企業(yè)常用英文縮寫解釋.ppt

1,楊應(yīng)強(qiáng),Microflash electronics(Shenzhen)co.,ltd,2,CONTENTS,一.企業(yè)常用英文縮寫(item 155) 二. 品質(zhì)不良常用英文(item 150) 三.部份材料英文名稱(item 128) 四.外貿(mào)中常見英文縮寫詞(item 161) 五. E-MAIL 常用英文及注意事項(xiàng) (item 14&110),3,1. AVL : 認(rèn)可的供應(yīng)商清單(Approved Vendor List ) 對提供企業(yè)產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的眾 多供應(yīng)商中,某些符合公司的策略,對產(chǎn)品服務(wù)的要求,而成為合格或認(rèn)可的供應(yīng)商. 2. BOM :物料清單(Bill Of Material) 3.ECRN 原件規(guī) 格更改通知(Engineer Change Request Notice) 現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)品更換零件或原包材規(guī)格時,通知採購 部門依新規(guī)格採購 甚至變 更BOM 的憑據(jù).,一.企業(yè)常用英文縮寫,4,4.EOQ :基本經(jīng) 濟(jì)訂 購 量(Economic Order Quantity ) 經(jīng)濟(jì)批量法乃指為使每次發(fā)單之訂貨成本,儲存成本,購貨成本之總 和為最低的量. 5.ERP 企業(yè)資源規(guī)劃 (Enterprise Resource Planning ) 於1998年在制造業(yè) 市場上掀起一陣 熱潮 ,ERP 乃是一種企業(yè)再造的解決方案,藉由資訊 科技的協(xié)助,將 企業(yè) 的營 運(yùn)策略及經(jīng)營模式導(dǎo)入整個以資訊系統(tǒng)為主干的企業(yè)體之中,其非只是科技的改變 ,而是牽涉到組織 內(nèi)部所有關(guān)於人員,資金,物流,制造及企業(yè)及企業(yè)內(nèi)部所有關(guān)於人員,資金,物流,制造及企業(yè)內(nèi)部之跨地域或跨國際之流程整合管理. 6. FCST 預(yù)估(Forecast) 目前只在報(bào)表中看到一次，通常會與報(bào)表的性質(zhì)相關(guān)，如銷售報(bào)表上為銷售預(yù)估，庫存報(bào)表上為庫存預(yù)估,一.企業(yè)常用英文縮寫,5,7.FQC成品品質(zhì)管制 (Finish or Final Quality Control) 成品未裝箱前的品管工作。 8. IPQC製程品質(zhì)管制 (In-Process Quality Control) 產(chǎn)品未完成前，尚在製程中的品管工作。 9. IQC進(jìn)料品質(zhì)管制 (Incoming Quality Control) 所有原物料在進(jìn)廠前的品質(zhì)管制. 10.ISO國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)組織 (International Organization for Standardization),一.企業(yè)常用英文縮寫,6,11. JIT豐田式即時管理 (Just In Time) a.零庫存。用戶需要多少，就供應(yīng)多少。不會產(chǎn)生庫存，佔(zhàn)用流動資金。 b.最大節(jié)約。用戶不需求的商品，就不用訂購，可避免商品積壓、過時質(zhì)變等不良品浪費(fèi)，也可避免裝卸、搬運(yùn)以及庫存等費(fèi)用。 C.零廢品。JIT能最大限度地限制廢品流動所造成的損失。廢品隻能停留在供應(yīng)方，不可能配送給客戶。,12.MPS主生產(chǎn)排程 (Master Production Scheduling),13.MRP物料需求規(guī)劃 (Material Requirement Planning),一.企業(yè)常用英文縮寫,7,14.MRPII製造資源計(jì)劃 (Manufacturing Resource Planning) 從MRP發(fā)展出來並非取代傳統(tǒng)MRP，而是在生產(chǎn)規(guī)劃的同時，將著眼點(diǎn)擴(kuò)展到人事、財(cái)務(wù)、行銷、管理等層面，融合各部門作業(yè)所需考量之實(shí)務(wù)需求，而非局限於單純之產(chǎn)銷供需，以使企業(yè)整體之運(yùn)作能更加地有效率及制度化。 15.OQC出貨品質(zhì)管制 (Out-going Quality Control) 出貨前的品質(zhì)管制。,16.AQL 品質(zhì)允收水準(zhǔn) (acceptable quality level) 17. Assy 裝配 Assembly,18. CD-ROM光碟機(jī) Compact Disk Read Only Memory,一.企業(yè)常用英文縮寫,8,19. CE零件工程 Component Engineering 20. CPU 中央處理單元Center Process Unit 21. DVD數(shù)位影像顯示器 Digital Video Display 22. ECN工程變更通知Engineering Change Notice,23. ECR工程變更需求Engineering Change Request 24. ETA預(yù)計(jì)到達(dá)時間Estimated time of arrival 25. ETD預(yù)計(jì)交貨時間Estimated time of delivery,一.企業(yè)常用英文縮寫,9,26.FDD硬式磁碟機(jī)Floppy Disk Driver 27. FIFO先進(jìn)先出First In First Out 28. FYR僅供參考For Your Reference 29. HDD 硬式磁碟機(jī) Hard Disk Drive 30. IE工業(yè)工程Industrial Engineering 31. LAN區(qū)域綱路Local Area Network 32. LCD液晶顯示器Liquid Crystal Display 33. LED發(fā)光二極管Light Emitting Diode,一.