初中英語反義疑問句精講

1、反義疑問句反義疑問句(The Disjunctive Question) 即附加疑問句。它表示提問人的看法,沒有把握,需要對方證實(shí)。 反義疑問句由兩部分組成：前一部分是一個(gè)陳述句，后一部分是一個(gè)簡短的疑問句，兩部分的人稱時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)保持一致。主 語一般詞語附加疑問句中主語 用和主語一致的主語，用主格。 不定代詞當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是 (1)everyone,no one， nobody 等時(shí)，后面的疑問句應(yīng)表示為： Everyone is in the classroom, arent they? (基本不用單數(shù)，但也可用he） Nobody will go, will they? (2) everyt

2、hing,anything,nothing,something時(shí)，附加疑問句中主語一般用 it 不用 they （3）this,that,或those,these時(shí)，附加疑問句中主語用it和they. 特殊句型否定意義的詞 （1）當(dāng)陳述部分有never，seldom, hardly，few，little，barely, scarcely, nothing 等否定意義的詞時(shí)，后面的反意疑問句則為肯定形式： There are few apples in the basket, are there? He can hardly swim, can he? They seldom come late

3、, do they? （2）當(dāng)陳述部分含有否定意思的詞是unhappy,dislike,unfriendly等含有否定詞綴的派生詞，也就是有un-前綴、-less后綴等含有詞綴而意思否定的詞，當(dāng)做肯定句處理，疑問部分要用否定形式。如： He looks unhappy,doesnt he?他看上去不高興，不是嗎？ The girl dislikes history,doesnt she?這女孩不喜歡歷史，不是嗎？ 表示主語主觀意愿的詞含有think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等動(dòng)詞后接賓語從句構(gòu)成的主從復(fù)合句在構(gòu)成反意疑問句時(shí)，視情況不同有兩種不同的構(gòu)

4、成方式。 (1) 當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱時(shí)，其后的簡短問句應(yīng)與從句相一致。例如： I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, wont she/he? We suppose you have finished the project, havent you? 值得注意的是，當(dāng)這些動(dòng)詞后接的賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到主句時(shí)，其仍屬否定句，故其后的簡短問句應(yīng)用肯定式，而非否定式。例如： I dont believe that he can translate this book, can he? Wedont imagine the t

5、wins have arrived, have they? 此類句子的回答同前否后肯型反意疑問句一樣，如上述后一個(gè)句子，若雙胞胎已經(jīng)到了，則回答為Yes, they have.；若尚未到達(dá)，使用No, they havent.。 (2) 當(dāng)主句的主語為第二、三人稱時(shí)，其后的簡短問句則應(yīng)與主句相一致（此時(shí)，否定只看主句，與從句無關(guān).）。例如： Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesnt she? You thought they could have completed the project, didnt you? They dont beli

6、eve shes an engineer, do they? She doesnt expect that we are coming so soon, does she? (3)但如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是過去時(shí)等等，疑問句應(yīng)和主句的人稱時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。 had better或have陳述部分有had better,或其中的have表示完成時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，疑問句應(yīng)用hadnt等開頭： Youd better get up early, hadnt you? 其他情況句中有have時(shí)疑問句應(yīng)用dont等開頭 如have表示“有”的時(shí)候，有兩種形式： -He has two sisters,doesnt he? -

7、He doesnt have any sisters,does he? 祈使句當(dāng)陳述部分是祈使句時(shí)，疑問句要根據(jù)語氣來表達(dá) 當(dāng)開頭是Lets時(shí)，一定要用shall we。其余都用will you（包括 Let us）不論肯定否定 Lets go out for a walk, shall we? Let us go out for a walk, will you? Let me help you,may I? Turn on the radio, will you? There be句型There be 句型中，反義疑問部分必須為be 動(dòng)詞 + there There are some ap

8、ples in the basket, arent there? There isnt any milk left, is there? must當(dāng)陳述部分有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must，問句有4種情況： （1）mustnt表示“禁止，不可，不必”時(shí)，附加問句通常要用must. You mustnt stop your car here,must you? 你不能把車停在這地方，知道嗎？ （2）must表示“有必要”時(shí)，附加問句通常要用neednt. They must finish the work today,neednt they? 他們今天要完成這項(xiàng)工作，是嗎？ （3）當(dāng)must用來表示對現(xiàn)在的情

9、況進(jìn)行推測時(shí)，問句通常要根據(jù)must后面的動(dòng)詞采用相應(yīng)的形式。 He must be good at English,isnt he? 他英語一定學(xué)得很好，是嗎？ （4）當(dāng)must+have done表示對過去的情況進(jìn)行推測（一般句中有明確的過去時(shí)間狀語），問句要根據(jù)陳述部分謂語的情況用“didnt+主語”或“wasnt/werent+主語”；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成（一般沒有明確的過去時(shí)間狀語），問句要用“havent/hasnt+主語”。 She must have read the novel last week,didnt she? 她上星期一定讀了這本小說，是嗎？ You must hav

10、e told her about it,havent you? 你一定把這事告訴她了，是嗎？ 回 答反意疑問句的回答用yes， no， 但是，回答意思相反,當(dāng)陳述部分是否定形式時(shí)，回答要按事實(shí)。如： They dont work hard, do they? 他們不太努力工作，是嗎？ Yes, they do. 不，他們工作努力。/No, they dont. 對， 他們工作不努力 肯定反意疑問句的回答當(dāng)陳述部分為否定式，反意疑問句為肯定式時(shí)，其回答往往與漢語不一致，需特別引起注意： It isnt cheap, is it? Yes, it is. “它不便宜吧？”“不，很便宜?！?He d

