江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhencanthemanmeetwithNick?A.OnMay12th. B.OnMay14th. C.OnMay15th.【答案】C【原文】M:CanyoufixadateforustomeetwithNick?Icanmanagethetwelfth,fourteenthorfifteenth.W:OK,butNickwouldbeawayuntilMay14th,soit’llhavetobethefollowingday.2.Whatplacearethespeakerslookingfor?A.Ahotel. B.Apolicestation. C.Acinema.【答案】C【原文】W:Look!IthinkthatisOdeonCinemaoverthere.M:ButitsaysHotelRoyal!Canyouseethebigwords?W:Idon’tunderstand.Irememberitisthere.Let’saskthepolicemanoverthere.3.Howwillthespeakerspay?A.Byusingcoins. B.Byusingacard. C.Byusinganote.【答案】B【原文】W:Oh,no!It’stwopoundsforthecarpark.Ionlyhaveafive-poundnote.Themachinetakescoins.Ican’tusenotes.M:ActuallyI’mafraidIdon’thaveanycoinseither.Butlook!Ittakescards.W:Ihaven’tgotmycardwithme.M:Don’tworry.Ihave.4.WhatdoesthemanoftendoonSaturday?A.Reviewhisnotes. B.Haveaclass. C.Watchamovie.【答案】A【原文】W:Howaboutseeingthenewfilmatthetheatertomorrow?M:Sorry.IhaveaGREclasseveryFriday,andthenextdayIalwayshavetolookovermynotesathome.5.Howmuchwillthewomanpayforthethreetoys?A.10dollars. B.15dollars. C.30dollars.【答案】B【原文】W:Iwanttotakethesethreetoys.Howmucharethey?M:Wearehavingasaletoday.Theoriginalpriceis10dollarseach,butnowitonlycostshalftheprice.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thegirl’sjob. B.Thegirl’smajor. C.Thegirl’scollege.7.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?A.Shecan’tmakeherowndecision.B.Sheisn’tseriousaboutherfuture.C.Shedoesn’twanttostudybusiness.【答案】6.B7.C【原文】M:Joyce?W:Yeah,Dad!I’minmyroom.I’mpacking.M:Hi,honey.Ican’tbelieveyouaregoingtocollege!So,whatdoyouwanttostudy?W:Art.M:Art?Comeon,Joyce.Beserious.Ithinkyoushouldstudybusinesssoyoucangetagoodjob.Youareaverysmart,organizedyoungwoman.It’sperfectforyou.W:But,Dad...There’salotIcandowithanartdegree.Thebusinessworldisverycompetitive.M:Idon’tknow,Joyce...W:Comeon,Dad.I’moldenoughtomakemyowndecision.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whatisthewoman’sbusinessnow?A.Buildingboats. B.Sellingboats. C.Rentingoutboats.9.Howmanyboatswillthewomanhavenextyear?A.15. B.10. C.8.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’sbusiness?A.Itisn’tbusyinsummer.B.Itisgoingprettywellnow.C.Ithasbeenherdreamsincechildhood.【答案】8.C9.A10.B【原文】M:Helen,wasthisbusinessalwaysadreamofyours?W:No,notreally.Itdevelopedfromwhatweusedtodo—buildfishingboats.M:Howlonghaveyoubeeninthisbusiness?W:Abouteightyears.Firstwebuilttheboats,andthenweboughtboatstorentoutforholidays.It’sgoingwell.M:Howmanyboatsdoyouhave?W:Wehave10atpresent.Andwewillbuy5moreboatsnextyear.M:DuringthesummerIbetyou’reprettybusy.W:Yes,peopleusethemtogouptheriverfortheirholidaysandthenbringthembackhereforustoprepareforthenextcustomer.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.Whatjobwillthemantakefirst?A.Salesman. B.Managerassistant. C.Secretary.12.Whatdoesthemandislikeaboutthenewjob?A.Extraworkinghours. B.Frequenttravel. C.Lowpay.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Attendaclass. B.Gotoaninterview. C.Getanewcar.