考點(diǎn)10 狀語從句-2018年中考英語語法考點(diǎn)縱覽

1、中考英語語法考點(diǎn)縱覽 10狀語從句一、狀語從句概述1、狀語從句的定義：狀語從句指用作狀語，起副詞作用的從句。2、狀語從句的分類：時間狀語從句、地點(diǎn)狀語從句、條件狀語從句、原因狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句、比較狀語從句、目的狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、方式狀語從句二、狀語從句考點(diǎn)縱覽考點(diǎn)一：時間狀語從句考點(diǎn)1：when, as和while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。 when, as和while引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句均表示“當(dāng)時候”。典型例句It was raining hard when I got to school yesterday. 當(dāng)我昨天到學(xué)校的時候正在下雨。While he was doing his

2、homework, the telephone rang. 當(dāng)他正在做作業(yè)的時候，電話響了。As he walked along the lake, he sang happily. 他一邊沿著湖邊走，一邊開心地唱著歌。 時間狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞while, when和as的區(qū)別。 when既可以指“時間點(diǎn)”,與瞬間動詞連用，也可以指“時間段”，與延續(xù)性動詞連用（=while）。如：When he came in, his mother was cooking. 當(dāng)他進(jìn)來的時候，他媽媽正在燒飯。When (While) we were at school, we went to the librar

3、y every day. 我們在學(xué)校的時候，我們每天都會去圖書館。 while表示時間段，因此，while從句的謂語動詞要用延續(xù)性動詞。另外while還可以表示對比。如：Please dont talk so loud while others are working. 別人在工作的時候請不要大聲說話。Toms brother was playing the computer games while Tom was studying hard. 湯姆的哥哥正在玩電腦游戲然而湯姆正在努力地學(xué)習(xí)。 as與when用法相似，但著重強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動作與從句動作同時發(fā)生，有“隨著”或“一邊一邊”之意。As y

4、ou get older, you get more knowledge. 隨著年齡的增長，你獲得的知識就越多。考點(diǎn)2：before“在之前”和after“在之后”引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。典型例句He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. 在來中國之前，他已經(jīng)學(xué)了點(diǎn)漢語了。After he had finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. 中學(xué)畢業(yè)后，他就去工廠上班了?？键c(diǎn)3：until/till“直到”引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。在帶有till或until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語

5、從句的主從復(fù)合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含義是“一直到時”，謂語動詞只能用延續(xù)性動詞。如果主句用否定式，其含義是“直到才”, “在以前不”, 謂語動詞可用瞬間動詞。典型例句The young man read till the light went out. 這個年輕人讀書一直讀到關(guān)燈。Lets wait until the rain stops. 讓我們等到雨停了吧。We wont start until Bob comes. 保羅來了我們才會開始。Dont get off until the bus stops. 直達(dá)公交車停了，再下車?？键c(diǎn)4：as soon as“一就”引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從

6、句。As soon as I arrive, I will call you. 我一到我就給你打電話。He will be happy as soon as he thinks of his childhood. 一想起他的童年，他就會很開心?？键c(diǎn)5：since“自從”引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。since引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，表示主句的動作，從過去的某一點(diǎn)時間持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，從句時態(tài)常用一般過去時，主句的時態(tài)一般用現(xiàn)在完成時。典型例句He has not written to me since he graduated from high school. 自從他中學(xué)畢業(yè)以來，一直沒有寫信給我。We have

7、 known each other since we came to the school two years ago. 自從兩年前來到學(xué)校以來，我們已彼此熟悉了?？键c(diǎn)6：在時間狀語從句里，通常不用將來時態(tài)，用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)表示將來的動作或狀態(tài)。典型例句Ill ring you up as soon as I get to New York. 我一到紐約，我就給你打電話。 I will tell him everything when he comes back. 當(dāng)他回來時，我會告訴你關(guān)于他的一切。He wont believe it until he sees it with his own e

8、yes. 只有他親眼看到，他才會相信?？键c(diǎn)二：條件狀語從句考點(diǎn)1：條件狀語從句通常由if“如果”, unless“除非”引導(dǎo)。典型例句What shall we do if it snows tomorrow? 如果明天下雪，我們怎么辦？ Dont leave the building unless I tell you to. 不要離開這棟樓除非我告訴你離開?？键c(diǎn)2：在條件狀語從句里，謂語動詞通常用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)表示將來的動作或狀態(tài)。典型例句Ill help you with your English if I am free tomorrow. 如果我明天有空，我就幫你學(xué)習(xí)英語。 He wont

9、 be late unless he is ill. 除非他生病，否則他不會遲到的。考點(diǎn)3：“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陳述句”在意思上相當(dāng)于一個帶有條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句。典型例句Hurry up, or youll be late. =If you dont hurry up, youll be late. 快點(diǎn)，不然你就遲到了。Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 努力學(xué)習(xí)，你就會通過這次考試?？键c(diǎn)三：地點(diǎn)狀語從句 考點(diǎn)1：地點(diǎn)狀語從句常常由where來引導(dǎo)

