高三年級五月英語每周好題甄選（第4周）

五月英語每周好題精選（第4周）一、About300yearsago,sometravelersalongtheUpperandMiddleOrinocoRiverfirstreportedsightingsofmysteriousrockengravings(版畫),describingsnakesandotherpatterns,alongitsshores.Butasyearspassed,theseartworkswererecordedonlyinoraltraditionsandlocals'wordofmouth.Thepreciselocationandproofoftheirexistenceremainedabsent.Itwasn'tuntil2015thatateamofarchaeologistsfirstarrivedintheregionwiththegoalofsearchingforcluesoftheartworks.Afteryearsofstudy,scientistsfoundevenmorethantheyhadanticipated.Theteamvisited157sitesthathadrockart,13ofwhichhadengravingsmorethanadozenfeettall.Agreatvarietyoffiguresaredescribed,includinginsects,birds,humansandotheranimals.Inall,60individualengravingsexceeded30-footdimensions,includingacentipede(蜈蚣)andtwofigures."Anythingthatsizeismonumentalinourview,"PhilipRiris,thestudy'sleadauthor,says."Thatmeansthey'reoftenvisiblefromquitefaraway,maybe500meterstoakilometer."Butnocreaturewasmorecommonintherockfacesthansnakes,ofwhichtheteamfounddozens.Interestingly,theteamfoundthatallofthesnakesfacedtheriverandwereengravedwhereitswaterlinewouldhavebeentwothousandyearsago.Theengravingswouldhavebeenvisiblefromhigherground,andcertainlybythoseinincomingboats,leadingtheteamtoassumethattheywereusedasterritorialmarkers,boundaries,andlandmarks.Theteamunearthedpottery(陶器)fromtheecosystem.Ithadsimilarmarkingstothoseinrockanddatesbackabout2,000years.Theteamestimatestheengravingsareaboutthesameageandsome10,000ancientrockengravingsexistwithina1,000square-mileareaalongtheriver."Thegiantsnakeengravingsstudiedinthepaperaresomeofthelargestsinglerockartimagesanywhereintheworldandmainlycomefromtheheartofalowlandtropicalenvironment,"PatrickRoberts,anarchaeologistattheMaxPlanckInstitutesays.1.Whydidthearchaeologistsgototheregionin2015?A.Tomaptheriver'swaterline.B.Tostudythelocaloraltraditions.C.Tofindevidenceoftherockengravings.D.Toexplorethebiodiversityoftheregion.2.Howisparagraph2mainlydeveloped?A.Bylistingdata.B.Byquotingdocuments.C.Bymakingassumptions.D.Bydrawingcomparisons.3.Whatcouldthesnakeengravingshavemainlyfunctionedas?A.Donation. B.Admiration. C.Decoration. D.Indication.4.WhatdoesPatrickRobertsmentionaboutthegiantsnakeengravings?A.Theirdistribution.B.Theircomponents.C.Theirsymbolicmeanings.D.Theirimpactontheenvironment.二、Today'svirtualrealitygamesandcontentcanbeabsorbing,butthey.largelymissthemarkwhenitcomestohaptic(觸覺的)feedback.Wouldn'titbecooltojustfeelanobjectandperceivethesensationofrunningyourhandoverrichfabricinVR?That'swhatresearchersatNorthwesternUniversityinIllinoisarehopingtoachievewiththeirnewwearable,atinylightweightdevicethatcangofarbeyondsimplyvibrating(震動)againstyourskintodeliverricherhapticsusingmoreadvancedtech."Allexistinghapticdevicesreallyjuststickattheskin,"saidJohnRogers,theprofessorleadingthedesign."Buthumanskinisreceptivetomuchmorecomplicatedsensesoftouch.That'swhywecreatedadevicethatcouldapplyforcestotheskininanydirection-notjuststickingbutpushing,slidingandstretching.Withit,wecanfinelycontrolthecomplexsensationoftouchinafullyprogrammableway."Poweredbyarechargeablebattery,thedeviceusesBluetoothtoconnectwirelesslywithvirtualrealityheadsetsandsmartphones.Itssmallsizeandenergyefficiencyallowittobewornanywhereonthebodyoraddedtoexistingwearabletech.Dependingonwherethehapticismounted-say,onthebackofyourhandoronafingertip-theonboarddevicedeliversinformationaboutwhetheryou'removingquicklyorslowly,andinwhichdirection.Thatmakesformore.realisticmotiontracking.IthelpsthesensoryfeedbackcomponentofVRexperiencescatchuptotherealisticvideowe'vecometoexpectwhenwearingaheadset.Beyondenablingmoreengagingexperiences,Rogersnotestheycanalsoassistwithothernovelapplications."Ifyourunyourfingeralongapieceofsilk,itwillslidefasterthanwhentouchingcottonfabric,"hesaid."Youcanimagineshopping.forclothesonlineandfeelingthematerial."Inanothertrial,theychangedthesoundofmusicintophysicaltouch,soausercoulddifferentiatebetweentonesandinstrumentsbythedirectionofvibrationstheywerefeelingfromthewearable.Thistechcouldalsohelpvisuallydisabledpeoplefindtheirway.Theirdevicerepresentsatransformativeforceacrossindustries,unlockingvastcommercialpotentials.1.WhatisthemainproblemwithcurrentVRhapticdevices?A.Theyaretooheavytowearcomfortably.B.TheyonlyoffersimplevibrationfeedbackC.Theyfailtoconnectwirelesslywithheadsets.D.Theycan'tfollowmotiondirectionaccurately.2.Onwhatbasiswasthedevicedeveloped?A.Skin'sbarrierfunction.B.Demandforinteractivewearables.C.AdvancedAItechnology.D.Skin'ssensitivitytoexternalforces.3.HowdoesthedeviceenhanceVRexperiences?A.Byimprovingvideoresolution.B.Byadjustingvibrationintensity.C.Byemployingmorevividsoundeffects.D.Bymatchingrichertouchsensationswithvisuals.4.Whatwilltheauthormostprobablydiscussnextconcerningthedevice?A.Innovativeuses.B.Marketprospects.C.Experimentalprocesses.D.Designmotivations.三、Inthevastexpanseofspace,anewandgrowingproblemisemerging-spacedebris,alsoknownasspacejunk.Overthepastfewdecades,asspaceexplorationandsatellitedeploymenthaveincreasedmoreandmore,theamountofdebrisorbitingtheEarthhasreachedastonishinglevels.Thisdebrisconsistsofdefunct