【答案】11.C12.B13.A【原文】W:Youlooklikeyou’reoverthemoon.Whathappened?M:Guesswhat!Thatjobinterviewwentwell.IreceivedanofferfromMercedes-Benz!W:Mercedes-Benz?Congratulations!ItsS-classismydreamcar.Tellmemore.Willyoubeasalesman?M:No.Iwillbeasecretaryfirst,andthenI’llmoveuptobeamanager’sassistantifIdobetternextyear.Idon’tmindworkingextrahours,butthehardestthingisthatthispositionwillrequirefrequenttravel.W:Doesitpaywell?M:No,notverywell,butIvaluetheexperiencefarmorethanthemoney,sinceI’mverynewtotheworkplace.Itwillbetiring,butIwillsurelylearnalot.W:Yes,you’reright.Nopain,nogain.M:Oh,lookatthetime!IhavetogettomybusinessEnglishclass.Youknow,Englishistheworkinglanguageinthecompany.W:You’rereallysomething.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.Whatisthemangoingtodotonight?A.Giveaspeech. B.Meethiseditor. C.Writeanarticle.15.Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Gototheoffice. B.Stayinthemeetingroom. C.Preparesomefoodathome.16.Howwillthemangohome?A.Bybus. B.Bytaxi. C.Bycar.17.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Acouple. B.Colleagues. C.Roommates.【答案】14.A15.C16.C17.A【原文】M:Ihavesuchabusyday.Idon’tknowwhenI’llbehome.Canyoupickupoursonfromschooltoday?W:Oh,youhavetospeakattheHighSchoolofScienceandTechnologytoday?M:Yes,that’llbefinishedbythreeo’clock.ButthenIhavetogototheofficeandgetmynotesreadyformyspeechattheComputerSociety’sannualdinnertonight.W:Well,atleastyourmagazinearticlehasalreadybeenwrittenandgiventoyoureditor.Itisduetoday,isn’tit?M:Yes,atleastthat’sdone.Infact,itshouldbepublishedsometimenextmonth.W:Doyouthinkyou’llbegiventimetoeattonightorwillyouhavetospendtheentireeveningansweringquestions?M:Imightbeaskedtospeakassoonaseveryonesitsdownfordinner.Inthatcase,IguessI’llhavenotimetoeat.W:Doyouhaveanyideawhattimeyou’llbefinished?M:No.W:Well,I’llhavesomethingforyoutoeat.Canyoucatchthelastbus?Ormaybeyoushouldtakeataxi.M:Don’tworry,dear.That’salreadybeentakencareof.TheComputerSocietyissendingacarforme.Itwillpickmeupattheofficeatsixandbringmehomeafterthemeeting.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Whattodotoprotectanimals.B.Whethertokeepanimalsinzoos.C.Howtoimprovezoos’environment.19.WhatdoexpertsofGroupAsuggest?A.Teachingpeoplemoreaboutwildanimals.B.Protectinganimalsinawell-designedarea.C.Leavinganimalsinthewildwithoutprotection.20.Whatisthespeaker?A.Ateacher. B.Ahost. C.Ascientist.【答案】18.B19.A20.A【原文】Arezoosnecessary,oraretheyonlybadtotheanimals?Thisisaquestionthatcausesdisagreementamongmanyanimalexperts.Some,wemayjustcallthemGroupA,believethatplacinganimalsinazoodoesharmtothem.Thesepeoplethinkthatallanimalsshouldbeprotectedfrombeinghuntedtoomuchandleftintheirnativeland.Theyalsoadvisepeopletobeeducatedtoknowmoreaboutanimalsinthewild.OtherexpertsofGroupBthinkdifferently.Theysaythatmodernzoosaredesignedverycloselytothenaturalenvironment.Oneoftheirstrongestargumentsisthatcertainspecies,suchasthepandafromChinaandthewhitetigerfromIndia,arenotonlyprotectedfromuncontrolledkillingbutcangivebabiesunderprotectionandinthatwaytheymaybesavedfromdyingout.OK,that’sallfrommeandyou’reexpectedtoexpressyouropinionsonthisquestionnextclass.