Unit4課時1Reading（分層作業(yè)）

Unit4Inventions課時1Reading分層作業(yè)核心知識速記04拓展培優(yōu)01基礎(chǔ)達標07思維進階02能力提升 詞匯詞匯wheeln.輪，車輪centraladj.在中心的althoughconj.雖然；盡管attachv.把…附上pullv.拉、拽internationaladj.國際的techniquen.技巧doubtn.疑問personallyadv.就個人意見dependon依賴句型1.Althoughthismeantthatpeoplecouldtravelfurtherandfaster,transportinglargeamountofgoodswasstilladifficultjob.盡管這意味著人們能夠更遠更快地旅行，運輸大量貨物仍然是一項艱難的工作。一、單詞默寫。一、單詞默寫。1._______/wi:l/n.輪；車輪 2.________/??l'e??/conj.雖然；盡管；即使3.__________/'sentr?l/adj.在中心的 4.________/p?l/v.拉；拽；扯；拖 5._______/??nt?'n??n?l/adj.國際的 6.________/d?'pend/v.需要；依靠7.________8.________7.________/da?t/n.疑惑；疑問8.________/'p?:s?n?li/adv.就個人意見【答案】wheel；although；central；pull；international；depend;doubt;personally二、詞組默寫。1.決定做某事_______________________ 2.步行_______________________3.繼續(xù)做某事_______________________4.發(fā)生_______________________5.把…固定到…上___________________6.國際貿(mào)易_______________________7.依賴于_______________________ 8.毫無疑問_________________【答案】1.decidetodosth.;2.onfoot;3.continuedoing;4.takeplace;attach...to...attach...to...;6.internationaltrade;7.dependon;8.withoutdoubt三、根據(jù)要求完成句子1.人們互相依賴。People________________________?2.Sam把自行車拴在了樹上。Sam________hisbike__________________.3.后來，他們意識到他們可以使用輪子運輸人和貨物。Later,they________thattheycouldusewheels______________peopleandthings.4.這一發(fā)明提高了國內(nèi)和國際的貿(mào)易。Thisinvention__________________and_____________trade.5.結(jié)果，在輪子被發(fā)明后，第一條石子路出現(xiàn)了。________________,thefirstroad___________stoneappearedafterthearrivalofthewheel.6.毫無疑問，輪子是史上最重要的發(fā)明之一。____________,thewheelisoneof_________________________________ofalltime.7.冒險故事發(fā)生在哪里？Wheredidtheadventures____________?8.他每天步行去學校。He______________________________everyday.【答案】1.dependoneachother；2.attached;tothetree；3.realized;totransport；4.increased;national；international5.Asaresult;madeof；6.Withoutdoubt;themostimportantinventions；7.takeplace；8.goestoschoolonfoot四、用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當形式填空。1.Becarefulwithyour____________(personally)information.2.Wecangoforawalkin________(center)park.3.Hedecided__________(have)arestafterthelongjourney.4.Thephotowasprintedonallthe___________(nation)newspapers.5.Wheelsallowinventors__________(build)alltypesofmachines.【答案】personal；central；tohave；national；tobuild五、閱讀短文，用所給詞適當形式填空。Embroidery(刺繡)wasoftenregardedas“women’swork”inthepast.Anditwasnotmonforaboy1(learn)it.Therefore,FuJian’sparentsdidn’twant2(he)toworkinthisindustryatfirst.ButFudidn’tcare.Hebelievedhecoulddoitwell.FuwasbornintoanembroideryfamilyinYangzhou.Hismotheris3mastercraftswoman(女工匠)ofSuzhouembroidery.Fufellinlovewiththisbeautifulartwhenhewasfouryearsold.Inhislastyearofhighschool,Fusethislifegoal4(clear).