必修四unit3Learningaboutlanguage現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語.ppt

1、現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）作狀語,現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語,現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí), 分詞的邏輯主語必須是 句子的主語, 分詞必須和句中的主語含有邏輯 上的主謂關(guān)系,重點(diǎn)要注意現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)的時(shí)態(tài) 和語態(tài)的變化:,主動(dòng)形式 被動(dòng)形式 (not) doing (not) being done (not) having done (not) having been done,一般式,完成式,即：注意現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)的 主動(dòng)形式（否定？ 完成？）和被動(dòng)形式（否定？完成？）,Hearing the bell, the students began to enter the classroom. 聽見鈴聲, 學(xué)生們開始走進(jìn)教室

2、。 (聽見和進(jìn)入兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生),Having done the work, he went home. 完成了工作, 他就回家了。,現(xiàn)在分詞在句中作狀語, 修飾謂語動(dòng)詞或 整個(gè)句子, 表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的原因、時(shí)間、 方式、結(jié)果、條件、伴隨狀況等?，F(xiàn)在 分詞一般不用作表目的地狀語(通常用 不定式表目的地狀語)。,Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine. (=When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.),While wait

3、ing for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily. (=While he was waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.),1)作時(shí)間狀語：現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與主句的動(dòng)作如果是同時(shí)發(fā)生，可由連詞when, while引出。,Having finished the work , he went to see his teacher. = After he had finished the work, he went to 完成這次工作后， 他去看望他的老師。 被欺騙了很多次后， 她不再相

4、信他了。 Having been cheated many times, she didnt believe him any more. =After she had been cheated many times, she,2) 作原因狀語 Being ill, he didnt go to school. (=As he was ill, he didnt go to school.),由于想到他或許在家, 所以我就給他打了電話。,Thinking he might be at home, I called him. (=As I thought he might be at home,

5、I called him.),沒有收到兒子的信，母親很焦急。(receive) _her sons letter, the mother felt anxious.,(=Since you are a student, you should study hard.) _, you should study hard.,既然你是一個(gè)學(xué)生, 你就應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。,Not receiving,Being a student,3)作方式、伴隨情況的狀語: 作伴隨狀語的 分詞表示的動(dòng)作, 必須是主語的一個(gè)動(dòng)作, 或是與謂語所表示地動(dòng)作(或狀態(tài))同時(shí)發(fā)生, 或是對(duì)謂語表示的動(dòng)詞(或狀態(tài))作進(jìn)一步 地補(bǔ)充說明

6、。,He sat on the sofa, watching TV. (=He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.),他們笑著談著走進(jìn)了教室。,_ , they went into the classroom.,他斜靠(lean)著墻站著。,(He stood and leaned against the wall.) He stood_.,Laughing and talking,leaning against the wall,_, the young people started walking slowly.年輕人跟在老人的后面開始慢慢地走起來。,Foll

7、owing the old man,4) 作結(jié)果狀語 She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces. 她非常生氣，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。,全國(guó)到處在傳唱這首歌曲, 使它成了一首最受 歡迎的歌曲。(make) The song is sung all over the country, _.,making it the most popular song,It rained heavily，_ severe flooding in that town. 那個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)雨下得很大，導(dǎo)

8、致了洪災(zāi)。(result) His father died, _a lot of money. 他父親死了，留給他許多錢。,resulting in,leaving him,5) 作條件狀語,Using your head, you will find a way. = Use your head , and you will find a way. =If you use your head, you will find a way.,一直往前走, 你就會(huì)看到一座白色的房子。,_, you will see a white house.,Walking ahead,現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)與 過去分

9、詞(短語) 作狀語的區(qū)別: 比較:,Hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying. = If they heard the bad news, they,Given more attention, the trees could have grown better. = If the trees had been given more attention, the trees could have grown better.,_from the top of the building, we saw the house like a match

10、box. _from the top of the building, the house looks like a match box.,Seeing,Seen,see,獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu): 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)可以有自己獨(dú)立 的主語.這時(shí)主語常是名詞或代詞主格,置于分詞之前 I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head 我等汽車時(shí),一只鳥落到我頭上。 All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已經(jīng)賣光了,他們失望地離開了。 Time permittin

11、g, well do another two exercises. 如果時(shí)間允許, 我們將做另兩個(gè)練習(xí)。,1._, wed better take her to hospital. 母親生病了, 我們最后帶她去醫(yī)院. 2._, we had no trouble finding the strange cave. 由那個(gè)男孩帶路，我們很容易就找到了那奇 怪的洞。 3. _,they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow 如果天氣允許的話，他們將在明天組織一次海濱郊游。,Mother being ill,The boy leading the wa

12、y,Weather permitting,有時(shí)也可用with (without) +名詞(代詞賓格) +分詞形式。 With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他點(diǎn)著燈睡著了。 作獨(dú)立成分: Judging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor. 從外表看, 他一定是個(gè)演員。,Exercise: 1. They set out _ for the _ boy. A. searching; losing B. searching; lost C. to search; lost D. searched; l

13、osing 2. The student sat there, _ what to do. A. doesnt knowing B. didnt knowing C. not know D. not knowing,B,D,現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面 加not (never),3. He sat there _ , with his head on his hand. A. and think B. thinking C. thought D. being thought 4. The _ Prime Minister expressed his satisfaction wit

14、h his talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. visiting; add B. visited; adding C. visiting; adding D. visited; added,B,C,5. In winter steam can be seen _from wet clothes _near a fire. A. rising, hanging B. rising, to hang C. rise, hanging D. to rise, to hang 6. I couldnt do my homework with a

15、ll that noise _. A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on 7. Yesterday Professor Li received a letter from one of his friends, _ him to write an article, and he accepted. A. having invited B. invited C. to be invited D. inviting,A,A,D,8. Finding her car stolen, _. A. a policeman was asked to he

16、lp B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help 9. _, the boy couldnt enter his house. A. Since the key has lost B. The key been lost C. Lost the key D. Having lost the key,D,D,10. The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech

17、 for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing 11. European foot ball is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make,B,A,12. “Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C

18、. angrily point D. and angrily pointing,A,13. _ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received,C,14. _ his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill. A. Not knowing B. knowing not C. Not having known D. H

19、aving not known,A,1. The secretary worked late into the night, _a long speech for the president. (NMET91) A. To prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing 2. European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. (NMET 98) A. Making B. makes C. made D. to make,

20、高考鏈接,B,現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語,A,現(xiàn)在分詞表結(jié)果狀語,3. “Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice. (NMET93) A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily point D. and angrily pointing,A,現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語,4. _ a reply, he decided to write again.(NMET92) Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received 5. _ his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill. (1991上海) Not knowing B. knowing not C. Not having known D. Having not known,C,A,現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語, 分詞結(jié)構(gòu)中否定詞 通常放在現(xiàn)在分詞前面。,作原因狀語,6. While watching television, _. (NMET2005)