連系動(dòng)詞用法詳解.docVIP

連系動(dòng)詞用法詳解連系動(dòng)詞本身有一定詞義，但不完整，不能獨(dú)立作謂語，必須與表語一起構(gòu)成合成謂語。 一 . 連系動(dòng)詞分類1. “狀態(tài)”類：常見的有：be (是)，keep (保持)，stay (保持)，remain (依然)，seem (似乎是)，appear (似乎，顯得)，prove (證明是)，這類詞表示具有或保持某種特征或狀態(tài)。 He is director of our department他是我們部門的主任。 The meat will keepstay fresh for several days肉會(huì)保鮮好幾天的。 The store remains closedWhats the matter?已經(jīng)是上午十點(diǎn)了，商店仍然關(guān)著門，是怎么回事? The chairwoman seemed very surprised about the question I asked女主席似乎對(duì)我提出的問題感到吃驚。 The sky appears blue on the earth從地球上看天空似乎是藍(lán)色的。 As time went on，his theory proved (to be) true隨著時(shí)間的推移，他的理論證明是正確的。keep, remain, stay用法區(qū)別 keep “保持狀態(tài)”，后接adj.或介詞短語。其后常見：alive, awake, cheerful, silent, dry, well, fit, fine, close, clean, happy, firm，in ones stand等。Have you kept well all these years? 這些年來你身體好么？I hope it will keep fine. 我希望天氣繼續(xù)好下去。In order to keep fit, all students go in for sports. 為了保持健康，所有學(xué)生都參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。Wed better keep in touch. 我們最好保持聯(lián)系。remain “仍然存在狀態(tài)”，后接adj.、過去分詞、名詞或介詞短語，強(qiáng)調(diào)某種狀態(tài)前后無變化。The door remained closed.門仍然關(guān)著。Kosovo intensity remained high.科索沃局勢(shì)仍然高度緊張。Peter became a judge but John remained a fisherman.彼得當(dāng)了法官，而約翰依舊是漁民。Your room remains like this. 你的房間依舊是這樣子。 stay “保持狀態(tài)”，后接形容詞、分詞。That fellow stayed single. 那個(gè)小伙子仍保持單身。The door stayed closed. 門一直關(guān)著（無比較的持續(xù)狀態(tài)）Its easy to stay hidden. 躲起來很容易。Please stay seated. 請(qǐng)繼續(xù)坐著。 2. “感官”類：主要指與五種感官有關(guān)的動(dòng)詞：look (看起來)，sound (聽起來)，smell (聞起來)，taste (嘗起來)，feel (摸起來 / 感到)。The Sydney Opera House looks just like seashells。悉尼歌劇院看上去就像海貝。The story sounds true這個(gè)故事聽起來像真實(shí)的。The meat you bought last week smells terribleIt has gone bad你上周買的肉難聞極了，它已經(jīng)臭了。 Those oranges on sale taste good賣的那些橘子嘗起來很好吃。 Silk feels soft絲綢摸上去很柔軟。 3. “變化”類：常見的有三組 turn (變成)，grow (變得)，get (變成)，become (變成)，make () come (變得)，go (變得), fall (進(jìn)入某狀態(tài)), run (變成，進(jìn)入)4. 雙謂語系動(dòng)詞 此類系動(dòng)詞既有系動(dòng)詞的功能，后接表語，又保留原實(shí)義動(dòng)詞本身的含義。例如：The run rose red. 太陽升起紅艷艷。She stopped and stood quite still. 她停下來然后一絲不動(dòng)地站著。The book lay open on the table. 那書在桌子上打開著。The snow lay thick on the ground. 雪厚厚地堆積在地上。He married young. 他結(jié)婚很早。The window blew open. 窗戶吹開了。She blushed as red as a peony. 她的臉紅得像一朵牡丹花。Lei Feng died young. 雷鋒早逝。The material has worn thin. 這種布料已穿薄了。The weather continued calm. 天氣仍然平靜。He continued silent.他繼續(xù)沉默不語。二. become, come, go, get, grow, turn的用法與區(qū)別1. become 和get主要指一個(gè)人暫時(shí)性的身心變化或永久性的自然變化。另外，become 和 get 還可用于指天氣的變化和社會(huì)的趨勢(shì)。如： become / get / angry, famo us, ill, old, well, deaf, strong：生氣，成名，得病，變老，痊愈，變聾，變強(qiáng) get dressed 穿衣服 get changed 換衣服Its becoming / getting cold (dark, cloudy, etc). 天漸冷了(黑了，多云了等)。Divorce is becoming / getting more common. 離婚現(xiàn)象越來越常見了。Last night I got caught in the downpour. 昨夜我被雨淋了（表示意想不到）The new car got scratched. 新車給刮壞了。（表突發(fā)性）2. go 和come表示變化時(shí)，前者主要指一種由強(qiáng)到弱或由好到壞的變化，后者則主要指向好的方面變化。come和go還可接有否定前綴的過去分詞。go bald / deaf / insane 發(fā)禿/ 變聾 / 發(fā)瘋 go blind變瞎go hungry 挨餓， go naked 光著身子His report went unnoticed. 他的報(bào)告沒人注 意。The meats gone bad. 肉變壞了。The radios gone wrong. 