satellites,spentrocketstages,andfragmentsfromcollisions(碰撞),allrushingthroughspaceatextremelyhighspeeds.Thepresenceofspacedebrisposesaseriousthreattooperationalsatellitesandfuturespacemissions.Evenasmallpieceofdebris,travelingatorbitalspeedsofupto17,500milesperhour,cancausecatastrophicdamagetoasatelliteuponimpact.Theriskofcollisionsisfurthercomplicatedbythefactthattrackingandpredictingthetrajectories(軌道)ofthesedebrispiecesaccuratelyisextremelychallengingduetotheirlargenumbersandconstantlychangingorbits.Toaddressthisissue,scientistsandengineersaroundtheworldareexploringvariousinnovativesolutionsforspacedebrisremoval.Onesuchapproachistheuseofroboticspacecraftequippedwithadvancedcapturemechanisms.Thesespacecraftcouldbesenttostopandcapturedebris,eitherbringingthembacktoEarthtoburnupintheatmosphereorde-orbitingthemsafelytoagraveyardorbitawayfromthemainorbitalpaths.Anotherpromisingconceptistheuseoflaser-basedsystems.High-powerlasersonEarthorinspacecouldbeusedtopushdebrisintosaferorbitsorvaporizesmallerpieces.However,implementingthesesolutionsisnotwithoutitsdifficulties.Thehighcostofdevelopingandlaunchingdebris-removalspacecraft,aswellasthecomplexlegalandinternationalcooperationissuessurroundingspacedebrismanagement,aresignificantbarriers.Additionally,thereareconcernsaboutthepotentialforcreatingmoredebrisduringthedebris-removalprocessitself.Despitethesechallenges,theneedtocleanupspacedebrisisbecomingincreasinglyurgent.Asmorecountriesandprivatecompaniesplantolaunchsatellitesforvariousapplications,includingcommunication,Earthobservation,andscientificresearch,theriskofcollisionsandthedegradationofthespaceenvironmentwillonlyincreaseifthedebrisproblemisnotaddressedimmediately.1.Theunderlinedword"defunct"inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans________.A.newly-launched B.functioning C.inactive D.highly-advanced2.Whyisspacedebrisaseriousthreattosatellites?A.Itmovesveryfastandcancausegreatdamage.B.Itisdifficulttotrackandpredictitstrajectory.C.Itisconstantlyincreasinginlargenumbers.D.Itcandisturbthecommunicationofsatellites.3.Whatarethedifficultiesinimplementingspacedebrisremovalsolutions?A.Thelackofadvancedtechnologyandtheunwillingnessofcountriestocooperate.B.Thehighcost,complexlegalissues,andpotentialforcreatingmoredebris.C.Theinefficiencyofcurrentdebris-removalmethodsandtheshortageoffunds.D.Thelargesizeofspacedebrisandthedifficultyinstoppingandcapturingit.4.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Spacedebrisisanewprobleminspaceexploration.B.Scientistshavealreadyfoundeffectivewaystoremovespacedebris.C.Spacedebrisposesathreatandeffortstoremoveitfacechallenges.D.Theamountofspacedebrisisincreasingrapidly.四、Withoutenablingyourbodytorecover,theeffortsyoumakeinthegymamounttonothing.Thatonehouryouspendliftingweightsisofgreatnecessitytobuildmuscles.

