人教版高一英語第五單元語法定語從句關系代詞和關系副詞教案

第五單元語法 定語從句 關系代詞和關系副詞適用學科英語適用年級高一適用區(qū)域全國課時2課時知識點關系副詞的用法，關系副詞=介詞+關系代詞教學目標知識：1、掌握定語與定語從句的區(qū)別。2、 能準確使用關系副詞的具體用法。3、 關系副詞=介詞+關系代詞方法：1、要總結、熟記重要定語從句的用法；要學會在實際中靈活運用。教學重點關系副詞的具體用法教學難點掌握并運用定語從句教學過程 一、課堂導入之前學過的課本中，我們一定碰到不少定語從句的練習，那么今天我們將系統(tǒng)性地講解這個語法知識點，將定語從句一攻而破。二、復習預習詞語辨析1. fight for/against/with 2. reward / award3. accept / receive4. since / because / as / for詞形變化1. cruel adj. 殘暴的, 殘忍的cruelty n. 殘暴, 殘忍2. hope n. v.希望; 期望hopeful adj. 有希望的, 順利的, 有前途的hopeless adj. 沒有希望的; 令人絕望的3. educate vt. 教育education n. 教育; 教育體制educated adj. 受過教育的; 受過訓練的重點單詞1. devote vt. 投入；獻身 2. vote v. 投票（決定）；選舉n. 投票, 選票,表決, 得票數(shù)3. reward n. 報酬，獎金vt. 酬謝，給以報答4. equal adj. 平等的；相等的5. advise v. 建議重點詞組1. be in prison 在獄中，被監(jiān)禁2. out of work 失業(yè),出問題3. lose heart 喪失勇氣或信心重點句子1.We were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the Government. 2. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.三、知識講解考點/易錯點1 關系副詞的具體用法在定語從句中，關系詞的選擇要根據(jù)先行詞在定語從句中所作成分來決定，如果關系詞在定語從句中充當主語、賓語、定語和表語時，關系詞用關系代詞；如果作狀語則選用關系副詞。關系副詞的用法： when 指時間，在從句中作時間狀語關系副詞 where 指地點，在從句中作地點狀語 why 指原因，在從句中作原因狀語 when，where，why屬于關系副詞，都在其引導的定語從句中充當狀語，其具體用法如下： 1.關系副詞when引導定語從句（包括限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句）修飾表示時間 的先行詞，在定語從句中充當時間狀語。IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstmetJennifer.我仍然記得第一次見到詹妮弗的那一天。 Nextmonth,whenyoullspendyoursummerholidaysinyourhometown,isapproaching.下個月即將來臨，屆時你們將在家鄉(xiāng)度暑假。 2.關系副詞where引導定語從句（包括限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句）修飾表示地點的先行詞，在定語從句中充當?shù)攸c狀語。Thisistheofficewhereheworked.這就是他工作過的辦公室。SheisgoingtoliveinMacao,whereshehassomeclosefriends.她要到澳門去定居，在那里她有幾個密友。 3.關系副詞why引導限定性定語從句修飾先行詞reason，在定語從句中充當原因狀語。 Idontknowthereasonwhyhecamesolate.我不知道他來得那么晚的原因。ThatisthereasonwhyIdontwanttogo.那就是我不想去的理由。Hedidnttellmethereasonwhyhewassoupset.他沒有告訴我他為什么那樣心煩意亂?？键c/易錯點2 關系副詞使用注意事項 1.并非先行詞表示時間或地點時都分別用when或where來引導相應的定語從句，若關 系詞在修飾表示時間或地點的先行詞的定語從句中充當主語、賓語等而不是狀語 時，需用which或that引導相應的定語從句。 例如：Doyoustillrememberthedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherinschool? 你還記得我們一起在學校度過的那些日子嗎？ 2.先行詞thedays表時間，但是其定語從句的引導詞在定語從句中作賓語而不是狀語，因此不能用when而應該用which或that。 3.that有時可以代替定語從句中的關系副詞when，where，why，且that?？梢允÷?， 例如：Thisisthetime（when/that）hearrived. 這是他到達的時間。 考點/易錯點3 關系副詞=介詞+關系代詞定語從句中中的介詞或定語從句的謂語部分中的介詞有時會提前到關系代詞前面，形成“介詞+關系代詞”的結構，使用該結構要注意以下幾點：（一）. 介詞的確定很多情況下關系副詞用摻櫬剩玾hich/whom斃創(chuàng)媯瑺其中該結構中的介詞應依據(jù)定語從句的謂語部分的習慣搭配或介詞與先行詞的搭配來決定，例如： Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands? （根據(jù)shake hands with 確定）He built a telescope through which he could study the skies. （根據(jù)先行詞的需要確定，即 through the telescope）ThedaywhenImetthefamouspopstarwasthegreatestdayofmylife. =ThedayonwhichImetthefamouspopstarwasthegreatestdayofmylife.