2025年高中英語第18講 閱讀理解之說明文（學生版）-新高二英語暑假銜接（人教版）

第18講閱讀理解之說明文1．了解說明文的解題方法與技巧。2．進行說明文真題訓練。閱讀理解說明文，是對事物或事理進行客觀說明的一種文體，它以說明為主要表達方式，通過解說事物或闡明事例，達到教人以知識的目的。在結構上往往采用總分、遞進等方式按一定的順序（如時間、空間、從現(xiàn)象到本質）進行說明。最近五年，說明文的出現(xiàn)變化不大，一直很穩(wěn)定，選材通常是各學科的前沿問題；高科技領域的科研成果；人們比較關心的社會問題；人文方面的經(jīng)典。由于閱讀理解題的設置采用漸進式，即由簡到難的方式，因此說明文是高考試卷中閱讀理解題中相對比較難的，通常后置。說明文是對事物或事理進行客觀說明的一種文體，在新高考卷的閱讀理解中每年都涉及到說明文的考查，是必考問題之一。從命題形式上來看，說明文閱讀?？贾髦即笠忸}和猜義題。說明文一般層次分明，結構清晰，邏輯關系清晰。因此考生在備考時要多加關注，勤加練習。說明文的選材都是各專業(yè)領域的前沿問題，尤以科技類說明文居多。說明文的詞匯和句式的運用比其他體裁文章而言，難度更大。詞匯運用靈活，同一個詞的不同詞性用法交替出現(xiàn)。未列入考綱的生詞較多，專業(yè)術語也多，且對考生而言比較陌生。文章中的長難句比較多。這些都導致考生在閱讀時難度很大。解題技巧高考閱讀理解題的設問主要圍繞以下四方面：細節(jié)事實題、主旨大意題、推理判斷題、猜測詞義題。其中，說明文主要以細節(jié)事實、主旨大意和猜測詞義三方面問題為主。一、事實細節(jié)題屬于細節(jié)類型的閱讀理解題一般只針對某個特定的細節(jié)，題型可以多種多樣。此類題型一般分兩種。第一種是直接理解題，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二種是詞義轉換題，正確選項是原文有關詞語和句子的轉換。做此類試題一定要抓住事件發(fā)生的時間、地點、人物、發(fā)展過程和結局等環(huán)節(jié)，所選答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生義。這類題型的主要提問方式常為：①Whichofthefollowingistrue/NOTtrueinthepassage?②WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTdiscussed/mentionedinthepassage?③Whichistherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage?④AllthefollowingstatementsareNOTtrueexcept

.細節(jié)題的破解一般采用尋讀法，即先看試題，再讀文章。對有關信息進行快速定位，再將相關信息進行整合、甄別、分析、對比，有根有據(jù)地排除干擾項，選出正確答案。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準確率，節(jié)省了寶貴的時間。尋讀法還特別適用于對圖形表格類題材的理解。做此類型的題目還要特別注意句子的邏輯關系。英語中有許多功能詞，如：表因果關系的because,since,as等；表轉折關系的but,however,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand等等。二、詞義猜測類題型在高考閱讀題中，考生遇到的最大障礙往往有兩個：一是被已認識的單詞的某一熟知含義所誤導；二是被完全不認識的單詞的意思所阻礙，從而出現(xiàn)理解偏差或理解困難，影響閱讀的速度。其實解決這兩個困難的一個重要法寶是考生在心目中樹立起上下文觀念，要學會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。在閱讀解題時要注意從以下七個方面著手：1）根據(jù)定義或解釋、說明猜測生詞的詞義在be，becalled，call等判斷詞出現(xiàn)的判斷句中，或定語從句及標點符號，可以根據(jù)已知部分，猜測生詞的含義。例如：Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.通過理解定語從句的意思，能猜出herdsman是“牧人”。2）根據(jù)對比關系猜測生詞的詞義在but，however，yet，otherwise，though這些表示意義轉折的連詞出現(xiàn)的句子中，其前后的詞有明顯對比關系，根據(jù)已知的內容，通過這種對比關系，就很容易猜出生詞的詞義了。例如：ThoughTom’sfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.和clean意思相對的便是“骯臟的”了，因此可猜出句中grubby的意思是“骯臟的”。3）通過因果關系猜測詞義because,since與as是連接原因狀語從句的從屬連詞，so是連接表示結果的狀語從句的連詞，so...that與such...that中的that是連接結果狀語從句的。當這些信息詞出現(xiàn)在有生詞的句子中，通過因果關系，依據(jù)已知部分就能猜出生詞的詞義。例如：Shewantedthehairdressertotrimherhairabitbecauseitwastoolong.根據(jù)because從句所講的意思，我們就可推測trim就是“修剪”之意。根據(jù)生活常識猜測詞義運用邏輯推理能力，自身的生活經(jīng)驗及生活常識。再聯(lián)系上下文能讀懂的部分，可以正確猜出詞義。例如：Mostoftherosesarebeginningtowitherbecauseofthecold.根據(jù)句子意思及生活經(jīng)驗，wither表示“枯萎”。5）根據(jù)同等關系猜測詞義同等關系，指的是一個詞，一組詞或短語在句中作同一成分，而且它們的詞義都屬于同一范疇。明顯的標志是，這樣的詞組或短語中間常常用并列連詞and或or來連接。例如：Atforty-twohewasinhisprimeandalwaysfullofenergy.從“年齡42歲”以及與prime具有同等關系的fullofenergy可以猜出prime的意思是“盛年時期”。6）根據(jù)構詞法知識猜測詞義根據(jù)學過的構詞法知識，知道詞根和前綴或后綴的意義，就可猜出由它們組成的新詞詞義。三、主旨大意類題型主旨大意類題型主要測試學生對文章全面理解和概括的能力，提問的內容可能是全文的大意，也可能是某段的段落大意，一般不易在文中直接找到答案。怎樣把握主旨大意題呢？