企業(yè)常用英文縮寫,10,34. ME制造/機(jī)械工程Manufacturing/Mechanical Engineering 35. MFG制造 Manufacture 36. MI領(lǐng)料單Material Issue Ticket 37. MIS管理資訊系統(tǒng)Management Information System 38. MO制造工單Manufacturing Order 39. MR退料單Material Return(Ticket) 40. MRB物料審驗(yàn)會議Material Review Board 41. P/N料號 Parts Number,一.企業(yè)常用英文縮寫,11,42.P/R產(chǎn)品試作 Pilot Run 43. PC個人電腦Personal Computer/Desktop&Server System 44. PCB主機(jī)板 Personal Computer Board/Mother Board/Main Board 45. PCB印刷電路板 Printed Circuit Board 46.PMC 生產(chǎn)物料控制 Product and Material Control 47. R/D研究開發(fā)(product)Research&Development,48. RM入庫單(M/O)Receipt Ticket,一.企業(yè)常用英文縮寫,12,52. SOP作業(yè)程序標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Standard Operation Procedure 53. SPC統(tǒng)計(jì)制程品管 Statistical Process Control 54. SQC供應(yīng)商品質(zhì)檢驗(yàn) Subcontractor Quality Control 55. TE測試工程Test Engineering 56. TQC全面品質(zhì)管制Total Quality Control 55. WIP 正存放在生產(chǎn)線上的制品 Working in process,一.企業(yè)常用英文縮寫,13,二. 品質(zhì)不良常用英文,1.標(biāo)識不清Marking isnt clear 2.標(biāo)簽錯誤 Label error 3.變形 Deformation 4.毛邊 Burr(metallic),flash(plastic) 5.段差Throw,step 6.頂白/打白Ejecting marks 7.脫落Keep out,come off,drop off,peel off 8.多件 Extra Component 9.缺件 Missing Component/ Lack in parts 10.錯件 Wrong Component,14,11.損件 Component damaged 12.流痕 Flow mark 13.刮傷 Scratch 14.混料 Mixed material 15.缺料 Short shots,20.縮水 Sink marks 21.拖痕 Dragging 22.黏模part sticking 23.龜裂裂痕 Cracking 24. 結(jié)合線 融合線 Weld lines 25.噴射痕Jetting,16.翹曲 Warpage 17. 焦痕 Burn spots 18. 銀線 Silver streaks,26.黑點(diǎn)料污 Black specks 27.氣泡 Voids/Blister 28.光澤不良 Cloudy,19.表層剝離 Laminations,二. 品質(zhì)不良常用英文,15,29.生鏽/氧化 Rust/Oxidation 30.雜質(zhì) Foreign material;foreign matter 31. (零件)錯位 Misplace component &Putting in the wrong position,32.錯件 Incorrect component& Incorrect parts used 33.錯位 Incorrect/Wrong position 34.色偏差 Color deviation 35.損件Damaged Component/parts 36.印刷不良/錯誤 Misprint 37.異物 Foreign material,二. 品質(zhì)不良常用英文,16,38.移位 Shift location 39.外觀 Appearance;Outside appearance 40.未點(diǎn)膠 Missing glue 41.污點(diǎn)/體 Spot/dirt 42.歪斜 Slanting,tilt,43.色差 : aberration 44.泛白 :blushing 45.污斑,油污: grease pits 46.廢料 : scrap,47.黑點(diǎn) :black points 48.霧化 : atomization 49. 不良數(shù) : Defect qty 50.不良率: Failure rate,二. 品質(zhì)不良常用英文,17,三.部份材料英文名稱,1.名板 Name plate 2.條碼標(biāo)簽 Bar code 3.銅柱 Stand off/Screw hex 4.彈片Spring blade 5.鐵片扣架 Bracket 6.零件 Component/spare parts 7.螺孔 Screw hole 8.螺牙Thread 9.螺絲 Screws 10.干燥劑/除濕劑Oxygen Absorber-食品用,18,11.警告標(biāo)簽 Warning label 12.主機(jī)外殼 Housing 13.主機(jī)板 Main board 14.設(shè)備 Device&Equipment 15.治具Fixture&Instrument 16.夾具 Jig 17.機(jī)器 Machine 18.工具 Tool 19.紙箱 Carton 20.紙箱標(biāo)簽 Carton label,三.部份材料英文名稱,19,21.ABS 丙烯晴-丁二烯-苯己烯塑膠 Acrylonitrible-butadiene styrene plastic 22.AS 苯己烯-丙烯晴共聚物 (SAN) Acrylonitrile styrene plastics 23.HIPS 耐衝擊聚苯己烯 24.PC 聚碳酸酯 Polycarbonate 25.PS 聚苯己烯 Polystyrene 26.PU 聚胺基甲酸己酯 Polyurethane 27.PPO 聚氧化苯 Polypropylene oxide 28.PMMA 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 Poly (methyl a-chloroacrylate),三.