春季高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法精講

1、5. What a wonderful time we had at the dinner party! =We had a wonderful time at the dinner party. 感嘆句what+名詞 how+形容詞 time 時(shí)光，是一名詞，所以是用what 我們?cè)谕頃?huì)度過(guò)了一個(gè)多么精彩的時(shí)光呀! 或用How wonderful the time we had at the dinner party!,what與how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，一般情況下可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換，轉(zhuǎn)換后意義不變。如： What an interesting story it is!=How interesting

2、the story is! What a beautiful bulding it is!=How beautiful the building is!,1. What+a(an)+（形容詞）+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！如： What an apple this is! What a fine day it is! 2. What+(形容詞）+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！ What kind women they are! What nice music it is!,how用來(lái)修飾形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：How+形容詞（副詞）+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！ How hard the work

3、er are working! How clever the girl is! How quickly the boy is writing! 注意：當(dāng)how修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不跟著感嘆詞提到主語(yǔ)之前。 How (quickly) the runner runs!,6. When he came in，I happened to be lying on the bed，reading. 他進(jìn)來(lái)的時(shí)候，我碰巧正躺在床上看書(shū)。 動(dòng)詞不定式進(jìn)行式的用法 動(dòng)詞不定式進(jìn)行式表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。如： He seems to be recovering. 他看來(lái)正在康復(fù)。,7.Do

4、nt leave your work half done. 工作不要半途而廢。 9. do sb. a favor= give sb. a lift 幫助某人 Can you help me?= Can you do me a favor? = Can you give me a lift? 10.Do you think the reason why he changed his mind is believable? 你認(rèn)為他改變主意的原因是可信的嗎？ The reason why he changed his mind is believable.,12.The students in

5、our school each have an English dictionary. = The students in our school have an English dictionary each. each用于復(fù)數(shù)名詞后面還是取決于名詞 把它放在前面則要用單數(shù)，如Each of the students in our school has an English dictionary.,13. The weather being fine, they decided to go out for a long walk. 【獨(dú)立主格】 因?yàn)檫@一句中，主句是 they decided

6、to go out for a long walk句子的主語(yǔ)是they,前半句是表示一種伴隨情況，做伴隨狀語(yǔ) 但由于它也有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)weather,這就出現(xiàn)了邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子主語(yǔ)不一致的問(wèn)題 遇到這種情況需要使用一種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)-獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)： 即有自己主語(yǔ)的狀語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)或從句，此時(shí)需將短語(yǔ)或從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞改為分詞形式。,這句話來(lái)自： Because the weather was fine, they decided to go out for a long walk. 將原先的謂語(yǔ)“was“變成它的現(xiàn)在分詞形式“being”，表主動(dòng)。,14.Whoever told you that was

7、lying. 誰(shuí)告訴你這個(gè)，誰(shuí)就在撒謊。 Whoever = anyone who 任何人 Anyone (who told you that = 定語(yǔ)從句) was lying.,7. B at the meeting encouraged all of us. A. He being praisedB. His having been praised C. He having been praised praised D. For him to have praised,答案：選B項(xiàng)，為動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作主語(yǔ)。 動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 物主代詞或名詞所有格加動(dòng)名詞，構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。 在動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，物主代詞或名詞所有格是邏輯上的主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞是邏輯上的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。這種結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。如： Your going there will help a lot.你到那里對(duì)事情將大有幫助。(your going there作主語(yǔ)) Do you mind my smoking?我可以抽煙嗎?(my smoking作mind的賓語(yǔ)),8. Each time _/_ they met, they