江蘇省常州市2023-2024學年高一下學期期末適應性考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省常州市2023-2024學年高一下學期期末適應性考試英語試題第一部分：聽力（略）第二部分：閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWanttoreadaperfectchildren’sbook?Exploresomerecommendationsfromtrustedcritics.MyBrotherIsAway(SaraGreenwood,illustratedbyLuisaUribe)It’snevereasytoexplainthatafamilymemberiskeptinprison,anditcanbeespeciallyhardforchildren.Thistouchingbookdrawsontheauthor’sownchildhoodtotellthestoryofayounggirlwhosebrotherisinprison.Whatdoesshesaytoherfriendswhohaveseenhimonthenews?Andwillhestillloveher?Agentleandhopefulstoryforkidsaboutveryadultsituationsandcomplexfeelings.(Forages5to8)EyesthatKissintheCorners(JoannaHo,illustratedbyDungHo)Thisbookisbrilliantlywrittenbecauseitfocusesbothonhowthecharacters’eyeslookandonhowtheysee.Focusingonayounggirlwhotakesprideinher“eyesthatkissinthecornerandglowlikewarmtea”,JoannaHo’slyricalintergenerationalstorycombineswithDungHo’swarmandoftenmagicalimagerytobringusacelebrationonhowweseetheworld—andhowweseeourselves.(Forages4to8)RezDogs(JosephBruchac)Whentheepidemichits,Malianisvisitinghergrandparents.ItisinMalian’sgrandparents’storiesthatshelearnshowthepeopleofhernativecommunityhavealwaystakencareofoneanother.Writteninpoetry,thisbookshowsusthepandemicthroughachild’seyesandhelpsremindusthatresponsibilityandcaringforoneanotherissomethingweallcando.(Forages8to12)ListentotheLanguageoftheTrees(TeraKelly,illustratedbyMarieHermansson)Ifyouknowaboutthe“WoodWideWeb”,youknowthattreescommunicatethroughthefungi(真菌)thatconnecttheirroots.Still,didyouknowhowtheysupportoneanotherwithextrafood?Howtheycantelltheiroffspring(后代)apartfromothertrees?Howtheycanwarnothertreeswheninsectsattack?Then,considerthisoutstandingbookforkidsonthetopic.(Forages4to8)21.WhatdoMyBrotherIsAwayandEyesthatKissintheCornershaveincommon?A.Theybothrevealcomplexfeelings. B.Theybothtellstoriesthroughagirl’seyes.C.Theyareintendedforchildrenofsameage. D.Theybothfocusonchildren’sresponsibility.22.Whichbookbestsuitschildrenwhoareinterestedinscience?A.RezDogs B.EyesthatKissintheCornersC.MyBrotherIsAway D.ListentotheLanguageoftheTrees23.WhatcanwelearnaboutthebookRezDogs?A.Itmayattractpre-schoolchildren. B.Itiswrittenintheformofapoem.C.Ithaspicturesrelatedtothepandemic. D.Itmainlycoversglobalpandemics.【答案】21.B22.D23.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了四本優(yōu)秀的兒童讀物，提供了書的內(nèi)容、主題、適用兒童年齡等信息?！?1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MyBrotherIsAway部分中“Thistouchingbookdrawsontheauthor’sownchildhoodtotellthestoryofayounggirlwhosebrotherisinprison.（這本感人的書取材于作者自己的童年，講述了一個小女孩的故事，她的哥哥在監(jiān)獄里。）”和EyesthatKissintheCorners部分中“Focusingonayounggirlwhotakesprideinher“eyesthatkissinthecornerandglowlikewarmtea”（聚焦于一個小女孩，她為擁有“在眼角處相吻、像茶水般閃閃發(fā)光的雙眼”而自豪）”可知，這兩本書的共同之處在于都透過一個女孩的眼睛講故事。故選B項?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ListentotheLanguageoftheTrees部分中“Ifyouknowaboutthe“WoodWideWeb”,youknowthattreescommunicatethroughthefungi(真菌)thatconnecttheirroots.Still,didyouknowhowtheysupportoneanotherwithextrafood?Howtheycantelltheiroffspring(后代)apartfromothertrees?Howtheycanwarnothertreeswheninsectsattack?Then,considerthisoutstandingbookforkidsonthetopic.