收音機(jī)出毛病了。Her wish came true. 她的愿望實(shí)現(xiàn)了。來源:Zxxk.ComEverything came right. 一切順利?！咀ⅰ縞ome 除表示向好的方面變化外，還有以下常見搭配值得注意：come untied 解開，come loose 變松，come undone 松開3. go和turn還可用于人或事物顏色的變化。She went / turned blue with cold. 她凍得臉色發(fā)青了。The rotten meat went / turned green. 這塊腐爛的肉變綠了。4. grow：”漸漸變得起來，長(zhǎng)得”。 主要表示逐漸變化，強(qiáng)調(diào)變化的過程：It began to grow dark. 天色漸漸黑了。The sea is growing calm. 大海變得平靜起來。The pollution problem is growing serious. 污染問題日見嚴(yán)峻。My younger brother is growing tall我的弟弟漸漸長(zhǎng)高了。5. make也可表示某人或某物發(fā)生了某些變化，含義為： 合計(jì)為 成為，適合作，宜用作，具備的素質(zhì)。make后接名詞時(shí)，名詞前通常加限定詞。 Two and two make four. 2加2等于4。 They made friends. 他們交上了朋友。 Penny will make a very good teacher. 彭尼將成為一名很好的老師。 An old cardboard box makes a comfortable bed for a kitten. 舊紙箱給小貓當(dāng)床是很舒服的。6. turn指改變特性、本質(zhì)、狀態(tài)等。還指到達(dá)或超過某一年齡或時(shí)間。 The milk turned sour牛奶變酸了。So next year you will turn 16.7. become與turn都可以接名詞，become后的名詞前有冠詞，turn后的名詞無冠詞且常用單數(shù)。He turned writer after he graduated from a medical college. 他從醫(yī)學(xué)院畢業(yè)后當(dāng)了作家。She became a lawyer. 她成了一名律師。.8. run：變成，進(jìn)入狀態(tài)。后面接short, dry, low, deep等詞，主語多為能流動(dòng)，能消耗掉的東西。如： run short / low 沒勝多少，快用完 run short of sth 快用完run dry 干涸 run wild 放肆，撒野Still waters run deep. 水靜流深，人靜心深。They ran out of money.Their money was running short.Still waters run deep.Dont let the children run wild.9. fall”進(jìn)入（某種狀態(tài)），成為”，后常接以下形容詞：asleep, lame, silent, ill, sick, flat.來源:學(xué)?？啤＞W(wǎng)Z。X。X。Kfall ill 生病 fall short 沒中, fall apart 散開, fall silent 沉默fall flat直挺挺地倒達(dá)不到預(yù)想效果;徹底失敗下 fall lame 變?nèi)砊he old men, unable to express himself, fell silent. 那位老人說不清自己的意思，就不作聲了。My father fell ill and died.我的父親生病死了。His horse fell lame.他的馬瘸了。She fell flat on her face as she got out of the car. 她一下車便直挺挺地臉朝下倒了下去。That deal fell flat. Nobody was interested at all. 那交易徹底失敗, 沒有人再有任何興趣。三. 使用連系動(dòng)詞注意事項(xiàng)1. 所有連系動(dòng)詞都不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，除”變化”類fall和feel以外的連系動(dòng)詞都不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中。 -Do you like the material? 你喜歡這塊布料嗎?來源:學(xué)?？?。網(wǎng) -Yes, it feels soft是的，它摸上去很柔軟。 He is feeling even worse today他今天感覺更糟了。 2. 連系動(dòng)詞后可接過去分詞作表語，相當(dāng)于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 Please stay / remain seated請(qǐng)坐好。 The room soon became crowded屋里一會(huì)兒就擠滿了人。3. 為了強(qiáng)調(diào)表語，同時(shí)保持句子平衡，當(dāng)主語是名詞時(shí)，可把表語提前，引起倒裝。 So honest was the boy that everyone believed in him這個(gè)孩子很誠(chéng)實(shí)，大家都信任他。 Great have been our achievements since we cooperated last year我們?nèi)ツ旰献饕詠硪讶〉镁薮蟪煽?jī)。 4. 連系動(dòng)詞也可跟不定式to do / to be。常見的有remain，seem，appear，prove等。come, get, grow后可接不定式表示變化過程，come表示”最終變得”，get表示”由不變得”，grow表示”漸漸變得”。如： Ive really come to love this place. 我終于愛上了此地。 Marys growing to be more and more like her mother. 瑪麗越來越喜歡她媽咪了。 Youll soon get to kno w about the result. 你不久會(huì)了解結(jié)果的。 Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it去國(guó)外旅游對(duì)這對(duì)老夫婦來說當(dāng)然好，但是還得看他們是否喜歡。 On the long j ourney，Peter proved to be a most interesting guide, we all had a wonderful time在這次長(zhǎng)途旅行中，彼得證明是一個(gè)非常有趣的導(dǎo)游。我們都玩得很盡興。5. 它們都可以接介詞短語，固定搭配需要一個(gè)一個(gè)地記。如：The