2018_2019學(xué)年高中英語Unit16StoriesSectionⅣLanguageAwareness1.docx

Section Language Awareness 1 & Culture Corner.詞義匹配1pat ato mention or speak about sb./sth.2present bdone in a way that was planned, not by chance3refer cto give sth. to sb.4deliberately dto touch sb./sth. gently several times with your hand flat答案：14dcab.根據(jù)詞性及漢語意思寫出單詞5software n軟件hardware n硬件6available adj.可利用的；可獲得的；有空的7occupation n職業(yè)，工作occupy vt.占據(jù).補(bǔ)全短語1on the other hand另一方面2have a problem in doing sth. 做某事有困難3rather than 而不是4refer to 涉及；查閱；參考5put up with 忍受，容忍6present sb. with sth. 贈(zèng)給某人某物7make sense 有道理，講得通8attract ones attention 吸引某人的注意1. There is so much suffering in the real world that it is often difficult to hold peoples attention.在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中有如此多的痛苦以至于經(jīng)常很難引起人們的注意力。句式分析在“so . that .”句型中，that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，意為“如此以至于”。佳句賞析(2017北京高考寫作佳句)那段視頻是如此完美以至于很受歡迎。學(xué)生們和老師們度過了一段美好的時(shí)光。The video was so perfect that it was well received. The students and teachers shared a great time.2A son or daughter might inherit a nickname as a surname even if they themselves did not share the particular characteristic.兒子或女兒可能因襲一個(gè)綽號(hào)作為自己的姓氏，即使他們本人并不帶有這種特點(diǎn)。句式分析even if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管，即使”，相當(dāng)于even though。佳句賞析(2017天津高考滿分作文)即使期末考試快到了，我依然會(huì)設(shè)法擠出時(shí)間鍛煉身體。Even if the final exam is around the corner, Ill still manage to find time to work out.考點(diǎn)1 have a problem (in) doing sth.做某事有困難教材原句Why do charity adverts have a problem holding peoplesattention?為什么慈善廣告在吸引人們的注意力上有困難？no problem沒關(guān)系(回答謝意或表示歉意)The baby has a problem eating nuts because he has no teeth yet.這小嬰兒吃堅(jiān)果有困難，因?yàn)樗€沒長(zhǎng)牙。We do have a problem in our relationship, but I feel that we can work it out.我們的關(guān)系確實(shí)有些問題，不過我覺得我們能解決。They had no difficulty (in) working out the difficult problem.他們毫不費(fèi)力地解決了這個(gè)難題。He had some trouble (in) making communication with others in words.他在口頭交際方面有些吃力。單句語法填空If you have any trouble in learning (learn) English, I can help you.Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time passing (pass) the exam.It has become a heated issue that college students have difficulty finding (find) jobs.We take enough trouble to_pay (pay) the rent as it is!考點(diǎn)2present vt.贈(zèng)送；陳述，提出；呈現(xiàn)adj.出席的，在場(chǎng)的；目前的，現(xiàn)在的n.現(xiàn)在；禮物；贈(zèng)品教材原句Some adverts present us with a puzzle; they show an unusual image which at first doesnt make sense.有些廣告開始就給我們?cè)O(shè)了一個(gè)謎；它們展示一個(gè)不尋常的畫面，開始讓我們感到不解。(1)present sb. with sth. present sth. to sb.贈(zèng)送某人某物(2)(be) present at 出席(be) absent from 缺席(3)at present at the present time 現(xiàn)在，目前for the present 暫時(shí)，暫且Davids manager presented him with the award for best sales in the region.戴維的經(jīng)理向他頒發(fā)了本地區(qū)最佳銷售獎(jiǎng)。You must present your passport to the customs officer.你必須向海關(guān)官員出示護(hù)照。All the people (who were) present at the party were his supporters.參加聚會(huì)的人都是他的支持者。Ive got enough money for the present, but I must go to the bank tomorrow.我的錢暫時(shí)還夠用，但我明天必須去銀行取款。At present the multimedia classrooms in our school are available.目前我們學(xué)校的多媒體教室可以使用了。名師指津present表示“出席的，到場(chǎng)的”時(shí)，作表語或后置定語；表示“目前的，現(xiàn)在的”時(shí)，作前置定語。The audience present burst out laughing.在場(chǎng)的觀眾突然大笑起來。The present situation is taking a turn for the better.目前形勢(shì)正在好轉(zhuǎn)。語境串記At present, the Santa Claus is present in the street and is going to present the Christmas presents to the children.現(xiàn)在，圣誕老人出現(xiàn)在街道上，要把圣誕禮物贈(zèng)送給孩子們。1寫出下列句中present的詞性及含義The company presented each retired worker with a watch.vt.贈(zèng)送Believe in yourself; you are sure to get over present difficulties.adj.現(xiàn)在的，目前的The audience present shouted with joy on seeing the famous star.adj.出席的，在場(chǎng)的These notes will remind you how to present your ideas.vt.