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Allworkoutsstressandkindofdamagemuscletissue.It'sduringthetimeawayfromtheweights,knownasworkoutrecoveryperiod,thatitactuallygrows.workouts.

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Repeatedagainandagain,thisprocessofstressandrecoveryiswhatresultsinyourimprovedhealthandfitness.Herearesomestrategies.Ifyou'reexperiencingburnoutfromstrengthtraining,thesimplestwayisatotalbreakofexercise.

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Youcanalsoengageinalower-intensitybikerideorwalkforyourbodytocirculate(循環(huán))thewasteproductsgeneratedbytheintenseactivity.Ortryagentleyogapracticetostretchouttiredmuscles.Softtissuetreatmentsworkespeciallyeffectively.

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Itinvolvesusingcupsontheskin,creatingavacuum(真空)byheatinganddrawingtheunderlyingtissuesupward.Thistechniquecanenhancebloodflowandbringmoreoxygenandnutrientstothetissues.⑤

Awhole-foods-baseddietprovidesyourbodywiththebuildingblocksneededtorepairmusclesandpromoterecovery,settingofftherightchangesinyourbodybetweenworkouts.Plus,sleepisamustasitmakesthebodyproducethemajorityofitsgrowthfactors.Avoidscreentimeandalcoholbeforebedtohelpensurequalitysleep.A.Don'tskipnutritionalrecovery.B.Itkeepsyousafeandinjury-free.C.Justlieonthebedandkickupyourfeet.D.Theother23arejustasessential,though.E.Therightwayofexercisingmakesadifference.F.Youcan'tattachtoomuchimportancetoyourfigure.G.AnancientChinesepracticeiswell:worthamention.五、Discoveringyourlifepurposecanbeachallengingjourney,buttherearestrategiestoclarifyyourpathandfindwhattrulymatters.Setmeaningfulgoals.Startbyidentifyingyourcorevaluesandsettinggoalsthatalign(使一致)withthem.①

Forinstance,ifyouvaluekindness,youmightaimtovolunteerregularly.Ifyoucareabouttheenvironment,youcouldstartbyrecyclingathomeandgraduallytakeonbiggerprojects.Addressyourfears.②

It'simportanttorecognizeyourfearsandquestiontheirvalidity.Aretheybasedonreality,oraretheyjustholdingyouback?Considerdiscussingyourfearswithatrustedfriendwhocanofferdifferentviewpointsandhelpyoufindwaystoovercomethem.③

Yourinterestscanprovidecluesaboutyourlifepurpose.Ifyou'reunsurewhatyourinterestsare,askfriendsorfamilyfortheirinsights.Youmightalreadybeengaginginactivitiesthatreflectyourlikeswithoutrealizingit.Thinkaboutwhatyouenjoyandwhatyou'regoodat,andconsiderhowthesecanbeincorporatedintoyourlife.Startsmalltogainsteadyprogress.Findingyourpurposecanfeeloverwhelming,soit'simportanttostartwithsmallmanageablesteps.Ifyou'reconsideringacareerchange,forexample,beginbyresearchingthefieldratherthanmakingimmediatechanges,④

Buildyourcommunity.Connectingwithotherswhoshareyourinterestsinacommunitycanenhanceyoursenseofpurpose.⑤

Engagingwithlike-mindedindividualscanalsoinspireyoutostaycommittedtoyourjourney.A.Exploreyourpassions.B.Participateinactivities.C.Differentviewpointsarebeneficialtoyou.D.Itdoesn'thavetoberelatedtoyourcareer.E.Sometimes,anxietycanpreventyoufrompursuingyourgoals.F.Thisgradualapproachcanhelpyougainconfidenceasyoumoveforward.G.Joiningoneallowsyoutoworktowardscommongoalsandprovidessupport.六、Mostkidswouldbeatalosswhattodowhenfearsetsin.Incontrast,14-year-oldHollandkept

