人教版高一英語(yǔ)必修一Unit-1--Friendship知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解和練習(xí)試卷.doc

Unit 1 Friendship一、語(yǔ)法直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)(1) 陳述句的轉(zhuǎn)換直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)用連詞that(that在口語(yǔ)中常省略)引導(dǎo)，其人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和指示代詞作相應(yīng)的變化。若引述動(dòng)詞用的是saytosb.通常改為tellsb；若直接引語(yǔ)是兩個(gè)并列的陳述句，要注意在第二個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句前加連詞that，引導(dǎo)第一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句的that可省，但引導(dǎo)第二個(gè)從句的that通常不省。例句直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)-一般過(guò)去時(shí)He said,“I walk to school.”“Ihopeyoucancome,”hesaidtome.He said that he walk to school.HetoldmethathehopedIcouldgo.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)-過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)He said,“I am walking to school. ”He said that he was walking to school.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-過(guò)去完成時(shí)He said,“I have walked to school.”Jennysaid,“Ihavelostabook.”He said that he had walked to school.Jennysaidshehadlostabook.一般過(guò)去時(shí)-過(guò)去完成時(shí)He said,“I walked to school.”“IbrokeyourCDplayer.”He said that he had walked to school.HetoldmehehadbrokenmyCDplayer.過(guò)去完成時(shí)-過(guò)去完成時(shí)(不變)He said,“I had walked to school.”He said that he had walked to school.一般將來(lái)時(shí)-過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)He said,“I will walk to school.”Mumsaid,“Illgotoseeafriend.”He said that he would walk to school.Mumsaidshewouldgotoseeafriend.個(gè)別動(dòng)詞，指示代詞，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的變化thisthatthesethosenowthentodaythat dayyesterdaythe day beforethis evening that eveningtomorrowthe next daylast weekthe week beforenext weekthe next weekagobeforeheretherethis placethat placecomegotwodays(years)agotwodays(years)before;thedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbefore;（2）一般疑問(wèn)句的轉(zhuǎn)換直接引語(yǔ)為一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)用if或whether引導(dǎo)，語(yǔ)序?yàn)殛愂鼍湔Z(yǔ)序；若謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后沒(méi)有間接賓語(yǔ)，加上間接賓語(yǔ)me,him,her,us等。1)“Haveyoubeenthere?”heasked.Heaskedmeif/whetherIhadbeenthere.2)Heasked,“AreyouinterestedinEnglish?”HeaskedmeifIwasinterestedinEnglish.3)Hesaid,“Canyourun,Mike?”HeaskedMikewhether/ifhecouldrun.(3)特殊疑問(wèn)句的轉(zhuǎn)換直接引語(yǔ)為特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)用疑問(wèn)詞作為連詞，構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句，語(yǔ)序?yàn)殛愂稣Z(yǔ)序，若直接引語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞為say，改為ask。1)Hesaid,“Jim,whenisthenexttrain?”HeaskedJimwhenthenexttrainwas.2)Heaskedme,“Whydidyoudoit?”HeaskedmewhyIhaddoneit.（4）.祈使句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為“tell(ask,order,beg等)*(not)todosth.”句型。如：“Passmethewater,please.”saidhe.Heaskedhimtopassherthewater.（5）.直接引語(yǔ)如果是以“Lets”開(kāi)頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用“suggest+動(dòng)名詞或從句”的結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Shesaid,“Letsgotothecinema.”Shesuggestedgoingtothecinema.