（如果你知道“樹聯(lián)網(wǎng)”，你就知道樹木是通過連接樹根的真菌來交流的。不過，你知道他們是如何用額外的食物互相支持的嗎？它們?nèi)绾螀^(qū)分自己的后代和其他樹？當昆蟲襲擊時，它們?nèi)绾尉嫫渌麡淠?？那么，考慮一下這本關(guān)于這個話題的優(yōu)秀的兒童讀物。）”可知，ListentotheLanguageoftheTrees這本書是關(guān)于樹的科學知識的，因此很適合對科學感興趣的兒童。故選D項。【23題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RezDogs部分中“Writteninpoetry,thisbookshowsusthepandemicthroughachild’seyesandhelpsremindusthatresponsibilityandcaringforoneanotherissomethingweallcando.（這本以詩歌形式寫成的書通過一個孩子的眼睛向我們展示了這場大流行病，并提醒我們，責任和相互關(guān)懷是我們都能做到的。）”可知，RezDogs是以詩的形式寫成的。故選B項。BInlatespringandearlysummereachyear,tensofmillionsofbutterfliescomeoutoftheirchrysalises(蠶蛹)inthebutterflyvalleyinsouthwestChina’sYunnanprovince.ForbutterflyexpertYangZhenwen,itisthebusiesttimeoftheyear,buthegreetsitwithgreatenthusiasm.Beforethebreakofdawn,Yanghasalreadyarrivedattheobservationpoint,busilytendingtotheneedsoftheawakeningbutterflies.“Duetowarmertemperatures,the‘butterflyexplosion’thisyearoccurredslightlyearlierthanusual,andthesizeofthebutterfliesislargerthanthatinpreviousyears,”said46-year-oldYang,curator(館長)ofthebutterflyvalleymuseum.“Weexpectthattherewillbeabout80millionto100millionbutterfliesinthevalleyduringthisyear’s‘butterflyexplosion’.Thatseemssocrazy,”saidYang.AccordingtoYang,inthevalley,morethan320butterflyspecieshavebeenidentifiedinspecimensorphotographs,includingtherarest,mostprimitive,largestandsmallestbutterfliesinChina.BesidesYang,manylocalvillageshavealsoassumedtheroleofbutterflyguardians.However,thejourneytowardachievinghuman-butterflyharmonywasfarfromeasy.Sometwodecadesago,thevillagershadlittleawarenessofbutterflyprotection,believingwronglythatbutterfliescouldendangertheirfoodcrops.Theyviewedthemaspeststhatshouldberemoved.In1998,YangbeganhisjourneyattheagriculturalsciencestationinMa’an’diTownship,theveryplacewherethebutterflyvalleylies.“ItwastherethatIgotintoafrequentdilemma—thelocalvillagers,seekingtoprotecttheircrops,wouldoftenturntopesticidestokillthebutterflies,”hesaid.“However,mysincereloveforthesecreaturesforcedmetopreventthemfromharmingthedelicateinsects.”Now,thedevelopmentofecotourismrelyingonbutterflyresourceshassuccessfullychangedtheonceextremelypoortownship.Morevillagershavestartedreproducingbutterflies.Hedescribesthebutterflyvalleyasa“dream-makingmachine”,whichextendsthe“butterflydream”ofharmoniouscoexistencebetweenhumansandnature.24.WhatmadeYang’saimtoreachhuman-butterflyharmonyhardinthebeginning?A.Warmtemperaturesinlocalvillages.B.Thenumberandsizeofthebutterflies.C.Improperlocationofthebutterflyvalley. D.Lackofawarenessofbutterflyprotection.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dilemma”inparagraph4mean?A.Achoicedifficulttomake. B.Afacteasytounderstand.C.Adutyhardtocarryout. D.Asituationsmoothtodealwith.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeYangZhenwen?A.Honestandprofessional. B.Humorousandcreative.C.Hard-workingandstrong-willed. D.Generousandeasy-going.27.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.ChangingthePoorStateofaTown B.VolunteeringasaButterflyGuardianC.HelpingButterfliesSpreadTheirWings D.DevelopingaRelationshipwiththeLocals【答案】24.D25.A26.C27.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了蝴蝶專家楊振文多年來致力于保護蝴蝶，描述了他為蝴蝶的保護工作付出的努力?