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andsavedhisfellowpassengersfroma(n)

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.Earlierthisyear,AcieHollandwasgoingabouthisusualend-of-school-dayroutinewhenherealizedtheschoolbusdriverwasacting

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.Sheturnedthecorner,buttherewasanotherstreettheyusuallyturnedon.Shepressedthegasandwentpastthecorner.Hollandnoticedshelookedsickor

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,herheadhangingdown.Knowinghehadtoact,Hollandrantothefronttocheckonthedriver,whodidn't

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.Shepassedoutandthebuswaschanging

6.Hollandtookthedriver'soffthegas,straightenedthebus,easedittotheroadside,andputonthebrakes(剎車).Althoughhehadneverdrivenacar,hisfatherwasacertifiedautotechnicianandhegrewuparound

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.Afterthebuswassafelyparked,Hollandaskedallthekidsto

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itandhadonering911.Heranhometogethisgrandmother,anurse,togivethedriverfirst.Muchtotheirrelief,thedriver

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."Thesympathyandleadershipweseehimdailywastakentothenextlevelonhisbusridehomeyesterday.Wearegratefulthatallourstudentsare.Wecouldn'tbeofHolland,"wrotetheschoolprincipalinanemailtoHolland'sparentsHolland'sinspiringstoryspreadandhisbraveryandmadehimarolemodeltoeveryone.1.A.busy B.still C.awake D.cool2.A.emergency B.departure C.argument D.operation3.A.gently B.oddly C.silently D.bravely4.A.concerned B.interested C.tired D.Annoyed5.A.complain B.hesitate C.respond D.continue6.A.distance B.frequency C.position D.direction7.A.foot B.knee C.engine D.handle8.A.customers B.checks C.vehicles D.faults9.A.exit B.board C.locate D.monitor10.A.notice B.aid C.comfort D.attention11.A.caughtup B.cameto C.fittedin D.turnedaway12.A.recall B.emphasize C.exhibit D.recognize13.A.safe B.Active C.content D.patient14.A.moretolerant B.moreconvincedC.Sicker D.prouder15.A.honesty B.decisiveness C.curiosity D.willpower七、Firstaidisacrucialaspectofhealthcarethatcanprobablysavesomeone'slifeorpreventfurtherinjury.Knowingwhen

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(use)firstaidisessential.Oneofthemostcommoninstances

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firstaidisrequiredisininjuriesandaccidents.Thiscanincludecuts,burns,sprains,etc.Insuchsituations,itisvitaltoprovideimmediatecaretopreventfurtherdamageandensurethatthe

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(affect)individualsreceivetimelymedicalattention.Someoftheinitialstepsincludeapplyingpressuretostopbleeding,immobilizingtheinfluencedarea,andadministeringpainreliefmedication.Anothercriticalsituationwherefirstaidcanmake

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differenceisduringacardiacarrest(心臟停搏).Acardiacarrestoccurswhentheheartstopsfunctioning,immediate

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(intervene)isnecessary.Bloodcirculation(血液循環(huán))andoxygensupplytovitalorgansshould

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(restore)immediately.ThefirststepistocallemergencyservicesandstartCPRuntil

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(profession)helparrives.PerformingCPRcansavelivesintheperiod.Chokingandsuffocationareemergenciesthatcanoccuratanytime.Ifsomeone

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(choke)inthemoment,itisessentialtoactquickly.PerformtheHeimlichmanoeuvretoforceouttheobjectcausingtheobstruction.Thetimeofusingfirstaidcan

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(significant)savesomeone'slifeorpreventfurtherinjury.Equippingyourself

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firstaidskillscanensurethesafetyandwell-beingofthosearoundus.八、假設(shè)你是李華,你校正在收集學(xué)生對"高中雙休日政策"的意見。請給校長寫一封英文信,內(nèi)容包括：

1.支持該政策的理由；2.提出合理利用雙休日的建議。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。(參考詞匯："雙休日"政策two-dayweekendpolicy)DearPrincipal,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua

