京劇的英文介紹.ppt

1、The gem - Beijing Opera國粹京劇,The gem - Beijing Opera,Chinese traditional opera is considered one of the worlds three ancient operas, together with Greek tragedy and comedy, and Indian Sanskrit opera. Among the more than 360 ancient local operas in China, Peking Opera is known as Chinas national opera

2、, despite its comparatively young 200-year history.,Origin,京劇非“京” Although it is called Peking Opera, the origins of Peking Opera are not in Beijing but in the provinces of Anhui (East China) and Hubei (South-central China). Its rise is due in great part to the favorable eyes and patronage of the im

3、perial royalties. 京味道 Peking Opera is a purely Chinese opera form dating back to the year 1790, when the famous Four Anhui Opera Troupes first came to Beijing in celebration of the 80th birthday of Emperor Qianlong (1711-1799) of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). The tour was a hit and the troupes staye

4、d. In 1828, some famous Hubei Opera Troupe players came to Beijing.,The artists of Hubei and Anhui troupes often jointly performed on the stage and absorbed repertoires, music, arias and performing techniques of each other and from other operas like Kun Qu, Qin Qiang and Bang Zi, as well as the loca

5、l dialect and customs of Beijing. Its repertoires mainly depict fairy tales of preceding dynasties and important historical events.,湖北，安徽劇團(tuán)的藝術(shù)家經(jīng)常在舞臺上共同表演和吸收的劇目，在音樂，曲調(diào)和表演技巧方面與其它劇種相互吸收。如昆曲，秦腔和梆子，以及當(dāng)?shù)氐姆窖院捅本┖ｊP(guān)的表演技巧 。其劇目主要描繪古老神話故事和重要的歷史事件,It was after 1840 that Peking Opera formally took shape, growing e

6、ven faster during the reign of the Empress Dowager Cixi (1835-1908), who was an opera aficionado. Classic Peking Opera repertoires and the names of the first-generation masters were on the lips of the people in Beijing, and eventually prevalent around the country. 京劇是1840年以后正式形成了，慈禧太后（1835至1908年）是一個

7、歌劇愛好者，在位期間京劇發(fā)展得更快。經(jīng)典京劇劇目和第一代大師的名字，經(jīng)過人民的傳誦，并最終在全國各地普遍存在。,生Sheng: main male role,Four roles-,旦Dan: young and beautiful female,Four roles-,凈,Jing: painted faced male,Four roles-,丑,Chou: clown, male or female,Four roles-,Such reforms have taken the form of creating a school of performance theory to incr

8、ease performance quality, utilizing（利用） modern elements to attract new audiences, and performing new plays outside of the traditional canon. （打破陳規(guī)）,The development,In addition to more formal reform measures, Beijing opera troupes also adopted more unofficial changes. Some of those seen in traditiona

9、l works have been called technique for techniques sake. This has included the use of extended high pitch sequences by female Dan（旦）, and the addition of lengthier movement sections and percussion sequences to traditional works.,開拓市場 To survive in an increasingly open market, troupes like the Shanghai Jingju Company needed to bring traditional Beijing