通常有以下幾種方法：（一）閱讀文章的標題或副標題文章的標題是一篇文章的題眼，通過閱讀標題或副標題可以迅速把握文章的主旨大意。（二）尋找文章的主題句分析篇章結構，找出文章主題。在許多情況下，尤其在閱讀說明文和議論文時，根據(jù)其篇章特點我們可以通過仔細閱讀短文的第一句或第二句,即文章的主題句來歸納出文章的主題.若短文由若干段組成，除仔細閱讀第一段的首句外，還須仔細閱讀每一段的第一句，即段落中心.通常文章的中心思想包含在文章的首句，有時也在文章的末句，其他句子都是用來說明和闡述主題句。因此，在確定文章的中心思想時，要求學生重視閱讀文章的首句和末句。但也有一些文章，中心思想常常貫穿在全文中，因此要求學生綜觀全文，對段落的內容要融會貫通，對文章透徹理解后歸納總結。主題句的特點是：1.相對于其他句子，它表達的意思比較概括；2.主題句一般結構簡單；3.段落中其他句子必定是用來解釋,支撐或發(fā)展主題句所表達的思想的。（2023春·湖北十堰·高二房縣第一中學校聯(lián)考階段練習）Theideathatredmeansstopandgreenmeansgohasimpactedourlivesinmorewaysthanjusttrafficsignals.Wehavebeentaughtfromayoungagethatthecolorredmeansdangerandgreenmeansit’sokaytomoveforward.Butwhywerethoseparticularcolorschosenfortrafficlightsinthefirstplace?Forsomethingwehavetolookateveryday,whycouldn’ttheyhavebeenprettiercolorslikemagentaandpurple?Well,it’simportanttoknowthatbeforetrafficlightsforcarsevenbecameathing,thereweretrafficsignalsfortrains.Atfirst,railroadcompaniesusedredtomeanstop,whitetomeango,andgreentomeancaution.Asyoucouldimagine,trainconductorsranintoafewproblemswithwhitemeaninggo.Forinstance,onetrainconductormistookabrightstarforawhitelightandthoughthewasallclear.Well,asyoucanimagine,anaccidentoccurred.Becauseofcommonincidentslikethat,railwaycompanieseventuallyproposedgreenmeaninggo,andit’sbeenthatwayeversince.Asfarasredgoes,that’salwaysbeenacolorthatindicateddanger,longbeforecarswereevenaround.Thismostlikelystartedbecauseit’sthecolorwiththelongestwavelengthsoitcanbeseenfromagreaterdistancethanothercolors.Asfarasyellowgoes,itwasusedtocautiondriversbecauseithasaslightlyshorterwavelengththanred,butnotasshortasgreen.But,believeitornot,yellowwasonceusedtomeanstoptheflowoftraffic,atleastasfarassignsgo.Backinthe1900s,somestopsignswereyellowbecauseitwastoohardtoseearedsigninapoorlylitarea.Eventually,materialsweredevelopedthatwerehighlyreflectiveandredstopsignswereborn.Sinceyellowcanbeseenwellatalltimesoftheday,schoolzones,sometrafficsigns,andschoolbusescontinuetobepaintedyellow.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“clear”meaninthesecondParagraph?A．Withoutdoubt. B．Easytounderstand. C．Cloudlessinthesky. D．Freefromdangers.2．Whichofthefollowingcolorshasthelongestwave?A．Purple. B．Yellow. C．White. D．Red.3．Whichofthefollowingeventscamelast?A．Trafficsignalsfortrainscameintobeing.B．Railwayincidentshappenedfrequently.C．Yellowiswidelyusedforitsspecialcharacter.D．Railwaycompanieschosegreenmeaninggo.4．What’sthepurposeoftheauthor’swritingthispassage?A．Toentertain. B．Toinform. C．Topersuade. D．Toadvertise.