英文版教學module3

1、Module 3,Prevention and Control of EVD in Individuals,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,3.1 Disinfection 3.2 Washing Hands 3.3 Personal Protection Equipment (PPE),Contents,Disinfection,Training Program

2、on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,How Long Does the Ebola Virus Persist in Indoor Environments?,Ebola virus could remain active for a long time Ebola virus is quite sensitive to inactivation by ultraviolet light and dry

3、ing Ebola virus can be inactivated by most disinfectants, such as bleach (0.05% chlorine),Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Guidelines for Cleaning and Disinfection,Immediately clean and disinfect any visible surface contamination from blood, urine, feces, vomit, or o

4、ther body fluids that may contain Ebola virus Isolate areas of suspected Ebola virus contamination until decontamination is completed to minimize exposure to individuals not performing the work Cover spills with absorbent material (e.g., paper towels), then pour disinfectant on to saturate the area,

5、 and allow bleach to soak into spills for at least 30 minutes before cleaning to allow it to kill any virus or other infectious agents that may be present,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Guidelines for Cleaning and Disinfection,Treat any visible contamination or bul

6、k spill matter with a suitable disinfectant before cleaning up and removing bulk material After disinfecting and removing bulk material, clean and decontaminate the surface using the disinfectant Ensure adequate ventilation in areas where workers are using disinfectants, including by opening windows

7、 and doors, or using mechanical ventilation equipment In some cases, the use of chemical disinfectants may require an employer to train workers about how to protect themselves against chemical hazards,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,People responsible for cleaning t

8、he house after household members with symptoms of Ebola are transported to an Ebola Treatment Unit or Ebola Community Care Center,Who is this for:,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Onlyoneperson should be responsible to clean the house after someone in the household w

9、ith symptoms of Ebola is transferred to an Ebola Treatment Unit (ETU) or Ebola Community Care Center (CCC) Do not touch body fluids or anything that was used by the sick person including bed covers, plate, cup and utensils without wearing appropriate protective gear,Key Points,Training Program on Pr

10、evention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,You can make these chlorine solutions from a variety of different products Chlorine powder 5% liquid bleach If using liquid bleach to make strong (0.5%) and mild (0.05%) chlorine solutions, then make sure you know what kind of liquid bleach you are using,P

11、repare Strong (0.5%) and Mild (0.05%) Chlorine Solutions,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Types of Chlorine Solutions,Disinfection with Chlorine,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Viru

12、s Disease,Making cleaning solution from chlorine powder,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Making hand washing solution from chlorine powder,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Making cleaning solution from 5%liquid bleach,Training Program

13、 on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Heavy duty/rubber gloves and, if available, nitrile or latex gloves to be used below rubber gloves Impermeable water-proof gown or a long waste plastic bag to cover your full body Closed shoes, ideally boots Face protection (e.g., mask and goggles or

14、 face shield) if cleaning surfaces contaminated with body fluids such as saliva, sweat, blood, feces, urine or vomit Put on these items before you start any of the cleaning procedures below,Protective Gear to be Used For Cleaning Procedures,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus D

15、isease,For latrines used by the sick person or blood stains, urine, vomit, or stool on the floor Chamber/Bucket used as latrines Clothes, linens, towels, and mattress that were in contact with the sick person Plates, utensils, and cups,Cleaning Procedures,Training Program on Prevention and Control o

16、f Ebola Virus Disease,Pour carefully 0.5% chlorine solution on the latrine and floor using a cup or a bottle and let it sit for 15 minutes. Sprayers should not be used to avoid formation of droplets If floor is visibly soiled with body fluids such as blood, urine, vomit or stool, then use a towel to

17、 cover the soiled area and pour 0.5% chlorine solution on top of the towel to avoid splashes or dispersion of body fluid spills. Let the towel with chlorine solution on the surface for 15 minutes,For Latrines Used by the Patient or Blood Stains, Urine, Vomit, or Stool on the Floor,Training Program o

18、n Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Remove dirty towel after 15 minutes and dispose in a plastic bag Clean and remove remaining chlorine solution using a towel or absorbent fabric soaked with 0.5% chlorine solution Do not touch any spills of body fluids. Use a wooden stick to clean the f

