高考英語動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)課件(1).ppt

1、Heres the thingWe started out friends It was cool, but it was all pretend Yeah yeah, since youve been gone Youre dedicated you took the time wasnt long till I called you mine Yeah yeah, since youve been gone,How come Id never heard you say I just wanna be with you Guess you never felt that way But s

2、ince youve been gone I can breathe for the first time Im so moving on Thanks to you Now I get what I want.,English Basic Tenses (八大時態(tài)),他昨天來了. 他已經(jīng)來了. 他明天來. 漢語借助詞匯手段而非詞的形態(tài)變化來表示動作的發(fā)生,而英語主要通過謂語動詞時態(tài)變化來表現(xiàn).任何句子都要先注意時態(tài).,He came yesterday.,He has come.,He will come tomorrow.,一般過去時 ( The Simple Past Tense ),一

3、般現(xiàn)在時 ( The Simple Present tense,一般將來時( The Simple Future Tense ),現(xiàn)在進行時(The Present Continuous Tense),過去進行時(The Past Continuous Tense),現(xiàn)在完成時(The Present Perfect Tense),過去完成時(The Past Perfect Tense),過去將來時(The Simple Past Future Tense),How is your daily life as a high school student?,(3 sentences or mo

4、re,使用實意動詞和系動詞, 注意動詞形式變化),一般現(xiàn)在時 ( The Present Indefinite ) 1.結(jié)構(gòu): 主語為第三人稱單數(shù),謂動要變化,其余人稱用原形.,I study hard every day and I get along well with my classmates, but sometimes I miss my families.,2. 用法: 1) 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作，常與表示頻率的時間狀語連用，如often/ usually, every, sometimes, at, on Sunday。,2)表示不受時間限制的科學(xué)事實或客觀真理。 The ea

5、rth moves around the sun.,3) 表示已安排或計劃好將來必定會發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài), 一般用于be, come, go, start, begin, leave, arrive, return等動詞中，常與時間狀語連用如： The meeting starts at 2:00 p.m.,How did you spend your childhood? (3 sentences or more,使用實意動詞和系動詞, 注意動詞形式變化),Example: I _ (spend) my childhood happily with my old friends. We

6、always _(play) football and basketball together and we _ (not) have so much homework to do as now. We _ (be) happy at that time.,spent,played,didnt,were,一般過去時 ( The Simple Past Tense ) 1.結(jié)構(gòu): 謂動用動詞過去式 2.用法: 在過去時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與表示過去時間的時間狀語連用。如 yesterday, last week, an hour ago, in 1982等。,現(xiàn)在進行時(The Pr

7、esent Continuous Tense),2. 用法： 1) 表示現(xiàn)在( 指說話時)正在發(fā)生的事情。 We are having English class now. 2) 表示目前這段時間內(nèi)正在進行的動作,但說話時動作未必正在進行。 She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.,1.結(jié)構(gòu): be (am, are, is)+ doing,3) 現(xiàn)在進行時用來表示按計劃即將發(fā)生的 動作,多用于表示移動的動詞,如: come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay. I m leaving tomorrow. Are you stay

8、ing here till next week?,On August 8, 2008, the 29th Olimpic Games was opening in Beijing.,What were you doing on that day?,過去進行時(The Past Continuous Tense),1. 結(jié)構(gòu)：was/ were + doing 2. 用法:表示過去某時或某段時間正在進行的動作或狀態(tài)。常用的時間狀語at ten yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while,猶如,picture,How will you

9、 spend The 3rd holiday? I will Im going to,一般將來時( The Simple Future Tense ) will / be going to do,2. be +to do，按計劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。 We are to have an exam this week.,3. be about to do, 表示馬上做某事, 不能與明確表示將來的時間狀語連用. He is about to leave for Beijing.,Dad said to me, “I will buy a computer for you if you can pa

10、ss the exam.” Dad told me (that) he _ (buy) a computer for me if I could pass the exam.,would buy,.過去將來時(The past future simple Tense),1. 用法: 過去將來時表示立足于過去某一時間看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài), 常用于賓語從句中.,2.結(jié)構(gòu): Should / would+動詞原形 The boy promised he would work hard. I told my parents I should return early.,2).其他形式 was

11、(were) going to was (were) to +動詞原形 was (were) about to,English, boring or funny?,Q1: How old were you when you first started learning English? Q2: How long have you learnt English? A: We have learnt English for many years since we were 6 years old.,現(xiàn)在完成時(The present Perfect Tense),1. 結(jié)構(gòu): have (has)

12、 +過去分詞 2.用法: 1). 現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去某一時間開始，一直延 續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài), 通常用于延續(xù)性動詞. 常與表示延續(xù)性的時間狀語連用,如:so far, up to now, recently, in the past 6 years, since, for 等等,I have lived in Zhuhai for 3 years.,2).表示發(fā)生在過去的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響 或結(jié)果,常用的時間狀語有: just ,already, yet, ever, never, once等等. We have finished our lunch already. Have you