答案以及解析一、1.答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的"Itwasn'tuntil2015thatateamofarchaeologistsfirstarrivedintheregionwiththegoalofsearchingforcluesoftheartworks.(直到2015年，一組考古學(xué)家首次來到該地區(qū)，目的是尋找這些藝術(shù)品的線索。)"可知，2015年考古學(xué)家去該地區(qū)是為了尋找?guī)r石版畫的證據(jù)。故選C項。2.答案：A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Theteamvisited157sitesthathadrockart,13ofwhichhadengravingsmorethanadozenfeettall.Agreatvarietyoffiguresaredescribed,includinginsects,birds,humansandotheranimals.Inall,60individualengravingsexceeded30-footdimensions,includingacentipede(蜈蚣)andtwofigures.(該團(tuán)隊參觀了157個有巖石藝術(shù)的遺址,其中13個遺址的版畫超過十幾英尺高。描繪了各種各樣的形象,包括昆蟲、鳥類、人類和其他動物?？偣灿?0個單獨的版畫超過30英尺，包括一只蜈蚣和兩個人物形象。)"可推知，第二段主要通過列舉參觀的遺址數(shù)量、有高版畫的遺址數(shù)量、單獨版畫的數(shù)量等數(shù)據(jù)來展開。故選A項。3.答案：D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Interestingly,theteamfoundthatallofthesnakesfacedtheriverandwereengravedwhereitswaterlinewouldhavebeentwothousandyearsago.Theengravingswouldhavebeenvisiblefromhigherground,andcertainlybythoseinincomingboats,leadingtheteamtoassumethattheywereusedasterritorialmarkers,boundaries,andlandmarks.(有趣的是，研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的蛇都面向河流，并且刻在兩千年前的水線位置。從較高的地方可以看到這些版畫，當(dāng)然乘船而來的人也能看到，這使得研究小組假設(shè)它們被用作領(lǐng)土標(biāo)記、邊界和地標(biāo)。)"可知，蛇的版畫主要功能是作為指示。故選D項。4.答案：A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段""Thegiantsnakeengravingsstudiedinthepaperaresomeofthelargestsinglerockartimagesanywhereintheworldandmainlycomefromtheheartofalowlandtropicalenvironment,"PatrickRoberts,anarchaeologistattheMaxPlanckInstitutesays.(馬克斯?普朗克研究所的考古學(xué)家帕特里克?羅伯茨說："本文研究的巨型蛇版畫是世界上最大的單個巖石藝術(shù)圖像之一，主要來自低地?zé)釒Лh(huán)境的中心地區(qū)。")"可知，帕特里克?羅伯茨提到了巨型蛇版畫的分布。故選A項。二、1.答案：B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的"Today'svirtualrealitygamesandcontentcanbeabsorbing,buttheylargelymissthemarkwhenitcomestohaptic(觸覺的)feedback.(如今的虛擬現(xiàn)實游戲和內(nèi)容可能很吸引人，但在觸覺反饋方面，它們大多沒有達(dá)到要求。)"以及第二段中的"That'swhatresearchersatNorthwesternUniversityinIllinoisarehopingtoachievewiththeirnewwearable,atinylightweightdevicethatcangofarbeyondsimplyvibrating(震動)againstyourskintodeliverricherhapticsusingmoreadvancedtech.(這就是伊利諾伊州西北大學(xué)的研究人員希望通過他們的新型可穿戴設(shè)備實現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)，這是一種小巧輕便的設(shè)備，它遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超越了僅僅在你的皮膚上震動，而是使用更先進(jìn)的技術(shù)來提供更豐富的觸覺反饋。)"可知，當(dāng)今的虛擬現(xiàn)實游戲和內(nèi)容在觸覺反饋方面存在不足，而伊利諾伊州西北大學(xué)的研究人員希望用新的可穿戴設(shè)備實現(xiàn)超越簡單的皮膚震動，提供更豐富的觸覺反饋，由此可知，當(dāng)前的虛擬現(xiàn)實觸覺設(shè)備主要問題是它們只提供簡單的震動反饋。故選B項。2.