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Sometwodecadesago,thevillagershadlittleawarenessofbutterflyprotection,believingwronglythatbutterfliescouldendangertheirfoodcrops.Theyviewedthemaspeststhatshouldberemoved.(大約20年前，村民們對蝴蝶保護知之甚少，錯誤地認為蝴蝶會危害他們的糧食作物。他們認為它們是應該消滅的害蟲)”可知，缺乏保護蝴蝶的意識讓楊想要達成人與蝴蝶和諧的目標在一開始變得困難。故選D?！?5題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“thelocalvillagers,seekingtoprotecttheircrops,wouldoftenturntopesticidestokillthebutterflies”以及“However,mysincereloveforthesecreaturesforcedmetopreventthemfromharmingthedelicateinsects”可知，一方面當?shù)卮迕駷榱吮Ｗo自己的莊稼，經(jīng)常使用殺蟲劑來殺死蝴蝶，另一方面楊振文對這些生物真摯的愛迫使他阻止他們傷害這些脆弱的昆蟲。即他面臨一個很難做出的選擇。故劃線詞意思是“一個很難做出的選擇”。故選A?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“In1998,YangbeganhisjourneyattheagriculturalsciencestationinMa’an’diTownship,theveryplacewherethebutterflyvalleylies.(1998年，楊在蝴蝶谷所在的馬安地鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)業(yè)科學站開始了他的旅程)”以及最后一段“Now,thedevelopmentofecotourismrelyingonbutterflyresourceshassuccessfullychangedtheonceextremelypoortownship.Morevillagershavestartedreproducingbutterflies.Hedescribesthebutterflyvalleyasa“dream-makingmachine”,whichextendsthe“butterflydream”ofharmoniouscoexistencebetweenhumansandnature.(如今，依托蝴蝶資源開發(fā)生態(tài)旅游，成功地改變了這個曾經(jīng)極度貧困的小鎮(zhèn)。越來越多的村民開始繁殖蝴蝶。他將蝴蝶谷描述為“造夢機器”，延伸了人與自然和諧共處的“蝴蝶夢)”可推知，楊振文工作努力，意志堅強。故選C?！?7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Inlatespringandearlysummereachyear,tensofmillionsofbutterfliescomeoutoftheirchrysalises(蠶蛹)inthebutterflyvalleyinsouthwestChina’sYunnanprovince.ForbutterflyexpertYangZhenwen,itisthebusiesttimeoftheyear,buthegreetsitwithgreatenthusiasm.(每年春末夏初，在中國西南部云南省的蝴蝶谷，數(shù)以千萬計的蝴蝶從蛹中出來。對于蝴蝶專家楊振文來說，這是一年中最忙的時候，但他卻以極大的熱情迎接它)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了蝴蝶專家楊振文多年來致力于保護蝴蝶，描述了他為蝴蝶的保護工作付出的努力?？芍珻選項“幫助蝴蝶展翅”最符合文章標題。故選C。CInaworldfeaturingendlesschoices,thesearchforsimplicityhasbecomemorethanjustadesire—it’sanecessity.ThebookYesMeansYes,EverythingElseMeansNoexploresthephilosophyofsimplicityanddecision-making.WrittenbyBruceMullen,thisbookgoesbeyondself-helpclichés(陳詞濫調(diào))andoffersagenuine,actionableapproachtoguidinglife’schoices.Thebookrecognizesdecision-makingasthecentreofhumanexistenceandinvitesreaderstoadmiteachdecisioncarriesaweight.“YesMeansYes,EverythingElseMeansNo”sumsupasignifcan’trule—adefinite“Yes”andaclear“No.”Itencouragesreaderstofocusonthe“Yes”andstopreadersfromputtingtheireffortintouncertainthings.Anotherrulestressedinthebookissimplicityindecision-making.Byadoptingsimplicity,decision-makersaimtogetthekeyinformation,focusonthemostrelatedfactors,andavoidunnecessaryaspects,enablingquickerjudgmentsandswifterconclusions.Thebookisapracticalguidetoenhancedecision-makingskills.Theauthordoesn’tmerelyexpressthephilosophybutequipsreaderswiththetoolstheyneedtoapplyeffectively.Fromtechniquestogivepreferencetotaskstomethodsforavoidingdistractions(分心),thebookoffersskillsforsimplifyingthedecision-makingprocess.Throughpersonalexperiences,Mullendeterminedthepowerofsimplification,guidingpeopletomakedecisionsaccordingtoone’sownvaluesanddesires.Beyondindividualcontext,thisbookalsoinfluencesbusinessstrategies,relationshipdynamics,andsocietalconsiderations.Mullennotonlyexplorestheessenceof“yesmeansyes”butstressesthesignificanceofmakingcleardecisionsatacrossroads.