19、loor using the towels or fabrics soaked with 0.5% chlorine solution Rinse the floor and latrine with water and soap to reduce chlorine residues Dispose all dirty towels/fabrics in a plastic bag and burn the plastic bag containing the dirty towels/fabrics,For latrines used by the Patient or Blood Sta

20、ins, Urine, Vomit, or Stool on the Floor,Safe Cleaning of Spills (continued),Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Keep the bucket patient used closed Carefully pour enough of the 0.5% chlorine solution int

21、o the bucket to cover the contents. Let solution stay for 30 minutes Dump the contents in a latrine after 30 minutes Use a clean towel or fabric soaked with 0.5% chlorine solution to clean latrine Rinse the bucket with 0.5% chlorine solution and then wash with water and soap,Chamber/Bucket Used As L

22、atrines,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Throw linens, towels or clothes that are visibly soiled with blood, vomit, urine, or feces, away in a plastic bag to be burned put, towels, or clothes that are NOT visibly soiled in a bucket with 0.05% chlorine solution. Let i

23、t stay for 30 minutes and then wash normally If mattress is NOT covered with plastic sheeting, then pour 0.5% chlorine solution on mattress and burn it outside of the house with the other items that need to be burned If mattress is covered with plastic sheeting, then pour 0.5% chlorine solution on t

24、he plastic sheeting, let the solution sit for 15 minutes, remove solution with towel, and then wash the plastic sheeting normally,Clothes, Linens, Towels, and Mattress That Were Used with the Patient,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Remove all plates, cups, and utens

25、ils used by the patient Throw away left over food in a plastic bag Wash plates, cups, and utensils with clean water and soap Rinse plates, cups, and utensils with 0.05% chlorine solution and let them air-dry,Plates, Utensils, and Cups,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease

26、,Wash your rubber gloves with 0.5% chlorine solution Use a clean towel soaked with 0.5% chlorine solution to clean your shoes/boots Remove washed rubber gloves and put in the bucket with 0.5% chlorine solution for 30 minutes Wash inner pair of gloves with soap and running water or with 0.5% chlorine

27、 solution Remove waterproof gown and place in the same bucket as the rubber gloves Wash inner pair of gloves again with soap and running water or with 0.5% chlorine solution,When Cleaning is Completed,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,If wearing mask, remove using the

28、 ties or bands and throw it away. If wearing goggles, remove without touching the front of the goggles and place in the bucket with the gown. Wash your hands or inner pair of gloves again with soap and water or with 0.5% chlorine solution. If wearing an inner pair of gloves, remove gloves and throw

29、them away. Wash hands with soap and running water or with 0.05% chlorine solution after removing inner pair of gloves. Proceed with normal washing of gown, gloves, and goggles after 30 minutes.,When Cleaning is Completed,Washing Hands,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease

30、,Hand Hygiene,Hand Hygiene: the most important measure to avoid infection!,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Hand Hygiene: As a part of Standard Precautions,Hand Hygiene Ensure availability of hand-washing facilities with clean running water Ensure availability of han

31、d hygiene products (clean water plus soap (if possible, single-use clean towels) and alcohol-based hand rub). If possible: alcohol-based hand rubs should be made available at every point of care and are the standard of care,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Hand Hygie

32、ne,For all: Do not wear artificial fingernails or extenders when having direct contact with patients Keep natural nails short (tips less than 0.5 cm long or approximately inch) Keep a healthy skin Avoid using rings, a wrist watch or bracelets Ensure that hands are dry before starting any activity Ai

33、r dry (or dry hands with single-use towels- usually not available),Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,When Should You Wash Your Hands?,Before, during, and after preparing food Before eating food Before a

34、nd after caring for someone who is sick Before and after treating a cut or wound After using the toilet,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,When Should You Wash Your Hands?,After changing diapers or cleaning up a child who has used the toilet After blowing your nose, co

35、ughing, or sneezing After touching an animal, animal feed, or animal waste After handling pet food or pet treats After touching garbage,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,How Should You Wash Your Hands?,Wet your hands with clean, running water (warm or cold), turn off