10、。Go where you like. 去你想去的地方。 Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成?？键c(diǎn)四：原因狀語從句 考點(diǎn)1：原因狀語從句通常由because, since, as和for引導(dǎo)。典型例句He didnt come to school because he was ill. 因?yàn)樯×?，所以他沒來上學(xué)。 As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo. 因?yàn)橄掠炅?，我們不去動物園了。Since you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone els

11、e. 既然你回答不了這個問題，我就問其他人了。He could not have seen me, for I was not there. 他不可能見過我， 因?yàn)槲也辉谀抢??？键c(diǎn)2：because,as,since和for 的區(qū)別。because用于表示直接原因，回答why提出的問題，語氣最強(qiáng)；as用于說明原因, 著重點(diǎn)在主句，常譯成“由于”；since表示顯然的或已知的理由或事實(shí)，常譯成“既然”；for表示原因時，只能放在主句之后，起到補(bǔ)充說明的作用。典型例句-Why didnt you go there? -Because I didnt want to. 你為什么沒去那里，因?yàn)槲也幌肴?/p>

12、。Water is very important because we cant live without it. 水非常重要因?yàn)槲覀兩铍x不開水。He didnt come yesterday as his mother was ill. 他昨天沒來，因?yàn)樗麐屔×?。Ill do it for you since you are busy. 既然你忙，我就幫你做吧。It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨天晚上肯定下雨了，因?yàn)榈厥菨竦?。考點(diǎn)3：because和so不能同時在一個句子中出現(xiàn)。Because he spend

13、s little time learning English, he fails in the exam.=He spends little time learning English, so he fails in the exam.因?yàn)樗苌倩〞r間學(xué)英語，所以考試沒過?？键c(diǎn)五：結(jié)果狀語從句 考點(diǎn)1：結(jié)果狀語從句由sothat, suchthat, so that引導(dǎo)。典型例句He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son. 他如此窮以至于他不能給他兒子買自行車。She is such a good teacher that everybo

14、dy likes her. 她是個如此好的老師，以至于每個人都很喜歡她。My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldnt see it. 我的鉛筆掉到桌子底下了，以至于我看不到它?？键c(diǎn)2：sothat與such.that可以互換。 在so.that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中，so是副詞，與形容詞連用。其結(jié)構(gòu)是: “.so + 形容詞（副詞）+ that + 從句”。典型例句He was so glad that he couldnt say a word. 他如此開心，以至于說不出話來了。The hall is so big that it can h

15、old 2,000 people. 大廳如此之大以至于可以容納二千人。Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her. 媽媽住的如此地遠(yuǎn)以至于我很少能見到他。 在suchthat引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中，such是形容詞，它修飾名詞。其結(jié)構(gòu)是： “.such + a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+ that + 從句”、“.such +形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+ that + 從句”和“.such +形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+ that + 從句”典型例句It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do an

16、ything. 天如此的熱以至于沒人想做事情。He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling. 他胳膊如此的長，以至于他可以夠到天花板。He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term exams. 他進(jìn)步很快，以至于他期中考試考的很好。 有時上述兩種結(jié)構(gòu)是可以互換的。典型例句It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.=The film was so

17、 wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.電影如此的好看，以至于我們都還想再看一遍。It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.這是一次非常重要的比賽，以至于沒人想錯過。考點(diǎn)3：如果名詞前由many, much, little, few等詞修飾時，只能用so, 不用such。典型例句There were so many deer that they ate

18、 up all the wild roses. 有如此多的鹿以至于它們吃完了所有的野玫瑰。He has so little time that he cant go to the cinema with you. 他幾乎沒有時間所以不能和你一起去看電影?？键c(diǎn)六：目的狀語從句考點(diǎn)1：目的狀語從句通常由 so that, in order that引導(dǎo)。典型例句We started early so that we could catch the first train. 我們出發(fā)的很早為了能夠趕上第一班火車。He studies hard so that he could find a good

19、 job in the future. 他學(xué)習(xí)很努力為了以后能夠找個好工作。We used the computer in order that we might save time. 我們用電腦為了節(jié)省時間?？键c(diǎn)2 ：so that既可引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，又可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。區(qū)別這兩種從句的辦法有兩個：目的狀語從句里往往帶有情態(tài)動詞can, could, may, might等。從意思上看，目的狀語從句往往表示的目的很明確。結(jié)果狀語從句前面有時會加上逗號。例如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的) Jack is badly

20、ill, so that he has to rest. (結(jié)果)考點(diǎn)七：讓步狀語從句考點(diǎn)1：though和although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句表示“雖然，縱然”之意。這兩個連詞意思大致相同，在一般情況下可以互換使用。在口語中，though較常使用，although比though正式，二者都可與yet或still連用，但不能與but連用。典型例句My will remain firm though I must lower my physical sights. 盡管我得降低體育（鍛煉）的目標(biāo)，但我的意志是堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的。Though I believe it,yet I must consider. 盡

