上海版牛津英語6B期末知識點整理.docVIP

Module 1 City LifeUnit 1 Great cities in Asia【知識點梳理】1.方位詞：east / west / north / south / north-east / north-west / south-east / south-west 用法：a. 兩地不相鄰: e.g. A is north B. （= to the south of） b. 兩地接壤: e.g. A is on the north of B. c. 所屬關(guān)系，A包含B, B屬于A: e.g. B is in the north of A. 2. by + 交通工具 表示“乘交通工具”, 用how進行提問X k B 1 . c o m e.g. by bus / ferry / train / ship / underground by plane = by air, by ship = by sea 3. How far多遠（詢問距離的遠近，路程的長短） e.g. Hoe far is it from your home to school? 從你家到學校有多遠？4. How long多長，多久（詢問時間的長短，提問一段時間） e.g. How long does it take to travel from Shanghai to Beijing by train? 坐火車從上海到北京 要花多長時間？5. It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. 做某事需要花費多少時間 e.g. It takes me five hours to make this modal plane. 做這個模型飛機花了我5個小時。6. like / love / enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事 e.g. The people in Bangkok like / love / enjoy eating spicy food. 曼谷人喜歡吃辛辣食物。 6. 詞組句型at an exhibition about great cities in Asia 在一個關(guān)于亞洲大城市的展覽會上Which city? 哪個城市？the capital of 的首都fromto從到in the past 在過去新 課 標 第 一 網(wǎng)travel to other places 去別的地方more than = over 超過，多于visit the Great wall 參觀長城tall buildings 高樓大廈huge department stores大型的百貨商店 famous hotels著名的賓館quiz cards測試卡at these beautiful beaches 在這些美麗的沙灘上Module 1 City LifeUnit 2 At the Airport【知識點梳理】1. have/has been to 去過，到過 (表示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來)have/has been in 住在 = have lived / stayed in have/has gone to 去，到. (表示現(xiàn)在還沒有回來)e.g. We have already been to Changfeng Park. I have lived in Shanghai for thirteen years. Where is Henry? He has gone to Japan. He will come back next week. 2. already 已經(jīng)(多用于肯定句，放于動詞前) yet 迄今，還(多用于疑問句和否定句，放于句末)just 剛剛 (用法和位置和already相同) w W w .x K b 1.c o Me.g. I have already been to Lilys home. Have you been to Lilys home yet? No, I havent been to her home yet. 3. plan to do 計劃做e.g. Tom is planning to visit Rome this Spring Festival. 湯姆正計劃今年春節(jié)到羅馬旅行。4. leave for 出發(fā)去動身去leave A 離開A地 e.g. He will leave Shanghai. 新課 標 第 一 網(wǎng)leave for B 出發(fā)去B地e.g. He will leave for Tokyo. leave A for B 離開A地去B地e.g. He will leave Shanghai for Tokyo. 5. arrive + in 大地方 (如國家、城市等范圍較大的地方) e.g. arrive in China / Shanghaiarrive + at 小地方 (如車站、學校等小范圍的地方)e.g. arrive at the airport / school. 【近義】 get to, reach到達 6. have to do不得不做 (否定dont have to)e.g. I have to say it again. 我不得不再說一遍。7. enough space 足夠的空間 space“空間”，不可數(shù)名詞enough 修飾名詞時前置，修飾形容詞副詞時后置 e.g. enough money, good enough8. live / stay for在住/待(時間)for +一段時間，多與現(xiàn)在完成時連用表示動作從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一段時間，并用how long提問。 e.g. We have learned English for six years. 我們學習英語已經(jīng)六年了。9. have / has got “有、擁有”否定形式havent/ hasnt got疑問形式Have/ Hasgot? X K b 1.C o m10. too many + 可數(shù)名詞復數(shù) “太多的” too much + 不可數(shù)名詞“太多的”11. plenty of “許多，大量”，后面可跟不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)12. 