中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)翻譯真題解析.pdf

中國(guó)考博輔導(dǎo)首選學(xué)校中國(guó)考博輔導(dǎo)首選學(xué)校 中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)翻譯真題解析中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)翻譯真題解析 Directions Directions ReadRead thethe followingfollowing texttext carefullycarefully andand thenthen translatetranslate thethe underlinedunderlined segmentssegments intointo Chinese Chinese YourYour translationtranslation shouldshould bebe writtenwritten onon thethe ANSWERANSWER SHEET 10SHEET 10 points points Music means different things to different people and sometimes even different things to the same person at different moments of his life It might be poetic philosophical sensual or mathematical but in any case it must in my view have something to do with the soul of the human being Hence it is metaphysical but the means of expression is purely and exclusively physical sound I believe it is precisely this permanent coexistence of metaphysical message through physical means that is the strength of music 46 It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words all we can do is articulate our reactions to it and not grasp music itself Beethoven s importance in music has been principally defined by the revolutionary nature of his compositions He freed music from PS The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi baQQ 772678537 hitherto prevailing conventions of harmony and structure Sometimes I feel in his late works a will to break all signs of continuity The music is abrupt and seemingly disconnected as in the last piano sonata In musical expression he did not feel restrained by the weight of convention 47 By all accounts he was a freethinking person and a courageous one and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding let alone the performance of his works 中國(guó)考博輔導(dǎo)首選學(xué)校中國(guó)考博輔導(dǎo)首選學(xué)校 This courageous attitude in fact becomes a requirement for the performers of Beethoven s music His compositions demand the performer to show courage for example in the use of dynamics 48 Beethoven s habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him Beethoven was a deeply political man in the broadest sense of the word He was not interested in daily politics but concerned with questions of moral behavior and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society 49 Especially significant was his view of freedom which for him was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression Beethoven s music tends to move from chaos to order as if order were an imperative of human existence For him order does not result from forgetting or ignoring the disorders that plague our existence order is a necessary development an improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation It is not by chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony but the second so that suffering does not have the last word 50 One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable but the courage to fight it renders life worth living 46 It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words all we can do is articulate our reactions to it and not grasp 中國(guó)考博輔導(dǎo)首選學(xué)校中國(guó)考博輔導(dǎo)首選學(xué)校 music itself 句型分析 本句主句主干為 it is the reason why 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句 修飾 the reason 定語(yǔ)從句的主干是 all we can do is articulate our reactions and not grasp music itself 其表語(yǔ)是不定式短語(yǔ) 由于主語(yǔ) 中含有 do 不定式符號(hào) to 省略 articulate our reactions and not grasp music itself our reactions 之后 to it 為其定語(yǔ) it 指代 music 定語(yǔ) 從句中還包含 when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 翻譯要點(diǎn) 本句主干的主句是主系表結(jié)構(gòu) reason 后 why 引導(dǎo)的 定語(yǔ)從句較長(zhǎng) 翻譯時(shí)可以與主干部分結(jié)合 調(diào)整表達(dá)為 這也就是為什 么 定語(yǔ)從句中 when 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 其中 with words 做狀語(yǔ) 翻 譯時(shí)需調(diào)整語(yǔ)序到其修飾的 to describe 之前 可以表達(dá)為 當(dāng)我們嘗試用 語(yǔ)言來(lái)描述音樂(lè)時(shí) 定語(yǔ)從句的主干順譯即可 其中 reaction 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境 可以翻譯為 感受 其定語(yǔ) to it 在表達(dá)時(shí)前置 it 指代還原為 音樂(lè) 