或Shesuggestedthattheyshouldgotothecinema.二、選擇題1、Since Margot found it difficult to settle in a new place, she felt _ that the family had to move. A. upset B. crazy C. happy D. easy2、When I came _ with the teenager, I was surprised to find him _covered with dust. A. face-to-face; entirely B. face to face; entire C. in face of; completely D. face to face; entirely 3、It was in 1969 _ two Americans went to the moon by spaceship.A. when B. that C. at that time D. just then4、The heavy rain made his business _ a great loss.A. sufferB. suffer from C. suffering D. suffering from5、I am tired _ the partner I have been working with; he is too hard a person_. A. with; to get along with B. from; to be got along with C. of; to get along with D. of; getting along with 6、When I met her this morning, I went up to greet her but I _ and she continued her way. A. was kept away B. was ignored C. was left alone D. was kept away 7、Remember never to leave your dog _. It might bite people around. A. lose B. lost C. losing D. loose 8、The hostess left the money on the table _purpose to test the honesty of her maid. A. with B. in C. on D. for 9、Some children are too selfish today. They should be taught to _things with others so that they will show concern for others. A. live B. give C . share D. enjoy 10、_improve her English, Jenny bought a lot of tapes for herself. A. So as to B. In order that C. So that D. In order to 三、將下列各句轉(zhuǎn)化為間接引語(yǔ)1.Susansaidtohersister,“Iwillturnonthelightforyou.”Susantoldhersister.2.Hesaidtome,“Iamgoingtohavemyhaircuttoday.”Hetoldme.3.Herhusbandaskedher,“Doesthedressfit?”Herhusbandaskedher.4.MrLiusaidtothestudents,“Theearthgoesaroundthesun.”MrLiutoldthestudents.5.Sheasked,“Whatdidyoudoyesterday?”Sheasked.四.完形填空“Sheisa1.”Myheartachedwhenmybestfriendsaidthat.Howcouldshe?Mybestfriend,Cathy.Irandownthehall,notwantingtolook2.Iwantedtoforgeteverything.Thenextday,Ifacedmybestfriend.“Whydidyousaythatyesterday?”shelookedatme3.“Whatareyoutalkingabout?Ifitwasaboutyesterday,Iwasjustjoking!”shereplied.Ibelievedwhatshehadsaid.Afewdaysafterthat,Ifellill.I4onthebed,staringatthephone.Ring!Yes!Shefinallycalled!“Hello?Cathy?”Ishoutedintothephone.Asoftvoicecalledout.“ErmmNo.Itsme,Cindy.”Greatdisappointment5me.Wetalkedafewminutesandshehungup.Thenextday,Iwas6again.IwentroundthewholeschoollookingforCathy.“Canyoubelieveit?ShethoughtthatIwouldreallybeherfriend.”Cathysvoiceroselouderwitheachword.Iwas7thatshewouldburstoutlaughing,sayingshewasjoking.Shedid.Butshewasnot8.Shewaslaughingatmeforbeingafool.“AmIreallyafailure?”Ifelt9.“Areyouokay?”Thatfamiliarsoftvoicewas10.Ilookedup.Cindyseyesonlyshowedconcern.Inoddedmyheadandwavedmyhand,11hertoleave.Amonthpassedby.Ismiledandwalkedthroughthecrowd12adeskthatIpassedbyoften.“Readytogoshopping?”Iasked.