重要詞組句型this Sunday live in Los Angelesone and a half hoursat eleven thirty in the morninglook at this signover therebuy sb. sth. =buy sth. for sb. departure time / arrival time write down ones addressWhat time?Module 1 City LifeUnit 3 Dragon Boat Festival 【知識點梳理】1. know something about the Dragon Boat Festival了解一些關(guān)于端午節(jié)的知識know about 知道/了解關(guān)于的事情2. His job was to give advice to the king. 他的工作是給國王出謀劃策。 be +to do, 不定式做表語,表示主語和表語在概念上是等同的。e.g. His plan is to clean the room. 他的任務是打掃房間。My wish is to be a doctor. 我的愿望是稱為一名醫(yī)生。 give sth. to sb. = give sb. sth. 給某人某物 advice “勸告, 忠告”, 不可數(shù)名詞新|課 |標|第 |一| 網(wǎng) a piece of advice 一條建議 some advice 一些建議 give advice to sb. 想某人提出建議 take sbs advice 采納某人的建議3. listen to 在本文中指 “聽從, 聽信”e.g. She never listens to me. 她從不聽我的話。4. in danger 在危險中danger n. 危險dangerous adj. 危險的5. would like to do想要做= want to dolike doing 喜歡做6. -Would you like some? 表示“你想要嗎？”，用于詢問對方的意見。-Yes, please. (肯定回答) / No, thanks. (否定回答)7. later adv. 后來，以后 late adj. 晚的，遲的e.g. Ill tell you later. 我以后再告訴你。新|課 |標|第 |一| 網(wǎng) He was late for school. 他上學遲到了。8. a salty rice dumpling with / without meat 一只(沒)有肉的咸粽子with 表示“有”，without表示“沒有”with還有“和”、“用”等意思e.g. I write the report with my pen. 我用我的新鋼筆寫報告。 She lives with her son.她和兒子住在一起。9. I like salty rice dumplings, but I dont like sweet ones. 我喜歡咸粽子，但我不喜歡甜粽子。 one 用來指代一個人或事物，而ones用來指代一些人或事物。 but但是，表示意思的轉(zhuǎn)折。10. would rather do 寧愿做would rather not do 寧愿不做e.g. He would rather stay at home at weekends. 他寧愿周末呆在家。11. the fifth day of the fifth lunar month 農(nóng)歷五月初五在英語中，用序數(shù)詞表達農(nóng)歷的第幾個月和第幾天。12. 重要詞組句型the story of the festival be borntwo hundred years agojump into a river the fifth day of the fifth lunar month of that yearon that dayeat rice dumplings and have dragon boat races to remember him w W w .X k b 1. c O mModule 1 City LifeUnit 4 Staying Healthy【知識點梳理】1. like / love / enjoy doing 喜歡做e.g. Many children like/love/enjoy eating fried food. 許多小孩喜歡吃油炸食品。2. stay healthy 保持健康stay 在本課中“意為”保持，為聯(lián)系動詞，后面只能跟形容詞。e.g. I hope the weather will stay fine.我希望天氣能持續(xù)放晴。3. health n. 健康 healthy adj. 健康的unhealthy adj. 不健康的e.g. health problems 健康問題 healthy / unhealthy food (不)健康食品4. Work and play, we love both. 工作與學習，我們都喜歡。both pron. 意為“兩者（都）”，在此句中指的是學習和工作這兩件事。e.g. Both of the twins like doing puzzles. 這對雙胞胎都喜歡玩拼圖。5. forget doing 忘記做過（已做）forget to do忘記去做（未做） 【反義】 remember，用法與foeget相同X k B 1 . c o m e.g. I forgot posting the letter. 我忘了信已寄出。Dont forget to post the letter. 別忘了去寄信。6. Whats your favourite?你最喜歡的是什么？（what用來詢問具體的信息）e.g. What should I do to stay healthy? 要保持健康，我應當做些什么？7. I like playing football in the playground. 我喜歡在操場上踢足球。“在操場上”可以用 in / on the playground 表示。 定冠詞the的用法： a. 在球類運動前不加定冠詞the e.g. play football / basketball / tennis, etc. b. 在樂器前必須加定冠詞thee.g. play the piano / violin, etc. c. 在watching television中，不加定冠詞the8. Why? 用于詢問原因，回答用 (Its) because e.g. Why do I always feel tired, Mum? Its because you watch too much television. 9. have a headache 頭痛“身體部位+ache”表示疼痛。