答案：D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Allexistinghapticdevicesreallyjuststickattheskin,"saidJohnRogers,theprofessorleadingthedesign."Buthumanskinisreceptivetomuchmorecomplicatedsensesoftouch.That'swhywecreatedadevicethatcouldapplyforcestotheskininanydirection-notjuststickingbutpushing,slidingandstretching.("所有現(xiàn)有的觸覺設(shè)備實際上只是作用于皮膚。"領(lǐng)導(dǎo)該設(shè)計的約翰?羅杰斯教授說，"但人類皮膚能接受更復(fù)雜的觸覺。這就是為什么我們創(chuàng)造了一種可以向皮膚施加任何方向力的設(shè)備——不僅僅是接觸，還有推、滑動和拉伸。")"可知，現(xiàn)有的觸覺設(shè)備只是作用于皮膚，而人類皮膚對更復(fù)雜的觸覺有感受能力，所以研究人員創(chuàng)造了一種可以向皮膚施加任何方向力的設(shè)備，由此可知，該設(shè)備的開發(fā)是基于皮膚對外力的敏感性。故選D項。3.答案：D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的"Dependingonwherethehapticismounted-say,onthebackofyourhandoronafingertip-theonboarddevicedeliversinformationaboutwhetheryou'removingquicklyorslowly,andinwhichdirection.Thatmakesformorerealisticmotiontracking.IthelpsthesensoryfeedbackcomponentofVRexperiencescatchuptotherealisticvideowe'vecometoexpectwhenwearingaheadset.(根據(jù)觸覺設(shè)備安裝的位置——比如，在手背或指尖——內(nèi)置設(shè)備會提供關(guān)于你運動是快是慢以及朝哪個方向運動的信息。這使得運動跟蹤更加真實。它幫助虛擬現(xiàn)實體驗中的感官反饋與我們戴著耳機時所期望的逼真視頻相匹配。)"可知，該設(shè)備通過將更豐富的觸感與視覺效果相匹配來增強虛擬現(xiàn)實體驗。故選D項。4.答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Theirdevicerepresentsatransformativeforceacrossindustries,unlockingvastcommercialpotentials.(他們的設(shè)備代表了一種跨行業(yè)的變革力量，釋放出巨大的商業(yè)潛力。)"可知，該設(shè)備在各個行業(yè)都代表著一種變革力量，釋放出巨大的商業(yè)潛力，由此可推斷，接下來作者最有可能討論該設(shè)備的市場前景。故選B項。三、1.答案：C解析：詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中"Overthepastfewdecades,asspaceexplorationandsatellitedeploymenthaveincreasedmoreandmore,theamountofdebrisorbitingtheEarthhasreachedastonishinglevels.Thisdebrisconsistsofdefunctsatellites,spentrocketstages,andfragmentsfromcollisions(碰撞),allrushingthroughspaceatextremelyhighspeeds.(在過去的幾十年里，隨著太空探索和衛(wèi)星部署越來越多，環(huán)繞地球的碎片數(shù)量達(dá)到了驚人的水平。這些碎片由defunct衛(wèi)星、用過的火箭級和碰撞產(chǎn)生的碎片組成，它們都以極快的速度在太空中穿梭。)"可知，這些碎片是沒有用的東西，defunct意思是"不工作的，失去作用的"，與inactive"不活動的，不起作用的"意思相近。故選C。2.答案：A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中"Evenasmallpieceofdebris,travelingatorbitalspeedsofupto17,500milesperhour,cancausecatastrophicdamagetoasatelliteuponimpact.(即使是一小塊碎片，以高達(dá)每小時17500英里的軌道速度運行，在撞擊時也會對衛(wèi)星造成災(zāi)難性的破壞。)"可知，太空碎片對衛(wèi)星是嚴(yán)重威脅是因為它移動速度非?？觳⑶夷茉斐删薮蟮钠茐?。故選A。3.答案：B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中"Thehighcostofdevelopingandlaunchingdebris-removalspacecraft,aswellasthecomplexlegalandinternationalcooperationissuessurroundingspacedebrismanagement,aresignificantbarriers.Additionally,thereareconcernsaboutthepotentialforcreatingmoredebrisduringthedebris-removalprocessitself.(開發(fā)和發(fā)射清除碎片的航天器的高成本，以及圍繞太空碎片管理的復(fù)雜法律和國際合作問題，都是重大障礙。此外，人們還擔(dān)心在碎片清除過程本身中可能會產(chǎn)生更多的碎片。)"