboutthelongterm.Wefoundthatthemereideaofwaterscarcitywasenoughtokick-startthemintothinkingaboutthefuture.Incontrast,readingaboutafuturewatersurpluspushedpeopleintheoppositedirection.Theyapprovedoflivingforthepresentandcaredlessaboutsavingmoneyandotherresources,comparedwiththosewhohadansweredthequestionswithoutreadingaboutclimatechangeatall.(然后我們問(wèn)學(xué)生節(jié)約資源和進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)思考有多重要。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，僅僅是水資源短缺的概念就足以促使他們開始思考未來(lái)。相比之下，讀到關(guān)于未來(lái)水資源過(guò)剩的內(nèi)容則會(huì)使人們走向相反的方向。與那些根本沒(méi)有讀過(guò)關(guān)于氣候變化內(nèi)容就回答問(wèn)題的人相比，他們贊成活在當(dāng)下，對(duì)存錢和節(jié)約其他資源不太在意。)”可知，這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)反映了反映了人們對(duì)水資源的態(tài)度。故選D?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Next,welookedforplaceswherecommunitieshaveexperiencedrealwaterscarcityforgenerations.WefoundtwogeographicallyclosecitiesinIran—ShirazandYazd—thathavesimilareconomiesandthesamemajorityreligion,languageandethnicitybutsharplydifferentamountsofwater.Shirazreceivesenoughrainfalltosupportvineyardsthatproduceitsworld-famouswine.NearbyYazdisbone-dry.(接下來(lái)，我們尋找那些幾代人都經(jīng)歷過(guò)真正水資源短缺的社區(qū)所在的地方。我們?cè)谝晾收业搅藘蓚€(gè)地理位置相近的城市——設(shè)拉子和亞茲德——它們有著相似的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況，相同的主要宗教、語(yǔ)言和種族，但水資源量卻截然不同。設(shè)拉子有足夠的降雨量來(lái)支撐生產(chǎn)世界著名葡萄酒的葡萄園。附近的亞茲德則極為干旱。)”可知，研究人員研究伊朗的這兩個(gè)城市是因?yàn)樗鼈冊(cè)诮涤炅可嫌酗@著差異。故選C。DDespitelackingacentralbrain,jellyfish(水母)learnedtospotandavoidobstaclesinanewstudy,whichisthefirstevidencethattheseanimalscandosomethingcalledassociativelearning.“Maybelearningdoesn’tneedaverycomplicatednervoussystem,”saysJanBieleckifromKielUniversityinGermany.Maybeanycreaturewithevenasimplenervoussystemcanlearn.Caribbeanboxjellyfishincludefourrhopalia(感覺(jué)棍)hangingoffajellyfish’sbody.Eachrhopaliumhassix“eyes”andhasabout1,000neurons(神經(jīng)元)toprocesswhatthoseeyessee.Tohuntfood,thesejellyfishmustmovebetweentrees’roots.Theyjudgearoot’sdistancebasedonhowdarkitlookscomparedtothewater.Inclearwaters,nearbyrootshavehighcontrast.Onlydistantrootsfadeintothebackground.Butindarkwaters,evennearbyrootscanblendintotheirsurroundingsandhavelowcontrast.SotheresearcherswonderedifCaribbeanboxjellyfishcouldlearnthatlow-contrastobjects—whichmightatfirstseemdistant—wereactuallycloseby.Tofinditout,theteamput12jellyfishintoaroundwatertanksurroundedbylow-contrastgrayandwhitestripes(條).Suchstripesmightappeartoajellyfishlikedistantrootsintheclearwater.Initially,theanimalsseemedtoseethegraystripesasdistantrootandswamintothetankwall.Butthosecollisionsseemedtoleadthejellyfishtoreconsiderthestripes.Soon,thecreaturesknewhowtoavoidthem.Nexttheresearcherscutrhopaliaoffjellyfishandplacedtheminfrontofascreenthatshowedlow-contrast,lightgraybars.Meanwhile,therhopaliaweregivenaweakelectricalpulse.Thiscopiedthenerve(神經(jīng))signalrhopaliawouldgetifajellyfishbumpedintosomething.Atfirst,therhopaliaignoredlow-contrastbars.Butreceiving“bump”signalswhentheysawthosebarsmadethemstartpayingattention.Theirnervesstartedsendingoutthetypesofsignalstheyemitwhenajellyfishmovesawayfromsomething.Thissuggeststherhopaliaalonecanlearnthatseeminglydistant,low-contrastobjectsareinfactcloseenoughtoavoid.That,inturn,hintsthatthesenervecentersarebehindCaribbeanboxjellyfishlearning.12.Whatisthefocusoftheresearch?A.Themethodofhowjellyfishlearn. B.Thetheoryofassociativelearning.C.Thecompositionofanervoussystem. D.Thespeciallivinghabitofjellyfish.13.Howdojellyfishjudgearoot'sdistance?A.Byjudgingitssize. B.Bylookingatitscontrast.C.Bycomparingitsfeatures. D.Byanalyzingitssurroundings.14.Howdidtheresearchersconducttheirresearch?A.Theycolouredsomethingtoattractjellyfish.B.Theyexposedjellyfishtonaturalsurroundings.C.Theyadjustedthedistancebetweenobjects.D.Theycreatedjellyfish’ssimilarlivingconditions.15.Whatcanrhopaliabedescribedasforjellyfish?A.Adrivingforce. B.Alearningcenter. C.Aspecialinspiration. D.Asourceofknowledge.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文屬于說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了關(guān)于水母學(xué)習(xí)能力的研究，探討了即使沒(méi)有中央大腦，水母也能通過(guò)其感覺(jué)器官rhopalia學(xué)會(huì)識(shí)別和避開障礙物，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)提供了關(guān)聯(lián)學(xué)習(xí)在簡(jiǎn)單神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)中也可能存在的證據(jù)?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第一段中“Despitelackingacentralbrain,jellyfish(水母)learnedtospotandavoidobstaclesinanewstudy,whichisthefirstevidencethattheseanimalscandosomethingcalledassociativelearning.(盡管沒(méi)有中央大腦，水母在一項(xiàng)新的研究中學(xué)會(huì)了發(fā)現(xiàn)和避開障礙物，這是第一個(gè)證明這些動(dòng)物可以做一些叫做聯(lián)想學(xué)習(xí)的事情的證據(jù)。)”可知，研究的重點(diǎn)是水母學(xué)習(xí)的方法。故選A?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“Tohuntfood,thesejellyfishmustmovebetweentrees’roots.Theyjudgearoot’sdistancebasedonhowdarkitlookscomparedtothewater.(為了覓食，這些水母必須在樹根之間移動(dòng)。他們根據(jù)樹根相對(duì)于水的暗度來(lái)判斷樹根的距離。)”可知，水母根據(jù)樹根相對(duì)于水的暗度判斷根的距離。故選B?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“Tofinditout,theteamput12jellyfishintoaroundwatertanksurroundedbylow-contrastgrayandwhitestripes(條).Suchstripesmightappeartoajellyfishlikedistantrootsintheclearwater.Initially,theanimalsseemedtoseethegraystripesasdistantrootandswamintothetankwall.Butthosecollisionsseemedtoleadthejellyfishtoreconsiderthestripes.Soon,thecreaturesknewhowtoavoidthem.(為了找到答案，研究小組將12只水母放入一個(gè)圓形水箱中，水箱周圍是低對(duì)比度的灰色和白色條紋(條)。這種條紋對(duì)水母來(lái)說(shuō)可能就像清澈水中遙遠(yuǎn)的根。起初，這些動(dòng)物似乎把灰色條紋視為遙遠(yuǎn)的根，并游進(jìn)了水箱壁。但這些碰撞似乎讓水母重新考慮了這些t條紋。很快，這些生物知道如何避開它們。)”可知，研究人員創(chuàng)造了類似水母的生活條件進(jìn)行研究的。故選D?