此處的have意為“患病，得病”e.g. have a stomach ache 胃痛 have toothache 牙痛 其他身體不適的表達有：have a cold 感冒 have a fever 發(fā)燒 have a sore throat 喉嚨痛10. too much 太多+不可數(shù)名詞too many 太多+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)e.g. Dont drink too much cola. 不要喝太多的可樂。 Too many sweets are bad for your teeth. 吃太多糖對你的牙齒不好。11. too little 太少+不可數(shù)名詞too few 太少+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)可以用not.enough （修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞）結(jié)構(gòu)改寫句子。e.g. You eat too little fruit. = You dont eat enough fruit. 12. less 更少+不可數(shù)名詞 （less是little的比較級）fewer 更少+可數(shù)名詞 （fewer是few的比較級）more 更多+可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞 （more是many、much共同的比較級）e.g. You should have less meat, fewer soft drinks and do more exercise. 你應該少吃肉，少喝軟飲料，多做運動。 13. enough + 名詞 “足夠的”形容詞/ 副詞 +enough “足夠地”e.g. We have enough chairs for everyone. 我們有足夠的椅子讓大家坐。They cannot walk fast enough. 他們走得不夠快。14. How often？ “多久一次”，用于對時間頻率提問。e.g. How often do you go to see a film? 你多久看一次電影？【比較】how often 與 how many timeshow often 提問“頻率次數(shù)+時間范圍”how many times 提問“頻率次數(shù)”e.g. How often do you exercise? Twice a week. How many times have you been there? Twice. 15. once 一次 twice 兩次 新 課 標 第 一 網(wǎng)三次及以上: 數(shù)字+timese.g. I see them once every two months. 我每兩個月與他們見一次面。 I go to the library three times a month. 我一個月三次去圖書館。16. practise doing練習做，訓練e.g. She practises dancing every afternoon. 她每天下午練習跳舞。17. help do the housework 幫忙做家務help sb. (to) do sth. 幫某人做某事 = help sb. with sth. 幫某人某事e.g. Ben helps me learn English. Ben helps me with my English. 18. exercise n. & v. 鍛煉（身體），運動，練習e.g. You dont do enough exercise. 你鍛煉不夠。（“鍛煉”，不可數(shù)名詞） You need do more maths exercises. 你需要做更多的數(shù)學練習。（“練習”，可數(shù)名詞） I think you should exercise more.我認為你應該多運動運動。19. 重要的詞組句型really love musicThats my favourite indoor / outdoor activityIm afraid. should wear more clothes watch too much televisionnotenough watch less television have enough exercise go to bed late once / twice /times a day/week/month/yearneverUnit 5 What will I be like?【基礎(chǔ)知識】1. What will I be like? = How will I be? 我將是怎么樣的？一般將來時：用于表示將來某個時間發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)。常與tomorrow, next +時間詞，in+一段時間, in the future等連用。其動詞形式有will/shall + do 或 is/am/are going to + do(動詞原形)e. g. There is going to be/ will be a sports meeting in our school next week.下周我校將有一個運動會。 I will possibly be a doctor in the future.將來我可能是一個醫(yī)生。possibly ad.可能地possible a. 可能的2. stand in front of a magic camera 站在魔幻照相機前 standstoodstood 3. take a photograph with it 用它拍一張照片 taketooktaken 4. wait for the red light 等待紅燈5. look for the “START” button 尋找“開始”按鈕http:/w w w.xkb 1. com6. put in a ￥20 note 放入一張20元面值的紙幣7. press the “START” button 按“開始”按鈕8. read the note on the back 閱讀背面的注釋9. in 15 years time在十五年以后（多與將來時連用），提問用 How soon10. be 165 centimetres tall 將是165厘米高, 提問用How tall are you?或Whats your height?11. weigh 55 kilograms 稱得55公斤，提問用How much do you weigh? 