見到這位著名歌星的那天是我一生中最重要的日子。 IshallneverforgetthoseyearswhenIlivedwithher. = IshallneverforgetthoseyearsduringwhichIlivedwithher. 我將永遠不會忘記我跟她生活的那些歲月。 (二)該結構中的關系代詞的使用 介詞放在關系代詞之前是，關系代詞不用that。指物時用which; 指人時用whom, 作定語時用whoseThe factory in which he once worked is torn down. The woman to whom I talked just now is my English teacher.Last month, part of the province was struck by floods, from whose effects the people are still suffering.(三) 介詞+關系代詞結構的省略當主從句主語一致是，介詞+關系代詞引導的定語從句可以省略成“介詞+關系代詞+不定式”結構I have a computer with which I can look for much information. I have a computer with which to look for much information.(四) “名詞+of+ which” 常代替 “whose+名詞” 在定語從句中作定語 This is the house, whose window was broken last night.四、例題精析【例題1】 【題干】A bank is the place _ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. A. when B. that C. where D. There 【答案】C 【解析】先行詞是地點，在定語從句中做狀語?！纠}2】 【題干】Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks. A. when B. which C. where D. While 【答案】C 【解析】先行詞是物，但在定語從句中做狀語?！纠}3】 【題干】The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister _ she would stay for an hour. A. where B. who C. which D. What 【答案】A 【解析】有兩個詞可以充當先行詞，lessons¢er，根據(jù)定語從句可以判斷出是center在句中做狀語。五、課堂運用【基礎】 1. This is the factory _ I worked 10 years ago. A. where B. that C. what D. why【答案】A【解析】A 先行詞factory做work的狀語。 2. A bank is the place _ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. A. when B. that C. where D. there【答案】C【解析】C 先行詞是地點，在定語從句中做狀語3. Is there a shop around _ we can buy some toilet articles? A. that B. which C. where D. what【答案】C【解析】C 先行詞shop在定語從句中做狀語?！眷柟獭?4. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks. A. when B. which C. where D. while【答案】C 【解析】C 先行詞是物，但在定語從句中做狀語。 5. He has lost the key to the drawer _ the papers are kept. A. whereB. on which C. under whichD. which【答案】A【解析】A 先行詞drawer在定語從句中做狀語。6. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _ live my grandparents and some relatives. A. whichB. that C. who D. where【答案】D【解析】D 定語從句是倒裝，還原成正常語序是my grandparents and some relatives live ，所以，不難看出，先行詞Guangzhou在句中做狀語?！景胃摺?7. Shell never forget her stay there _ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. A. that B. which C. where D. when【答案】D【解析】D 先行詞是stay，還原到定語從句中表示時間的延續(xù)。 8. Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradually. A. that B. where C. whichD. whose【答案】B【解析】B planet在定語從句中做狀語。 9. Mozart