高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題三閱讀理解第三節(jié)題組訓(xùn)練5說理議論課件.ppt

1、題組5說理議論,專題三閱讀理解第三節(jié)題組訓(xùn)練,A (2017和平區(qū)一模) William W.Purkey，a well-known professor of education，said，“Dance like no one is watching，love like youll never be hurt，sing like no one is listening，and live like its heaven on earth.” It seems like the perfect life philosophyand one Ive learned to apply to runni

2、ng over the year. But I didnt always feel this way.In my early days，when I weighed 240 pounds，I ran like everyone was watchingand judging.If I was on a run and saw a car approaching，Id stop and pretend I was looking for something Id lost.I bought the high-tech gear and clothes that I thought,would m

3、ake people believe I was a runner.And I didnt have a clue if the expensive shoes I was wearing were the right kind for meI just wanted to look like I fit in with this group. To be honest，I felt a certain satisfaction in believing that someone was watching.I really thought that other people cared abo

4、ut my performance.The best example of this was a combined，two-lap marathon in Florence，Italy.As I approached the finishing line，the crowd began to cheer.I was surprised.Here I was，thousands of miles from home，and the Italians were shouting for “IIPenguino”.,About 20 yards from the finishing，the trut

5、h set in when the winner of the full marathon went past me as I was finishing the half-marathon.No one was cheering for me.No one probably even noticed that I was finishing.I couldnt help but smile at my own illusion of self-importance. Thats when I realized I had been running for every reason excep

6、t the right one.I ran to make other people happy，ran to live up to their expectations.But no one was watching，no one cared.So I decided I was going to run for mejust meand gained a new enjoyment from the sport I hadnt truly experienced yet.Ive learned to run like no one is watching.,So if you see me

7、 at race，and I look like a 60-year-old guy waddling(蹣跚) along，dont worry.Im fine.The miracle isnt that I finished.The miracle is that I had the courage to start.,語篇解讀本文主要講述了作者最初跑步時(shí)是為了讓別人快樂，不辜負(fù)他們的期望。后來發(fā)現(xiàn)，跑步應(yīng)該享受運(yùn)動(dòng)帶來的快樂，該為自己而生活，不是愉悅他人。,1.The writer presents the passage by . A.telling his running storyB

8、.explaining a life philosophy C.listing some life rulesD.introducing quotations,解析寫作手法題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句可知，本文開篇引用了一個(gè)名人的名言來呈現(xiàn)該話題，故選D。,答案,解析,2,3,1,4,5,2.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that the writer . A.used sports clothes and shoes to attract attention B.was concerned about what others thought of her

9、 C.liked to be the focus of other runners D.struggled to find the right shoes to fit her,解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容可知，作者很胖的時(shí)候，跑步時(shí)總覺得別人在注視她，當(dāng)有車靠近時(shí)，她總會(huì)停下來假裝在找東西，后來還買了運(yùn)動(dòng)衣服以讓人們覺得她是一個(gè)專業(yè)的跑步者，由此可知，作者很在乎別人對(duì)她的看法，故選B。,答案,解析,2,3,1,4,5,解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段第二、三句“No one was cheering for me.No one probably even noticed that I w

10、as finishing.”可知，當(dāng)作者在跑步時(shí)，沒有人為她喝彩，快要跑完全程時(shí)，似乎也沒有人注意到，故選C。,3.When the writer was near the finishing line， . A.she smiled at her own achievement B.the crowd cheered for her madly C.nobody really cared about her running D.she realized the importance of confidence,答案,解析,2,3,1,4,5,4.Now the writer thought

11、the reason for running is to . A.live up to others expectations B.create a miracle in her own life C.enjoy the pleasure of running D.run like no one is watching,解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的“So I decided I was going to run for mejust meand gained a new enjoyment from the sport I hadnt truly experienced yet.”可

12、知，我決定我應(yīng)該為自己而奔跑，去享受運(yùn)動(dòng)給我?guī)淼目鞓?，故選C。,答案,解析,2,3,1,4,5,5.By telling her own story，the writer wanted to . A.tell us to live a life of our own B.inspire more people to run C.expect us to improve our health by running D.stress the importance of determination,解析寫作意圖題。本文主要講述了作者最初跑步時(shí)是為了讓別人快樂，不辜負(fù)他們的期望。后來發(fā)現(xiàn)，跑步應(yīng)該享

13、受運(yùn)動(dòng)帶來的快樂，該為自己而生活，不是愉悅他人。故選A。,答案,解析,2,3,1,4,5,B (2017天津五校聯(lián)考一模) In spite of sex discrimination of keeping women down，new research finds another aspect of womens characters：girls are more likely to talk about school successes than boys. Researchers from Hanover College and the University of Louisville