或Whats your weight?或者 How heavy are you? 回答也可用 I am 55 kilograms heavy.12. an astronaut 一個宇航員 grow bigger長得更大13. be good at singing 擅長唱歌 be good at cooking擅長烹飪 be good at sports 擅長運動 be good at Chinese擅長英語 be poor at English不擅長英語be good at/ be poor at(doing) sth. 擅長于/不擅長于（做）某事14. wear a pair of glasses 戴一副眼鏡 wear穿著；戴著 強調(diào)狀態(tài)；wearworeworn put on穿上，戴上 強調(diào)動作 put on your coat 穿上你的大衣15. love helping people 愛幫助人 love listening to music 愛聽音樂 love taking photograph 愛拍照片16. be good-looking 是好看 be strong 是強壯的 be slim是苗條的17. in a bakery 在面包房 a baker一個面包師 bake some bread烤一些面包18. read and write a lot 讀和寫許多19. a report on/about my future 一個關(guān)于我的將來的報告 新|課 |標|第 |一| 網(wǎng) report an accident報告一起事故 a reporter一個記者 20. would like to be a doctor想要做一個醫(yī)生=want to be a doctor21. fly a spacecraft駕駛一架航天飛機 flyflewflown 22. come/be back at night在夜晚回來23. learn how to make sick people better 學會怎樣使生病的人更好learn to do sth. 學會做某事 learnlearntlearnt 24. have to practice English more 不得不更多地練習英語practise doing sth. 練習做某事 v. (AE)練習 = practise v. (BE)do much practice做許多練習 n. 練習 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。have to do sth. 表示“不得不做某事”，意思與must do sth.相近，但用法上有一定區(qū)別。have to do sth. 有時態(tài)的變化，因此否定句與疑問句需要助動詞構(gòu)成?？隙ň洌篐e has to do a lot of homework. 他不得不做許多回家作業(yè)。否定句：He doesnt have to do much homework. (doesnt have to= doesnt need to =neednt)一般疑問句：Does he have to do a lot of homework?25. 連詞主要連接兩個簡單句。并列連詞有and并且，和; but但是; or或者，否則的話; so所以; for因為。I like eating fruit and vegetables and I always eat plenty of fruit and vegetables.我喜歡吃水果和蔬菜，并且我總是吃大量的水果和蔬菜。Kitty likes dogs, but she doesnt like cats.凱蒂喜歡狗，但是她不喜歡貓。Hurry up, or you will be late for school. 趕快，否則的話你將會上學遲到。He was ill, so he asked for sick leave. 他病了，所以他請病假了。Tom was fat, for he ate too much unhealthy food. 湯姆胖，因為他吃了太多不健康食品。Unit 6 Seasonal changes【基礎(chǔ)知識】1. seasonal changes季節(jié)的變化 a.2. uniforms for different seasons 不同季節(jié)的校服 n. a uniform 一件校服3. a pair of sleeves 一副袖子 a pair of grey trousers 一條灰褲子4. a red scarf 一條紅領(lǐng)巾 must wear red scarves 必須戴紅領(lǐng)巾5. write a notice to all new students 給全體新生寫一個通知 n. a notice board布告欄notice sb. doing sth. 注意v. 某人正在做某事 6. their uniforms in summer 他們的在夏天的校服 wear summer uniforms 穿夏天的校服7. in early October 在十月初 in late April 在四月底early 和late既可以作形容詞，又可以作副詞。He gets up early/ late every morning. 他每天早上起床早/晚。8. wear white shirts/ dresses with the short sleeves 穿短袖的襯衫/連衣裙9. take some photographs of their school life 拍一些他們的學校生活的照片10. in the school garden 在學?；▓@里 in the canteen在餐廳11. grow in the garden 種植在花園里 fly around =everywhere=here and there四處飛12. like playing in the playground 喜歡在操場上玩X k B 1 . c o m like studying in the library喜歡在圖書館里學習 like to do / doing sth. 喜歡做某事13. be air-conditioned 是有空調(diào)的 an air-conditioned room 一個有空調(diào)的房間 an air-conditioner 一個空調(diào)14. like having ice cream and soft drinks after lunch 喜歡在午餐后吃冰淇淋和軟飲料15. make snowman 堆雪人 have hot drinks 喝熱飲料 not many students 沒有許多學生the leaves on the trees 樹上的樹葉 the bird in the tree 樹上的鳥16. help them keep warm 幫助他們保暖keep sb./sth. + adj. 