八年級(jí)英語上冊 Module4精品備課資料 外研版.doc

教學(xué)資料參考范本八年級(jí)英語上冊 Module4精品備課資料 外研版撰寫人：_時(shí) 間：_三點(diǎn)剖析單詞典句考點(diǎn) since conj.自從【經(jīng)典例句】They have been friends since childhood.他們自幼時(shí)起一直是好朋友?！究键c(diǎn)聚焦】 1)since和for短語都可表示時(shí)間段,since 后接時(shí)間點(diǎn),而for后接時(shí)間段。如:since two days ago/20xx/last week;for two days/three years/five hours2)since后還可接從句,從句使用一般過去時(shí)。如:She has taught here since she left school.自從畢業(yè)以來,她一直在這兒教書。3)對for或since提問時(shí),都用how long?！净顚W(xué)活用】1.對畫線部分提問Wei Hua has been ill since her mother left. 答案：How long has Wei Hua been ill?raise v.籌集;收集【經(jīng)典例句】Our aim is to raise money for a charity.我們的目的是為慈善組織籌錢?！究键c(diǎn)聚焦】1)注意:raise還常作“舉起,抬高”講,如:raise your hand 舉起手來。2)形近詞:rise v.上升,不及物動(dòng)詞。如:The sun rises in the east every day.太陽每天從東方升起。importantadj.重要的【經(jīng)典例句】Its very important to learn English because it is widely used in the world.學(xué)英語很重要,因?yàn)樗谑澜绶秶鷥?nèi)廣泛使用?！究键c(diǎn)聚焦】1)派生詞:importance n. 重要性,the importance of. 意思是“的重要性”;2)important 一詞常用在“Its important for sb.to do sth.”句型中,表示“做某事對某人來說很重要”?！净顚W(xué)活用】2.選擇 is very important for people to protect the environment.A.ThisB.ThatC.It D.They答案：Cill adj.生病的【經(jīng)典例句】She cant go to school because she is ill.她不能上學(xué)了,因?yàn)樗×??！究键c(diǎn)聚焦】 1)派生詞:illness n.病2)同義詞辨析:ill和sick都有“生病”之意,ill作“生病的”講時(shí)只可作表語,不可作定語;sick既可作定語,又可作表語。如:a sick person 一個(gè)病人?！净顚W(xué)活用】3.單句改錯(cuò)The ill boy has been ill in bed for three days.答案：第一個(gè)ill改為sickluckily adv.幸運(yùn)地【經(jīng)典例句】He passed the exam luckily.他幸運(yùn)地通過了考試?！究键c(diǎn)聚焦】1)luckily可修飾動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子,如:Luckily,he is not badly ill.幸虧他病得不重。2)派生詞:luck n. 運(yùn)氣。如:Good luck to you!祝你好運(yùn)!lucky adj.幸運(yùn)的,幸虧。如:You are really a lucky dog.你真是個(gè)幸運(yùn)兒。3)反義詞:unluckily不幸地;同義詞:fortunately?！净顚W(xué)活用】4.用所給詞的正確形式填空He is too to pass the exam.But ,he can take an exam again.Wish him good next time.(luck)答案：unlucky;luckily;luckpoint n.點(diǎn),分;v.指著,指【經(jīng)典例句】We won by 5 points.我們贏了5分。【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1)用于讀小數(shù)時(shí),如:2.3讀作two point three;2)point 作動(dòng)詞時(shí),常用在point at/to短語中,意思是“指著,指向”,如:Its impolite to point to/at others with your chopsticks.用筷子指著別人是不禮貌的。短語典句考點(diǎn) get on with 與相處【經(jīng)典例句】 Im getting on well with my classmates.我和同學(xué)們相處得很好?！究键c(diǎn)聚焦】1)同義短語:get along well with sb.與某人相處得好;2)get on/along with sth.某事進(jìn)展得【活學(xué)活用】5.翻譯句子你的工作進(jìn)展得如何? 答案：How are you getting along with your work?an eight-year -old boy 一個(gè)八歲的男孩【經(jīng)典例句】He cant do that.He is only an eight-year-old boy.他不可能做得了那件事。他只不過是個(gè)八歲的孩子?！究键c(diǎn)聚焦】1)這個(gè)短語中包含一個(gè)復(fù)合形容詞,其結(jié)構(gòu)為“數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞”,中間有兩個(gè)連字符,用作定語;2)還要注意不用連字符的時(shí)候描述某人或某物的狀況,通常作表語。如:She is twelve years old.她十二歲。【活學(xué)活用】6.根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示完成句子I wrote a letter.(我寫了一封兩千字的信。)He is 2.1 .(他2.1米高。)答案：twothousandword;metres tallstop doing sth.停止做【經(jīng)典例句】We stopped running when it began to rain.天開始下雨時(shí)我們就停止跑步了。