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADespitebeingoneofthemostremoteplacesonEarth,gettingtoAntarcticaisn’tasdifficultasyoumightthink.Here,wewillshareeverythingyouneedtoknowfromhowtogettheretotipsforagreatexperience.HowtoGettoAntarcticaTakingaboatisthemostcommonandeconomicalwaytogettoAntarctica.Ifyoudon’tprefertotravelbywater,youcanflyintoAntarcticafromPuntaArenasinChile,whichtakesonlytwohours.FlightsusuallyonlyoperatefromDecembertoFebruary.Sincetherearenocommercialflightsavailable,youneedtobookyourflighttogetherwithyourcruiseship(大型游輪).It’salsopossibletoflyfromCapeTown,SouthAfrica,injust5hours.TheBestThingstoDoinAntarcticaThereare17differenttypesofpenguinsinAntarctica,whichyoucanseeonthemaincontinentandtheFalklandIslands.MarchandAprilarepeakwhale-watchingmonthsoffthecoastofAntarctica.Duringthistime,youcanspotvariouskindsofwhales.ParticularhotspotsincludeWilhelminaBayandtheLemaireChannel.ExploringthelandofAntarcticaonfootisauniquewaytoexperienceitsicylandscape.DeceptionIslandandOrneHarboraregreatplacesforhiking,whilethesnow-coveredAntarcticPeninsulaisapopulardestinationforsnowshoeing.TipsforVisitingAntarcticaFirst,staywithintheluggagelimits.Next,checkyouritinerary(行程)tomakesureyouseeeverythingonyourwishlist.It’salsowisetobookaheadoftime,ascruisescanselloutduetotheextremelyshorttravelseason.21.WhatcanwelearnaboutflightstoAntarctica?A.Theytakeonlyonehour. B.Theycanbebookedseparately.C.Theyareavailablealltheyearround. D.TheystartfromPuntaArenasorCapeTown.22.Whichofthefollowingisagoodlocationforwhale-watching?A.TheFalklandIslands. B.WilhelminaBay. C.DeceptionIsland. D.OrneHarbor.23.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.ToadvertiseboattripstoAntarctica.B.TorecommendwaystogettoAntarctica.C.TointroducetheuniquesceneryofAntarctica.D.ToinformreadersofthingsaboutvisitingAntarctica.【答案】21.D22.B23.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一些去南極洲參觀的注意事項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Ifyoudon’tprefertotravelbywater,youcanflyintoAntarcticafromPuntaArenasinChile,whichtakesonlytwohours.FlightsusuallyonlyoperatefromDecembertoFebruary.Sincetherearenocommercialflightsavailable,youneedtobookyourflighttogetherwithyourcruiseship(大型游輪).It’salsopossibletoflyfromCapeTown,SouthAfrica,injust5hours.(如果你不喜歡乘船旅行，你可以從智利的蓬塔阿雷納斯飛到南極洲，只需要兩個(gè)小時(shí)。航班通常只在12月到次年2月間運(yùn)行。由于沒(méi)有商業(yè)航班，你需要和你的游輪一起預(yù)訂航班。從南非開普敦飛到這里也只需要5個(gè)小時(shí))”可知，飛往南極洲的航班從蓬塔阿雷納斯（PuntaArenas）或開普敦（CapeTown）出發(fā)。故選D?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“ParticularhotspotsincludeWilhelminaBayandtheLemaireChannel.(特別的熱點(diǎn)包括威廉敏娜灣和勒梅爾海峽)”可知，威廉敏娜灣（WilhelminaBay）是觀鯨的好地點(diǎn)。故選B?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“DespitebeingoneofthemostremoteplacesonEarth,gettingtoAntarcticaisn’tasdifficultasyoumightthink.Here,wewillshareeverythingyouneedtoknowfromhowtogettheretotipsforagreatexperience.(盡管南極洲是地球上最偏遠(yuǎn)的地方之一，但到達(dá)南極洲并不像你想象的那么困難。在這里，我們將分享你需要知道的一切，從如何到達(dá)那里到獲得美好體驗(yàn)的提示)”以及文章主要介紹了一些去南極洲參觀的注意事項(xiàng)?？芍?，這篇文章的目的是告訴讀者有關(guān)參觀南極洲的事情。故選D。BInthecityofDhaka,AzharulIslamKhanisdevelopingagrowingcommunityofplantenthusiasts,onevideoatatime.Withadegreeinbotanyanda27-year-longcareerinthepharmaceutical(制藥的)industry,54-year-oldAzharulhasalwayshadanenthusiasmforplants.Morecrucially,hebelievesthatanyonecanlearntoidentifyplants,regardlessofacademicbackground.ThisbeliefdrovehimtosharehisplantknowledgethroughshortengagingvideosonFacebookandYouTube.Somevideosweresopopularthattheyreceivedover10millionviewswithin24hours,provinghisapproachresonates(引起共鳴)intoday’sfast-pacedworld.