“Althoughmanypeopleknowaboutthistraditionalart,Iwanttohelpthemlearn5(much)aboutit,”hesaid.After6(graduate)fromcollege,FuandhismotherbuiltaresearchcenterofSuzhouembroidery.Sincethen,he7(invent)manynewstitches(針法).Hehasalsotrainedmany8(worker).Fuspendsalotoftime9hisworks.Evenso,heenjoysit.“Ioftenworklateintomidnight,10Ineverfeeltired.Ithinkthat’sbecauseI’mdoingwhatIlove,”saidthe37yearold.【答案】1．tolearn2．him3．a(chǎn)4．clearly5．more6．graduating7．hasinvented8．workers9．on10．but【導語】本文講述了付健對刺繡的熱愛和自身的努力，他發(fā)明了許多新針法，培訓了許多刺繡工人。1.句意：男孩學習刺繡并不常見。itisadj.todosth“做某事……”,動詞不定式作真正的主語，故填tolearn。2.句意：因此的父母起初不想讓他從事這個行業(yè)。動詞后用人稱賓格，故填him。3.句意：母親是蘇州刺繡的女工匠大師。根據(jù)“mastercraftswoman”可知，不定冠詞表示泛指，master是輔音音素，a符合句意，故填a。4.句意：高中最后一年，傅明確了自己的人生目標。根據(jù)“sethislifegoal”可知，副詞修飾動詞，clearly符合句意，故填clearly。5.句意：雖然很多人知道這門傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)，但我想幫助他們更深入了解它。根據(jù)“helpthemlearn”可知，了解更多，需要比較級，more符合句意，故填more。6.句意：此后他發(fā)明了許多新針法，還培養(yǎng)了許多工人。根據(jù)“Sincethen”可知，時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時，主語是單數(shù)，hasinvented符合句意，故填hasinvented。7.句意：在大學畢業(yè)之后，傅堅和媽媽創(chuàng)建了一個蘇繡研究中心?！癆fter”是個介詞，后接動詞ing形式。8.句意：他還培養(yǎng)了許多工人。根據(jù)“many”可知，后接名詞復數(shù)，workers符合句意，故填workers。9.句意：傅在作品上花費大量時間。spendtimeonsth.“在……花了時間”,固定搭配。故填on。10.句意：我經(jīng)常工作到深夜，但從不覺疲憊。前后兩句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，but符合句意，故填but。六、閱讀還原。Dogsareourfriends.Theyarealwayswithusontheearth.1.______Dogsaresmartandcute.Someofthemarebigandsomearesmall,buttheyareallgoodatrunning.Theyarefunnyandtheyliketoplaywithpeople.2.______Whetherwearehappyornot,theyarealwayswithus.Butforbadpeopleorstrangers(陌生人),theycanbeveryscary.3.______Therearemanykindsofdogsandmostofthemareusefultous.Asheepdogcanhelpthefarmers.Awatchdogcankeepourhousessafe.4.______Andaguidedogcanhelpblindpeoplewalk.Petdogsareourfavorites.Theyarereallycuteandbringusmuchfun.Dogsaregreatanimals.5.______A．Dogscanhelpusalot.B．Whydowelikethemsomuch?C．Apolicedogcanhelpthepolicewiththeirwork.D．Weshouldlovethem.E．Dogsarefaithful(忠誠的)andfriendlytousF.Mymother’sfavouriteanimalsaredogs,too.【答案】BEACD【解析】試題分析：這篇短文主要講述環(huán)保問題，文章介紹，加拿大的一名高中生丹尼爾通過實驗發(fā)明了一種能讓塑料袋化解的辦法。這也讓他獲得了許多獎金。1.根據(jù)下文Itisreportedthatittakes100200yearstobreakdowntheplasticbagspletely的描述可知，因為它很難化解，所以叫做“白色污染”。故應(yīng)選B.2.根據(jù)前文Theideaoftheinventionesfromhishousework的描述可知，丹尼爾經(jīng)常幫助媽媽做家務(wù)。故應(yīng)選E,3.根據(jù)前文whenheopensthecloset,theplasticbagsflyout.Thismakeshimveryangry的描述可知，由于塑料袋到處飛，因此丹尼爾考慮如何解決塑料袋問題。