14、came to this conclusion.After all，girls are usually taught to be modest，instead of bragging.,Basically，girls share more because they believe that success in school is good and that theyll be socially rewarded for it.Girls think that talking about their academic successes will build friendships.Boys

15、seem to share less，because on average，they think its uncool to be good at school，and would prefer to become the class clown or something even if they really are smart.Because the trend starts as early as mid-childhood，theres a long time for these differences to affect motivation and actual school pe

16、rformance.,This trend continues all the way through college.Girls tend to be better at self-regulation than boys，which allows them to set academic goals，and achieve them.Girls find academic environments easier to control while boys higher energy levels and impulsiveness(易沖動(dòng))cause behavioral problems

17、 possibly contributing to the lower grades. Some aspects of the gender schooling gap are troubling.Especially as success depends more on educational attainment and qualifications and less on physical strength，boys who cant or wont do schoolwork put themselves at a disadvantage for life.On the other

18、hand，,there are new problems for adult females，though，and normal pride in girls turns into arrogance(傲慢) and bossy behavior in adult women.If women seem less proud of their accomplishments than they were as girls，it might just be a reasonable response to standards in the workplace.Women get worse pe

19、rformance reviews than men，like that youre “bossy” if youre over confident etc.,I would suggest that you channel your inner schoolgirl.In the workplace you cant stop obvious sex discrimination on your own，but you can learn to be proud of your accomplishments in a mature way.Whether others respond pr

20、operly to that or not，youll feel better about yourself at the end of the day.,語篇解讀研究表明女孩子比男孩子更容易談?wù)搶W(xué)業(yè)成就。,解析詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中的“.girls are more likely to talk about school successes than boys.”可知，女孩子比男孩子更有可能談?wù)撛趯W(xué)校的種種成就，而且bragging與前面的modest意義相反，不謙虛即為過度驕傲。故選A。,6.What does the underlined word “bragging” in the

21、second paragraph refer to? A.Talking too proudly.B.Speaking highly of. C.Paying more attention.D.Expressing dishonestly.,答案,解析,7,8,6,9,10,7.What can we know about girls? A.Girls dont like mentioning their academic successes. B.Girls consider their successes are beneficial to their friendship. C.Girl

22、s would like to act like a clown in class to be really cool. D.Girls find it much harder to control themselves than boys.,解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Girls think that talking about their academic successes will build friendships.”可知，女孩子認(rèn)為談?wù)搶W(xué)習(xí)上的成就可以建立友誼，故選B。,答案,解析,7,8,6,9,10,解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“.normal pride in gir

23、ls turns into arrogance(傲慢) and bossy behavior in adult women.”，即女孩子們正常的驕傲?xí)D(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槌赡昱缘陌谅?，可知選C。,8.What can we learn from Paragraph 5? A.Males success has no relation to their educational background. B.Males success relies on physical strength and less on education. C.Females normal pride maybe has a bad

24、 effect on themselves. D.Females pride easily makes them get better performance reviews.,答案,解析,7,8,6,9,10,9.What is the authors suggestion to adult females? A.Listen to what other schoolgirls around them are saying. B.Keep a normal attitude to their achievements in work. C.Be proud of their achievem

25、ents as they were young. D.Try to feel better about themselves at any place.,解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段首句“I would suggest that you channel your inner schoolgirl.”可知，作者建議成年女性要有正確的心態(tài)，故選B。,答案,解析,7,8,6,9,10,10.What is the main idea of the passage? A.Sex discrimination is not good for women. B.Educational attainment

26、 is not to boys advantage. C.Boys like to act as a class clown leading to bad grades. D.Girls pay more attention to academic successes than boys.,解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段以及最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了女孩子無論在學(xué)校還是在工作上都比男孩子更容易談?wù)摮删?，故選D。,答案,解析,7,8,6,9,10,C (2016南開區(qū)一模) Do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness，hap

27、piness，goodness，and self-respect？The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized as “honor” helps you create this life of good feelings. Heres an example to show how honorable actions create happiness. Say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item.If we keep silent，and profit from the cle

28、rks mistake，we would drive home with a sense of sneaky excitement.Later we might tell our family or friends about our good fortune.On the other hand，if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item，,the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty.We would leave the store with a quiet sense of

29、honor that we might never share with another soul. Then，what is it to do with our sense of happiness? In the first case，where we dont tell the clerk，a couple of things would happen.Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief.In the process，we would lose some peace of mind and self-re

30、spect.We would also demonstrate that we cannot be trusted，since we advertise our dishonor by telling our family and friends.We damage our own reputations by telling others.In contrast，bringing the error to the clerks attention causes different things to happen.Immediately the clerk knows us to be ho

