（壓軸專講）中考英語命題要點強化與新題預測 定語從句(1).doc

2014年中考命題要點強化與新題預測定語從句【考點串講】中考對定語從句的考查主要集中在定語從句的功能，結構和關系詞的用法上，重點考查由that，which，who引導的定語從句。 高頻考向一定語從句的關系詞 定語從句在句中作定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關系代詞who，whom，that，which，whose或關系副詞when，where，why等引出。 who，whom，that代替的先行詞是指人的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等。如： is he the man who/that wants to see you？他是想見你的那個人嗎？ he is the man(who/whom/that)i saw yesterday.他是昨天我看到的那個人。 which，that代替的先行詞是指代事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等。如： mary likes music that/which is quiet and gentle.瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂。 the coat(that/which)i put on the desk is blue.我放桌子上的外套是藍色的。 whose用來指人或物。(只用作定語)如： please pass me the book whose cover is green.請把封面是綠色的那本書遞給我。 關系副詞有when，where，why，它們在句中作狀語。如： ill never forget the days when we studied together.我永遠忘不了我們一起學習的那些日子。 this is the city where my father worked ten years ago.這是我爸十年前工作的城市。 do you know the reason why he was late for school? 你知道他上學遲到的原因嗎？ 【例1】 【2013，福州】do you know mo yan? of course.he is the famous writer _ won the nobel prize in 2012. awho bwhom cwhich 解析：考查定語從句關系詞。先行詞是writer，指人，且在從句中作主語，故應用關系代詞who。 答案：_a_ 【例2】 【2012，天津】 please pass me the cartoon book _ has a mickey mouse on the cover. awhom bwhose cwho dwhich 解析：先行詞是book，指物，因此關系詞用which. 答案：_d_ 【例3】【2012，宜賓】 this is the primary school _ i studied three years ago. awhere bwhen cthat dwhich 解析：先行詞school在定語從句中作studied的地點狀語。 答案：_a_ 高頻考向二關系詞只能用that而不用which的情況 當先行詞前被形容詞最高級修飾時。如： this is one of the most exciting football games that i have ever seen.這是我所看過的足球賽中最激烈的一場。 當先行詞前有一個序數(shù)詞修飾時。如： the first thing that you could do was to turn off the light.你首先要做的就是關燈。 當先行詞為all，everything，nothing，something，anything，little，much，none等不定代詞時(something后也可用which)。如： all that we have to do for our students is to tell them how to speak english in class.我們?yōu)閷W生所要做的事情就是告訴他們?nèi)绾卧谡n上說英語。 im going to buy everything that i need.我要去買我所需要的一切東西。 當先行詞前面有only，all，any，no等詞修飾時。如： thats all that i want to say.這就是我所有想說的。 當并列的先行詞分別表示人和物時。如： they are talking about things and persons that they remembered.他們正在談論他們所能回憶起來的人或事。 【例4】【2013，十堰】the palace museum is the best place _ ive ever visited. athat bwhich cwhere dwhat 解析：在先行詞place前有形容詞最高級best修飾，關系詞只能用that。 答案：_a_ 【例5】 look at the boy and his dog _ are coming this way. awho bwhich cthat dwhom 解析：先行詞是由人與物組成時，關系代詞用that。 答案：_c_ 高頻考向三關系詞只能用who(whom)而不用that的情況 當先行詞為all，any或其合成詞或a few且指人時。如： anyone who breaks the law will be punished.任何違法的人都會受到懲罰。 當先行詞為that，this，those或these且指人時。如： those who hadnt bought the tickets for the train crowded in the waiting hall.那些還沒買著票的人擁擠在候車廳里。 當先行詞在定語從句中作賓語或表語時，在口語中用who或whom引導均可，但如直接位于介詞后作賓語時，只能用whom。如： the guest (who/whom) ill first introduce to you is a little girl.我首先要介紹給你們的客人是一位小姑娘。 i met a few friends of mine，among whom was my old classmate.我遇見幾位朋友，其中一位是我的老同學。 【例6】 【2012，河南】success will belong to those _ never say “impossible” awhom bwhat cwho dwhich 解析：先行詞those，故關系代詞用who。 答案：_c_ 【要點強化】【例1】【2013湖南長沙】30. what are you looking for? im looking for the watch _ i bought yesterday. a. whichb. whoc. whose【解析】考查定語從句。