“YesMeansYes,EverythingElseMeansNo”ismorethanabook;it’saphilosophythatcanchangehowweapproachdecisions.Forthoseseekingtoguidelifewithclarityandpurpose,thisbookisaguidinglightinthefogofindecision.28.Whatarethereadersencouragedtodoaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Solveuncertainmatters.B.Summarizeakeyprinciple.C.Concentrateonrelatedthings.D.Makedecisionsindependently.29.Whyisthebookapracticalguidetoreaders?A.Toprovidereaderswithlifevalues.B.Tohelpreadersexpressphilosophy.C.Toimprovereaders’criticalthinkingskills.D.Toequipreaderswithdecision-makingskills.30.Whatisparagraph4ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Definitionofsimplicity. B.Rulesofmakingdecisions.C.Benefitsofstressingclarity. D.Influencesofdecision-making.31.Whatisthearticleaimedat?A.Recommendingabook. B.Sharingapositiveattitude.C.Describingasimplelifestyle. D.Solvingphilosophicalproblems.【答案】28.C29.D30.C31.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了《YesMeansYes,EverythingElseMeansNo》這本可以增強讀者決策力的書?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第二段中“Anotherrulestressedinthebookissimplicityindecision-making.Byadoptingsimplicity,decision-makersaimtogetthekeyinformation,focusonthemostrelatedfactors,andavoidunnecessaryaspects,enablingquickerjudgmentsandswifterconclusions.(書中強調(diào)的另一條規(guī)則是決策的簡單性。通過采用簡化，決策者獲取關(guān)鍵信息，關(guān)注最相關(guān)的因素，避免不必要的方面，從而更快地判斷和更快地得出結(jié)論。)”可知，這本書建議讀者專注于相關(guān)的事情。故選C?！?9題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“Thebookisapracticalguidetoenhancedecision-makingskills.Theauthordoesn’tmerelyexpressthephilosophybutequipsreaderswiththetoolstheyneedtoapplyeffectively.Fromtechniquestogivepreferencetotaskstomethodsforavoidingdistractions(分心),thebookoffersskillsforsimplifyingthedecision-makingprocess.(這本書是提高決策能力的實用指南。作者不僅表達了哲學，還為讀者提供了有效應用所需要的工具。從優(yōu)先處理任務的技巧到避免分心的方法，這本書提供了簡化決策過程的技巧。)”可知，這本書提供了使讀者具備決策能力的有效工具，所以是讀者的實用指南。故選D?！?0題詳析】主旨大意題。由文章第四段“Throughpersonalexperiences,Mullendeterminedthepowerofsimplification,guidingpeopletomakedecisionsaccordingtoone’sownvaluesanddesires.Beyondindividualcontext,thisbookalsoinfluencesbusinessstrategies,relationshipdynamics,andsocietalconsiderations.Mullennotonlyexplorestheessenceof“yesmeansyes”butstressesthesignificanceofmakingcleardecisionsatacrossroads.(通過個人經(jīng)歷，馬倫確定了簡化的力量，引導人們根據(jù)自己的價值觀和欲望做出決定。除了個人背景，這本書也影響商業(yè)戰(zhàn)略，關(guān)系動態(tài)，和社會的考慮。馬倫不僅探討了“是就是是”的本質(zhì)，還強調(diào)了在十字路口做出明確決定的重要性。)”可知，本段主要陳述了強調(diào)清晰（簡化）的好處。故選C?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章最后一段““YesMeansYes,EverythingElseMeansNo”ismorethanabook;it’saphilosophythatcanchangehowweapproachdecisions.Forthoseseekingtoguidelifewithclarityandpurpose,thisbookisaguidinglightinthefogofindecision.(《YesMeansYes,EverythingElseMeansNo》不僅僅是一本書；這是一種可以改變我們做決定方式的哲學。對于那些尋求用清晰和目標來引導生活的人來說，這本書是在迷茫中指引方向的明燈。)”可知，這篇文章的目的是推薦《YesMeansYes,EverythingElseMeansNo》這本書。故選A。DTheFoodandDrugAdministrationonTuesdayproposedmaximumlimitsfortheamountoflead(鉛)inbabyfoods,afteryearsofstudiesrevealedthatmanyprocessedproductscontainedlevelsknowntoposearisktobabyhealth.