“Sure!”The13wasnotCathysbutCindys.Together,wewalkeddownthehallwayandoutofthedoor.Ihavewokenupfromadream.Choosefriendsfor14theyare.Friendshipafterallisthe15thatbringswarmthtotheheart.1.A.friend B.success C.failure D.talent2.A.back B.forward C.up D.down3.A.only B.simply C.shameful D.mindful4.A.lied B.lay C.lain D.laid5.A.randownB.ranoutC.ranthrough D.ranover6.A.ill B.sick C.well D.health7.A.worriedB.eager C.long D.anxious8.A.laughingB.joking C.saying D.stopping9.A.worthy B.worthwhile C.worth D.worthless10.A.upsettingB.surprising C.comforting D.discouraging11.A.calling B.called C.telling D.told12.A.across B.towards C.at D.from13.A.girl B.desk C.voice D.sound14.A.who B.that C.which D.what15.A.bridge B.garden C.rainbow D.wine五.語(yǔ)法填空Everyone had a childhood. And childhood experiences are often very funny. Children often make us_(laugh). Its true children brighten up a home. They never turn off the lights.I often recall my childhood, the years many interesting things happened. When I was a two-year-old child, both my parents were always very busy with their work. My mother worked a sales manager in a company while my father served in army. So I lived with my grandma in a village. I was always waiting for my parents at home. Once my father (send) us a photo of his in a soldiers uniform, was posted on the table reminding me of him. Once my mother came to see me and we went (shop) together. On the way we saw a group of soldiers. And when I saw them, I became very (excite). I said in a ringing voice pointing to , “This is my father, and this is my father, and that is my father, too!” My mother said she would remember that moment all her life.五.閱讀理解，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案A篇Mr.Langworkedinafactory.Asadriver,hewasbusybuthewaspaidmuch.Hiswifewasanablewomananddidallthehousework.Whenhecameback,shetookgoodcareofhimandheneverdidanythingathome.Sohehadenoughtimewhenhehadaholiday.Afewfriendsofhislikedgambling(賭博)andhelearneditsoon.Sohewasinterestedinitandhardlyforgotanythingexceptgambling. Helostallhismoneyandlaterhebegantosellthetelevision,watchesandsoon.Hiswifetoldhimnottodoitbuthedidntlistentoher.Shehadtotellthepolice.Heandhisfriendswerepunishedforit.Andhewashardlysentaway.Afterhecameoutoflockup(拘留所),hehatedherverymuchandthewomanhadtoleave him.ItwasNewYearsDay.Mr.Langdidntgotowork.Hefeltlonelyandwantedtogambleagain.Hecalledhisfriendsandtheycamesoon.Buttheywereafraidthepolicewouldcome.Hetoldhisfive-year-oldsontogotofindoutiftherewerethepolicemenoutside.Theywaitedforalongtimeanddidntthinkthepolicewouldcomeandbegantogamble.Suddenlyopenedthedoorandincameafewpolicemen.“Isawtherewerentanypolicemenoutside,daddy，”saidtheboy,“soIwenttothecrossingandaskedsometocome.”1Mr.Langwaspaidmuchbecause_.Ahewasadriver BheworkedinafactoryChehadalotofworktodo Dhehadworkedthereforalongtime2Mrs. Lang did all housework because_. Ashe couldnt find any work Bshe thought her husband was tiredCherhusbandspentalltimeingambling Dshewouldntstopherhusbandgambling3_，sohewasputintolockup.AMr.LangoftengambledBMr.LangwaslateforworkCMr.LangdidnthelphiswifeathomeDMr.Langwasntpolitetothepolice4ThewomanhadtoleaveMr.LangbecauseAhedidntloveheranylonger BhewouldntstopgamblingChehadbeenputintolockup