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段“Nexttheresearcherscutrhopaliaoffjellyfishandplacedtheminfrontofascreenthatshowedlow-contrast,lightgraybars.Meanwhile,therhopaliaweregivenaweakelectricalpulse.Thiscopiedthenerve(神經(jīng))signalrhopaliawouldgetifajellyfishbumpedintosomething.Atfirst,therhopaliaignoredlow-contrastbars.Butreceiving“bump”signalswhentheysawthosebarsmadethemstartpayingattention.Theirnervesstartedsendingoutthetypesofsignalstheyemitwhenajellyfishmovesawayfromsomething.(接下來(lái)，研究人員從水母身上切下rhopalia，并將它們放在屏幕前，屏幕上顯示低對(duì)比度的淺灰色條形圖。與此同時(shí)，rhopalia被給予微弱的電脈沖。這復(fù)制了水母撞到什么東西時(shí)rhopalia會(huì)得到的神經(jīng)信號(hào)。起初，rhopalia忽略了低對(duì)比度條。但當(dāng)他們看到這些條形物時(shí)，接收到“碰撞”信號(hào)會(huì)讓它們開始注意。它們的神經(jīng)開始發(fā)出水母離開某物時(shí)發(fā)出的各種信號(hào)。)”可知，對(duì)于水母來(lái)說(shuō)，rhopalia是一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)中心。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Moreoftenthannot,peoplecannotfindapointofbalancebetweentheircareersandtheirfamilies,andoneisgivenmoreprioritythantheother.Thisbehaviorhasbeenassociatedwithseveraldysfunctional(機(jī)能失調(diào)的)outcomes—tensefamilialrelationships,inefficiencyatwork,andpoorhealth.___16___Theideamayseemdifficult,butitispossibleifyoutakethetimeandcaretomakeitapriority.

Buildingstrongcommunicationwithyourfamilymembersissignificantinbringingawork-lifebalance.___17___Sharingyourworkwithyourfamilyandlettingthemknowyourworkstrugglescanhelpthemunderstandyourperspective.

___18___Havingworkplaceflexibilitycanmakeyourlifealoteasier.Youcanworkfromhomeoranyotherremotelocationwithoutcompromisingyourfamilytime.

Balancingfamilylifeandworkisallaboutconsistency.Havingaroutinedoesnotmeanstreamliningyourdailychoresandtasks.Youmustbuildaroutineforyourselfwhereyoucanrelaxattheendofthedayandde-stressyourbody.Ifyou’reanearlybird,trytogetsomehouseorworktasksdoneinthemorningbeforethekidswakeup.___19___Learninghowtobalanceworkandfamilylifeisn’teasy.Thereisnoone-size-fits-allapproach.___20___Essentially,abalancebetweenworkandfamilyoccurswhenapersonisabletosufficientlymeetfamilycommitmentsandadequatelyperformresponsibilitiesatwork.A.Hence,individualsneedtolearnandworkonbalancingworkandfamilylife.B.Thisallowsforqualitybreakfasttimewiththekidsbeforetheygotoschool.C.Balancingworkandfamilylifeisoneofthemostcommonsourcesofstress.D.Havingstrongfamilialbondspromotestrust,understanding,andsupport.E.Everypersonmustfindspecificsolutionsdependingontheirownneeds.F.Youcanalsoaskyouremployertoaddflexibilitytoyourworkplace.G.Itisimportantthatwecreateboundariesbetweenworkandfamily.【答案】16.A17.D18.F19.B20.E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了平衡工作和家庭的重要性及建議。【16題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Moreoftenthannot,peoplecannotfindapointofbalancebetweentheircareersandtheirfamilies,andoneisgivenmoreprioritythantheother.Thisbehaviorhasbeenassociatedwithseveraldysfunctional(機(jī)能失調(diào)的)outcomes—tensefamilialrelationships,inefficiencyatwork,andpoorhealth.