陳述，提出I wish to give you a present to express my gratitude.n.禮物In this book, Mo Yan presents us with living situation of common people in his hometown.vt.呈現(xiàn)，展示2完成句子我要把自行車留下來，我暫時(shí)不需要它。Ill leave my bicycle behind. I dont need it for_the_present.他們目前沒有結(jié)婚的打算。They have no intention of getting married at_present/at_the_present_time.考點(diǎn)3make sense 有道理，講得通；能理解，有意義It doesnt make sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.這些便宜的大衣也很好，何必非買那件貴的不可。in a/one sense in some sense在某種意義上，在一定程度上in no sense 決不make sense of 了解的意義；理解；懂得make (no) sense to sb. 對(duì)某人有(無)意義There is no sense in (doing) sth. (做)某事是不明智的a sense of humor 幽默感common sense 常識(shí)He doesnt talk much, but what he says makes sense.他話不多，但言之有理。You are right in a sense, but you dont know all the facts.在某種意義上你是對(duì)的，但你不了解全部事實(shí)。There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make sense of it at all.這篇文章中有那么多生詞以至于我根本看不懂。In my opinion，there is no sense in discussing (discuss) the problem.在我看來，討論這個(gè)問題是沒有意義的。完成句子在我看來，為將來的事情擔(dān)憂是毫無意義的。In my opinion, theres_no_sense_in_worrying about the future. 我弄不懂這首詩的意義，但如果再讀一遍我或許就能明白。I cant make_sense_of_this_poem,_but perhaps I will if I read it again.你決不應(yīng)該灰心喪氣。繼續(xù)努力，你遲早會(huì)成功的。In_no_sense_should_you_lose_heart;_keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.你的話對(duì)他來說毫無意義。What you say makes_no_sense_to_him.考點(diǎn)4 refer to提到，談到；指的是；涉及，相關(guān)；適用；參考；查閱(看)教材原句At first, the words seem to refer to domestic violence, but then we realise the advert is a warning about eating highfat food!一開始，這些話似乎指家庭暴力，但是后來我們就會(huì)意識(shí)到這個(gè)廣告是對(duì)吃高脂肪食物的警告！refer . to .把提交給/委托給refer to . as . 把看作/稱為For further particulars, please refer to Chapter Ten.詳情請(qǐng)看第10章。These books refer to Asian problems.這些書涉及亞洲問題。You should refer this matter to our teacher for a decision.你應(yīng)該把這件事提交給老師作決定。The scientist referred_to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.這位科學(xué)家把這一發(fā)現(xiàn)稱作是這個(gè)領(lǐng)域中最令人興奮的新發(fā)展。寫出下列句中refer to的含義He never referred to his sisters in his letters.提及，提到He cooked dinner by referring to a cookbook.參考When I said some people were stupid, I wasnt referring to Jim.指的是These regulations refer only to children. 適用于If you dont know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary.查閱考點(diǎn)5on the other hand另一方面教材原句On the other hand, some adverts go too far when they are deliberately offensive.另一方面，有些廣告卻過分地蓄意冒犯。for one thing . for another thing .一方面另一方面(表示情況一致的兩方面)on the contrary 相反in contrast (to) (與)相對(duì)而言O(shè)n one hand, he is a kind man, but on the other hand he is very cruel to his enemy.一方面他是個(gè)善良的人，但另一方面他對(duì)敵人又很殘酷。The job isnt interesting, is it?On the contrary, it is fascinating. I love it.這工作沒多大意思，對(duì)嗎？恰恰相反，那工作有意思極了。我喜歡。Why dont you buy a car?Well, for one thing, its too expensive for me, and for another thing, I cant drive.為什么不買輛車呢？一方面車太貴，另一方面我不會(huì)開。名師指津on the other hand多與on (the) one hand連用，意為“一方面，另一方面”，表示相矛盾的兩方面。On the one hand, they want a good mark, but on the other hand, they dont want to work hard.一方面，他們想要好成績(jī)，但另一方面，他們又不想努力學(xué)習(xí)。完成句子一方面來說，汽車當(dāng)然很有用，但從另一方面來說，它們也造成了大量污染。On_the_one_hand,_of course, cars are useful. But on_the_other_hand,_they cause a huge amount of pollution.我不想去超市。一則我沒時(shí)間，二則我沒錢。I dont want to go to the supermarket. For_one_thing,_I have no time; for_another,_I have no money.她沒有因考試失敗而沮喪，相反，她開始加倍努力。She did not allow her failure in the exam to discourage her. On_the_contrary,_she began to work twice as hard. 瑪麗又矮又胖，相比之下，她的姐姐卻高挑婀娜。Mary was short and fat, in_contrast_to her sister who was tall and slim.考點(diǎn)6available adj.可利用的；可獲得的；有空的教材原句During this period, most English names became unpopular and only a few popular names were available, such as William, Henry, John, Robert, Richard and Thomas.在那個(gè)時(shí)期，大多數(shù)英國(guó)名字變得不再流行，只有少數(shù)流行的名字為人所用，比如說威廉、亨利、約翰、羅伯特、理查德和托馬斯。