Dhewashardlysentawaybythefactory5Whichofthefollowingisright?ATheboyhopedhisfathertobeputintolockupagain. BTheboythoughthisfatherneededsomepolicemen.CTheboyhopedhisfathertostopgamblingsoon.DTheboyhopedhismothertocomeback.B篇Itwasaquietvillageinwhichtherewasamilitarycamp.Itwasfarfromthetownsandcitiesandthereweresomehighmountainsaround.Ofcourseitwasagoodplacefortrainingthenewsoldiers.Butitwasdifficultfortheyoungmentogooutside.Mr.White,anofficerofforty,wasstrictwiththemandhehardlyletthemleavethecamp.OnceMr.Whitewasillinbed.Hecouldntworkandayoungofficer,Mr.Hunt,begantotrainthenewsoldiersinsteadofhim.Heknewtheyoungmenwellandletninesoldiersgotothenearesttowntohaveaholiday.Butnightfellandnonecamebacktothecamp.Hewasworriedaboutitandstoodatthegate.ItwasfivetotwelvewhenMr.Huntdecidedtogotothetownandseewhatwashappeningwiththeyoungmen.Hestartedthecarquicklyandsetoff.Atthatmomenttheninesoldierscameback.Itseemedtheywerealldrunk.Ofcoursetheyfoundtheofficerwasangry.“Imsorry,sir，”saidthefirstsoldier.“Ileftthetownontime.Butsomethingwaswrongwithmybusonmywayhere.Ihadtobuyahorseandmadeitrunfast.Badluck!ItdiedandIhadtorunback.”Andtheothersevensoldierssaidtheywerelateforthesamereason.Itwasthelastsoldiersturn.Hesaid,“Imsorry,sir.Igotonabusontime,but.”Havingheardthis,theofficerbecameevenangrierandstoppedhimatonce.Hecalledout,“Ifyousaysomethingwaswrongwithyourbus,Illpunishyouatonce！”“No,no,sir，”saidtheyoungman.“Mybuswasallright,butthedeadhorseswereinitsway！”6Themilitarycampwasbuiltinthevillageto_.Astopthesoldiersgoingtotowns BstopthesoldiersmeetingtheirfriendsCtrainthenewsoldiers Dmaketheyoungmenlivequietly7Mr.Huntlettheninesoldiershaveaholidaybecause_.Ahewaskindtothem BtheyfeltlonelyCtheyhadsomethingimportanttodo Dtheywerethebestofall8Theyoungofficerwasworriedbecause_.AatrafficaccidenthadhappenedBhewasafraidsomethinghappenedtotheninesoldiersCtheninesoldiersdidntcomebackontimeDtheninesoldiersdranktoomuchinthetown9Theninesoldiersreturnedtothecamplatebecause_.AsomethingwaswrongwiththeirbusesBtheirhorsesdiedonthereturnwayCittookthemmuchtimetorunbackDtheyallhaddrunkmuchinthetown10Whichanswerdoyouthinkright?AIllbelieveonlythelastsoldier.BTheofficerbelievedtheninesoldiers.CIllbelievenoneoftheninesoldiers.DTheofficerwontpunishhissoldiers.答案1. that she would turn on the light for her 2. that he was going to have his hair cut that day 3. whether/if the dress fitted 4. that the earth goes around the sun 5. what I had done the day before完形填空：解析：被自己的好朋友說(shuō)成失敗者， 1. C 解析：從下文 “Am I really a failure?” 可知2. A “我”十分傷心，頭也不回地跑開(kāi)了。 3. B 解析：當(dāng)“我”質(zhì)問(wèn)好友時(shí)，她十分坦然地說(shuō)那只是她的玩笑。 4. B 解析：lie (lied, lied)說(shuō)謊；lie (lay, lain) vi. 平躺；lay (laid, laid) vt. 擱置， 平放。這里是說(shuō)“躺在床上” ，故選 B。 5. C 解析：run down 撞到；run out 用完；run through 傳遍，貫穿；run over 碾過(guò)，壓過(guò)。6. C 解析：上文提到“我”生病了，過(guò)了一天后， “我”的病好了又回到了學(xué)校。 7. D 解析：這里描述了“我”的心理活動(dòng)，焦急的期望著好友能笑著說(shuō)那是個(gè)玩笑。 8. B 解析：聯(lián)系上一句，好友所說(shuō)的不是個(gè)玩笑，而是真的在嘲笑“我” 。 9. D 解析：好友的話傷了“我”的心， “我”開(kāi)始懷疑自己是否真是那么失敗，感覺(jué)到了這段友 情很沒(méi)有價(jià)值。 10. C 解析：正當(dāng)“我”難過(guò)的時(shí)候，Cindy 過(guò)來(lái)安慰“我”了。 11. A 解析：分詞作狀語(yǔ)，意思是“喚上她和我一起離開(kāi)” 。 12. B 解析：穿過(guò)人群，走向那張桌子。 13. C 解析：指人的嗓音用 voice。這里說(shuō)傳來(lái)的是 Cindy 的聲音。 14. D 解析： “我”從這次事件中吸取的教訓(xùn)是，擇友應(yīng)選擇她們的本質(zhì)。 15. C 解析：友誼如虹，溫暖彼此的心靈。語(yǔ)法填空【小題1】laugh 【小題2】th