“Peoplewon’twatch40-minutelectures,”heexplains,“butthey’lllearnfromshortvideos.”Azharul’svideoscoverawiderangeoftopics,frommedicinalplantslikekukurchitatonon-nativespeciessuchastheSingaporedaisyandthe“majesticheavenlotus”.Hisvideosarealsoknownfortheircreativevideotitles,whichexcitecuriosityandattractviewers:“Theplantwhosethornswereusedtomakestamps,”and“Coduraleafusedtocleanfish.”SincelaunchinghisFacebookchannelayearago,Azharulhasattractedaroundamillionfollowers,includingplantenthusiastsandstudents.Centraltohisteachingsishighlightingecosystembalance—heencourageschildrentoplanttreesduringrainyseasonsandlearnhowplantscontributetotheenvironmentalbalance.Nownicknamedbrikkhobondhu(“plantfriend”inBangla),Azharulstates:“Ifmyworkencouragessomeonetotakeaninterestinplantingtreesorrevealsnewfactsaboutthem,thenI’veaccomplishedmymission.”Azharulsayshisjourneyisjustbeginning.Helefthisjobanddevotedallhistimetospreadingwordonline.“Plantidentificationisn’tmyprofession—it’smypassion(熱情),”hedeclares.Hisloveforplantsandhisdesiretosharehisknowledgewiththeworldwillcontinuetogrow,inspiringotherstoappreciatethebeautyandimportanceofthenaturalworld.24.WhyareAzharul’svideospopularamongbusyviewers?A.Theyarequickandeducational. B.Theyarelongandimaginative.C.Theyareformalandtypical. D.Theyareexcitingandentertaining.25.Whatisparagraph3mainlyaboutconcerningAzharul’svideos?A.Theirfeatures. B.Theirfunctions. C.Theirsignificance. D.Theirorigins.26.WhatdoesAzharulemphasizeinhisvideos?A.Creatingengagingshortlessons. B.Conductingscientificresearch.C.Preservingglobalplantdiversity. D.Payingattentiontoecologicalbalance.27.Whatmessagedoesthispassageconvey?A.Educationensuresgoodlife. B.Passionmaydrivepeopletoinspireothers.C.Digitalmediaaregainingpopularity. D.Communityspiritboostssustainability.【答案】24.A25.A26.D27.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了54歲的阿扎魯爾通過(guò)短視頻來(lái)教人們識(shí)別植物，以及教導(dǎo)人們重視生態(tài)平衡?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThisbeliefdrovehimtosharehisplantknowledgethroughshortengagingvideosonFacebookandYouTube.Somevideosweresopopularthattheyreceivedover10millionviewswithin24hours,provinghisapproachresonates(引起共鳴)intoday’sfast-pacedworld.“Peoplewon’twatch40-minutelectures,”heexplains,“butthey’lllearnfromshortvideos.”(這種信念驅(qū)使他在Facebook和YouTube上通過(guò)引人入勝的短視頻分享他的植物知識(shí)。一些視頻非常受歡迎，在24小時(shí)內(nèi)獲得了超過(guò)1000萬(wàn)的觀看量，這證明了他的方法在當(dāng)今快節(jié)奏的世界中引起了共鳴?！叭藗儾粫?huì)看40分鐘的講座，”他解釋說(shuō)，“但他們會(huì)從短視頻中學(xué)習(xí)?！?”可知，阿扎魯?shù)囊曨l在忙碌的觀眾中很受歡迎因?yàn)樗鼈兒芸?，而且很有教育意義。故選A?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Azharul’svideoscoverawiderangeoftopics,frommedicinalplantslikekukurchitatonon-nativespeciessuchastheSingaporedaisyandthe“majesticheavenlotus”.Hisvideosarealsoknownfortheircreativevideotitles,whichexcitecuriosityandattractviewers:“Theplantwhosethornswereusedtomakestamps,”and“Coduraleafusedtocleanfish.”