故選A。4.根據(jù)下文Theexperimentalsoshowedthattheplasticbagscouldbebrokendowninthreemonths的描述可知，丹尼爾做的另一個實驗也表明塑料袋可以在3個月內(nèi)化解。故選C.5.聯(lián)系上下文的描述可知，丹尼爾用發(fā)明得來的錢上了大學，同時在大學里也得到了許多獎金，故應(yīng)選D.考點：科普環(huán)保類短文閱讀七、閱讀理解。InancientChina,therewasastoryabouttheinventionofsilk.PeoplebelievedthatsilkwasfirstinventedbyLeizu,thewifeoftheYellowEmperor.Leizulearnedhowtomakecocoons(蠶繭)intosoftandstrongcloth.Thisclothbecameknownas“silk”.DuringtheHanDynasty,abraveofficerZhangQiantraveledwesttoCentralAsiaandbroughtsilkthere.Asyearspassedby,silkbecamesoimportantthatthetraderoadfromEuropetoChinagotitsname—theSilkRoad.TheSilkRoadbecameabusyhighwayfortraderswhocarriedthingsacrossdesertsandmountains.FromChina,peoplesoldsilkandtea.Inreturn,theyreceivedtreasuressuchasspices(香料),goldandsilverfromtheWest.Attheverybeginning,itwasmainlyabouttrade;thenpeoplebegantoshareideas,technologiesandcultures.Forexample,ChineseinventionslikepapermakingwerespreadtotheWest,whilenewideasaboutmathandsciencecametoChina.Mostimportantly,theSilkRoadhelpeddifferentcultureslearnfromeachother.Art,musicandevenlanguageweresharedalongthisancientroad.InplacesliketheDunhuangGrottoes(敦煌石窟)inChina,youcanseehowartbined(融合)EasternandWesternstylesintosomething

distinctive.Itcannotbeseenanywhereelse.ThestoryoftheSilkRoadtellsushowpeoplefromfarawaylandscouldbeefriendsthroughtradeandsharedideas.TheSilkRoadshowsushowimportantitistolearnaboutandrespecteachother’straditions,andthatdifferentculturescanworktogethertocreateamazingthings.()1.WhoinventedsilkinancientChina?A．Leizu. B．Thekings. C．ZhangQian. D．TheYellowEmperor.()2.WhatwasspreadfromChinatotheWestaccordingtoparagraph3?A．Silkandgold. B．Teaandpapermaking.C．Spicesandsilver. D．Newideasofscience.()3.Whatistherightorderofthefollowingfactsfromthepassage?①ZhangQiantraveledwestwithsilk.②ArtandlanguageweresharedalongtheSilkRoad.③TradersfromChinaandtheWestexchangedthings.④TheChinesewereorderedtokeepthesecretofmakingsilk.A．①→④→③→② B．①→③→④→② C．④→①→③→② D．④→③→②→①()4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“distinctive”meaninparagraph4?A．Special. B．Public. C．Popular. D．Strong.()5.WhatdoesthestoryoftheSilkRoadmainlytellus?A．Thechangeofworldtrade. B．Theintroductionofsilkcloth.C．Theinfluenceoftechnologyinhistory. D．Theimportanceofcrossculturalmunication.【答案】ABCAD【解析】【導語】本文介紹了絲綢之路的由來以及跨文化交流的重要性。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“PeoplebelievedthatsilkwasfirstinventedbyLeizu,thewifeoftheYellowEmperor.”可知絲綢是嫘祖發(fā)明的。故選A。