21、管我相信這一點(diǎn)，但我還得考慮考慮。Although/Though he was exhausted,(still) he kept on working. 雖然他已經(jīng)精疲力竭了，但仍然繼續(xù)工作。Although/Though he is very old,(yet) he is quite strong. 他雖然年紀(jì)大了，身體還很健壯。考點(diǎn)2：even if和even though 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句表示“即使”，“縱使”之意。典型例句Well make a trip even if/though the weather is bad.即使天氣不好，我們也要作一次旅行。Even if he is

22、 poor,she loves him. 即使他很窮，但她還是愛他。Even though he is poor,she loves him. 盡管他很窮，但她還是愛他。He seemed youthful even though he was an old man. 盡管他已經(jīng)是老年人，但看上去仍然是朝氣蓬勃的?？键c(diǎn)3：whether.or.引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句表示“不論是否”，“不管是還是”之意。典型例句Youll have to attend the ceremony whether youre free or busy. 不管你忙不忙，都要參加這個典禮。Whether you believ

23、e it or not,its true. 無論你是否相信，這都是真的。Whether or not they win this battle,they wont win the war. 不管他們是否能贏得這次戰(zhàn)役，他們絕不會贏得這場戰(zhàn)爭。考點(diǎn)4：“no matter+疑問詞”或“疑問詞-ever”的含義為“無論都；不管都”。典型例句No matter what happened,he would not mind. =Whatever happened,he would not mind. 無論發(fā)生了什么事情，他都不會介意的。No matter who you are,you must k

24、eep the law. =Whoever you are,you must keep the law. 不管你是誰，你都需要遵紀(jì)守法。Whatever (=No matter what) you say, I wont believe you. 無論你說什么，我都不會相信你?？键c(diǎn)八：比較狀語從句考點(diǎn)1：比較狀語從句通常由asas, 比較級 + than等連詞引導(dǎo)。典型例句Tom runs faster than John does. 湯姆跑的比約翰快。 This classroom is as big as that one. 這個教室和那個一樣大?？键c(diǎn)九：方式狀語從句考點(diǎn)1：as或(jus

25、t) as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句通常位于主句后，意思是“正如”，“就像”。典型例句Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望人家怎樣待你，你就要怎樣待人。 As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我們離不開空氣，猶如魚兒離不開水。 Just as we sweep our rooms, we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. 正如打掃房屋一樣，我們也要掃除我們頭腦中落后的東西?？键c(diǎn)2：as if和as though引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，意為仿佛似的，

26、好像似的。典型例句They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed. 他們完全忽略了這些事實(shí)，就仿佛它不存在似的。He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting. 他那樣子就像被雷擊了似的。 It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. 看來天氣很快就會好起來。三、鞏固訓(xùn)練(2016常州市)1. - _will the discussion last?- we reach an agre

27、ement.A. How long; Not untilB. When;Not untilC. How long;UntilD. When;Until(2015常州市)2.-Jenny,will you leave for the USA now?-No. It will be two weeks_I leave here.A. until B. since C. before D. when(2013淮安市)3. Many people do not realize the importance of health they have fallen ill.A. until B. while

28、 C. when D. after(2015淮安市)4. I was writing a diary _ my brother was watching TV yesterday evening. A. before B. after C. until D. while(2013連云港市)5. I wont watch basketball matches_ James is playing. He pays much attention to teamwork.A. unless B. if C. although D. since(2014南京市)6. _ Lin Feng has to

29、work late, she always wears a smile on her face.A. Because B. If C. Until D. Though(2014南通市)7. You can join the Reading Club_you can go to the Dancing Club. Either is OK.A.and B.or C.but D.so(2015南通市)8.Pandas are facing danger！The situation wont change humans stop killing.A.unless B.though C.if D.af

30、ter(2016南通市)9.Jack is still working to high standards he has made great achievements.A.until B.if C.though D.because(2014蘇州市)10.Read this article, you will understand that not everything can be bought with money. A.or B.and C.but D.so(2016蘇州市)11. To make your DIY work perfect , youd better not start

31、 you get all the tools ready .A. when B. while C. before D. after(2015泰州市)12. - Doctor, Ive got a headache.- Dont worry. Just take some medicine, _ youll be OK again. A. and B. but C. so D. or(2015泰州市)13. There are fewer and fewer tigers in India. The situation will continue _ humans stop hunting th

32、em for their fur and bones. A. if B. unless C. becauseD. since(2016泰州市)14. -The novel seems a little boring. -You wont enjoy it you put your heart into it. A. when B. if C. after D. unless(2014無錫市)15.On those foggy days,you could hardly see anything around you it was at noon.A.so B.because C.but D.t

33、hough(2015無錫市)16.I think you should complain, , of course, you are happy with the situation. A. unlessB. howeverC. untilD. though(2016無錫市)17. Could you help me with housework _ you are free today?A. sinceB. thoughC. unlessD. until(2013宿遷市)18. Helen didnt know anything about it her father told her.A ifB. becauseC. afterD. until(2014徐州市)19. Jim is always