（2023春·貴州遵義·高二遵義市南白中學校聯(lián)考階段練習）Thepopulationofaseacreatureknownasthesunflowerseastar,whichwasonceplentifulalongthePacificcoastlinefromMexico’sBajaCaliforniapeninsulatoAlaska,hasbeenreducedsharplytheseyears.Approximately90%ofthemhavedisappearedsince2013duetoamysteriousseastarwastingsyndrome(海星消瘦綜合癥).Oneofthefactorslikelytohaveledtothedeathofseastarsisrisingoceantemperaturescausedbyclimatechange,accordingtosomescientists.Theoceanabsorbsmostoftheexcessatmosphericheatcausedbygreenhousegasemissions,whichhastheeffectofincreasingthetemperatureofthewater.Manyseacreaturescanonlytolerateverysmallchangestotheirenvironment.Sunflowerseastarsfeedonseaurchins.Seaurchinsfeedonseagrass.Withoutthepresenceofsunflowerseastars,theirkeypredatorinthefoodchain,seaurchinpopulationshaveboomed.Thathasledtothedeathofmanyseagrasses—whichinturncontributestotheclimatecrisis,asseagrassisavaluabletooltostorecarbondioxide.ScientistsattheUniversityofWashingtonhavebeenworkingonthat.Theyhavebeenraisinganewgenerationofsunflowerseastarsthatcanbeusedtorepopulatecoastalwaters.JasonHodin,aresearchscientistattheUniversityofWashington’sFridayHarborLabs,saidthatthey’rehopingtheprogramcanhelprecoverthesunflowerseastarand,ultimately,recoverthehealthofecosystemslikeseagrassthatisunderthreatrightnow.Totesttheseastars’abilitytotoleratewarmingseas,scientistshavethesetinycreaturessubjectedtofluctuations(波動)inwatertemperaturesinthelab.Someoftheyoungadultseastarsarebeingraisedinwaterthatisslightlywarmerthannormal,andareshowingsignsofbeingabletoadjusttotheaddedwarmth.“Thesearenottypicaloceantemperaturesaroundhere,butthesuccessindicatesthattheyatleasthavetheabilitytoendurethewarmerwater,”saidHodin.5．Whichcouldbeapossiblereasonforthedeathofsunflowerseastars?A．Habitatloss. B．Climatechange.C．Foodshortage. D．Oceanpollution.6．Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．Thelivinghabitsofsunflowerseastars.B．Theimportanceofseagrasstotheenvironment.C．Thekeyroleofsunflowerseastarsinthefoodchain.D．Theconsequencesoftheincreasingseaurchinpopulations.7．Howdoscientistshelpincreasethepopulationofsunflowerseastars?A．Bydevelopingdevicestocoolseawater.B．Byimprovingtheenvironmentofcoastalwaters.C．Bygrowingplentifulseagrasstoabsorbcarbondioxide.D．Byexperimentingonraisinganewgenerationofthecreature.8．WhatdoesJasonHodinthinkoftheprogram?A．Itismeaningful. B．Itiscomplicated.C．Itisbizarre. D．Itisdisappointing（2023春·湖北襄陽·高二宜城市第一中學校聯(lián)考期中）Bydrawingpatternsonthesurfaceofacupoftea,chabaixi(茶百戲),anancientChineseteatrickdisplayedinarecentTVdrama,hasgoneviralforitsapparentsimilaritywithmoderncoffeeart.However,tenyearsago,thisdistinctivetechniquewasclosetodisappearing.ZhangZhifeng,apracticianofchabaixi,foundscenesofchabaixiinthedramaarousedgreatinterestamongordinarypeople.Chabaixicancreateendlesspatternssuchasbamboosandmountainsorevencalligraphy.Thereareoveradozensteps,fromgrinding(碾碎)teaforfinepowder,topouringboiledwater,stirringthemixtureforthickfroth(泡沫),andfinallydrawingthepatterns.Itisdifferentfrommakingcoffeebecausepeopleuseclearwaterastheobjecttoputintothecupinsteadofmilk.Butwhenthewatertouchesthesurfaceofwhipped(攪打起泡的)tea,itturnsintoawhitecoloranddisappearsin20minutes.Theprocessbeforethedrawingisknownasthetea—makingtechnique,diancha.Thequalityofdianchaiscrucialtowhetherpatternscanbesuccessfullyproducedlater.