(通常情況下，人們無(wú)法在事業(yè)和家庭之間找到平衡點(diǎn)，其中一個(gè)比另一個(gè)更重要。這種行為與一些功能失調(diào)的結(jié)果有關(guān)——緊張的家庭關(guān)系、工作效率低下和健康狀況不佳)”以及后文“Theideamayseemdifficult,butitispossibleifyoutakethetimeandcaretomakeitapriority.(這個(gè)想法可能看起來(lái)很難，但如果你花時(shí)間，并把它放在首位，它是可能的)”可知，本段主要講述人們無(wú)法在事業(yè)和家庭之間找到平衡點(diǎn)，后文提到這個(gè)想法可能看起來(lái)很難，所以空處應(yīng)是提出一個(gè)和事業(yè)和家庭之間找到平衡點(diǎn)的相關(guān)想法，A項(xiàng)“Hence,individualsneedtolearnandworkonbalancingworkandfamilylife.(因此，個(gè)人需要學(xué)習(xí)并努力平衡好工作與家庭生活)”承接上文，構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，并引出下文。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Buildingstrongcommunicationwithyourfamilymembersissignificantinbringingawork-lifebalance.(與家人建立良好的溝通對(duì)于實(shí)現(xiàn)工作與生活的平衡非常重要)”以及后文“Sharingyourworkwithyourfamilyandlettingthemknowyourworkstrugglescanhelpthemunderstandyourperspective.(與你的家人分享你的工作，讓他們知道你的工作困難可以幫助他們理解你的觀點(diǎn))”可知，本段主要講述與家人建立良好的溝通好處，所以D項(xiàng)“Havingstrongfamilialbondspromotestrust,understanding,andsupport.(擁有強(qiáng)大的家庭紐帶可以促進(jìn)信任、理解和支持)”符合本段主題，承接上文。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】設(shè)空位于段首，為本段中心句，根據(jù)后文“Havingworkplaceflexibilitycanmakeyourlifealoteasier.Youcanworkfromhomeoranyotherremotelocationwithoutcompromisingyourfamilytime.(工作場(chǎng)所的靈活性可以讓你的生活更輕松。你可以在家或任何其他偏遠(yuǎn)的地方工作，而不會(huì)影響你的家庭時(shí)間)”可知，本段主要講述在你的工作場(chǎng)所增加靈活性，所以F項(xiàng)“Youcanalsoaskyouremployertoaddflexibilitytoyourworkplace.(你也可以要求你的雇主在你的工作場(chǎng)所增加靈活性)”符合本段主題，為本段中心句。故選F項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】設(shè)空位于段尾，是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Ifyou’reanearlybird,trytogetsomehouseorworktasksdoneinthemorningbeforethekidswakeup.(如果你是一個(gè)早起的人，試著在孩子們醒來(lái)之前完成一些家務(wù)或工作任務(wù))”可知，B項(xiàng)“Thisallowsforqualitybreakfasttimewiththekidsbeforetheygotoschool.(這樣就可以在孩子上學(xué)前和他們一起吃高質(zhì)量的早餐)”是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)，符合文意。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Learninghowtobalanceworkandfamilylifeisn’teasy.Thereisnoone-size-fits-allapproach.(學(xué)習(xí)如何平衡工作和家庭生活并不容易。沒(méi)有放之四海而皆準(zhǔn)的方法)”可知，沒(méi)有統(tǒng)一的方法，所以E項(xiàng)“Everypersonmustfindspecificsolutionsdependingontheirownneeds.(每個(gè)人都必須根據(jù)自己的需要找到具體的解決方案)”是對(duì)前文的進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，符合文意。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。KelseyRussell,a23-year-oldstudent,hadalwaysenjoyedreadingthenewspaperwithherdad.____21____,aspartofherstudiesinsociologyandeducation,shefoundthatshe____22____social,cultural,political,andeconomicknowledge.Herconfidenceinclasswashurt.Soearlierthisyearsheaskedherdadfora____23____totheSundayeditionofTheNewYorkTimesforherbirthday.