則可以翻譯為 所有我們能做的 就是明確表達(dá)我們對(duì)于音樂(lè)的感受 或 者調(diào)整表達(dá)為 我們只能明確表達(dá)我們對(duì)于音樂(lè)的感受 and 之后 grasp 依據(jù)語(yǔ)境 需要翻譯為 理解 譯文總結(jié) 這也是為什么當(dāng)我們?cè)噲D用語(yǔ)言來(lái)描述音樂(lè)時(shí) 我們只能 明確表達(dá)我們對(duì)于音樂(lè)的感受 而不能完全理解音樂(lè)本身 47 By all accounts he was a freethinking person and a courageous one and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding let alone the performance of his works 句型分析 本句為并列句 第一個(gè)分句 he was a freethinking person and a courageous one 句首 by all accounts 為固定搭配 意思是 根據(jù) 中國(guó)考博輔導(dǎo)首選學(xué)校中國(guó)考博輔導(dǎo)首選學(xué)校 各方面說(shuō) 第二個(gè)分句的主干為 I find courage an essential quality 其中賓語(yǔ)為 courage 而 an essential quality 是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) quality 后 介詞短語(yǔ) for the understanding of his work 為其定語(yǔ) 其中還包含一個(gè) 插入結(jié)構(gòu) let alone the performance 翻譯要點(diǎn) 第一個(gè)分句結(jié)構(gòu)比較簡(jiǎn)單 句首固定搭配 by all accounts 可以調(diào)整表達(dá) 翻譯為 據(jù)大家所說(shuō) 主干順譯即可 其中 he 指代 貝多芬 one 指代 person 這一部分可以翻譯為 貝多芬是個(gè) 思想自由 充滿勇氣的人 第二個(gè)分句 主干為 我發(fā)現(xiàn)勇氣是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵品質(zhì) quality 后為 其定語(yǔ) for the understanding of his work 其中 the understanding of his work 意思為 對(duì)于其作品的理解 做詞性轉(zhuǎn)化后 可以表達(dá)為 理 解其作品 這個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)需要調(diào)整語(yǔ)序前置于 quality 可以翻譯為 理 解他作品的關(guān)鍵品質(zhì) 則第二個(gè)分句可以表達(dá)為 我發(fā)現(xiàn)勇氣 是理解他 作品的關(guān)鍵品質(zhì) 還可以調(diào)整表達(dá)為 我發(fā)現(xiàn)勇氣這一品質(zhì) 是理解他作 品的關(guān)鍵 在定語(yǔ) for the understanding of his work 中的插入成分 在邏輯 上 let alone 并列 the understanding 和 the performance 二者共用定語(yǔ) of his works 順譯句末即可 更不必說(shuō)是演出其作品的關(guān)鍵品質(zhì) 譯文總結(jié) 人們普遍認(rèn)為 他 貝多芬 是個(gè)思想自由 充滿勇氣的人 我發(fā)現(xiàn)勇氣這一品質(zhì) 是理解他作品的關(guān)鍵 更不必說(shuō)是演出其作品的關(guān)鍵 48 Beethoven s habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him 句型分析 本句主干為 Beethoven s habit was used by composers 中國(guó)考博輔導(dǎo)首選學(xué)校中國(guó)考博輔導(dǎo)首選學(xué)校 before him 本句的謂語(yǔ)為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 主語(yǔ) habit 后介詞短語(yǔ) of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage 為其定語(yǔ) 是由介詞 of 與 and 并列的兩個(gè)動(dòng) 名詞短語(yǔ) increasing the volume with an extreme intensity 和 then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage 構(gòu)成 翻譯要點(diǎn) 本句主干較為簡(jiǎn)單 但是主語(yǔ) habit 后有很長(zhǎng)的后置定 語(yǔ) Habit of increasing the volume 其中 habit 可以詞性轉(zhuǎn)換為 動(dòng)詞 習(xí)慣 而中文常常先表達(dá)次要信息 則這一部分可以翻譯一句話 貝多芬習(xí)慣增加 置于句首 第一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)中 with an extreme intensity 為狀語(yǔ) 表達(dá)時(shí)需調(diào)整語(yǔ)序到其修飾的 increasing the volume 前 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境 volume 意思為 音量 則 increasing 可以翻譯為 增高 這一部分可以翻譯為 最大限度來(lái)逐漸增高音量 第二個(gè)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage 狀語(yǔ) with a sudden soft passage 需調(diào)整到 following it 前表達(dá) 其中 passage 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境 意 思為 樂(lè)段 則這一部分可以表達(dá)為 然后突然跟上輕柔的樂(lè)段 整合 本句主語(yǔ)與其定語(yǔ) 可以翻譯為 貝多芬習(xí)慣最大限度來(lái)逐漸增高音量 然 后突然跟上輕柔的樂(lè)段 本句主干意思為 在他之前 作曲家很少使用貝多芬的習(xí)慣 中文 語(yǔ)義重心在后 將本部分翻譯在句末即可 由于前句譯文已經(jīng)提到這種習(xí)慣 則這部分可以表達(dá)為 在他之前 作曲家很少使用這種習(xí)慣 結(jié)合語(yǔ)境還 可以表達(dá)為 在他之前 作曲家很少使用這種方式 或者 在他之前 只 有極個(gè)別作曲家會(huì)使用這種方式 譯文總結(jié) 貝多芬習(xí)慣最大限度來(lái)逐漸增高音量 然后突然跟上輕柔 的樂(lè)段 在他之前 作曲家很少使用這種方式 中國(guó)考博輔導(dǎo)首選學(xué)校中國(guó)考博輔導(dǎo)首選學(xué)校 49 Especially significant was his view of freedom which for him was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression 句型分析 本句為完全倒裝 主句的主干是 his view of freedom was Especially significant his view of freedom 后為 which 引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句 修飾 freedom 關(guān)系代詞 which 在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ) of the individual 修飾 the rights and responsibilities 冒號(hào)后進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明 翻譯要點(diǎn) 本句主干為完全倒裝 但是在翻譯時(shí) 順譯即可 其中 his 指代 貝 多芬的 主干可以表達(dá)為 尤為重要的是 他 貝多芬 對(duì)于自由的看法 which 引導(dǎo)英語(yǔ)從句 修飾 freedom 表達(dá)時(shí)翻譯成另一句話 對(duì)于 他而言 這種自由是與個(gè)人的權(quán)利和責(zé)任聯(lián)系起來(lái)的 其中 for him 還可 以調(diào)整表達(dá)為 他認(rèn)為 冒號(hào)后進(jìn)行解釋 可以翻譯為 他倡導(dǎo)思想自由和個(gè)人言論自由 譯文總結(jié) 尤為重要的是貝多