先行詞watch表示“物”，可以排除b；引導詞在定語從句中作主語，可以排除c。 答案：_a_ 【例2】【2013福建泉州】35. why is tom so sad? he has lost his new bike _cost him 1800 yuan.a. who b. which c. whose【解析】考查定語從句。由于先行詞為物，且在句中作主語，所以用which引導該定語從句。答案：_b_ 【例3】【2013甘肅蘭州】38. lily doesnt know _ she and her friends can do to help the little boy _ parents have left their hometown for making money.a. that; whoseb. how; whoc. what; whod. what; whose【解析】考查復合句中的連詞。句意：lily不知道她喝她的朋友能做什么才能幫助這個父母離開家鄉(xiāng)去賺錢的小男孩。由know可知本句是賓語從句，動詞do后缺少賓語，故第一個空是由what引導的賓語從句；在賓語從句中又包含了定語從句，其先行詞為the little boy，且在從句中修飾parents ,故由whose引導定語從句。答案：_d_ 【例4】【2013廣東】45. the young lady _ is interviewing lin zhixuan about the program i am a singer is from 21st century talent net.a. who b. whomc. which d. whose【解析】考查定語從句的用法。先行詞the young lady指人，故排除c,d ，先行詞作主語故用who連接。所以選擇答案 。答案：_a_ 1【2013浙江杭州】25. being blind is something _ most people cant imagine.a. whob. whatc. thatd. whom【答案】c【解析】本題考查定語從句。先行詞是something，關系代詞用that。故選c。2.【2013四川內(nèi)江】25. people are talking about the old houses _ jackie chan bought in anhui twenty years ago. a. which b. where c. who d. when25. 【答案】a【解析】考查定語從句中的連接詞的用法。這里定語從句要修飾the old houses，是事物，且在從句中做bought的賓語，所以要用連接代詞that或which，所以選擇答案a。3.【2013福建福州】42. do you know mo yan? of course. he is the famous writer _ won the nobel prize in 2012.a. who b. whom c. which【答案】a【解析】選a。考查定語從句的關聯(lián)詞。當先行詞指人時，常用who或whom，指物時，常用which；又該句的先行詞writer指人，故選a項。4.【2013廣東湛江】25. look! that is the woman i met yesterday.oh? shes my aunt.a. what b. who c. where d. when【答案】b【解析】考查定語從句。由先行詞是人，且在定語從句中作met的賓語可知用關系代詞who。所以選擇答案b。5.【2013山東濱州】30. most students like the teachers understand them well.a. which b. who c. where d. when【答案】b【解析】考查關系代詞。由先行詞是the teachers，且在定語從句中作主語，因此用關系代詞who。所以選擇答案b。6.【2013山東棗莊】25. most of my classmates prefer loud music _they can dance to. a. that b. who c. whose d. where【答案】a【解析】 考查定語從句的關系詞的選用，此題中的先行詞是music。當先行詞是事物時關系詞用that或 which . 所以應選a7.【2013安徽】49. i still remember the college and the teachers_i visited in london years ago.a. what b. who c. that d. which 49.【答案】c【解析】考查定語從句的連接詞的用法。who“誰”，what“什么”，that“那個”，which“那個”。這里是引導定語從句，用來修飾the college and the teachers，既包括人又包括物，所以關系詞只能用用that，而不能用which，所以選擇答案c。8.【2013山東德州】30. yesterday li ming went to the village_ his family lived ten years ago.a. when b. which c. where d. that 【答案】c 【解析】考查定語從句引導詞。定語從句的先行詞the village, 在定語從句中充當?shù)氖堑攸c狀語，所以用關系副詞where引導, 故選c。9.【2013山東泰安】34. liu yang is the first chinese woman astronaut_ has ever traveled in space. a. whom b. which c. who d. whose 【答案】c【解析】考查定語從句的關系詞。先行詞woman astronaut“女飛行員”，指人，故答案選c項，在從句中作主語?！拘骂}預測】【廣東省東莞市寮步信義學校2014屆九年級中考二模】( ) 36 the first thing _my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter a which b that c why d who 【答案】b【安徽十大名校2014屆九年級第四次月考】（ ）343- junior high school life will be over，i will remember those things and teachers _ are unforgotten awhobwhichcthatdwhom【答案】c【鶴壁市2014年初中畢業(yè)調(diào)研暨中考第二次模擬】32. yunmeng mountain _lies in the south of hebi attracts the visitors both at home andabroad. a. where b. which c.