部份材料英文名稱,20,四.外貿(mào)中常見英文縮寫詞,1. C&F(cost&freight) 成本加運(yùn)費(fèi)用 2. T/T(telegraphic transfer) 電洭 3. D/P(document against payment)付款交單 4. D/A (document against acceptance)承兌交單 5. C.O (certificate of origin)一般原產(chǎn)地證 6. CTN/CTNS(carton/cartons) 紙箱 7. 8 PCE/PCS(piece/pieces)只支等 8. DL/DLS(dollar/dollars) 美元 9. DOZ/DZ(dozen) 一打 10. PKG(package)一包,一打,一捆,一扎,21,11. WT(weight) 重量 12. G.W.(gross weight)毛重 13. N.W.(net weight) 凈重 14. C/D (customs declaration)報(bào)關(guān)單 15. EA(each)每,各 16. W (with)具有 17.W/O (without )沒有 18. FAC(facsimile)傳真 19. IMP(import)進(jìn)口 20. EXP(export)出口 21. MAX (maximum)最大的,最大限度的 22. MIN (minimum)最小的,最低限度 23.M 或MED (medium)中等,中級 24. M/V(merchant vessel)商船,四.外貿(mào)中常見英文縮寫詞,22,25 S.S(steamship)船運(yùn) 26. DOC (document)單據(jù),文件 27. INT(international)國際的 28. P/L (packing list) 裝箱單,明細(xì)表 29. INV (invoice)發(fā)票 30. PCT (percent)百分比 31. REF (reference) 參考,查價 32. EMS (express mail special)特快傳遞 33. STL.(style)式樣,款式,類型 34. T或LTX或TX(telex)電傳 35. RMB(renminbi)人民幣 36. S/M (shipping marks)運(yùn)輸般標(biāo)志 37. PR或PRC(price) 價格,四.外貿(mào)中常見英文縮寫詞,23,38. PUR (purchase)購買,購貨 39. S/C(sales contract)銷售確認(rèn)書 40. L/C (letter of credit)信用證 41. B/L (bill of lading)提單 42. FOB (free on board)船上交貨,離岸價格 43. CR=credit 貸方,債主 44. DR=debt 借貸方 45. debt card 銀行卡 46. credit card 信用卡 47. Exp=Expense 花費(fèi),費(fèi)用 48. O/H=overhead 常用開支 49. TC=total cost)總費(fèi)用 50. FC=fixed cost 常設(shè)費(fèi)用,四.外貿(mào)中常見英文縮寫詞,24,51. VC=variable cost 變動費(fèi)用 52. P=profit 凈利潤 53. S=sales銷售總額 54. Rev=revenue 利潤 55. MC=marginal cost 費(fèi)用差額 56. GM=gross margin 毛利 57. MR=marginal revenue 利潤差額 58. PMT=payment支付款 59. N/I=net income 純收入 60. AMT=amount 總額 61. DCT=discount打折,四.外貿(mào)中常見英文縮寫詞,25,Data source: James B. De Lange“HOW TO WRITE PROFESSIONAL EMAIL” 1.Request 文件:要求收信人配合達(dá)成某項(xiàng) 目標(biāo)即是所謂的REQUEST文件: 1.1.如果要向?qū)Ψ絤ake a request , 聰 明的用法就是使用 I would appreciate it if you could .( do something). 1.2.重點(diǎn)放在你希望對方配合的事項(xiàng) 上. 尤其應(yīng)該 強(qiáng) 調(diào)你希望對方回覆的截止期限. 類 似像 at your earliest convenience 或 as soon as possible這類 較客套的句子,反而容易因目標(biāo)不明確而增加對方延遲回覆的機(jī)率. 要提供明確的資訊讓 對方知道如何回覆.如please give me a call ,如果只用contact me (注意!不加with在臺灣常見 有人喜歡用contact with me)似乎不夠具體.應(yīng)說明方式email,fax,.等.,五. E-MAIL 常用英文及注意事項(xiàng),26,2.商業(yè)書信中另有一種 Follow-up文件,此類 書信往來多半直接表明來意, 2.1 可用開場白有Per your requirement, As our decision, As you requested .,As we discussed 2.2.商業(yè)書信往來有時亦可使用一些小技巧,其中在Follow-up文件中最常用到的便是 - 為對方留點(diǎn)顏 面,然後順 勢道出解決辦法. Example:I can understand how busy you are this time of year, especially with budget reviews going on. However, I would really appreciate it if you could update me on the status of this order by Friday so that I can inform our customer.,五. E-MAIL 常用英文及注意事項(xiàng),27,2.3.商業(yè)書信有軟 性訴求,當(dāng) 然也有強(qiáng) 硬手段. 