2020版高考英語北師大版一輪課件：專題十一　特殊句式.ppt

1、專題十一特殊句式,-2-,高考感悟,考點歸納,單句語法填空 1.(2018北京卷)In any unsafe situation,simply press(press) the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need. 2.(2018天津卷)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat. 3.(2017天津卷)It was when I got back to

2、my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors. 4.(2016江蘇卷)Not until recently did they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas. 5.(2016天津卷)You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel that the coach picks up tourists.,-3-,高考感悟,考點歸納,6.(2016全國卷)It coul

3、d be anything gardening,cooking,music,sports but whatever it is,make(make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.,-4-,高考感悟,考點歸納,考點一 倒裝句 1.完全倒裝 (1)表示時間、地點、方位和動作轉移的副詞,如:there,here,now,then,up,down,out,in,away位于句首,句子謂語是go,come,run等不及物動詞,可將謂語全部置于主語之前。但主語是人稱代詞時,不倒裝。

4、 There remains the possibility that mistakes have been made. 仍然有已經出錯的可能。 Look!From opposite the street come two kids,screaming in panic. 看!兩個孩子從街對面過來,(他們)驚慌地尖叫著。 (2)當句首狀語為表示地點的介詞短語時,也常常用全部倒裝。 South of the city lies a factory.城市的南面有家工廠。,-5-,高考感悟,考點歸納,(3)such做表語置于句首時,也常常用全部倒裝。 Such was Einstein,a simp

5、le man but a great scientist. 這就是愛因斯坦,一位樸實的人,而且又是一名偉大的科學家。 (4)表語置于句首時,倒裝結構為“表語+連系動詞+主語”。 形容詞+連系動詞+主語 Present at the meeting were some experts. 到會的是一些專家。 過去分詞+連系動詞+主語 Gone are the days when we walked to work. 我們步行上班的時代一去不復返了。 介詞短語+連系動詞+主語 Among the goods are flowers,candles and toys. 貨物中有花,蠟燭和玩具。,-6-

6、,高考感悟,考點歸納,2.部分倒裝 (1)句子以never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely等表示否定意義的副詞以及by no means,not until,not only,not a word,not a single,on no condition,in no case等表示否定意義的詞組開頭,要用部分倒裝語序。 Never will he come back to the factory. 他永遠也不會回到這家工廠了。 Not only do the nurses want a pay increase,they want reduced ho

7、urs as well. 護士們不僅想要增加報酬,她們也想要減少工作時間。 (2)句子以so,nor,neither開頭,說明前面一句話中的情況也適用于另外一些人或物時,主語和謂語部分倒裝。 Tom likes English,and so do I.湯姆喜歡英語,我也喜歡英語。,-7-,高考感悟,考點歸納,(3)在so/such.that引導的結果狀語從句中,為了強調,把so/such.提到句首時,主謂要倒裝。 So moved was she that she could not say a word. 她感動得一句話都說不出來。 So fast does he run that he i

8、s far ahead of others. 他跑得那么快以至于遠遠超過了其他人。 (4)as/though引導讓步狀語從句時句子要用倒裝語序,即要將從句中的表語、狀語或從句中的動詞提到as/though的前面。在as/though引導的讓步狀語從句中,做表語的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前不用加任何冠詞。 Child as he is,he knows a lot. 盡管他是個孩子,但他懂得很多。,-8-,高考感悟,考點歸納,(5)在省略if的虛擬條件句中,were,had或should要提到句首構成倒裝。 Had you come a few minutes earlier,you would have

9、seen him. 如果你早來幾分鐘,你就能看見他了。 (6)當only所修飾的副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句位于句首時,采用部分倒裝形式。要注意“only+主語”用在句首時不倒裝。 Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home. 直到莉莉走進辦公室,她才意識到自己把合同落在家里了。 Only you can help me.只有你能幫助我。 (7)用于某些表示祝愿的句子。 May you succeed!祝你成功!,-9-,高考感悟,考點歸納,(8)neith

10、er.nor.連接兩個并列分句時,這兩個分句都要用倒裝形式。 Neither do I know it,nor do I care about it. 我既不知道這件事,也不關心這件事。,-10-,高考感悟,考點歸納,考點二 省略句 1.不定式中的省略 (1)單獨使用不定式符號to代替不定式后被省略的動詞,常用在be afraid,expect,forget,hope,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,refuse,try,want,wish等詞后;或放在表情緒的詞后,代替被省略的動詞,常見詞有glad,happy,pleased等;但是,如果不定式中含有be,have

11、,have been,則不應省略。 The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not to. 那個司機想在路邊停車,但是警察不讓(他停在那兒)。 He is not a lawyer now,but he used to be. 他現(xiàn)在已不是律師了,但他曾經是。,-11-,高考感悟,考點歸納,Your work hasnt been handed in,but it ought to have been. 你的作業(yè)還沒交,但早該上交了。 (2)感官動詞或使役動詞(feel,no

12、tice,see,hear,let,make,have等)后接不定式做賓語補足語時常省略to。 I heard my father sing in the kitchen. 我聽見爸爸在廚房里唱歌。 (3)在由and或or連接的并列不定式結構中常省略后面的to。 I want to finish my homework and go home. 我想完成作業(yè)然后回家。 (4)在do nothing but,cant help but,why not,would rather.than.,had better等句型中省略to。 The little boy could do nothing bu