36、the tap, and apply soap Lather your hands by rubbing them together with the soap. Be sure to lather the backs of your hands, between your fingers, and under your nails,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,How Should You Wash Your Hands?,Scrub your hands for at least 20 s

37、econds. Need a timer? Hum the Happy Birthday song from beginning to end twice Rinse your hands well under clean, running water Dry your hands using a clean towel or air dry them,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,What Should You do If You Dont Have Soap and Clean runni

38、ng water?,Washing hands with soap and water is the best way to reduce the number of microbes on them in most situations If soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers can quickly reduce the number of microbes

39、 on hands in some situations, but sanitizers do not eliminate all types of germs,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,How Do You Use Hand Sanitizers?,Apply the product to the palm of one hand (read the label to learn the correct amount) Rub your hands together Rub the pr

40、oduct over all surfaces of your hands and fingers until your hands are dry Hand sanitizers are not as effective when hands are visibly dirty or greasy Teach but emphasize on the need of soap and running water,Hand Hygiene:the parts that are typically forgotten,Typical parts missed,The use of gloves

41、does not replace the need to practise hand hygiene after taking off gloves,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Training Program on Prevent

42、ion and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Respiratory Hygiene,Educate all staff, health workers, patients, and hospital visitors: Cover mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing Hand hygiene after contact with respiratory secretions Have single-use tissues available in the waiting area or provide a medi

43、cal mask. Dispose of tissues in no-touch receptacles. Then wash hands When tissues, cloths, or face masks are not available, instruct all staff, health workers, patients, and visitors, to lift their arm up and cover their nose and mouth with the inner surface of the arm or forearm when they cough or

44、 sneeze,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Respiratory Hygiene,For persons with respiratory symptoms: Source control measures-cover their nose and mouth with a tissue or mask when coughing or sneezing; Spatial separation of at least one metre from persons with acute fe

45、brile respiratory symptoms.,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Procedures for Putting On (Donning) and Removing (Doffing) of PPE,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,What is

46、PPE- Means Personal protection equipment. PPE- is specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for protection against infectious materials. PPE is available to protect you from exposure to Ebola in the health workplace. You should know what type of PPE is necessary for the duties you perfor

47、m and use it correctly.,Definition of PPE,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Gloves protect hands Gowns/Aprons- protect skin and/or clothing Masks and Respirators- protect mouth / nose Respirators- protect respiratory tract from air borne infectious agents Goggles- pro

48、tect eyes Face shields- protect face, mouth, nose and eyes,Types of PPE,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Doctors, Nurses, Health Care Workers who provide direct patient care to EVD All support staff who clean Isolation room, launder reusable supplies Laboratory staff

49、 who handle patients specimen Laboratory support staff who clean and disinfect. laboratory equipment use to test specimen Burial team who remove bodies Family members who care for EVD patients,Who Should Wear PPE?,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,Key Principles,Prior

50、 to working with Ebola patients, all healthcare workers involved in the care of Ebola patients must have received repeated training and have demonstrated competency in performing all Ebola-related infection control practices and procedures, and specifically in donning/doffing proper PPE. While worki

51、ng in PPE, healthcare workers caring for Ebola patients should have no skin exposed. The overall safe care of Ebola patients in a facility must be overseen by an onsite manager at all times, and each step of every PPE donning/doffing procedure must be supervised by a trained observer to ensure prope

52、r completion of established PPE protocols.,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,When getting contact with suspected, probable and confirmed case of EVD patient When touching blood, body fluids,secretions,excretions and contaminated items, e.g. 1 Giving a bed bath 2 Sucti

53、oning oral secretions 3 Transporting a patients 4 Responding to an emergency where blood is spurring,When Should We Wear PPE?,Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,5 Drawing blood from a vein 6 Cleaning an incontinent patient with diarrhea 7 Irrigating a wound 8 Taking vital signs,When Should We Wear PPE? (Con),Training Program on Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease,fluid-resistant or impermeable boot covers,fluid-resstant or impermeable gown/or Coveralls,inner glove/nitrile examination glo