可知，實施太空碎片清除解決方案的困難在于高成本、復(fù)雜的法律問題以及可能產(chǎn)生更多碎片。故選B。4.答案：C解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第二段中"Thepresenceofspacedebrisposesaseriousthreattooperationalsatellitesandfuturespacemissions.(太空碎片的存在對正在運行的衛(wèi)星以及未來的太空任務(wù)構(gòu)成了嚴(yán)重威脅。)"和第三段中"Toaddressthisissue,scientistsandengineersaroundtheworldareexploringvariousinnovativesolutionsforspacedebrisremoval.(為了解決這一問題，世界各地的科學(xué)家和工程師們正在探索各種創(chuàng)新的太空碎片清除解決方案。)"可知，文章的主要內(nèi)容是太空碎片構(gòu)成威脅且清除它的努力面臨挑戰(zhàn)。故選C。四、答案：D；B；C；G；A解析：①上文"Thatonehouryouspendliftingweightsisofgreatnecessitytobuildmuscles.(你花一個小時舉重對鍛煉肌肉非常必要)"提到鍛煉一小時對增肌的重要性。D選項"Theother23arejustasessential，though.(不過，另外的23個小時同樣重要)"與之形成對比，強調(diào)除了鍛煉的一小時，其余時間(即恢復(fù)時間)也不可或缺，引出下文促進(jìn)健身恢復(fù)的策略。故選D項。②上文"Workoutrecoveryallowspeopletogetthemaximumbenefitfromworkouts.(健身恢復(fù)能讓人們從鍛煉中獲得最大益處)"指出健身恢復(fù)的好處。B選項"Itkeepsyousafeandinjuryfree.(它能讓你安全且免受傷害)"進(jìn)一步闡述了健身恢復(fù)的作用，與上文的益處相呼應(yīng)，邏輯合理。故選B項。③上文"Ifyou'reexperiencingburnoutfromstrengthtraining,thesimplestwayisatotalbreakofexercise.(如果你在力量訓(xùn)練中感到倦怠，最簡單的方法就是完全停止鍛煉)"提出停止鍛煉休息的建議。C選項"Justlieonthebedandkickupyourfeet.(就躺在床上，蹺起腳)"是對完全休息方式的具體描述，符合上下文語境。故選C項。④下文"Itinvolvesusingcupsontheskin,creatingavacuum(真空)byheatinganddrawingtheunderlyingtissuesupward.(它包括在皮膚上使用杯子(罐)，通過加熱產(chǎn)生真空并將下面的組織向上吸)"描述了一種治療方法。G選項"AnancientChinesepracticeiswellworthamention.(一種古老的中國療法很值得一提)"引出下文這種古老的中國療法(拔罐)，上下文銜接自然。故選G項。⑤下文"Awholefoodsbaseddietprovidesyourbodywiththebuildingblocksneededtorepairmusclesandpromoterecovery,settingofftherightchangesinyourbodybetweenworkouts.(以全食物為基礎(chǔ)的飲食能為你的身體提供修復(fù)肌肉和促進(jìn)恢復(fù)所需的物質(zhì)，在鍛煉間隙引發(fā)身體的正確變化)"強調(diào)了飲食營養(yǎng)對恢復(fù)的重要性。A選項"Don'tskipnutritionalrecovery.(不要忽視營養(yǎng)恢復(fù))"引出下文關(guān)于營養(yǎng)方面的內(nèi)容，是本段中心句。故選A項。五、答案：D；E；A；F；G解析：①根據(jù)上文"Setmeaningfulgoals.Startbyidentifyingyourcorevaluesandsettinggoalsthatalign(使一致)withthem.(設(shè)定有意義的目標(biāo)。首先要確定你的核心價值觀，并設(shè)定與之相符的目標(biāo)。)"以及下文"Forinstance,ifyouvaluekindness,youmightaimtovolunteerregularly.Ifyoucareabouttheenvironment,youcouldstartbyrecyclingathomeandgraduallytakeonbiggerprojects.(例如，如果你重視善良，你可能會目標(biāo)定期做志愿者。如果你關(guān)心環(huán)境，你可以從在家回收利用開始，然后逐漸承擔(dān)更大的項目。)"可知，設(shè)定的目標(biāo)不一定與職業(yè)相關(guān)，D選項"Itdoesn'thavetoberelatedtoyourcareer.(它不一定與你的職業(yè)相關(guān)。)"符合語境，"It"指代上文設(shè)定的目標(biāo)，且與下文舉例內(nèi)容相呼應(yīng)。故選D項。②根據(jù)上文"Addressyourfears.(直面你的恐懼。)"以及下文"It'simportanttorecognizeyourfearsandquestiontheirvalidity.Aretheybasedonreality,oraretheyjustholdingyouback?(認(rèn)識到你的恐懼并質(zhì)疑它們的合理性是很重要的。它們是基于現(xiàn)實的，還是僅僅在阻礙你?)"可知，恐懼會對追求目標(biāo)產(chǎn)生阻礙，E選項"Sometimes,anxietycanpreventyoufrompursuingyourgoals.(有時，焦慮會阻止你追求目標(biāo)。)"