the life of samuel johnson 課文講解

1、unit 8,the life of samuel johnson,who is he?,born 29 october ,1740 edinburgh, scotland died 19 may ,1795 (aged54) london, england occupations lawyer, diarist, author language english nationality british ethnicity scottish notable works the life of samuel johnson,james boswell,regarded as an importan

2、t stage in the development of the modern genre of biography; claimed as the greatest biography written in english.,a brief introduction of samuel johnson,one of englands best known literary figures of 18c.,a dictionary of the english language,18inches (46 cm) tall 20inches (51 cm) wide 42,773 entrie

3、s, to which only a few more were added in subsequent editions sold for the extravagant price of 4 10s, perhaps the rough equivalent of 350 today,4 pounds 10 shillings (20 shillings make pound),currently selling for $29,500 in new york,the life of samuel johnson,literary quotation,useful expressi-ons

4、,beautiful sentences,summary,outline,contents,outline,(para.1) (para.24) (para.57) (para . 8-9),introduction of the relationship between johnson and lord chesterfield.,johns reaction to the essays: wrote a letter to criticize lord chesterfield .,description of lords recommendation to johnsons dictio

5、nary.,influence of johnsons experience of being patronized which is reflected in his works.,1,2,3,4,literary quotations,1. “the conqueror of the conqueror of the earth”. 2. seven years 3. the shepherd in virgil,“the conqueror of the conqueror of the earth”.,“吾乃天下征服者之征服者也” ，最早是georges de scudery的史詩al

6、aric開篇第一行，后來評論家布瓦洛在他的詩藝中再次使用。之所以這樣使用是，作者希望具有純正高盧教養(yǎng)的伯爵一眼就能夠看出其中的內(nèi)涵。史詩中的章節(jié)一旦撥去上下文馬上會產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的諷刺共鳴(mock-epic resonance)，強(qiáng)化了反諷的效果，將一個(gè)不善言辭的書生和另一具有深厚文化傳統(tǒng)的貴族贊助人的形象對立起來比較。原本滿懷希望，以為可以成為人上人的“征服者”，一下子落魄到如此地步，使讀者也產(chǎn)生了深刻的同情之心，讓所謂的“贊助人”承受良心的折磨。,“seven years have now passed”,當(dāng)年著名的羅馬巨富、羅馬皇帝augustus的親密朋友、真正的文學(xué)贊助人米西納斯maec

7、enas（7-8bc），七年來一直默默而無私地贊助文學(xué)巨匠horace，完成他的史詩，而如今maecenas已經(jīng)成為慷慨的文學(xué)贊助人的代名詞。而約翰遜卻在七年中忍受著貧困、饑餓和喪偶帶來的煎熬。,the shepherd in virgil,the literary quotation originated from the song of damon, the 8th eclogue (田園詩) by virgil. in the poem, the shepherd damon sings a sad song of love and heartbreak. love is a perso

8、nification of the emotion, who, by living among the rocks, is proven to be a cruel and heartless character.,at the very beginning johnson admired lord chesterfield very much but finally he knew what kind of person chesterfield was. he was cold-hearted, not offering any help to me. 為了表達(dá)自己對伯爵“一往情深”的仰慕

9、，約翰遜引用了古羅馬詩人維吉爾詩中的牧童“發(fā)現(xiàn)愛神只不過是荒山野嶺中的野蠻人”的故事，用以喻指伯爵的鐵石心腸，是不通情理的人。,普布留斯維吉留斯馬羅（拉丁文：publius vergilius maro，常據(jù)英文virgil譯為維吉爾，前70年10月15日前19年9月21日），被譽(yù)為古羅馬最偉大詩人，留下了牧歌集（eclogues）、農(nóng)事詩（georgics）、史詩埃涅阿斯紀(jì)（aeneid）三部杰作，其中的埃涅阿斯紀(jì)長達(dá)十二冊，是代表著羅馬帝國的巨著。,useful expressions,1. repeat with additional circumstances 添油加醋 2. hold

10、 it as a well-known truth 認(rèn)為。眾所周知 3. there is not the least foundation for it 純屬無稽之談,4. studied compliments 精心推敲的恭維 5.nay more 不僅如此 6. make a total surrender of all my rights and privileges 完全放棄我的權(quán)利和特權(quán),7. the republic of letters 文學(xué)界 8. the previous perusal of 先睹為快,9. despise the honeyed words 鄙視這些甜言

11、蜜語 10. be the dupe of such an artifice 被這樣的伎倆所騙 11. make great professions 信誓旦旦,beautiful sentences,lord chesterfield, (to whom johnson had paid the high compliment of addressing to his lordship the plan of his dictionary,) had behaved to him in such a manner as to excite his contempt and indignatio

12、n. 約翰遜曾非常恭敬地將（詞典）的計(jì)劃書呈給切斯特菲爾德爵士，后者對約翰遜的表現(xiàn)引起了他的蔑視和憤慨。,aroused his anger and made him to look down upon him,attributive clause 定語從句,express respect or esteem for 恭敬地,speak to,i remember having mentioned this story to george lord lyttelton, who told me, he was very intimate with lord chesterfield; and

13、holding it as a well-known truth, defended lord chesterfield by saying, that “cibber, who had been introduced familiarly by the back-stairs, had probably not been there above ten minutes.” 我記得在喬治.洛德.利特爾頓面前提過這個(gè)故事,他說他和切斯特菲爾德爵士關(guān)系密切,利特爾頓為切斯特菲爾德爵士辯護(hù)說,西伯是熟悉從后面樓梯進(jìn)去的,在那里停留也許不超過十分鐘。,(george),it may seem stra

14、nge even to entertain a doubt concerning a story so long and so wildly current, and thus implicitly adopted, if not sanctioned, by the authority which i have mentioned; but johnson himself assured me, that there was not the least foundation for it.,to hold in mind; harbor: 抱著；懷有： eg. entertain few i

15、llusions. 幾乎不抱幻想,permitted, approved,wholly accepted,一個(gè)故事如此長久如此廣泛地流傳，雖然沒有我提到的權(quán)威人士的認(rèn)可， 卻如此毫無保留地被人們接受。（這樣的故事）如若受到懷疑，似乎很奇怪。,summary,therewasnottheleastfoundationforthewildlyspread,currentaboutjohnson, and lord chesterfield. however, chesterfields continued neglect was the reason why johnson resolved to have done with him. surprisingly, when the dictionary was upon the eve of publication, lord chesterfield had flattered himself with expectations that johnson would dedicate the great work. maybe his compliment was to make a compensation for his indifference to the dictionarys learne