Whenstartingtoreadthenewspapershefoundthatshefeltmore____24____aboutwhatwasgoingon,andmoreatpeacethanshedid.Whenshewas____25____theinformationonherphoneshewaseasytogetdistractedbytextsornotifications.

To____26____otherstoreadthenewspaper,shedecidedtodocumentherexperienceofreadingthepaperonsocialplatform.Inherfirstvideoaspartofthis____27____,postedonAugust22,sheheldupacopyofTheNewYorkTimesandtoldviewersshethoughtallGenZersshouldreadthenews.

“Inorderto____28____thenewspaper,I’mgoingto____29____documenteverydaywhatIlearn,”shesaid.

Thevideoprovedhugelypopular,____30____1.7millionviews,andshe’s____31____herword.Inthetwomonths,Russellhasposteddozensof____32____explainingandcommentingonthenewsstoriesshereads.

Russellbelievesher____33____islackinginmedialiteracy.She’shopingthatbydemonstratingthe____34____ofreadingthenewsshecangosomewaytowardschangingthat.Russellhopesyoungpeoplewillseethesignificancein____35____mediathankstohervideos.21.A.Besides B.Therefore C.Still D.Anyway22.A.learned B.lacked C.preferred D.missed23.A.subscription B.favor C.ride D.privilege24.A.optimistic B.concerned C.informed D.generous25.A.publishing B.recording C.spreading D.consuming26.A.forbid B.encourage C.inspect D.request27.A.journal B.project C.adaptation D.introduction28.A.takeover B.gothrough C.bringback D.commenton29.A.eventually B.literally C.hurriedly D.normally30.A.conveying B.cancelling C.completing D.receiving31.A.lookedup B.stuckto C.givenout D.broughtforward32.A.pictures B.essays C.videos D.standards33.A.family B.society C.class D.generation34.A.process B.skills C.commit D.value35.A.official B.various C.traditional D.positive【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.C25.D26.B27.B28.C29.B30.D31.B32.C33.D34.D35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了23歲的學(xué)生凱爾西·拉塞爾原本喜歡和父親讀報(bào)，但在學(xué)習(xí)中發(fā)現(xiàn)自己缺乏知識(shí)，便要了《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》周日版的訂閱，讀報(bào)后收獲良多并在社交平臺(tái)分享，希望改變年輕人缺乏媒體素養(yǎng)的狀況?！?1題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不過(guò)，作為社會(huì)學(xué)和教育學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的一部分，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己缺乏社會(huì)、文化、政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)知識(shí)。A.Besides此外；B.Therefore因此；C.Still不過(guò)，仍然；D.Anyway無(wú)論如何。前文提到“KelseyRussell,a23yearoldstudent,hadalwaysenjoyedreadingthenewspaperwithherdad.”，說(shuō)明她一直有讀報(bào)的習(xí)慣，而后文說(shuō)她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己知識(shí)欠缺，前后存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，still可表示這種轉(zhuǎn)折。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不過(guò)，作為社會(huì)學(xué)和教育學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的一部分，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己缺乏社會(huì)、文化、政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)知識(shí)。