(Azharul的視頻涵蓋了廣泛的主題，從像kukurchita這樣的藥用植物到像新加坡雛菊和“雄偉的天蓮”這樣的非本地物種。他的視頻還以創(chuàng)意十足的視頻標(biāo)題而聞名，這些標(biāo)題激發(fā)了觀眾的好奇心，吸引了觀眾：“刺被用來(lái)制作郵票的植物”，“用來(lái)清潔魚的科杜拉葉子?！?”可知，第三段主要講了視頻的特征。故選A?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Centraltohisteachingsishighlightingecosystembalance—heencourageschildrentoplanttreesduringrainyseasonsandlearnhowplantscontributetotheenvironmentalbalance.(他教導(dǎo)的核心是強(qiáng)調(diào)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡——他鼓勵(lì)孩子們?cè)谟昙局矘?，并學(xué)習(xí)植物如何促進(jìn)環(huán)境平衡。)”可知，阿扎魯在他的視頻中強(qiáng)調(diào)了注重生態(tài)平衡。故選D?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Withadegreeinbotanyanda27-year-longcareerinthepharmaceutical(制藥的)industry,54-year-oldAzharulhasalwayshadanenthusiasmforplants.Morecrucially,hebelievesthatanyonecanlearntoidentifyplants,regardlessofacademicbackground.ThisbeliefdrovehimtosharehisplantknowledgethroughshortengagingvideosonFacebookandYouTube.(現(xiàn)年54歲的阿扎魯爾擁有植物學(xué)學(xué)位，在制藥行業(yè)工作了27年，一直對(duì)植物充滿熱情。更重要的是，他相信任何人都可以學(xué)會(huì)識(shí)別植物，無(wú)論學(xué)術(shù)背景如何。這種信念驅(qū)使他在Facebook和YouTube上通過(guò)引人入勝的短視頻分享他的植物知識(shí))”以及最后一段“Hisloveforplantsandhisdesiretosharehisknowledgewiththeworldwillcontinuetogrow,inspiringotherstoappreciatethebeautyandimportanceofthenaturalworld.(他對(duì)植物的熱愛(ài)和與世界分享知識(shí)的愿望將繼續(xù)增長(zhǎng)，激勵(lì)其他人欣賞自然世界的美麗和重要性。)”可知，文章表達(dá)了激情可以驅(qū)使人們?nèi)ゼ?lì)他人。故選B。CJournalingsoundssoromanticintheory.Yousitatadesk,grabafavoritepen,andfillanotebookwithrichthoughtsandideas.Allinbeautifulhandwriting,ofcourse.It’sacutementalpicture,butit’salsoprobablywhyyouneverdoit.Thepressuretobeperfectwhilejournalingisrealandit’softenwhatputspeopleoffthepractice.Whileit’sexcitingtobuynotebooksanddiaries,it’stoughtoactuallystartwritinginthem,anditexplainswhysomanyaregettingintoscribblejournaling—atrendwithmillionsofpostsonTikTok.Withscribblejournaling,theideaistowriteasfast,thoughtless,andillegible(不可識(shí)別的)asyoulike.Thegoalisn’ttobeabletoreadwhatyouwrotebuttoallowyourpentokeepupwithyourthoughts.Inavideo,creator@oakandbeesaidthisstyleofwritinghascompletelychangedtheirapproachtojournaling.“Iliterallyjustconnectallthewordstogetherandscribbleitdown,”theysaid.“I’mnotcrossinganyTsorXs.I’mnotdottinganyIs.AndI’mnotusinganypunctuation(標(biāo)點(diǎn)).Thewordsareallconnected.”Asforthebenefitsofscribblejournaling,accordingtoDr.CarolineFenkel,achiefclinicalofficeratCharlieHealth,itgivesprioritytoexpressionoverlogicalconnection,similartoastreamofconsciousness(意識(shí)).“Scribblejournalingremovesthepressureofbeingformal,”sheadds,“It’sagreatwaytoavoidoverthinking.”Theactofwritingbyhandalsoplaysarole.“Itengagesthebraindifferentlythantyping,activating(激活)physicalskillsandemotionalprocessing,”shesays.Thistechniquereleasesstressfromyournervoussystemasyouputitallontopaper.