【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1)stop doing sth.強(qiáng)調(diào)停止一直在做的事;stop to do sth.強(qiáng)調(diào)停下來去做另一件事;2)stop.from doing sth.意思是“阻止做某事”?！净顚W(xué)活用】7.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空They were very tired,but they didnt stop (have) a rest.When the teacher came in,the students stopped (talk).答案：to have;talkinglook after 照顧【經(jīng)典例句】She has to look after her younger brother.她不得不照顧她的小弟弟?！究键c(diǎn)聚焦】1)同義詞組:take care of 照顧,照料;2)要記住以look為中心的一些短語:look at 看look for 尋找 look out 注意;當(dāng)心look over 檢查(身體);翻閱look up 在字典中查look forward to盼望;期待【活學(xué)活用】8.用上面look短語的適當(dāng)形式填空Ive my watch everywhere(到處).Youd better this word in your dictionary.He has his sick mother for many years.答案：looked for;look up;looked afterwith the help of.在的幫助下【經(jīng)典例句】With the help of his teacher,he passed the exam.在老師的幫助下,他通過了考試?！究键c(diǎn)聚焦】1)同義詞組:with ones help,如:with his teachers help。2)help作動(dòng)詞時(shí)的用法:help sb.(to) do sth./help sb.with sth.意為“幫助某人做某事”。【活學(xué)活用】9.根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示完成句子 (在因特網(wǎng)的幫助下),we can chat online. 答案：With the help of the Internetpay for 付款,支付【經(jīng)典例句】If you lose the library book,you must pay for it.如果你丟了圖書館的書,你就必須賠償。【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1)可以是pay for sth.或pay some money for sth.如:I paid three yuan for a pen.我花三元錢買了枝鋼筆。2)花錢買某物還可以說：spend some money on sth./sth.cost sb.some money.because of 因?yàn)椤窘?jīng)典例句】I didnt go out because of rain.因?yàn)橄掠?所以我沒有出去?！究键c(diǎn)聚焦】1)because of是介詞短語,后接名詞或名詞短語;2)注意與because的區(qū)別:because后接從句,如:I didnt go out because it rained.【活學(xué)活用】10.選擇 the heavy snow last winter,the wheat is growing well now.A.BecauseB.Because ofC.ForD.Since答案：B句子剖析拓展 Its easier to learn a foreign language when you visit the country.當(dāng)你在那個(gè)國家時(shí),學(xué)外語就容易些?！酒饰觥?)句中it 是形式主語,真正的主語是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式短語to learn a foreign language,其句型是:It+be+adj./n.+to do sth.2)when you visit the country是時(shí)間狀語從句?！就卣埂縤t 除作形式主語外,也可作形式賓語,其后常用不定式作真正的賓語,常見句型為sb.find it difficult to do sth.。He finds it difficult to learn English well without speak it a lot.他發(fā)現(xiàn)在不常說英語的情況下學(xué)好它很困難。Its important for him to work on their farm because there are seven people in Lius family and they are very poor.對他來說,在他們農(nóng)場干活很重要,因?yàn)閯⒓矣衅呖谌瞬⑶壹依镞€很窮?！酒饰觥?)前半句還是基本句型:It+be+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.，表示“對某人來說,做某事是”;2)后半句是由because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句?！就卣埂咳绻枋鲎瞿呈碌娜说臓顩r,要用It+be+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.句型。Its very kind of you to help me with my English.你幫我學(xué)英語真是太好了。Many children like Li Yinming and Liu Sanzi cant get an education because their families are poor.因?yàn)榧依锔F,像李因明和劉三子這樣的許多孩子都無法接受教育?！酒饰觥拷樵~短語like Li Yinming and Liu Sanzi 作children 的定語?！就卣埂啃稳菰~作定語一般置于名詞之前,短語作定語一般放在被修飾的名詞或代詞之后。Liquid like water can be made into different shapes.像水一樣的液體可以被制成不同形狀。In the last fifteen years,this project has raised money and paid for the education of 2.5 million poor students in rural areas.