保持某人或某物處于某種狀態(tài)keep warm保暖keep the door open / closed 保持門開著/關(guān)著keep our classroom clean 保持我們教室干凈17. must作為情態(tài)動詞表示“必須”，否定式mustnt表示“禁止，不允許”，注意由must提問的一般疑問句肯定回答用Yes, must ; 否定回答用No, you neednt.18. 連詞because引導原因狀語從句。I like flowers because they are very beautiful.我喜歡花因為他們很美。Unit 7 Travelling in Garden City【基礎(chǔ)知識】1. a double-decker bus 一輛雙層巴士2. instead 代替instead of (doing) sth. 代替，而不是3. an air-conditioned bus 一輛空調(diào)巴士4. a public transportation card 一張公共交通卡5. in the past 在過去，常用一般過去時 I liked swimming in the river in the past. 我過去喜歡在河里游泳。nowadays 現(xiàn)在，常用一般現(xiàn)在時 I go swimming in the swimming pool nowadays. 我現(xiàn)在在游泳池里游泳。6. have to buy tickets from a bus conductor 不得不從售票員那兒買票7. collect money from the passengers 從乘客那兒收取錢 pass v. 路過，通過 past prep.經(jīng)過8. put it in a bag 把它放在一個包里9. dont have to buy tickets不必買票dont have to do=dont need to do=neednt do不必做某事10. put their money in a fare box 把他們的錢放在投幣箱里11. 用于三者或以上：most /some / all /none of them 他們中的大多數(shù)/一些/全部/全都不是All of the bus drivers were men. 改否定句如下：http:/w w w.xkb 1. comNone of the bus drivers was a man. 或者None of the bus drivers were men.用于兩者之間：Both of my parents are engineers. 改否定句如下：Neither of my parents is an engineer.12. a woman/man doctor 一個女/男醫(yī)生three women/men doctors三個女/男醫(yī)生 含有man和woman的詞組兩個都變復數(shù) 其他名詞修飾名詞的詞組，一般最后一個變成復數(shù) 如：three classroom buildings 三幢教學樓13. What will travelling in Garden City be like in 10 years time= in 10 years? 十年以后在花園城市出行將會是怎樣的？此句中l(wèi)ike作介詞，意為“像”。 look like 看上去像like travelling by bus / ferry 喜歡乘公共汽車/渡船出行 這兒like作動詞，意為“喜歡”14. most of the people = most people大多數(shù)人15. fewer traffic jams 更少的交通堵塞 less traffic更少的交通more underground stations更多的地鐵站16. discuss them with your classmates 和你的同學討論他們discuss sth. with sb.=talk about sth. with sb. 和某人討論某事17. light rail 輕軌 traffic lights 紅綠燈 car parks 停車場 go through the tunnel過隧道18. a poster of future travelling 一張未來交通出行招貼make a poster 制作一張招貼 a postman 一個郵遞員 post office 郵局19. a fast food restaurant 一家快餐店20. make a line graph 畫一張曲線圖21. The number of hamburgers he sold is 200. 他賣掉的漢堡包的數(shù)目是200個。（單數(shù)）A number of hamburgers come from KFC. 大量的漢堡包來自肯德基。（a number of后跟可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，看作復數(shù)）22. take turns to do輪流做 Its my turn to do sth. 該輪到我做某事了。n. 輪流23. Shanghai has changed a lot. 上海改變了許多。還可以用以下句型表達：Great changes have taken place in Shanghai.There are great changes in Shanghai.24. travel from Pudong to Puxi 旅行從浦東到浦西25. perhaps副詞，多用于句首，表示“也許，大概，可能”，同義詞possibly多位于動詞前。Perhaps the weather will change today. = The weather will possibly change today.26. 名詞的所有格（1） 有生命的事物所有格，直接在名詞后加s，如Kittys brothers; childrens stories（兒童故事）；如果以s結(jié)尾的復數(shù)則直接加，如kids toys（兒童的玩具）。