“Theactofwritingwithoutstructurecanhelpexpressemotionsquicklyandprovideasenseofrelief,”saysFenkel.Ifscribblejournalinghelps,remindyourselfthatthisisn’tajournalforstoringimportantorsweetmemories.Thatcanhappeninanothernotebookorajunkjournal.Allowthisonetobepurelyaboutscribbles—aplacewhereyoucanletitallout.28.Whydopeoplegetintoscribblejournaling?A.Thelackofinterestinjournaling. B.ThetrendofjournalingonTikTok.C.Thestresstopursueperfectioninjournaling. D.Thethrilltopurchasenotebooksanddiaries.29.Whyiscreator@oakandbee’scommentmentionedinparagraph4?A.Topredictthetrendofwritingjournals. B.Tohighlighttheimportanceofjournaling.C.Topresentthefeatureofscribblejournaling. D.Toindicatethelifestyleofyoungpeople.30.WhatcanwelearnaboutscribblejournalingaccordingtoFenkel?A.Itfacilitatesemotionalrelease. B.Itpostponesemotionalrelief.C.Itinvolvesstructuredwriting. D.Itenhancesthelogicofexpression.31.Whatisthebesttitlepassageofthearticle?A.ScribbleJournalingtoReleaseEnergy B.ScribbleJournalingtoRelieveStressC.ScribbleJournalingtoRecallKnowledge D.ScribbleJournalingtoRestoreConfidence【答案】28.C29.C30.A31.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了因?yàn)樽非笕沼浲昝赖膲毫?dǎo)致人們放棄了寫日記。而涂鴉日記可以隨心所欲地快速、不經(jīng)思考、不清晰地書寫，有助于緩解壓力?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thepressuretobeperfectwhilejournalingisrealandit’softenwhatputspeopleoffthepractice.Whileit’sexcitingtobuynotebooksanddiaries,it’stoughtoactuallystartwritinginthem,anditexplainswhysomanyaregettingintoscribblejournaling—atrendwithmillionsofpostsonTikTok.(寫日記時(shí)要求完美的壓力是真實(shí)存在的，這往往是人們放棄寫日記的原因。雖然購(gòu)買筆記本和日記很令人興奮，但很難真正開始用它們寫作，這也解釋了為什么這么多人開始寫涂鴉日記——這是TikTok上數(shù)百萬(wàn)條帖子的趨勢(shì))”可知，人們開始寫涂鴉日記是處于追求日記完美的壓力。故選C。【29題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Inavideo,creator@oakandbeesaidthisstyleofwritinghascompletelychangedtheirapproachtojournaling.“Iliterallyjustconnectallthewordstogetherandscribbleitdown,”theysaid.“I’mnotcrossinganyTsorXs.I’mnotdottinganyIs.AndI’mnotusinganypunctuation(標(biāo)點(diǎn)).Thewordsareallconnected.”(在一段視頻中，creator@oakandbee表示，這種寫作風(fēng)格完全改變了他們寫日記的方式?！拔抑皇前阉械膯卧~連在一起，然后草草地寫下來(lái)，”他們說(shuō)?！拔覜](méi)有越過(guò)任何T或X。我沒(méi)有點(diǎn)I。我沒(méi)有使用任何標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。這些詞都是相連的。”)”可知，通過(guò)具體例子說(shuō)明涂鴉日記的核心特點(diǎn)——無(wú)格式、快速書寫，第4段提到了creator@oakandbee的評(píng)論是為了呈現(xiàn)涂鴉日記的特點(diǎn)。故選C?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thistechniquereleasesstressfromyournervoussystemasyouputitallontopaper.(當(dāng)你把這些都寫在紙上時(shí)，這種方法可以釋放你神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的壓力)”可知，涂鴉日記有助于情緒釋放。故選A?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ifscribblejournalinghelps,remindyourselfthatthisisn’tajournalforstoringimportantorsweetmemories.Thatcanhappeninanothernotebookorajunkjournal.Allowthisonetobepurelyaboutscribbles—aplacewhereyoucanletitallout.(如果涂鴉日記有幫助，提醒自己這不是用來(lái)記錄重要或甜蜜記憶的日記。這可以發(fā)生在另一個(gè)筆記本或垃圾日志中。允許這個(gè)地方純粹是關(guān)于涂鴉的——一個(gè)你可以盡情宣泄的地方)”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了因?yàn)樽非笕沼浲昝赖膲毫?dǎo)致人們放棄了寫日記。而涂鴉日記可以隨心所欲地快速、不經(jīng)思考、不清晰地書寫，有助于緩解壓力?？芍?，B選項(xiàng)“寫涂鴉日記來(lái)緩解壓力”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。DLargelanguagemodels(LLMs)workwellbecausethey’resolarge.Butthispowercomesatacost.Trainingamodelwithhundredsofbillionsofparameters(參數(shù))takeshugecomputationalresources.Asinglequery(查詢)toChatGPTconsumesabout10timesasmuchenergyasasingleGooglesearch.Inresponse,someresearchersarenowshiftingtosmalllanguagemodels(SLMs).IBM,Google,MicrosoftandOpenAIhaveallrecentlyreleasedsmalllanguagemodels(SLMs)thatuseonlyafewbillionparameters.Smallmodelsarenotusedasgeneral-purposetoolsliketheirlargercousins.Buttheycandowellinspecific,narrowlydefinedtasks,suchassummarizingconversations,answeringpatientquestionsasahealthcarechatbotandgatheringdatainsmartdevices.