be available to sb.(可)為某人所得到(利用)This was the only room available.這是唯一可以用的房間。(2017天津高考)I want to see Mr. White. We have an appointment.Im sorry, but he is not available at the moment, for the meeting hasnt ended.我想見懷特先生，我們已經(jīng)約好了。對(duì)不起，他現(xiàn)在沒空，因?yàn)闀?huì)議還沒有結(jié)束。We live in an age when more information is available with greater ease than ever before.我們生活在這樣一個(gè)時(shí)代，更多的信息比以往更容易獲取。All the books in the library will be available to us.圖書館中所有的書籍將供我們借閱。完成句子There_was_no_seat_available (沒有座位) in the bus when he got on.We should treasure available_resources (可利用的資源)At present, not enough data is_available_to (為利用) scientists.A son or daughter might inherit a nickname as a surname even_if they themselves did not share the particular characteristic.兒子或女兒可能因襲一個(gè)綽號(hào)作為自己的姓氏，即使他們本人卻并不帶有這種特點(diǎn)。本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，其中“A son or daughter . surname”是主句，even if引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語從句，相當(dāng)于even though。Even though/if an advertisement does not lie, it doesnt mean it tells you the complete truth.即使廣告不撒謊，也不意味著它告訴了你全部真相。We should practice economy, even if/though we are rich.即使生活富裕了，也應(yīng)該厲行節(jié)約。as if/though好像，仿佛even so 盡管如此；即使這樣I can remember it as if/though it were yesterday.我對(duì)此事記憶猶新，恍如昨日發(fā)生的一樣。The fire was out, but even so, the smell of smoke was strong.火已熄滅，但即使如此煙味仍很濃。選詞填空： even if, as if, even soThere are many spelling mistakes; even_so its quite a good essay.He was shaking with fright as_if he had seen a ghost.Even_if I didnt know anybody at the party, I had a nice time.have/get賓語過去分詞(作賓語補(bǔ)足語)語法初識(shí)原句感知自主探究We want to know why the man has had his hair cut like that.I need to get the hard disk upgraded.I must get my tyres pumped up.He had/got his computer stolen the other day.He had/got his leg broken yesterday.(1)以上各句中作賓語補(bǔ)足語的都是過去分詞。作賓補(bǔ)的過去分詞與賓語之間有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。(2)表示“讓別人去做某事”的有：。(3)表示“(主語)遭受到(意外的損失或不幸)”的有。語法剖析一、“have/get sth. done”結(jié)構(gòu)的應(yīng)用英語中過去分詞可作賓補(bǔ)，表示被動(dòng)或完成意義。不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞表示完成意義，及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞表示被動(dòng)且完成意義?！癶ave/get sth. done”表示的兩種意義：1讓別人做某事I had/got my TV set repaired yesterday.昨天我叫人把我的電視機(jī)修理了一下。2遭遇不愉快或不可測(cè)的事情Be careful, or youll have/get your hands hurt.當(dāng)心，否則你會(huì)弄傷手的。(1)單句語法填空He has had his bike repaired (repair)She is going to have her new clothes made (make) by a young tailor.(2)翻譯句子史密斯先生的農(nóng)場(chǎng)在這次洪水中被沖毀了。Mr.Smith_had/got_his_farm_destroyed_in_the_flood.I had my wallet stolen on the bus.我的錢包在公交車上被偷了。他明天想去檢查眼睛。He_wants_to_have/get_his_eyes_examined_tomorrow.二、“have/get sb./sth. doing/do”結(jié)構(gòu)的應(yīng)用1have sb./sth. doing“使/讓某人持續(xù)地做某事(現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作)”get sb./sth. doing“使某人/物開始行動(dòng)起來”The peasants had the tractor working day and night at the harvest time.農(nóng)忙時(shí)，農(nóng)民們讓拖拉機(jī)白天黑夜不停地干活。The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.休息了片刻之后，上尉讓士兵們開始朝前線繼續(xù)行進(jìn)。名師指津“have sb. doing”若用于否定句，have有“容忍；容許”之意。I wont have you doing nothing all day at all.我不能容許你整天無所事事。2have sb. do sth.或get sb. to do sth.都表示“使/讓某人做某事”Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.媽媽讓我去商店買些鹽。I cant get him to stop smoking.我無法讓他戒煙。名師指津have sth. to do表示“有某事要做”，動(dòng)詞不定式表示將來動(dòng)作，作定語修飾sth.，其邏輯主語為句子主語。(1)單句語法填空Dont be worried. Ill have Tom help (help) you finish the work.I will not have you talking (talk) to Mother like that.If you did such a tiresome thing, you would get everybody teasing (tease) you.(2)單句改錯(cuò)Ill not go out because I have lots of work done. doneto_doDont worry. Ill get Tom help you soon. help前加toThe cruel boss had the workers work from dawn to night. workworking應(yīng)用實(shí)戰(zhàn)一、鏈接高考單句語法填空1(新課標(biāo)卷)They migh