“Chabaixiisoneofthecountlessformsoftea-makingtechniquesinChina.Theimportanceofchabaixiisnotonlythatthistechniqueisuniqueintheworld,butalsoitgivesusawindowintopeople’slifestyleintheSongDynasty,aperiodoftimewhenleisureactivitiesinsomewaysaresimilartowhatwehavenow,”Zhangsaid.BeforechabaixiwasdiscoveredbyTVaudiences,thetechniquewaslistedaspartofChina’sIntangibleCulturalHeritagein2017,afteritwasrecoveredbyZhangZhifeng.Hestartedresearchingtheoriginsofchabaixiinthe1980sandbroughtthetechniquebackin2009afterdecadesoftrialsandpractice.“Toletthistechniquefadewouldbeashame.Itmustbepassedontothenextgenerationssotheycanunderstanditshistory,”Zhangsaid.9．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“goneviral”inparagraph1probablymean?A．Maintainedhighlycompetitive. B．Receivedgoodprotection.C．Starteddeclininggradually. D．Becamepopularquickly.10．Whatdoweknowaboutchabaixi?A．Itdevelopsbasedoncoffeeart. B．Itinvolvescomplicatedtea-makingskills.C．Itmainlydescribesbeautifulscenery. D．Itispaintedwithwhippedmilk.11．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Theoriginofchabaixi. B．Theuniquenessofchabaixi.C．Thesignificanceofchabaixi. D．Thedevelopmentofchabaixi.12．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．ZhangZhifeng—APracticianofChabaixiB．AncientTeaTechniqueFindsNewPopularRecognitionC．AChina’sIntangibleCulturalHeritageD．Chabaixi—AFamousTea-makingTechnique（2023春·貴州遵義·高二遵義市南白中學校聯(lián)考階段練習）There’sanewAIbot:ChatGPT,andyou’dbetterpayattention,evenifyouaren’tintoartificialintelligence.ThetoolisanAIchatbotsystemthatOpenAIreleasedinNovember2022toshowoffandtestwhataverylarge,powerfulAIsystemcanachieve.ChatGPTremembersthethreadofyourdialogue,usingpreviousquestionsandanswerstoinformitsnextresponses.ItderivesitsanswersfromhugevolumesofinformationontheInternet.ChatGPTisbuiltontopoftheOpenAIGPT-3familyoflargelanguagemodelsandisfine-tuned(amethodoftransferlearning)usingbothsupervisedandreinforcementlearning(監(jiān)督和強化學習).YoucanaskChatGPTanything,likeexplainingphysics,askingforbirthdaypartyideasandgettingprogramming(編程)help.Perhapsit’snotsmartenoughtoreplaceallhumansyet,butitcanbecreative,anditsanswerscansounddownrightauthoritative.Afewdaysafteritslaunch,morethan1millionpeopleweretryingoutChatGPT.UBSanalystLloydWalmsleyestimatedinFebruary2023thatChatGPTreached100millionmonthlyusersinJanuary,accomplishingin2monthswhattookTikTokabout9monthsandInstagramtwoandahalfyears.ChatGPTisfreetouseatthemomentbecauseitisstillinitsresearchphase.Butwhentoomanypeoplehopontotheserver(服務器),itoverloadsandcan’tprocessyourrequest.Itjustmeansyoushouldtryvisitingthesiteatalatertimewhenfewerpeoplearetryingtoaccessit.Ifyouwanttoskipthewaitandhavereliableaccess,thereisanoptionforyou.AsofFeb.1,2023,OpenAIhasaChatGPTproplan,ChatGPTPlus,whichallowsuserstohavegeneralaccessevenduringpeaktimes.Thisservicedoescomeatacostof$20/month.’However,ChatGPTcannotreplaceGoogle.ChatGPTisanartificialintelligencebotthatprovidessolutionstoyourquestions,butGoogleisasearchengineinwhichyoucansearchforasmuchinformationaspossible.ChatGPThaslimitedknowledgeduetoitsprogrammingbutGooglehasunlimitedknowledgewhichisupdatedeveryday.13．