A.learned學(xué)習(xí)；B.lacked缺乏；C.preferred更喜歡；D.missed錯(cuò)過(guò)。根據(jù)后文“Herconfidenceinclasswashurt.”，她在課堂上信心受挫，這是因?yàn)樗谏鐣?huì)、文化、政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)知識(shí)方面有所欠缺。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以今年早些時(shí)候，她為了過(guò)生日向父親要了一份《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》周日版的訂閱服務(wù)。A.subscription訂閱；B.favor幫助；C.ride乘坐；D.privilege特權(quán)。后文提到“Whenstartingtoreadthenewspaper”，說(shuō)明她得到了報(bào)紙去閱讀，向父親要的應(yīng)該是報(bào)紙的訂閱服務(wù)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她開始讀報(bào)紙時(shí)，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己對(duì)正在發(fā)生的事情了解得更多了，而且比以前更平靜了。A.optimistic樂(lè)觀的；B.concerned關(guān)心的；C.informed見多識(shí)廣的，了解情況的；D.generous慷慨的。前文提到她缺乏知識(shí)，讀報(bào)后自然是對(duì)事情有了更多了解，結(jié)合“aboutwhatwasgoingon”可知，這里用informed更合適。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她在手機(jī)上獲取信息時(shí)，她很容易被短信或通知分散注意力。A.publishing出版；B.recording記錄；C.spreading傳播；D.consuming消耗，獲取。根據(jù)前文“onherphone”和后文“shewaseasytogetdistractedbytextsornotifications”可知，在手機(jī)上獲取信息的過(guò)程中容易被短信或通知干擾；consumeinformation表示“獲取信息”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了鼓勵(lì)其他人讀報(bào)紙，她決定在社交平臺(tái)上記錄自己讀報(bào)的經(jīng)歷。A.forbid禁止；B.encourage鼓勵(lì)；C.inspect檢查；D.request要求。后文“shedecidedtodocumentherexperienceofreadingthepaperonsocialplatform”以及“shethoughtallGenZersshouldreadthenews”表明，她記錄讀報(bào)經(jīng)歷的目的是鼓勵(lì)其他人讀報(bào)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在8月22日發(fā)布的作為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目一部分的第一個(gè)視頻中，她舉起一份《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》，并告訴觀眾她認(rèn)為所有Z世代的人都應(yīng)該讀新聞。A.journal日志；B.project項(xiàng)目；C.adaptation改編；D.introduction介紹。前文提到她決定在社交平臺(tái)記錄讀報(bào)經(jīng)歷，這可以看作是一個(gè)有計(jì)劃的項(xiàng)目，后文“herfirstvideoaspartofthis”也能體現(xiàn)這是一個(gè)項(xiàng)目。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：“為了重拾讀報(bào)的習(xí)慣，我要逐字記錄下我每天學(xué)到的東西，”她說(shuō)。A.takeover接管；B.gothrough經(jīng)歷；C.bringback帶回，重拾；D.commenton評(píng)論。前文提到她原本喜歡讀報(bào)，后來(lái)因知識(shí)缺乏有了新的讀報(bào)需求，這里說(shuō)要記錄讀報(bào)所學(xué)，是為了重拾讀報(bào)習(xí)慣，結(jié)合前文的讀報(bào)背景，bringback更符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“為了重拾讀報(bào)的習(xí)慣，我要逐字記錄下我每天學(xué)到的東西，”她說(shuō)。A.eventually最終；B.literally逐字地，確實(shí)地；C.hurriedly匆忙地；D.normally正常地。后文“documenteverydaywhatIlearn”強(qiáng)調(diào)每天具體記錄所學(xué)內(nèi)容，用literally能體現(xiàn)這種逐字記錄的意思。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)視頻非常受歡迎，獲得了170萬(wàn)的瀏覽量，而且她信守了諾言。A.conveying傳達(dá)；B.cancelling取消；C.completing完成；D.receiving收到，獲得。根據(jù)前文“Thevideoprovedhugelypopular”，視頻受歡迎，自然會(huì)獲得很多瀏覽量，結(jié)合“1.7millionviews”，這里用receiving合適。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這個(gè)視頻非常受歡迎，獲得了170萬(wàn)的瀏覽量，而且她信守了諾言。A.lookedup查閱；B.stuckto堅(jiān)持，信守；C.givenout分發(fā)；D.broughtforward提出。后文“Russellhasposteddozenso