“Thisisreallyimportantprogressforbabies,”saidScottFaber,vicepresidentofpublicaffairsfortheEnvironmentalWorkingGroup,anonprofitorganizationthathadadvisedtheagency(機構(gòu))totakeactiontoremovemetalsfromfoods.“WewerethankfulthatF.D.A.hasmadereducingpoisonousmetalsinbabyfoodapriority(優(yōu)先事項).”Thenewlimits,aimedatfoodsforchildrenunder2,donotdealwithgrain-basedsnacksthathavealsobeenfoundtocontainhighlevelsofheavymetals.Andtheydonotlimitothermetals,likecadmium,whichtheagencyandmanyconsumergroupshavefoundinbabyfoodsinpreviousyears.JaneHoulihan,researchdirectorforHealthyBabiesBrightFutures,anonprofit,calledtheguidelinesdisappointing.“Itdoesn’tgofarenoughtoprotectbabiesfromneurodevelopmental(神經(jīng)發(fā)育的)damagefromleadexposures,”shesaid.“Leadisinalmosteverybabyfoodwe’vetested,andtheactionlevelsthatF.D.A.hassetwillinfluencealmostnoneofthatfood.”TheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionhassaidthereisnosafelevelofleadforchildren,whomorereadilyabsorbtheheavymetal.Theagencyestimatedthattheproposedlevelscouldreducethedietary(飲食的)exposuretoleadforsomeyoungchildrenbyabout25percent.However,accordingtotheF.D.A.,evenlowlevelsofleadexposureinchildrencanleadto“l(fā)earningdisabilities,behaviordifficultiesandloweredI.Q”.Leadiseverywhereintheenvironmentfromdecadesofuncontrolleduseingasolineforcars,farmmachinery,aircraftandpaint,saidTraceyWoodruff,ascientistattheUniversityofCalifornia.Mr.Fabersaidthenewguidelinewouldcausefoodcompaniestoencouragesupplierstochangetheirfarmingpracticestoreducetheleadlevelsinfood.“Ithinkthatpasthistoryhasshownthatfarmersandfoodcompaniesareveryquicklyabletochangehowtheygrowandprocesstheseingredientstomeettougherstandards,”hesaid.32.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.Thepurposesoftheguidelines. B.Thebenefitsoftheguidelines.C.Thedisadvantagesoftheguidelines. D.Thefunctionsoftheguidelines.33.WhydoestheguidelinedisappointJaneHoulihan?A.Itaimsatallkindsofpoisonousmetals.B.Itonlyfocusesonreducingtheamountoflead.C.Itfailstoprotectchildrenfromleadexposures.D.Itencouragesfarmerstodealwithsnackswithheavymetals.34.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMr.Faber’sattitudetowardstheguideline?A.Positive. B.Negative. C.Cautious. D.Unclear.35.Whatchangemaytheguidelinebringdirectlyaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Thewayoffarming. B.Thelifestyleofthefarmers.C.Thesuppliesoffood. D.Themanagementofthefoodcompanies.【答案】32.C33.C34.A35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。美國食品和藥物管理局提出了嬰兒食品中鉛的最高限量，但人們對該指導方針看法不一?！?2題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Thenewlimits,aimedatfoodsforchildrenunder2,donotdealwithgrain-basedsnacksthathavealsobeenfoundtocontainhighlevelsofheavymetals.Andtheydonotlimitothermetals,likecadmium,whichtheagencyandmanyconsumergroupshavefoundinbabyfoodsinpreviousyears.（新的限制針對的是兩歲以下兒童的食品，不包括谷物零食，這些零食也被發(fā)現(xiàn)含有高濃度的重金屬。此外，它們也不限制鎘等其他金屬，該機構(gòu)和許多消費者團體在前幾年就在嬰兒食品中發(fā)現(xiàn)了鎘）”可知，第三段指出了該指導方針的缺點。故選C?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Itdoesn’tgofarenoughtoprotectbabiesfromneurodevelopmental(神經(jīng)發(fā)育的)damagefromleadexposures（它不足以保護嬰兒免受鉛暴露造成的神經(jīng)發(fā)育損傷）”和“Leadisinalmosteverybabyfoodwe’vetested,andtheactionlevelsthatF.D.A.hassetwillinfluencealmostnoneofthatfood.