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutChatGPT?A．Itslanguagemodel. B．Itsworkingtheory.C．Itsdesigninspiration. D．Itsdevelopmentprocess.14．Whydoestheauthorlistfiguresinparagraph3?A．ToshowthepopularityofChatGPT.B．TostressthehighcostofinventingChatGPT.C．Topresentthecreativityofartificialintelligence.D．Toprovethenecessityofdevelopingtoolsforchattingonline.15．WhatisChatGPTPlusintendedfor?A．Guidinguserstoexperiencefreeservices.B．Allowingnetsurferstoskipadvertisements.C．Helpingresearchersdetectthefailureofthesystem.D．Offeringconsumerspriorityaccessduringpeakhours.16．WhatisalimitationofChatGPTcomparedwithGoogle?A．Itoperatesbasedonlimiteddata.B．Ittakesmoretimetosearchforsolutions.C．Itcanonlyupdateinformationatafixedtime.D．Itmayproviderepliesunrelatedtothequestions.（2023春·山東煙臺·高二統(tǒng)考期中）Scientistshaveusedlasers(激光)togenerateelectricityinthelabbefore.RecentlySwissresearchershavefoundinamountaintopexperimentthatapowerfullasercangrabholdofalightningflashandrerouteitspaththroughthesky,whichisthefirstdemonstrationthatthetechniqueworksinreal-worldstormsandcouldsomedayleadtobetterprotection,againstlightning.Today’smostcommonanti-lightningtechistheclassiclightningrod,ameters-longmetalpolerootedtotheground.Itattractslightningandsafelyguidestheelectricityintotheground.Buttheareaprotectedbyalightningrodislimitedbytherod’sheight.“Ifyouwanttoprotectlargebuildingslikeairports,youwouldneedalightningrodofkilometersize,”saysAurélienHouard,aFrenchphysicist.SuchatallmetalpolewouldbeimpracticalButalasercouldreachthatfar,stoppingdistantlightningflashesandtakingthemdowntoground-basedmetalrods.HouardandhiscolleaguestestedthisideaatopS?ntismountaininSwitzerland.Theysetupahigh-powerlasernearatelecommunicationtowertippedwithalightningrodthatisstruckbylightningaround100timeseveryyear.Thetowerwashitbylightningfourtimeswhilethelaserwason.Oneofthosestrikeshappenedinafairlyclearsky,allowingtwohigh-speedcamerastoshootthemoment.Thoseimagesshowedlightningrushingdownfromthecloudsandfollowingthelaserlightforsome50meterstowardthetower’slightningrod.Tofollowthepathsofthethreeflashestheycouldn’tsee,theresearcherslookedatradiowavesgivenoffbythelightning.Thoseradiowavesshowedthethreestrikesfollowedthepathofthelasermuchmorecloselythanotherstrikesthathappenedwhenthelaserwasoff.Thissuggestedthatthelaserguidedthesethreestrikestothelightningrodaswell.It’sarealachievementbutthelaseristooexpensive.It’llprobablytakeadecadeormorebeforeit’strulyabletoprotectlargebuildings.17．Whatnewfunctionoflaserswasdiscoveredintheoutdoorexperiment?A．Topreventstorms. B．Toproduceelectricity.C．Tosetofflightningflashes. D．Toredirectlightningstrikes.18．Whataspectofalightningroddoesparagraph2focuson?A．Itscategory. B．Itsstructure. C．Itsweakness. D．Itsinventor.19．