13、 ever tried this method?,比較一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時,1). 一般過去時只表示發(fā)生在過去的動作或存在的狀態(tài), 不涉及對現(xiàn)在的影響；現(xiàn)在完成時表示發(fā)生在過去的動作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,或強調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的造成的影響。 My family lived in Zhuhai ten years ago. （現(xiàn)在不在了) My family have lived in Zhuhai for 10 years. (目前還在珠海),2). 過去時常與具體的表示過去的時間狀語連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時通常與不確定的或包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語. I studied in Zh

14、ongshan university in 2000. (2000年表示具體的過去時間） I have studied in Zhongshan university since 2000. (since 2000表示從2000年至今,包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)) I have just bought an apartment. (just表示不確定的時間狀語）,注意：,非延續(xù)性動詞的否定形式可以與表示延續(xù)時間 的狀語連用。即動作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù) 的。I have received his letter for a month. （錯） I havent received his letter for

15、 almost a month. （對）,比較since和for,since +時間點, 用來說明動作起始時間 for+ 時間段, 用來說明動作延續(xù)時間長度。I have lived here for more than twenty years.I have lived here since I was born.,過去完成時(The past perfect Tense),結(jié)構(gòu): had + 過去分詞 概念：表示過去的過去-|-|-|- 過去之前 過去現(xiàn)在將來,You graduated (畢業(yè)) from Junior Middle School in July 2009. You ha

16、d stayed there for 3 years when you graduated.,When the police arrived, the thieves _(run away). When I came into the classroom, my dear students _ (begin) reading.,had run away,had begun,Exercises I usually _ up at 6:00, but yesterday I _ up at 7:00 and tomorrow I _ up at 6:30. (get) Listen! Someon

17、e _ (knock) at the door. I _ (be) in Beijing for two years. How often _ Andy _ (surf) the internet? He fell asleep while he _ (read) a book.,group competition,get,will get,got,is knocking,have been,does,surf,was reading,6. I _ never _ (hear) of that man before. 7. My brother often _ (go) for walks l

18、ast summer. 8. Lily said she _ (put) on the new dress the next day. 9. _ the story _ (happen) in London in 1949? 10. What _ his mother _ (do) when he opened the door?,have,heard,went,would put,Did,happen,was,doing,11. If it _ (not rain) tomorrow, they _ (go) fishing. 12. _ your mother _ the piano ev

19、ery Sunday? (play) 13. They _ (not) call you the day after tomorrow. 14. Tom _ (work) there since two years ago. 15. By the time I _ (walk) into the classroom, the teacher _ (start) teaching.,doesnt rain,will go,Does,has worked,wont,walked,had started,play,Jenny Jenny _ (be) a foreign girl. She _ (c

20、ome) from the United States. Look, she _ (draw) pictures in the living room. Two years ago, her parents _ (move) to China. Jenny _ (not have) any friends, so she _ (feel) lonely. But now, she _ (have) many Chinese friends and _ (study) with them everyday. Jenny _ (visit) her grandparents in the Unit

21、ed States next month.,is,comes,is drawing,moved,didnt have,felt,has,studies,will visit,One good turn deserves another I _ (have) dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in. Tony _ (work) in a lawyers office years ago, but he _ (work) at a bank now. He _ (get) a good salary, but he always _ (bor

22、row) money from his friends and never _ (pay) it back. Tony _ (see) me and _ (come) and _ (sit) at the same table. He _ never _ (borrow) money from me. While he _ (eat), I _ (ask) him to lend me twenty pounds. To my surprise, he _ (give) me the money immediately. I have never borrowed any money from

23、 you, Tony said, so now you can pay for my dinner!,was having,worked,is working,asked,saw,came,has,sat,gave,was eating,borrows,gets,pays,borrowed,語態(tài)有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。 主語是動作的發(fā)出者為主動語態(tài)； 主語是動作的接受者為被動語態(tài)。,動詞的語態(tài) (voice),We watched a film last night. I drink milk everyday. A film _. Milk _. Summary (總結(jié)): is / w

24、as +done (p.p),Present/ past simple(一般現(xiàn)在/過去時),was watched by us last night,is drunk by me everyday,Will/ would be done 新電腦下周將投入使用。 The new computers will be used next week. 媽媽告訴我我的自行車明天去修。 My mother told me that my bike would be repaired the next day.,Present/ past future(一般將來時/ 過去將來時),am/ is /are b

25、eing done was/ were being done 中國國家大劇院正在建設(shè)當(dāng)中。 The National Opera Building is being built at present.,Present/ past progressive (現(xiàn)在進行時/過去進行時),has/ have been done had been done 這個問題已經(jīng)得到了圓滿的解決。 The problem has been well solved. 昨天晚上我到超市的時候，牛奶已經(jīng)賣完了。 The milk had been sold when I got to the supermarket l