（我們測試過的幾乎所有嬰兒食品都含有鉛，而F.D.A.設定的行動水平幾乎不會影響到這些食品）”可知，JaneHoulihan之所以對指南失望，是因為它沒能保護兒童免受鉛接觸。故選C?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Mr.Fabersaidthenewguidelinewouldcausefoodcompaniestoencouragesupplierstochangetheirfarmingpracticestoreducetheleadlevelsinfood.（費伯說，新的指導方針將促使食品公司鼓勵供應商改變他們的耕作方式，以降低食品中的鉛含量。）”可知，費伯先生對指導方針的態(tài)度是“積極的”。故選A?！?5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ithinkthatpasthistoryhasshownthatfarmersandfoodcompaniesareveryquicklyabletochangehowtheygrowandprocesstheseingredientstomeettougherstandards,（我認為，過去的歷史表明，農(nóng)民和食品公司能夠很快改變他們種植和加工這些成分的方式，以滿足更嚴格的標準）”可知，指導方針可能直接帶來“耕種方式”的變化。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多于選項。Doyouwanttoimpresspeoplewithyourwords?Doyouwanttobethepersonatpartieswhoseconversationisalwaysfilledwithwisdom?____16____●Readhigh-leveljournalism.Oneofthebestwaystobuildyourvocabularyistomeetnewanddifficultwordsinthecontext.____17____PublicationssuchastheNewYorkTimes,TheEconomist,TheNewYorker,andTheGuardianareallexcellentsourcesofEnglish.●____18____Yourimpressivewordswillnotarouseyourfriends’interestifyoudon’tsoundcomfortableusingthem.Practiceusingyournewvocabularyasoftenaspossible.Remembertobeyourself.Byallmeansbethebest,mostimpressiveversionofyou,butstayyou.●Presentconfidentbodylanguage.About70%ofallcommunicationisdonethroughnon-verbalcommunication,suchasbodylanguageandgestures.____19____Standstraight.Don’tswingwildlyorrushthroughyourwordsoryourgestures.Movingtooquicklyisasignofnervousness.Makeeyecontactabout50%ofthetimewhenspeaking,andabout70%ofthetimewhenlistening.●Learntoreadyouraudience.Oneofthebestwaystolearntoreadanaudienceistowatchandlisten.Apersonwhoonlylistenstothesoundofhisownvoicewillnotimpressotherpeople.Makesuretolistenaswellasspeak.____20____Forexample,don’tassumethatwomenwillonlywanttodiscussshoppingorthatmenwillonlywanttodiscusssports.A.Practiceuntilitcomesnaturally.B.Practicetheconversationtokeepitactive.C.Herearesometipstoamazeyouraudiences.D.Don’tmakeassumptionsaboutyouraudience.E.Inordertodelightyouraudience,youshouldexpressconfidencewhenyouspeak.F.Toimpresspeople,youmustknowhowtorecognizeopportunitieswhereyoucanbewise.G.Readingnewspaperswillexposeyoutonewvocabularyandinformyouabouttheworld.【答案】16.C17.G18.A19.E20.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一些讓聽眾印象深刻的方法?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Doyouwanttoimpresspeoplewithyourwords?Doyouwanttobethepersonatpartieswhoseconversationisalwaysfilledwithwisdom?(你想用你的語言給人留下深刻印象嗎？你想成為聚會上談吐總是充滿智慧的人嗎？)”結(jié)合后文主要說明了讓聽眾印象深刻的方法，故C選項“這里有一些技巧可以讓你的聽眾大吃一驚”填入空格處，可以承上啟下，符合語境，故選C?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Oneofthebestwaystobuildyourvocabularyistomeetnewanddifficultwordsinthecontext.(擴充詞匯量的最好方法之一就是在上下文中接觸生詞和生詞)”以及后文“PublicationssuchastheNewYorkTimes,TheEconomist,TheNewYorker,andTheGuardianareallexcellentsourcesofEnglish.(《紐約時報》、《經(jīng)濟學人》、《紐約客》和《衛(wèi)報》等出版物都是極好的英語來源)”可知，本句是在建議閱讀報紙來增加詞匯量。故G選項“讀報紙可以讓你接觸到新詞匯，讓你了解這個世界”符合語境，故選G?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Yourimpressivewordswillnotarouseyourfriends’interestifyoudon’tsoundcomfortableusingthem.Practiceusingyournewvocabularyasoftenaspossible.Remembertobeyourself.Byallmeansbethebest,mostimpressiveversionofyou,butstayyou.