其中針 對慢郎中的對手,你就可以使用美國人最愛用的 If I dont hear from you by , I will Example :In order to complete our customers order and deliver on schedule, I will need your reply by September 20 at the latest. If I dont hear from you by October 20, I will assume that you are committed to the travel dates we set in last week Fridays meeting (December 3-6 Shanghai;December 7-8 Beijing). 2.4.慎用“kindly”: Please kindly give me your reply. 對英國人而言可是很不禮貌的.因?yàn)閗indly 和please一樣,當(dāng) 你連說了二次please通常是表示有些生氣和不耐煩的.,五. E-MAIL 常用英文及注意事項(xiàng),28,2.5. I hope.為何不用I wish.,因?yàn)閣ish通常指這件事實(shí) 現(xiàn)的可能性很小.例如. I wish I can fly in sky. 2.6不要再用Your prompt response will be highly appreciated. 或 I would highly appreciate your prompt response. 這類 文字用在follow-up文件根本是裝飾 品. 2.7.常見 的錯誤: 2.7.1. 簡 (縮)寫 Bst rgrds, - 對方看到這種結(jié)語,只會覺得You really like a busy person. 2.7.2.不當(dāng) 寫: REGARDS, Best Regards - 對歐美語系國家字母大寫文句通常是想強(qiáng) 調(diào)某件事,這種大寫 結(jié)尾讓人感覺你是很生氣的結(jié)束本文喔!,五. E-MAIL 常用英文及注意事項(xiàng),29,2.7.3.Truly yours: 這通常是LOVER間才會用到,所以千萬別表錯情囉! 2.7.4.Thanks and best regards: 多禮的中國人最常犯的錯誤Thanks只用於本文,並不適合用來和regards合併使用. 3. 商業(yè)書信中的reminder文件有提醒及催促的作用: 3.1.常用開場白如例句.Just a reminder to you that Just a note to confirm you will be . Im just writing to remind you of 或直接在標(biāo)題列以及正文中註明“reminder”這個 字,可以幫助收信人快速進(jìn)入狀況.,五. E-MAIL 常用英文及注意事項(xiàng),30,五. E-MAIL 常用英文及注意事項(xiàng),3.2.假若你發(fā)此信的目的是提醒對方原先協(xié)議已變 更, 建議你可以將新的內(nèi)容/條款單獨(dú)一個 段落特別敘述,或者也可將其用全部大寫 以及文字加底線 的方式來強(qiáng) 調(diào),提醒對方特別意.example Please note we had originally This location is different from the one we had previously discussed on the phone. Theres been a CHANGE ! Please re-mark your calendars 3.3.當(dāng) 你發(fā)出一份Reminder時, 若需要對方作一個 confirmation的動作,可在結(jié)束語使用下列例句提醒收信人注意. Would you please reply to this email if you plan to attend? If we dont hear from you by May 6, we will assume you will be unable to join us in this effort.,31,五. E-MAIL 常用英文及注意事項(xiàng),4.Postponements 文件: 4.1.Example:看看Nicole如何向James要求暫緩 目前的Training Dear James, I apologize for not replying sooner. Christine is back this week. After we discussed the Management training with our production managers, we are afraid we have to postpone this training due to the recent economic downturn and sales below our projections. Because of this, we are utilizing our financial and time resources in other areas at this time. Production management prefers to postpone this training until at least the 2nd quarter of 2002.,32,五. E-MAIL 常用英文及注意事項(xiàng),Your patience and cooperation are highly appreciated. I will inform you at the appropriate time to reschedule this training. Best regards Nicole 4.2.常犯的錯誤: I apologize you for not replying you sooner .正確應(yīng)是 I apologize for not replying sooner to you.,33,五. E-MAIL 常用英文及注意事項(xiàng),Data Source : e-mail of English 1. If you have any concern please come to me directly w/o hesitation. 2. If you have any question, please keep free contact me at