（2） 無生命的事物所有格，則由of構(gòu)成，如a map of the world（一張世界的地圖）, the garden of the house（這所房子的花園）新|課 |標|第 |一| 網(wǎng) （3） 表示時間、度量、價值、國家、城市等無生命的事物也可以用s，如 ten minutes walk（十分鐘的路程）, todays newspaper（今天的報紙）。Unit 8 Windy weather【基礎(chǔ)知識】1. the natural world自然世界 nature n.自然 natural a. 自然的2. in windy weather在有風的天氣里 on a windy day在一個有風的日子 wind n.3. ask Kitty some questions問凱蒂一些問題4. different kinds of windy weather不同種類的有風的天氣5. help her make a display board幫助她制作一個展版 help sb. (to) do sth. 幫助某人做某事6. a gentle wind 一陣微風 a strong wind大風 a typhoon臺風7. see people flying kites in the park看見人們正在公園里放風箏 see people holding their raincoats tightly看見人們正在緊緊抓住他們的雨衣see some street cleaners cleaning the street 看見一些街道清潔工在掃大街see sb. doing sth.看見某人正在做某事8. blow gently輕輕地吹 blow slightly輕柔地吹 blow fiercely猛烈地吹 blowblewblownmove quickly/fast快速地移動 move slowly慢慢地移動go home immediately /at once/right now立即回家去X k B 1 . c o m pass quickly 快速經(jīng)過 walk carefully in the street在大街上小心地走副詞，表示動作特征或性狀特征。一般用來形容或修飾除了名詞和代詞以外的詞，主要修飾形容詞、動詞、其他副詞和句子。He looks very happy.（修飾形容詞）The old lady is walking slowly now.（修飾動詞）Luckily, he got the first prize.（修飾句子）形容詞后面+ly構(gòu)成副詞: slowslowly slightslightly quickquickly carefulcarefully fiercefiercelyimmediateimmediately gentlegently luckyluckily happyhappily 9. take flower pots into their flats把花盆搬到他們的公寓里10. windsurf on the sea在海上沖浪11. fly their kite happily高興地放他們的風箏12. become stronger變得更強大 become a typhoon變成臺風13. blow away their kite=blow their kite away吹走他們的風箏14. fall down倒下 fallfellfallen15. sink in the sea在海里下沉 sinksanksunk16. a slide show about typhoons 一個關(guān)于臺風的幻燈片17. think about what may happen when there is a typhoon思考當有一個臺風時什么可能發(fā)生 may do 可能做某事 must do一定做某事 cant do不可能做某事 表示猜測18. heavy objects重物 big waves大浪break windows打破玻璃窗 fall on cars掉在汽車上19. blow away flowers pots outside peoples flat把人們房子外面的花盆吹走20. sink ships and boats使船下沉 fishing boats漁船21. stay in typhoon shelters呆在臺風庇護所22. should do sth.應該做某事=had better do sth. should not do sth.不應該做某事=had better not do sth.23. when 當 的時候 引導時間狀語從句，表示一個動作與另一個動作同一時間發(fā)生，或一個動作在另一個動作所延續(xù)的范圍之內(nèi)發(fā)生。主從句時態(tài)要一致。當主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。新 課 標 第 一 網(wǎng)What can you see when there is a typhoon? 當有臺風時，你能看見什么？When it doesnt rain tomorrow, I will go out for a walk.當明天天氣不下雨時，我將出去散步。Unit 9 Sea water and rain water【基礎(chǔ)知識】1. a quarter of 四分之一 three quarters of 四分之三2. a starfish 一個海星 sea animals 海洋動物3. prepare a quiz for a class competition about the oceans 為班級競賽準備一個關(guān)于海洋的測試4. almost three quarters of the Earth幾乎四分之三的地球5. live in the streams住在小溪里 in the oceans在海洋里 in the deep sea在深海里on their farms在農(nóng)場6. the largest animals on the Earth/in the world地球上最大的動物7. one of the most intelligent animals最聰明的動物之一one of the most dangerous animals最危險的動物之一one of the + 形容詞最高級+ 名詞的復數(shù)，表示“最的之一”。8. interesting and beautiful sea animals有趣的漂亮的海洋動物9. get food from the oceans從海洋里得到食物10. the seafood we eat我們吃的海鮮11. use nets to catch fish and prawns用網(wǎng)抓魚和蝦12. be important to all animals對所有的動物是重要的13. keep them c