(如果你說的話聽起來不舒服，那么你給人留下深刻印象的話語就不會引起朋友的興趣。盡可能多地練習使用新詞匯。記住做你自己。盡你所能，做最好的，最令人印象深刻的自己，但仍然做你自己)”可知，后文提到“如果你說的話聽起來不舒服，那么你給人留下深刻印象的話語就不會引起朋友的興趣”，可知本段的主旨是通過練習來讓對話更加自然，和讓人舒適。故A選項“練習，直到它成為自然?！狈险Z境，故選A?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“About70%ofallcommunicationisdonethroughnon-verbalcommunication,suchasbodylanguageandgestures.(大約70%的交流是通過非語言交流完成的，比如肢體語言和手勢)”以及后文“Standstraight.Don’tswingwildlyorrushthroughyourwordsoryourgestures.Movingtooquicklyisasignofnervousness.Makeeyecontactabout50%ofthetimewhenspeaking,andabout70%ofthetimewhenlistening.(站直。不要瘋狂地搖擺或匆忙地表達你的語言或手勢。行動太快是緊張的表現(xiàn)。說話時大約50%的時間進行眼神交流，傾聽時大約70%的時間進行眼神交流)”可知，上文提到了非語言交流的重要性，后文提到了站直等肢體語言，可知本句是在說明通過肢體語言來表現(xiàn)出自信。故E選項“為了使你的聽眾高興，你說話的時候應該表現(xiàn)出自信”符合語境，故選E?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Forexample,don’tassumethatwomenwillonlywanttodiscussshoppingorthatmenwillonlywanttodiscusssports.(例如，不要認為女人只想談論購物，或者男人只想談論體育)”可知，后文的例子表明不要對聽眾做假設，D選項中assumptions對應后文assume。故D選項“不要對你的聽眾做假設”符合語境，故選D。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Haveyoueverfeltnervouswhiledoingsomethingfortheveryfirsttime?Ifyougotdroppedoffinanewenvironmentwithabunchofstrangers,whatwouldyoudo?Itcanbeextremelydifficult,andevenfrighteningattimes,totrysomething___41___.Recently,apopularChinesevloggerpostedvideosteachingpeoplehowtotakethemetroandbusincities.Thefirstreactionofmanynetizenswas___42___.Afterall,whodoesn’tknowhowtousepublictransportation?Butsoon,manyothersthankedthecreatorforherthoughtfuland___43___videosbecausesheshowedpeopleasimple-to-followsetof___44___onwhattodo.Manyhad___45___torealizelotsofpeopleinChinadon’tliveinlargecities.Whatwemay___46___ascommonknowledgemayverywellbe___47___andconfusingtoothers.Videoslikethese,whichhelppeopleto___48___thelifeskillstheymaynothave,may___49___themalotofawkwardness.IremembergoingtocollegeinAmericaforthefirsttime.Whenyounger,Ihadalreadylearnedmany___50___skills,likecookingsimplemeals.The___51___wasdifferentwithmanyofmyroommates.Theydidn’thavetheseskillsIconsiderverybasic.AndIdidn’tknowhowtousethedishwasher___52___toalmosteveryAmerican.WhatmyroommatesandIdidwashelpeachotheroutby___53___ourknowledgeabouthowtodoonethingoranother.Itisnot___54___forafarmertolearnhowtoridethemetro,justasitisunnecessaryforacitypersontolearnhowtoraisechickens.Butwecanlearnhowtodoboth-—thankstothepeoplewillingtokeepa(n)___55___mindaboutotherpeopleandgiveahelpinghandaswell.41.A.special B.new C.unusual D.complicated42.A.confusion B.relief C.anxiety D.admiration43.A.long-standing B.expensive C.inspiring D.informative44.A.introductions B.instructions C.requirements D.inspections45.A.continued B.seemed C.failed D.come46.A.declare B.employ C.feature D.perceive47.A.professional B.fascinating C.foreign D.striking48.A.pickup B.putup C.takeup D.makeup49.A.bring B.allow C.cause D.save50.A.management B.business C.household D.nutrition51.A.example B.case C.occasion D.event52.A.common B.important C.unique D.particular53.A.applying B.acquiring C.spreading D.sharing54.A.suitable B.beneficial C.essential D.useful55.A.open B.active C.clear D.honest【答案】41.B42.A43.D44.B45.C46.D47.C48.A49.D50.C51.B52.A53.D54.C55.