中的"anxiety"與上文"fears"相呼應(yīng),說明了恐懼(焦慮)對追求目標(biāo)的影響。故選E項。③根據(jù)下文"Yourinterestscanprovidecluesaboutyourlifepurpose.Ifyou'reunsurewhatyourinterestsare,askfriendsorfamilyfortheirinsights.Youmightalreadybeengaginginactivitiesthatreflectyourlikeswithoutrealizingit.Thinkaboutwhatyouenjoyandwhatyou'regoodat,andconsiderhowthesecanbeincorporatedintoyourlife.(你的興趣可以為你的人生目標(biāo)提供線索。如果你不確定自己的興趣是什么，可以向朋友或家人征求他們的見解。你可能已經(jīng)在不知不覺中參與了反映你喜好的活動。想想你喜歡什么、擅長什么，并考慮如何將這些融入你的生活。)"可知，此段主要圍繞探索興趣展開，A選項"Exploreyourpassions.(探索你的興趣愛好。)"中的"passions"與下文"interests"、"likes"意思相近，且能很好地概括段落主旨。故選A項。④根據(jù)上文"Startsmalltogainsteadyprogress.Findingyourpurposecanfeeloverwhelming,soit'simportanttostartwithsmallmanageablesteps.Ifyou'reconsideringacareerchange,forexample,beginbyresearchingthefieldratherthanmakingimmediatechanges.(從小事做起，穩(wěn)步前進(jìn)。發(fā)現(xiàn)你的人生目標(biāo)可能會讓人不知所措，所以從可管理的小步驟開始很重要。例如，如果你考慮換工作，先研究這個領(lǐng)域，而不是立即做出改變。)"可知，這種逐步推進(jìn)的方式有助于取得進(jìn)步，F(xiàn)選項"Thisgradualapproachcanhelpyougainconfidenceasyoumoveforward.(這種漸進(jìn)的方法可以幫助你在前進(jìn)的過程中獲得信心。)"中的"Thisgradualapproach"指代上文從小事做起的方法,進(jìn)一步說明了這種方法的好處。故選F項。⑤根據(jù)上文"Buildyourcommunity.Connectingwithotherswhoshareyourinterestsinacommunitycanenhanceyoursenseofpurpose.(建立你的社交圈。在一個社交圈中與那些和你有共同興趣的人建立聯(lián)系可以增強你的目標(biāo)感。)"以及下文"Engagingwithlike-mindedindividualscanalsoinspireyoutostaycommittedtoyourjourney.(與志同道合的人交往也可以激勵你堅持自己的人生道路。)"可知，加入社交圈有諸多好處，G選項"Joiningoneallowsyoutoworktowardscommongoalsandprovidessupport.(加入一個社交圈能讓你朝著共同的目標(biāo)努力，并提供支持。)"中的"Joiningone"與上文"Buildyourcommunity"相呼應(yīng)，說明了加入社交圈的作用。故選G項。六、1.答案：D解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：相比之下，14歲的霍蘭德保持冷靜，將他的乘客同伴們從一場緊急情況中拯救出來。A.busy忙碌的；B.still靜止的；C.awake醒著的；D.cool冷靜的。根據(jù)上文"Mostkidswouldbeatalosswhattodowhenfearsetsin."可知，大多數(shù)孩子在恐懼面前不知所措，結(jié)合"Incontrast"可知，與其他孩子相比，霍蘭德是保持冷靜的，符合語境。故選D項。2.答案：A解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：相比之下，14歲的霍蘭德保持冷靜，將他的乘客同伴們從一場緊急情況中拯救出來。A.emergency緊急情況；B.departure離開；C.argument爭論；D.operation手術(shù)。根據(jù)下文"Hollandnoticedshelookedsickor

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,herheadhangingdown."可知，校車司機出了狀況，由此可知，這是一場緊急情況。故選A項。3.答案：B解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：今年早些時候，艾斯?霍蘭德像往常一樣在放學(xué)回家的路上，他注意到校車司機的行為很奇怪。A.gently溫柔地；B.oddly奇怪地；C.silently安靜地；D.bravely勇敢地。根據(jù)下文"Sheturnedthecorner,buttherewasanotherstreettheyusuallyturnedon.Shepressedthegasandwentpastthecorner."可知，司機沒有按平常的路線走，由此可推斷，此處指的是行為很"奇怪"符合語境。故選B項。4.答案：C解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：霍蘭德注意到她看起來病了或者很累，頭垂著。A.concerned擔(dān)心的；B.interested感興趣的；C.tired累的；D.annoyed惱怒的。根據(jù)上文"shelookedsick"以及"herheadh