“Formanytasks,an8billionparametermodelisactuallyprettygood,”saidZicoKolter,acomputerscientistatCarnegieMellonUniversity.Theycanalsorunonalaptoporcellphone,insteadofahugedatacenter.LargemodelsoftenextractrawtrainingdatafromtheInternet,andthisdatacanbedisorganized,messyandhardtoprocess.Buttheselargemodelscanthengenerateahigh-qualitydatasetthatcanbeusedtotrainasmallmodel.Theapproachadoptedbytheresearchersgetsthelargermodeltoeffectivelypassonitstraining,likeateachergivinglessonstoastudent.“ThereasonwhySLMsachieveexcellentperformanceisthattheyusethosedatainsteadofthemessystuff,”Koltersaid.Researchershavealsoexploredwaystocreatesmallmodelsbystartingwithlargeonesandtrimmingthemdown.Onemethod,knownaspruning,wasinspiredbyareal-lifeneural(神經(jīng)的)network—thehumanbrain,whichgainsefficiency.Pruningcanhelpresearchersfine-tuneasmalllanguagemodelforaparticulartaskorenvironment.Smallermodelsofferaninexpensivewaytotestnovelideas.Fewerparametersmayincreasetheirtransparentreasoning.“Smallmodelsallowresearcherstoexperimentwithlowerrisks.”saidLeshemChoshen,anMIT-IBMWatsonAILabscientist.32.WhatadvantagedoesSLMshaveoverLLMsaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Consuminglessenergy. B.Servingmorepurposes.C.Takinghugerresources. D.Usingmoreparameters.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inparagraph3referto?A.Largemodels. B.Smartdevices.C.Smallmodels. D.Hugecomputationalresources.34.WhatmakesSLMsperformwellaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Messyrawdata. B.High-qualitydata.C.Basictraining. D.Effectivecommunication.35.WhatisLeshemChoshen’sattitudetowardsSLMs?A.Indifferent. B.Cautious. C.Favourable. D.Critical.【答案】32.A33.C34.B35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了大語(yǔ)言模型（LLMs）雖功能強(qiáng)大但訓(xùn)練需巨大計(jì)算資源且能耗高，促使一些研究人員轉(zhuǎn)向小語(yǔ)言模型（SLMs）?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Asinglequery(查詢)toChatGPTconsumesabout10timesasmuchenergyasasingleGooglesearch.(對(duì)ChatGPT的一次查詢所消耗的能量大約是一次谷歌搜索的10倍)”以及第二段“Inresponse,someresearchersarenowshiftingtosmalllanguagemodels(SLMs).(作為回應(yīng)，一些研究人員現(xiàn)在正轉(zhuǎn)向小語(yǔ)言模型（SLMs）)”可知，大語(yǔ)言模型能耗高，而研究人員因能耗問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)向小語(yǔ)言模型，說(shuō)明小語(yǔ)言模型能耗更低。故選A?！?3題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“Smallmodelsarenotusedasgeneral-purposetoolsliketheirlargercousins.Buttheycandowellinspecific,narrowlydefinedtasks,suchassummarizingconversations,answeringpatientquestionsasahealthcarechatbotandgatheringdatainsmartdevices.“Formanytasks,an8billionparametermodelisactuallyprettygood,”saidZicoKolter,acomputerscientistatCarnegieMellonUniversity.Theycanalsorunonalaptoporcellphone,insteadofahugedatacenter.(小模型不像它們的大模型同類那樣被用作通用工具。但它們可以在特定的、定義狹窄的任務(wù)中表現(xiàn)出色，比如總結(jié)對(duì)話、作為醫(yī)療保健聊天機(jī)器人回答患者問(wèn)題以及在智能設(shè)備中收集數(shù)據(jù)?？