11、oesnt love her, does he? No, he doesnt. “他不愛她，是嗎？”“是的，他不愛她。”此時(shí)，Yes即不，對前面It isnt cheap.的否定。 否定反意疑問句的回答當(dāng)陳述部分為肯定式，反意疑問句為否定式時(shí)，其回答一般不會(huì)造成困難，一般只需照情況回答即可： Its new, isnt it? Yes, it is. “是新的，對嗎？”“對，是新的?！?He wants to go, doesnt he? No, he doesnt. “他想去，對嗎？”“不，他不想去?！?此時(shí)，No即是，對前面Its new.的肯定。 回答反意疑問句的原則回答反意疑問句通常應(yīng)

12、根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來確定，“It is a beautiful flower，isnt it？” “It isnt a beautiful flower，is it？” 肯定均為“Yes，it is.否定為“No，it isnt. 快 速 記 憶 表陳述部分的謂語 疑問部分 I arent I Wish may +主語 no,nothing,nobody,never, few, seldom, hardly, 肯定含義 rarely, little等否定含義的詞 ought to（肯定的） shouldnt/ oughtnt +主語 have to+v.(had to+v.) dont +主語(di

13、dnt +主語) used to didnt +主語或 usednt +主語 had better + v. hadnt you would rather + v. wouldnt +主語 youd like to + v. wouldnt +主語 must 根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定 感嘆句中 be +主語 Neithernor, eitheror 連接的并列主語 根據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定 指示代詞或不定代詞 everything,that, nothing,this 主語用it 并列復(fù)合句 謂語根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語而定 定語從句,賓語從句的 主從復(fù)合句 根據(jù)主句的謂語而定 think,believe,e

14、xpect, suppose,imagine等引導(dǎo) 與賓語從句相對應(yīng)的從句everybody,anyone, somebody,nobody,no one 復(fù)數(shù)they, 單數(shù)he 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare或need need (dare ) +主語 dare, need 為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 do +主語 省去主語的祈使句 will you？ Lets 開頭的祈使句 Shall we? Let us 開頭的祈使句 Will you? there be 相應(yīng)的謂語動(dòng)詞+there(省略主語代詞）否定前綴不能視為否定詞 仍用否定形式 must表推測 根據(jù)其推測的情況來確定反意疑問句練習(xí)一、單項(xiàng)選擇1、Few of

15、 them hurt themselves in the accident last night,_A. dont they B. didnt they C. did they D. do they2、 -Youve never seen dinosaur eggs, have you ? -_. How I wish to visit the Dinosaur World.A. Yes, I have B. No, I havent C. Certainly, I have D. Of course, I havent3、His sister had a bad cough, _she?A.

16、 wasnt B. doesnt C. hadnt D. didnt4、Mr. Green went to Shenzhen on business last week,_?A. isnt he B. doesnt he C. didnt he D. hasnt he5、John can hardly understand any Chinese, _he?A. Cant B. doesnt C. can D. does6、Dont smoke in the meeting-room,_?A. do you B. will you C. can you D. could you7、Lucy,

17、you clean the blackboard today,_A. do you B. did you C. will you D. can you8、Miss Cheng will never forget her first visit to Canada ,_?A. will she B. wont she C. isnt she D. wasnt she9、The lady couldnt say a word when she saw the snake,_?A. could the lady B. couldnt the lady C. could she D. couldnt

18、she10、-_sweater is this? -I think its Peters.A. Who B. What C. Which D. Whose11、-_I go and meet you at the airport? -No ,thanks, dear . I can take a taxi home.A. Will B. Do C. Shall D. Should12、-_is the Confucian Temple(孔廟) from here? -Its about 10 minuters walk.A. How many B. How long C. How much D

19、. How far13、-_may I keep these book? -two weeks.A. How often B. How far C. How long D. How soon14、Tina is unhappy now,_?A. isnt she B. is she C. is he D.did she15、-_you _TV at the moment? -No ,you can turn it off.A. Did, watch B. Are ,watching C. Do ,watch D. Have , watched16、-_do you go to Hong Kon

20、g? -sorry , Ive never been there.A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How soon17、A: _you ever _ the Great Wall? B: Only once.A. Did ,go B. Have , been to C. Have ,gone to D. Have ,been in18、-You lent me some money a few months ago. -_? I dont remember lending you any money .A. Did I B. Did you C.

21、Do I D. Do you19、-_is it from here to Yancheng Railway Station? -About two kilometers.A. How often B. How far C. How soon D. How long20、-Are you going to borrow a dictionary or a magazine? -_.A. Yes, a dictionary B. No, a magazine C. A dictionary D. Yes both21、My uncle has never been to a foreign co

22、untry,_?A. has he B. does he C. hasnt he D. doesnt he22、There is some water in that bottle, isnt _A. there B. it C. that D.those23、-_will the foreign students be back from NanJing. -In two days, I think .A. How soon B. How often C. How far D. How fast24、-Have you seen the film Return Of the King ? -

23、_. I going to see it tonight.A. No , I didnt B. Yes ,I do C. Yes ,I have D. Not yet25、-John, will you please paint the door yellow? -_?A. Why B. What is it C. How is it D. How about26、-Lets go and play football,_? -Thats wonderful.A. will you B. do you C. wont you D. shall we27、-The boy has to stay at home to look after his little sister,_? -Yes, because his mother has gone shopping.A. does he B. is he C. doesnt he