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“FromChina,peoplesoldsilkandtea.Inreturn,theyreceivedtreasuressuchasspices,goldandsilverfromtheWest.”和"Forexample,ChineseinventionslikepapermakingwerespreadtotheWest,"可知絲綢、茶葉和造紙從中國運到西方。故選B。3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Followingkings’orders,theChinesekeptthesecretofmakingsilkforcenturies."可知絲綢制作方法一直是保密的，即④,直到后來“DuringtheHanDynasty,thebraveofficerZhangQiantraveledwestasfarasCentralAsiaandbroughtsilkthere."張騫把絲綢帶去西方，即①,然后開始有絲綢之路。故選C。4.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“youcanseehowartpiecesbinedEasternandWesternstylesintosomethingdistinctive.”可知中西方文化融合會出來特殊的東西。故選A。5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ThestoryoftheSilkRoadtellsushowpeoplefromfarawaylandscouldbeefriendsthroughtradeandsharedideas.”可知絲綢之路的故事告訴我們以前的人們會通過貿(mào)易和分享成為朋友，因此介紹了跨文化交流的重要性。故選D。八、完形填空。Manyofthemostusefulthingsarounduswereinventedbymistake,suchastheVelcroTMstrip(維可牢尼龍搭扣),potatochipsandteawereaccidents.TheVelcroTMstripwas1.________inAustriabyamountaineercalledGeorgedeMestral,andonedayin1949,whenhetookhisdogforawalk,thedogpickedupmanyburrs(芒).Georgetriedtopullthemoutbutdidn’tsucceed.Whenhegothome,heputoneoftheburrsunderhismicroscopeandsawthatitwascoveredintinyhooks(鉤)whichmadeitso2.________toremovetheburrsfromhisdog.Thisgavehimthe3.________,andsoonVelcroTMstripwasborn.Thepotatochipwasinventedin1853byGeorgeCrum,a4.________whoworkedinarestaurantinAmerica.Oneday,acustomerintherestaurantsentbackhisplateoffriedpotatoesbecausetheywerecuttoo5.________.Georgewassoangrythathecutapotatointoverythinslicesandfriedthem.Thenheputlotsofsaltonthem.He6.________thatthecustomerwouldhatethem,butthecustomerlovedthemandaskedformore.Themost7.________drinkintheworld,afterwaterofcourse,istea.It’sanothermonthingthatwasinvented8.________.ItwasinventedinChinaaround5,000yearsagobyaChineseemperorcalledShenNong.Theemperorwasboilingwatertodrinkoveranopenfirewhensomeleavesfellintothewaterfromanearbyplant.Theemperor9.________thattheleavesinthewaterproducedapleasantsmell.Hetastedthehotwaterandfounditwasquitedelicious.Andthisisthe10.________thatteawasinvented.()1.A．used B．shared C．sold D．invented()2.A．nervous B．difficult C．dangerous D．boring()3.A．a(chǎn)dvice B．hope C．test D．idea()4.A．cook B．waiter C．cleaner D．manager()5.A．small B．big C．thick D．thin()6.A．thought B．regretted C．imagined D．explained()7.A．expensive B．popular C．interesting D．delicious()8.A．gradually B．directly C．a(chǎn)ccidentally D．suddenly()9.A．noticed B．ordered C．knew D．said()10.A．place B．plan C．time D．