▋?nèi)基梅隆大學(xué)的計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家齊科?科爾特說(shuō)：“對(duì)于許多任務(wù)來(lái)說(shuō)，一個(gè)80億參數(shù)的模型實(shí)際上相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)?！彼鼈円部梢栽诠P記本電腦或手機(jī)上運(yùn)行，而不是在一個(gè)巨大的數(shù)據(jù)中心運(yùn)行。)”可知，前文一直圍繞小模型的特點(diǎn)展開敘述，這里說(shuō)“They”能在筆記本電腦或手機(jī)上運(yùn)行，所以“They”指代的是小模型。故選C?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“LargemodelsoftenextractrawtrainingdatafromtheInternet,andthisdatacanbedisorganized,messyandhardtoprocess.Buttheselargemodelscanthengenerateahigh-qualitydatasetthatcanbeusedtotrainasmallmodel.Theapproachadoptedbytheresearchersgetsthelargermodeltoeffectivelypassonitstraining,likeateachergivinglessonstoastudent.“ThereasonwhySLMsachieveexcellentperformanceisthattheyusethosedatainsteadofthemessystuff,”Koltersaid.(大模型通常從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上提取原始訓(xùn)練數(shù)據(jù)，而這些數(shù)據(jù)可能是雜亂無(wú)章、難以處理的。但這些大模型隨后可以生成一個(gè)高質(zhì)量的數(shù)據(jù)集，可用于訓(xùn)練小模型。研究人員采用的方法讓大模型有效地傳遞其訓(xùn)練成果，就像老師給學(xué)生上課一樣?？茽柼卣f(shuō)：“小語(yǔ)言模型取得優(yōu)異性能的原因是它們使用的是那些數(shù)據(jù)，而不是那些雜亂的數(shù)據(jù)”)”可知，小語(yǔ)言模型表現(xiàn)好是因?yàn)槭褂昧舜竽Ｐ蜕傻母哔|(zhì)量數(shù)據(jù)。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Smallermodelsofferaninexpensivewaytotestnovelideas.Fewerparametersmayincreasetheirtransparentreasoning.“Smallmodelsallowresearcherstoexperimentwithlowerrisks.”saidLeshemChoshen,anMIT-IBMWatsonAILabscientist.(更小的模型提供了一種低成本的方式來(lái)測(cè)試新想法。更少的參數(shù)可能會(huì)增加它們推理的透明度。麻省理工學(xué)院-IBM沃森人工智能實(shí)驗(yàn)室的科學(xué)家萊舍姆?喬申說(shuō)：“小模型讓研究人員能夠以更低的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)”)”可知，萊舍姆?喬申認(rèn)為小模型具有成本低、推理透明度高、實(shí)驗(yàn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，所以他對(duì)小語(yǔ)言模型持支持的態(tài)度。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Anindividual’sgoalsareverypersonal.Duetothenatureofsuchgoals,peoplehaveatendencytokeeptheirgoalsandvisionstothemselves.___36___Sharingyourgoalsinlifewithothersisanimportantsuccessprinciple.Haveyoueverwonderedwhyweightlossappsencourageindividualstoconnectwithotherusers,toposttheirweightlossgoals,andtheirsuccesses?Studiesshowthatmenandwomenwhopubliclysharedtheirweightlossgoalslostmoreweightthanthosewhodidn’t.___37___Thetruthisthatyourchanceofactuallyachievingyourgoalsisgreatlyincreasedwhenyoushareitwithothersforthefollowingreasons:1.YouGainClarityYougainmoreclarityaboutyourgoalandhowtoachieveit.___38___Perhapsyouknewyoualwayswantedtoapplytoculinary(烹飪的)school,butyourfriendisabletohelpyoutargetonwhichspecialtyisbestsuitedforyou.2.YouReceiveAccountability(責(zé)任)___39___Maybeyourgoalwaswritteninadiaryforoverayear,orevenlonger.Sharingyourgoalwithafriendorfamilymembermakesthegoalnolongerjustanoteinajournal.Now,otherscanholdyouaccountablebyaskingyouabouttheprogressyou’vemadetowardsreachingyourgoal.Ifyouwanttobeabletopositivelyrespondtothosequestions,you’llquicklybemotivatedtotakeactionandstayontrack.Nogoalcaneverbemetwithoutself-motivationonyourpart,butunfortunately,motivationdoesnotalwayscomeinabundance(大量).___40___Butduringthemostdifficultpartsofthejourney,weneedexternalsupportandmotivation.A.Speakingitmakesitreal.B.Thatwaswhytheylostmorew