2018_2019版高中英語Unit1Talesoftheunexplained走進高考文化品格滲透牛津譯林.docx

Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained試題出處試題信息語篇概要文化品格2016江蘇卷閱讀理解C介紹厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的由來、影響及危害，希望人們對厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。了解自然，探索自然，降低自然災(zāi)害造成的損失。El Nio，a Spanish term for “the Christ child，” was named by South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern，which happens every two to seven years，reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas.El Nio sees warm water，collected over several years in the western Pacific，flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken，or sometimes the other way round.The weather effects，both good and bad，are felt in many places.Rich countries gain more from powerful Nios，on balance，than they lose.A study found that a strong Nio in 199798 helped Americas economy grow by 15 billion，partly because of better agricultural harvests：farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain.The total rise in agricultural incomes in rich countries is greater than the fall in poor ones.But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames.A multiyear drought(干旱) in southeast Brazil is becoming worse.Though heavy rains brought about by El Nio may relieve the drought in California，they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters.The most recent powerful Nio，in 199798，killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth 36 billion around the globe.But such Nios come with months of warning，and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare.According to the Overseas Development Institute(ODI)，however，just 12% of disasterrelief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance，rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards.This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on riskreduction saves at least two on reconstruction.Simple improvements to infrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施) can reduce the spread of disease.Better sewers(下水道) make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach.Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods.According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and coauthors，civil conflict is related to El Nios harmful effectsand the poorer the country，the stronger the link.Though the relationship may not be causal，helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people.Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nio，reducing their losses needs to be the priority.61What can we learn about El Nio in Paragraph 1?AIt is named after a South American fisherman.BIt takes place almost every year all over the world.CIt forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas.DIt sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean.答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“El Nio sees warm water，collected over several years in the western Pacific，flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken，or sometimes the other way round.”可知，在海洋厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象發(fā)生時會有洋流的變化。62What may El Nios bring about to the countries affected?AAgricultural harvests in rich countries fall.BDroughts become more harmful than floods.CRich countries gains are greater than their losses.DPoor countries suffer less from droughts economically.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Rich countries gain more from powerful Nios，on balance，than they lose.”可知，富裕國家因厄爾尼諾得到的東西要比它們失去的多。63The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that .Amore investment should go to risk reductionBgovernments of poor countries need more aidCvictims of El Nio deserve more compensationDrecovery and reconstruction should come first答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第二句中的“.however，just 12% of disasterrelief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance.”可知，以往政府對減少風(fēng)險的投入太少，應(yīng)該加大投資以降低厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象造成的損失。64What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?ATo introduce El Nio and its origin.BTo explain the consequences of El Nio.CTo show ways of fighting a