Howdidtheresearcherstracktheinvisiblelightningflash?A．Throughcameras. B．Throughitsradiowaves.C．Throughatower. D．Throughalightningrod.20．Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthistext?A．Inapersonaldiary. B．Inapopularmagazine.C．Inaphysicstextbook. D．Inaclasspresentation.（2023春·寧夏吳忠·高二吳忠中學?？计谥校㏕welveyearsago,ayoungtravelernamedRhettButlerfromSanFrancisco,California,visitedtheSabahrainforestonMalaysianBorneo.Inoneareaoftherainforest,hewatchedabirdflyingthroughthetrees.Thebeautifulsightleftquiteanimpressiononhim.Butweekslater,backhome,RhettButlergotthenewsthattreeshadbeencutdownfortheirwoodintheareahevisited.ThatexperienceledRhettButlertobeginwritingabookaboutrainforestsandthreats(威脅)totheirexistence.Buthedidnotpublishthebook.Instead,in1999,heusedhisresearchforthebooktocreateawebsite.ThesiteisM.Hispurposewastoinformthepublicabouttropicalrainforests.Butthesubjectquicklydeveloped.Asaformerbusinessman,hebecamearespectedwriterofscienceandenvironmentalstories.ThepopularityofMattractedadvertisers.Smalladsonthesitepayforitsoperations.Mhasgrownandledtoothersites.Forexample,thereisasiteforchildrenwhichiscalledkids.Anotherone,WildM,isallabouttheislandnationthatRhettButlercallshisfavoriteplace.Tokeephiswebsitegoing,hetravelsaroundtheworldonseveralmajortripseachyear.Hisworkingtoolsarealaptopcomputer,camerasandsometimesdivingequipment.Heoftencallsonexpertsforinformation.Forexample,heinterviewedAlisonJolly,atopexpertonlemurs(狐猴).HeinterviewedRodneyJackson,abiologistwhoestablishedtheSnowLeopardConservancy.StorieslikethesehavemadeMafavoriteplaceontheInternetforresearchers,studentsandteachers.InApril,Time.Com.nameditoneofthefifteentopclimateandenvironmentwebsitesintheworld.21．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．RhettButlerandHisWebsiteB．RainforestonMalaysianBorneoC．HowRhettButlerProtectedRareAnimalsD．HowRhettButlerMadeHisWebsitePopular22．RhettButlerdidn’tpublishhisbookaboutrainforestsbecause________.A．makingwebsitesearnsmoremoneythanwritingbooksB．hewasnotpreparedtopublishhisbookC．thebookwasnotaboutrainforestprotectionD．hewantedtousetheinformationtocreateawebsite23．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheM?A．Itwassetupin1999. B．Itattractedmanyadvertisers.C．Tworelatedwebsitesgrewfromit. D．RhettButlermadealotofmoneyfromit.24．Tokeephiswebsitegoing,RhettButler________.A．keptvisitingtherainforest B．traveledaroundandinterviewedexpertsC．raisedraresnowleopards D．madeagreatnumberofadvertisements（2023春·寧夏吳忠·高二吳忠中學?？计谥校㎞owadays,childrenspendlesstimeinthefreshair.ManyofthemareaddictedtoascreeneitheronacomputeroraTV—theyseemtobelivinginavirtualworld.Theyhavelosttouchwithnature.Butnow400organizationsintheUK,fromplaygroupstotheNationalHealthService,areencouragingchildrentohavesome“wildtime”.Theywantkidstoswapatleast30minutesofwatchingTVorplayingcomputergamesfortimeplayingoutside.Activitiessuchasbuildingdens,climbingtrees,rummagingforconkersandplayinghideandseekarejustsomeofthethingskidcando.Eveniftheyliveinacity,theycangoonadventuresinthegardenorthepark.Childrenoftenneedahelpinghandfrommumanddad.Theyneedtobeshownwhattodoandwheretogo.AndySimpsonfromNationalHealthServicesays,“Wewantparentstoseewhatthismagicalwonderproductdoesfortheirkids’development,independenceandcreativity,bygivingwildtimeago.”Sodespitethecomplicatedworldthatyoungpeoplegrowupinnow,itseemsthatgoingbacktobasicsandexperiencing“nature’splayground”iswhatmodernchildrenneed.DavidBondfromProjectWildThingsays,“Weneedtomakemorespaceforwildtimeinchildren’sdailyroutine,freeingthisgenerationofkidstohavethesortofexperiencesthatmanyofustookforgranted.”Thismightsoundabitoldfashionedtoyouormaybe,likeme,it’smadeyouthinkaboutstickingonyourboots,gettingoutdoorsandrelivingyourchildhood.There’snoagelimitonenjoyingyourself!25．Childrenareencouragedtodothefollowingactivitiesexcept________.A．buildingdens B．climbingtreesC．playinghideandseek D．watchingTV26．What’sthemainideaofParagraph4?A．Adultsvalueoutdooractivities. B．Modernchildrenneedwildtime.C．Thepresentworldiscomplicated. D．Thisgenerationofkidshasnofreedom27．Thelastparagraphsuggeststhat________.A．PeopleatanyagecanenjoywildtimeB．ItisoutofdatetogooutdoorsC．ItistoolateforadultstoenjoynatureD．Peoplelikerecallingthepast28．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A．Morespaceforchildren B．BenefitsofwildtimeC．Wildtimeforchildren D．Adventuresofchildren（2023春·湖南郴州·高二嘉禾縣第一中學?？茧A段練習）There’salwaysbeendebateaboutthebesttimeofdaytoworkout.ForthelongesttimeI’veheardthatexercisinginthemorningisideal,butotherssayanighttimeworkoutbenefitsthemmore.IwasoneofthoseeveningexerciserswhenIwasworkinginanofficeregularlybuthavesinceshiftedtolatemorningworkouts.Isonetimereallybetterthananother,andwhy?Regardlessofwhenyouworkout,therearemanyhealthbenefitsfrommovingregularly,likeimprovingyourhearthealth,gettingstrongerorevenimprovingyourendurance.Mostpeopledecidetoexercisewhenitbestfitstheirschedule,sooftentimestheycan’thelpthetimeofthedaytheychoosetobeactive.Researchhasshown,however,thatthetimeofdayyouchoosetoexercisecanaffectyourworkoutinvariousways.Thebesttimetoworkoutiswheneveryoucan.Wedon’tallhaveschedulesthatallowfora90-minuteworkout.Ifyouronlytimeofdaytoexerciseisbeforework,thenmorningisbest.Ifyoureservephysicalactivityforpackedevenings,there’sagoodchanceyouwon’tevergettoit.Likewise,ifyoucanonlysquash20minutesofexerciseintoyourdayrightbeforeyougetreadyforbed,that’sthebesttimetoworkout.Iwanttoaddanoteonconsistency,though.Thebesttimetoexerciseiswheneveryoucan,butthebesttimeofdaytoexerciseisthetimeyoucanstickwithfordays,weeksandmonths.Thefactofthematteristhatpeoplewhoexerciseinvariablyseebetterweightlossandfitnessresultsinthelong-term.Researchalsosuggeststhatyourbodycanadapttoregulartrainingschedules,soifyouworkouteverymorning,youwillprobablygetalotbetteratworkingoutinthemorning,andthesameinregardtonightworkouts.Thatallsaid,morningworkoutsandnightworkoutsbothhavetheiradvantagesanddisadvantagesasevidencedbydecadesofscientificresearch.29．