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過作者看到網(wǎng)上的一位網(wǎng)友通過錄制視頻方式教大家如何乘坐公共交通的事件展開論述，作者認為對于一些人來說，雖然沒有必要去學會生活中他們用不到的所有的技能，但是非常感謝那些愿意對他人保持開放心態(tài)并伸出援助之手的人?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：嘗試新事物是非常困難的，有時甚至是可怕的。A.special特殊的；B.new新的；C.unusual不同尋常的；D.complicated復雜的。根據(jù)前當文“Ifyougotdroppedoffinanewenvironmentwithabunchofstrangers”可知，如果你被送到一個陌生的環(huán)境和一群陌生人在一起的時候，你可能不敢嘗試新的事物甚至會感覺到害怕。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：許多網(wǎng)友的第一反應是困惑。A.confusion困惑；B.relief寬慰；C.anxiety焦慮；D.admiration欽佩，羨慕。根據(jù)后文“Afterall,whodoesn’tknowhowtousepublictransportation”可知，畢竟，誰不知道如何使用公共交通工具呢？所以該視頻告訴人們?nèi)绾纬俗罔F是讓網(wǎng)友們感覺到困惑。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但很快，許多人都感謝了這位創(chuàng)作者，因為她為人們展示了一套簡單易行的操作指南，讓人們知道該怎么做。A.long-standing長期存在的；B.expensive昂貴的；C.inspiring鼓舞人心的；D.informative提供信息的。根據(jù)后文“becausesheshowedpeopleasimple-to-followsetof______onwhattodo.”可知，該視頻為人們?nèi)绾文軌蚝唵蔚爻俗煌üぞ咛峁┝诵畔?。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.introductions介紹；B.instructions說明，指令；C.requirements要求；D.inspections檢查。根據(jù)后文“whattodo”可知，該視頻展示了一套簡單易行的操作指南，即對如何乘坐公共交通進行說明。讓人們知道該怎么做。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：許多人沒有意識到中國有很多人不住在大城市。A.continued繼續(xù)；B.seemed似乎；C.failed失敗、未能；D.come來。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)otsofpeopleinChinadon’tliveinlargecities”可知，許多人未能意識到中國有很多人不住在大城市。故選C。【46題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們認為是常識的東西對其他人來說很可能是陌生的和令人困惑的。A.declare宣布；B.employ雇傭；C.feature以……為特征；D.perceive理解，認為。根據(jù)后文“ascommonknowledge”可知，我們認為是常識的東西對于他人可能很陌生。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.professional專業(yè)的；B.fascinating迷人的；C.foreign國外的，陌生的；D.striking驚人的，印象深刻的。根據(jù)后文“confusingtoothers”可知，我們認為是常識的東西對其他人來說很可能是陌生的和令人困惑的。故選C?！?8題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：像這樣的視頻可以幫助人們掌握他們可能沒有的生活技能，可能會讓他們免去很多尷尬。A.pickup習得，拾起；B.putup舉起，張貼；C.takeup占據(jù)，從事；D.makeup組成。根據(jù)后文的“thelifeskills”可知，幫助人們掌握生活技能。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.bring帶來；B.allow允許；C.cause導致；D.save避免，節(jié)省。根據(jù)后文“themalotofawkwardness”可知，這些視頻可能會讓他們避免很多尷尬。故選D?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當我還小的時候，我已經(jīng)學會了很多家務技巧，比如做簡單的飯菜。A.management管理；B.business生意，事業(yè)；C.household家庭、家務；D.nutrition營養(yǎng)。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)ikecookingsimplemeals”可知，作者學會了很多家務技巧如做飯。故選C?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的許多室友的情況都不一樣。A.example例子；B.case事例，情況；C.occasion場合；D.event活動。根據(jù)后文“Theydidn’thavetheseskillsIconsiderverybasic.AndIdidn’tknowhowtousethedishwasher______toalmosteveryAmerican.”可知，作者和其他許多室友的情況是不一樣的。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們沒有這些我認為非?；镜募寄?。而且我不知道如何使用幾乎每個美國人都有的洗碗機。A.common普通的，常見的；B.important重要的；C.unique獨特的；D.particular特殊的，尤其的。根據(jù)前文“howtousethedishwasher”以及“almosteveryAmerican”可知，作者不知道如何使用幾乎常見的洗碗機。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的室友和我所做的就是通過分享我們對如何做一件事或另一件事的知識來互相幫助。A.applying申請；B.acquiring獲得；C.spreading傳播；D.sharing分享。根據(jù)前文“helpeachotherout”可知，作者的室友和作者所做的就是通過分享知識來互相幫助。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：農(nóng)