way【答案】DBDACABCAD【解析】【導語】本文介紹了一些因意外發(fā)明的事物，如維可牢尼龍搭扣，薯片和茶，并講述了發(fā)明過程。1.句意：維可牢尼龍搭扣是在奧地利由一位名叫喬治·德·梅斯特拉爾的登山者發(fā)明的。used使用；shared分享；sold售賣；invented發(fā)明。根據(jù)“whenhetookhisdogforawalk,”可知，下文講述了尼龍搭扣發(fā)明的過程，故選D。2.句意：當他回到家，他把其中一根芒刺放在顯微鏡下觀察，發(fā)現(xiàn)它布滿了微小的鉤子，這使得把芒刺從他的狗身上弄下來變得非常困難。nervous緊張的；dificult困難的；dangerous危險的；boring無聊的。根據(jù)“Georgetriedtopullthemoutwithoutmuchsuccess.”可知，移除芒刺是困難的，故選B。3.句意：這給了他這個想法，很快維可牢尼龍搭扣就誕生了。advice建議；hope希望；test測試；idea想法。根據(jù)“soonVelcroTMstripwasborn”可知，此處指觀察芒刺讓喬治產(chǎn)生了發(fā)明尼龍搭扣的想法，故選D。4.句意：薯片是1853年由在美國一家餐廳工作的廚師喬治·克倫發(fā)明的。cook廚師；waiter服務(wù)員；cleaner清潔工；manager經(jīng)理。根據(jù)“Georgewassoangrythathecutapotatointoverythinslicesandfriedthem.Thenheputlotsofsaltonthem.”可知，喬治的工作是廚師，故選A。5.句意：一天，餐廳里的一位顧客退回了他的一盤炸土豆，因為它們切得太厚了。small小的；big大的；thick厚的；thin薄的。根據(jù)“Hecutapotatointoverythinslices”可知，他把土豆切得很細，說明之前切得厚，顧客不滿意，故選C。6.句意：他認為顧客會討厭它們，但顧客很喜歡并要求再來一些。thought認為；regretted后悔；imagined想象；explained解釋。根據(jù)“thecustomerwouldhatethem,”可知，此處表示他的想法，他認為顧客會不喜歡切得很細的土豆，故選A。7.句意：世界上除了水之外最受歡迎的飲品是茶。expensive昂貴的；popular受歡迎的；interesting有趣的；delicious美味的。根據(jù)“drinkintheworld,afterwaterofcourse,istea”并結(jié)合常識可知，茶應(yīng)該是被人們廣泛接受的，也就是受歡迎的，故選B。8.句意：它是另一種偶然被發(fā)明出來的常見物品。gradually逐漸地；directly直接地；accidentally偶然地；suddenly突然地。根據(jù)“Manyofthemostusefulthingsarounduswereinventedbymistake."并結(jié)合下文可知，茶也是偶然發(fā)明，故選C。9.句意：這位帝王注意到水中的樹葉散發(fā)出宜人的氣味。noticed注意到；ordered命令；knew知道；said說。根據(jù)“theleavesinthewaterproducedapleasantsmell"”可知，此處是注意到茶葉的氣味，故選A。10.句意：這就是茶被發(fā)明的方式。place地方；plan計劃；time時間；way方式。根據(jù)“teawasinvented.”可知，這里說這是發(fā)明茶的方式，故選D。AnewinventioninChinaPart1:ReadandExploreWeallknow“FourGreat

Inventions”inancientChinaareimportantsymbolsofthecountry.NowChinahasnew“FourGreat

Inventions”.Theyarechangingpeople’slivesinChinaandmaybeallovertheworld.Andmobilepaymentisoneofthem.Themobilepaymentwasfirstusedin2004andwidelyusedin2013.Now,mobilepaymenthasbeeapartofChinesepeople’severydaylife.It’sawaytomakepaymentsbyusingamobiledevice.Withmobilepayment,there’snoneedtocarrymoneybecauseeverythingcanbedonesimplyonthephone.Thismethodofpaymentisbeingincreasinglypopular,especiallyinChina.TherearetwomainmobilepaymentservicesthataremonlyusedbypeopleinChina.“Mywalletisnolongerinuse.Icanbuyandeatanythingwithmysmartphone,”saidLin,“Nowpeoplecanevenpaybytheirfacesorhands.”Peoplethinkthiskindoftechnologymakestheirlivesmuchmoreconvenient.Withmobilepayment,lotsoftransactions(交易)canbedoneinseconds.Thisisusefulinbusyenvironmentslikemarketsorduringonlineshopping.However,therearealsosomeconcerns(顧慮)withmobilepayment.Peopleworryaboutthesafetyoftheirperson