Whydoestheauthortalkaboutthedebate?A．Togivebackgroundknowledge. B．Tointroducethetopicofthetext.C．Toshowtheauthor’sattitude. D．Toshowpeople’spuzzlementwhenexercise.30．Whenisthebesttimetotakeexerciseaccordingtothetext?A．Inthemorning. B．Intheevening. C．Afterwork. D．Thetimeyoucanstickto.31．Whatisthemostimportantastoexerciseaccordingtothetext?A．Choosingtheproperplace. B．Choosingfavoritesport.C．Workingoutregularly. D．Exercising20minutesaday.32．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Thevariouswaystoexercise B．ThecommonformsofexercisingC．Thebesttimeofadayforexercising D．Thegoodreasonsforexercising（2023春·湖北宜昌·高二葛洲壩中學校考階段練習）Nowadayssomecompaniesareattemptingtogrowseafoodfromcellsinalaboratoryratherthanharvestingitfromtheoceans.Withmassiveproblemswithoverfishingworldwideandgrowingdemandforshrinkingsuppliesofseafood,thewayfishcurrentlymakesitswaytoourplatesisn’talong-termviableoption.Between1961and2016,theaverageannualincreaseinglobalfoodfishconsumptionoutpacedpopulationgrowth.Thosearefiguresnotsustainableforus,thefishortheenvironmentasawhole.Cellularseafoodcouldbetheanswer.Justdon’tmakethemistakeofcallingitlab-grownfish.‘‘Noneofusintheindustrywouldcallitlab-grownseafood,”saysMikeSelden,CEOofFinlessFoods.‘‘FinlessFoodsisn’tlab-grown.Weexperimentandcreateourscienceinthelab,butdon’tproducethere.Ourproductscomefromaproductionbasemuchlikeafarmasaproductionbaseforanimals.’’FinlessFoodsisatechcompanyinSanFrancisco.Beginningin2017,it’sbeenworkingtobringtomarketaspeciesofculturedbluefintuna(藍鰭金槍魚)createdusingcellulartechnology.Shortlyafterthat,thecompanyproduceditsfirstpoundofbluefintunameatforacostofabout$19,000.Sincethen,however,it’sbeenthefirstbattletobringthatpricedown.SeldentermswhatFinlessFoodsisdoingas‘‘cell-basedseafood’’.‘‘We’regrowingseafoodfromrealseafoodcells,’’Seldenexplained.‘‘Wetakecellsfromafishonce,andthengrowthemendlesslyfromthat.Wedothesameprocessthathappensinsideofafishandmakeithappenoutsideofafish.”Thegoalofcellularseafoodisn’ttoentirelydestroythecurrentseafoodindustry.Instead,it’sintendedtoaugmentit—andperhapstohelpreducesomeofthemoreharmfulaspectsofcurrentfishingpracticeslikeoverfishingandillegalfishing.Andwhenitcomestocertainseaspecies,thislaboratory-basedapproachcouldhelpcreateaplentifulsupplyofcertainfishwithoutendangeringthesurvivalofcertainoverfishedspeciesasawhole.33．Whatisthemainfunctionofthesecondparagraph?A．Warningusoftheshrinkingseafoodsupplies.B．Stressingthesignificanceofcellularseafood.C．Analyzingthereasonsforglobaloverfishing.D．Showingtheenvironmentaleffectofseafood.34．Whatisthetoppriorityofproducingcellularseafood?A．Cuttingdownthehighcostofproduction.B．Enrichingthenutrientcontent.C．Reducingharmfulhealtheffect.D．Simplifyingtheproductionprocess.35．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Cellularseafoodisn’tlab-grownfoodbecauseit