26、ast night.,Present/ past perfect (現(xiàn)在完成時/ 過去完成時),不及物動詞或動詞短語無被動語態(tài) 比較： rise是不及物動詞；raise是及物動詞。 The price has been risen.The price has risen. The price has raised. The price has been raised. The accident was happened last week.The accident happened last week.,(錯),(對),(錯),(對),(錯),(對),要想正確地使用被動語態(tài)，就須注意哪些動詞是

27、及物的，哪些是不及物的。特別是一詞多義的動詞往往有兩種用法。解決這一問題唯有在學(xué)習(xí)過程中多留意積累。,一般現(xiàn)在時: be( am/are/is) + p.p.( 過去分詞) 一般過去時: be(was/ were) + p.p. 一般將來時: will be + p.p. 過去將來時: would be + p.p. 現(xiàn)在進行時: be( am/are/is)+ being+ p.p. 過去進行時:be(was/ were )+ being+ p.p. 現(xiàn)在完成時: have/ has+ been + p.p. 過去完成時:had + been + p.p.,高中英語教學(xué)大納中要求掌握的只有八

28、種：一般現(xiàn)在時，一般過去時，一般將來時，現(xiàn)在進行時，過去進行時，現(xiàn)在完成時，過去完成時，過去將來時。另外現(xiàn)在完成進行時，過去完成進行時和將來完成時也比較常用。,動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài),時態(tài) 主動 被動 一般現(xiàn)在時 do be( am/are/is) + done 一般過去時 did be(was/ were) + done 一般將來時 Will do will be + done 過去將來時 Would do would be + done 現(xiàn)在進行 be( am/are/is)+doing be( am/are/is)+ being+ done 過去進行時 be(was/ were )+doing

29、be(was/ were )+ being+ done 現(xiàn)在完成時 have/ has+ been +doing have/ has+ been + done 過去完成時 had + been +doing had + been +done,Challenge yourself!,1、對于這個問題，關(guān)注很少。 Little attention was paid to this problem. 2、課堂上應(yīng)該鼓勵小組討論。 Group discussion should be encouraged in class. 3、據(jù)報導(dǎo)，這里將修建一條新的馬路。 It is reported that

30、 a new road will be built here. 4、必須采取措施來防止河流受到污染。 Measures should be taken to stop the river from being polluted.,動詞時態(tài)的一些典型用法,1. 在條件狀語從句、時間狀語從句、讓步狀語從句中，主將從現(xiàn)。 The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she arrives. Can I join your club, Dad? You can when you get a bit older. H

31、undreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. He will work wherever he is wanted.,2. 語境中的過去時，往往表示“剛才，剛剛”之意，暗示現(xiàn)在已“不再這樣”。 Come on in, Peter. I want to show you something. Oh, how nice of you ! I never thought you were going to bring me a gift. Your phone number again? I didnt quite catch it. Nan

32、cy is not coming tonight. But she promised !,3. 用一般過去時表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作 (也可用 “used to do”或 “would do” 代替)。 During the vacation I often swam/ would swim in the sea. I used to smoke.,4. 表示愿望、打算一類的詞，如：hope, expect, mean, intend, want, think, suppose等，其過去完成時表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的愿望或意圖。 I had hoped to see more of ShangHai.

33、 I had meant to help you, but I was too busy at the moment. I had thought you would come tomorrow.,5. 某些固定句式中的動詞時態(tài)是固定的、約定俗成的。 It / This is the first time I have come here. It was the third time (that) he had made the same mistake. It is / has been two months since I gave up smoking. It was ten years

34、 since we had had such a wonderful time. I was about to go out when the telephone rang. They were reading when Tom shouted in pain., Hardly (No sooner) had I got home when (than) the rain poured down. It + be + 一段時間 + before 從句 It wont be long before he succeeds. ( = He will succeed soom.) It was te

35、n years before they met again. ( = They met again ten years later. ),高考對于進行體的常考點, 一個長動作作為背景，被一個短動作打斷，長動作往往用進行體，短動作用一般體。如： My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. The students were writing busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she had left in the office. Tom slipped into

36、 the house when no one was looking. As she was reading the newspaper, Granny fell asleep. The reporter said that the UFO was traveling east to west when he saw it., 表示動作的未完性、暫時性。如： Have you moved into the new house ? Not yet. The rooms are being painted. I dont really work here; I am just helping ou

37、t until the new secretary arrives. Shirley was writing a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it. Selecting a mobile phone for a personal use is not easy task because technology is changing so rapidly., 表示計劃、安排要做的事。如： Ive won a holiday for two days to Florida. I am tak

38、ing my mum. What were you doing when Tony phoned you ? I had just finished my work and was starting to take a shower., 表示現(xiàn)在或當(dāng)時發(fā)展中的或正在進行的情況。 I dont think Jim saw me; he was just staring into space. I first met Lisa 3 years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. Is this raincoat yours ? No, mine is hanging there behind the door. Hey,