13、t cry. 小男孩只能哭,別無他法。,-12-,高考感悟,考點歸納,2.狀語從句中的省略 (1)在由when,while,if,as if,although/though,as,until,once,whether,when,where等引導的狀語從句中,當狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致且從句謂語含有be時,可省略狀語從句的主語和be。 When (he was) young,he helped his parents do a lot of housework. 他小的時候幫父母干了很多家務活。 (2)當從句的主語是it,謂語動詞是be動詞時,可以把it和be一起省略。此時構成“連詞+形容

14、詞”的結構。 Though (it was) cold,he still wore a shirt. 盡管天冷,但他仍然穿著一件襯衣。 Please call me if (it is) necessary. 如果需要,請給我打電話。,-13-,高考感悟,考點歸納,(3)在if so/not省略句式中,用so/not代替上文的內容。 Get up early tomorrow.If not(=If you dont get up early tomorrow),you will miss the early bus. 明天早點起床,不然的話,你就會錯過早班車。,-14-,高考感悟,考點歸納,考

15、點三 強調句 1.強調句的基本構成 強調句的基本構成為:It is/was+被強調部分+who/that+其他成分。被強調部分指人時,可用who或that;被強調部分指物時,用that。如: It was John who(that) wore his best suit to the dance last night. 是約翰昨晚穿著他最好的一套衣服去參加舞會了。 It was his best suit that John wore to the dance last night. 約翰昨晚是穿著他最好的一套衣服去參加舞會的。,-15-,高考感悟,考點歸納,2.強調句的疑問句形式 強調句的

16、一般疑問句形式為 “Is/Was it+被強調部分+that/who+其他成分”;特殊疑問句形式為“特殊疑問詞+is/was it+that/who+其他成分”。 Was it in high school that you began playing basketball? 你是不是在高中的時候開始打籃球的? Where was it that you put your mobile phone after coming back? 你回來之后把手機放在什么地方了?,-16-,高考感悟,考點歸納,3.not.until.結構在強調句中的應用 not.until.結構中的狀語成分在強調句型中被

17、強調時,not與until要放在一起。 Bach died in 1750,but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized. 巴赫于1750年去世,但直到19世紀早期他的音樂才華才受到普遍認可。 It was not until he removed his sunglasses that I recognized him. 直到他把太陽鏡摘下來我才將他認了出來。,-17-,高考感悟,考點歸納,考點四 反意疑問句 1.陳述部分含有賓語從句的反意疑問句 (1)當陳述部分帶

18、有賓語從句時,反意疑問部分的主語與謂語常和主句保持一致。 He said that they would come to my birthday party,didnt he? 他說他們要來參加我的生日聚會,是嗎? (2)當陳述部分主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,suppose,guess,expect,imagine,且主句主語為第一人稱時,反意疑問部分的主語和謂語與賓語從句的主語和謂語保持一致;當陳述部分主句的主語為第二、三人稱時,后面的疑問部分的主語和謂語與主句的主語和謂語保持一致。 They dont believe he will succeed,do they? 他們不

19、相信他會成功,是嗎?,-18-,高考感悟,考點歸納,2.陳述部分含有否定詞的反意疑問句 當陳述部分帶有seldom,hardly,scarcely,never,few,little,nothing,nobody等否定詞時,反意疑問部分用肯定形式。但帶有表示否定意義的前綴構成的詞時,其反意疑問部分用否定形式。 He could hardly speak English,could he? 他幾乎不會說英語,是嗎? He dislikes playing the piano,doesnt he? 他不喜歡彈鋼琴,是嗎?,-19-,高考感悟,考點歸納,考點五 祈使句 1.祈使句+and+簡單句 “祈

20、使句+and+簡單句”表示“如果就” Do that again and Ill call a policeman. 你再那樣做我就要叫警察了。 2.祈使句+or+簡單句 “祈使句+or+簡單句”表示“否則” Put it down,or Ill smack you. 把它放下來,不然我會揍你。 注意有時名詞短語可以看作是祈使句。 A few more minutes and I will finish the work. 再給我?guī)追昼娢揖蜁瓿蛇@項工作。,-20-,高考感悟,考點歸納,考點六 感嘆句 1.What a(n)+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語! What an interestin

21、g story it is! 多么有趣的故事啊! What a happy day it is! 多么快樂的一天啊! 2.What+形容詞+復數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語! What beautiful butterflies they are! 多么漂亮的蝴蝶啊! 3.How+形容詞+a(n)+單數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語! How tall a boy he is!這個男孩真高啊! 4.How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語! How well she plays!她演奏得多好啊!,-21-,.單句語法填空 1.It was in New Zealand that Elizabeth first met Mr.S

22、mith. 2.At the foot of the mountain lies(lie) a village. 3.If accepted(accept) for the job,youll be informed soon. 4.John has not yet passed the driving test,and neither has Henry. 5.Absurd as/though it might sound,everyone present was amused by his adventure story in Africa. 6.There is little doubt

23、 in your mind that he is innocent,is there? 7.There seems to have been great difficulty in turning out excellent graduates. 8.Should it rain tomorrow,we would have to cancel the football match. 9.What a strange plant!Ive never seen it before.,-22-,10.Dont forget to put the tools back where they were after you have finished your work,will you?,-23-,.單句改錯 1.They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. TheyThere 2.It was not until midnight when they reached the camp site. whenthat 3.Only by keeping down costs Power