在過去的15年里,希望工程已為250萬鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)的貧困學(xué)生籌集并支付了教育費(fèi)用。【剖析】1)這是and連接的并列句,raised money 和paid for the education 是兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)作;2)in the last fifteen years常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用?！就卣埂俊癷n the last+一段時(shí)間”還可用“in the past+一段時(shí)間”,指“在過去的(一段時(shí)間)”,從過去到現(xiàn)在的一段時(shí)間,因此用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。In the past three months,he was learned to operate the machine.在過去的三個(gè)月里，他學(xué)會(huì)了操作這臺(tái)機(jī)器。語法剖析現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)自述(三)今天來講講我的第三種用法吧:我還能表示過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。我常與for/since連用,而且要求動(dòng)詞都必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,提問時(shí)要用how long。有人問我,如果是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞怎么辦?那就變成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞唄。仔細(xì)讀讀下表吧:非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞beLeavebe away (from)Beginbe onBuyhaveBorrowkeepDiebedeadjoin the Leaguebe a League memberbe in the League如:They left Beijing ten years ago.They have been away from Beijing for ten years/since ten years ago.How long have they been away from Beijing?注意:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能跟表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用,如:yesterday,last night,three years ago,in 19xx等;一般過去時(shí)只表示過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系,可以跟表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。如:I have already seen the film.我已看過這部電影。I saw the film last week.我上周看了這部電影。典題精講經(jīng)典題型例1（20xx南通中考）What bad weather we have!It has rained the day before yesterday.A.onB.forC.sinceD./思路解析：此題題意是“天氣太糟了,從前天起就一直下雨”。句子用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),而且the day before yesterday又是時(shí)間點(diǎn),因此用since,故答案為C。黑色陷阱：本題有兩處陷阱：一是沒有注意到句子用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)而誤選D;二是搞不清the day before yesterday是時(shí)間點(diǎn)還是時(shí)間段而誤選B。例2（20xx上海中考）The cheese cake tasted so that the kids asked for more.A.deliciousB.wellC.badD.badly思路解析：此題題意是“這種奶酪蛋糕很好吃,所以孩子們要了更多”。so.that.句型是包含結(jié)果狀語從句的復(fù)合句,that之后的從句表結(jié)果。taste是連系動(dòng)詞,后面跟形容詞作表語。答案:A黑色陷阱：本題有兩處陷阱：一是誤認(rèn)為副詞修飾動(dòng)詞,因此錯(cuò)選B項(xiàng)或D項(xiàng)；二是誤解句子的意思,不知so.that.句型表示“如此以至于”,因此錯(cuò)選C項(xiàng)。例3（20xx天津中考）Bill said they would have holiday.A.a two-monthB.two-monthsC.two-monthsD.two-months思路解析：此題題意是“比爾說他們將過一個(gè)兩個(gè)月的假期”?！皟蓚€(gè)月”此處作定語,因此應(yīng)用twomonth這種形式,故答案為A。綠色通道：解對此類題應(yīng)注意復(fù)合形容詞作定語時(shí),其中的名詞要用單數(shù);此外,所有格形式也可作定語,名詞用復(fù)數(shù),如:two months holiday。例4Ive finished my homework,Mr Black.When you it?A.have;finishedB.do;finishC.did;finishD.will;finish思路解析：此題題意是“我已完成作業(yè)。你什么時(shí)候完成的?”后面問句是用when提問,完成作業(yè)這一動(dòng)作是瞬間動(dòng)作且發(fā)生在過去,故答案為C。黑色陷阱：本題有一處陷阱。上面一句用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),因此可能誤導(dǎo)有些同學(xué)選A。原創(chuàng)題 仿照示例看圖寫句子: nearly an hour since 7:00 an hour since 40 minutes ago half an hour1.A:How long has she washed clothes?B:She has washed clothes for nearly an hour.2.A: B