31、norable.,Upon leaving the store，we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased.Whenever we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility. There is a beautiful positive cycle that is created by living a life of honorable actions.Honorable thoughts le

32、ad to honorable actions.Honorable actions lead us to a happier existence.And its easy to think and act honorably again when were happy.While the positive cycle can be difficult to start，once its started，its easy to continue.Keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind，which is important for o

33、ur happiness.,語篇解讀本文為議論文，題材為社會(huì)生活。本文的中心思想為“快樂源自我們自身的善舉”。,解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段尾句“We would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor.”和第五段倒數(shù)第二句“Upon leaving the store，we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased.”可知選A。,11.According to the passage，the positive action in the example contributes to our .

34、A.self-respect B.financial rewards C.advertising ability D.friendly relationship,答案,解析,12,13,11,14,15,12.The author thinks that keeping silent about the uncharged item is equal to . A.lying B.stealing C.cheating D.advertising,解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段第二句“Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thie

35、f.”可知作者認(rèn)為如果不說出實(shí)情，那就跟小偷沒有區(qū)別。,答案,解析,12,13,11,14,15,解析詞義猜測(cè)題。由語境可知畫線短語意為“提醒店員的失誤”，故選A。,13.The phrase “bringing the error to the clerks attention” (in Para.5) means “ ”. A.telling the truth to the clerk B.offering advice to the clerk C.asking the clerk to be more attentive D.reminding the clerk of the ch

36、arged item,答案,解析,12,13,11,14,15,解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段倒數(shù)第二、三句“Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable.Upon leaving the store，we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased.”可知答案選C。,14.How will we feel if we let the clerk know her mistake? A.Well be very excited. B.Well feel unfortunate. C.Well h

37、ave a sense of honor. D.Well feel sorry for the clerk.,答案,解析,12,13,11,14,15,15.Which of the following can be the best title of this passage? A.How to Live Truthfully B.Importance of Peacefulness C.Ways of Gaining Self-respect D.Happiness Through Honorable Actions,解析標(biāo)題歸納題。正如文章所述：快樂源自我們自身的善舉，故D為最佳標(biāo)題。,

38、答案,解析,12,13,11,14,15,D (2017南開區(qū)三模) Conventional wisdom is a major barrier to innovation(創(chuàng)新) that threatens the survival of companies everywhere.Its based on the assumption that old ideas will always work，so they shouldnt be challenged.While this may be a valid assumption in situations that dont chan

39、ge，its unlikely to hold true in a changing situation.In todays rapid changing global environment，old methods often dont work，and stubbornly using them can lead to major problems.,Most people seem to agree with conventional wisdom because it gives one a false sense of security.If everyone else believ

40、es it，then it must be true.Individuals who use conventional wisdom are certain that they are right，and being right is good.They want to continue using old ideas rather than take risks with changes that might not work.In 1977，Ken Olsen，co-founder and CEO of Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)，stated

41、“There is no reason for any individual to have a computer in his home”.Despite being a dominant leader in the computer industry，DEC no longer exists.People seem to forget that since innovation is a change，,there can be no innovation without change.Unfortunately，conventional wisdom prevents leaders，f

42、ollowers and companies from changing and therefore innovating.If companies dont innovate，but their competitors do，the future is likely to be problematic.Breaking from conventional wisdom has led to many of the most innovative companies and products in history across many industries,so it has a power

43、ful effect on business success. Ted Turner (founder of CNN) knew little，if anything，about the news business，but he knew it was inconvenient to watch news only at the dinner hour，as was common before CNN.Turners solution was to create a cable channel dedicated to news 24 hours a day.The news establis

44、hment reflected,conventional wisdom at the time，and predicted his idea would fail because no one wanted to watch the news all day.However，it doesnt take a rocket scientist to understand that viewers dont have to watch the news all day for the CNN to work.Viewers just have to watch when they want to

45、get information.Due to conventional thinking，the critics failed to recognize the opportunity that was clear to Ted.They assumed that only what was familiar to them could work in the future.,Conventional wisdom prevents creativity，flexibility and risk-taking，so unconventional leaders enthusiastically break from it.To survive，thrive and maintain competitive advantage，companies must be flexible when reacting to change.,語篇解讀本文是一篇議論文。作者主要論述了墨守成規(guī)是創(chuàng)新的主要障礙，它會(huì)威脅到一家企業(yè)的生存，同時(shí)指出勇于創(chuàng)新才是成功之道。,解析觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。全文字里行間都透著作者對(duì)墨守成規(guī)的批判，故選A。,16.The authors attitude to conventional wisdom is . A.disapprov