1200立方米含油污水處理工程設(shè)計(jì)方案

SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagra SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagra 目 錄 第一章 概述 第一節(jié)：前言 第二節(jié)：項(xiàng)目簡(jiǎn)況 第二章 國(guó)內(nèi)外含油污水處理現(xiàn)狀 第一節(jié)：國(guó)內(nèi)工藝技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀 第二節(jié)：國(guó)外工藝技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀 第三章 含油污水處理工藝的選擇 第一節(jié)：核心污水處理技術(shù)篩 選 第二節(jié)：經(jīng)濟(jì)效益分析和處理效果 第三節(jié)：污水處理工藝流程確定 第四章 污水處理工藝 第一節(jié)：設(shè)計(jì)方案編制依據(jù) 第二節(jié)：設(shè)計(jì)方案編制原則 第三節(jié)：遵循的主要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及規(guī)范 第四節(jié)：設(shè)計(jì)范圍及設(shè)計(jì)目的 第五節(jié)：設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)模及參數(shù) 第六節(jié)：工藝技術(shù)說明 第五章 電器及處理系統(tǒng)控制 第一節(jié)：設(shè)計(jì)原則、設(shè)計(jì)范圍 第二節(jié)：處理系統(tǒng)工藝控制要點(diǎn) 第三節(jié)：電源及用電負(fù)荷 SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagra SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagra - - 1 第四節(jié)：照明及接地保護(hù) 第五節(jié)：化驗(yàn)分析儀器 第六章 工程投資費(fèi)用估算 第一節(jié)：主要設(shè)備投資估算表 第七章 質(zhì)量及服務(wù)承諾 第八章 其它說明 第九章 工程圖紙 1、工藝流程圖 2、平面布置圖 第一章 概 述 SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagra SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagra - - 2 第一節(jié) 前言 隨著現(xiàn)代石油工業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展，為推動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)，目前我國(guó)大部分油田生產(chǎn)過程中，采取注水開發(fā)方式，油井含水與日俱增，因而水和油田生產(chǎn)的關(guān)系極其密切。隨著我國(guó)油田開發(fā)的規(guī)模越來越大，含油污水產(chǎn)出量越來越多，由于含油污水中含有一定量的原油和其它物質(zhì)，如不及時(shí)處理，隨意排放會(huì)給人民生活和生產(chǎn)帶來嚴(yán)重危害。對(duì)含油污水進(jìn)行處理，并且回注地下，變害為利，解決了油田注水的水源問題和污水排放問題，在生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐中含油污水回注是合理開發(fā)和利用水資源的正確途SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagra SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagra - - 3 徑。 第二節(jié) 項(xiàng)目簡(jiǎn)況 隨著建設(shè)步伐的加快，采油井的 不斷增多，原油產(chǎn)量大幅度的提高，隨著油田的采出污水的明顯上升，對(duì)含油污水的管理及外輸形成較大的壓力和負(fù)擔(dān)。為此對(duì)該油田的含油污水進(jìn)行處理并回注地下，已是當(dāng)務(wù)之急?；刈⒌暮臀鬯捎诘V化度和粘度高，因此具有優(yōu)良的洗油能力，含油污水的密度和溫度優(yōu)勢(shì)對(duì)注水井的吸收能力和洗油過程具有良好的作用。但是回注的含油污水成份復(fù)雜，水質(zhì)要求比較嚴(yán)格。污水處理裝置處理出水應(yīng)能達(dá)到低滲透油田的注水水質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，以滿足油田的生產(chǎn)要求。 第二章 國(guó)內(nèi)外含油污水處理技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀 SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagra SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagra - - 4 第一節(jié) 國(guó)內(nèi)工藝技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀 國(guó)內(nèi)油田含油污水處理工藝有常規(guī)工藝和深度處理兩種，對(duì)于高滲透油層，通常采用常規(guī)處理工藝，一般為自然沉降、混凝沉降除油、單層濾料（或雙層濾料）過濾；對(duì)于低滲透油層，一般在常規(guī)工藝基礎(chǔ)上再進(jìn)行深度處理，即二級(jí)或三級(jí)過濾。 國(guó)內(nèi)油田含油污水處理工藝，現(xiàn)今可分為二種工藝來概括： 第一種 常規(guī)工藝 常規(guī)工藝為 90 年代前的水處理工藝，水處理系統(tǒng)龐大，處理水質(zhì)較差，SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagra SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagra - - 5 水處理設(shè)備基本相同。主要采用重力分離原理設(shè)計(jì)的立式除油罐，經(jīng)一次除油，二次除油，斜板隔油沉淀后，由增壓泵升壓，經(jīng)過一次過濾，二次過濾， 至凈水罐。反洗過程為反沖洗罐的水由反洗泵吸水升壓向過濾罐反沖洗，反沖洗排放水送至回收水罐，經(jīng)回收水泵再向沉降罐輸送再處理。含油污水處理站的流程可分為兩種，下面分別講述這兩種常規(guī)工藝的基本流程。 流程一： 回收水池 加藥 含油污水 一次、二次沉降罐 一次過濾 二次過濾 緩沖水罐 注：凈化水罐和沖洗罐合建成一個(gè) 反沖洗泵 反沖洗罐 外輸至注水罐 含油污水經(jīng)一、二次沉降后直接進(jìn)入一次過濾罐，再進(jìn)入二次濾 罐，在進(jìn)入一次濾罐前加混凝劑，經(jīng)一次接觸過濾后進(jìn)入二次過濾器過濾，二次過濾后一部分水進(jìn)緩沖罐，外輸至注水站；一部分水進(jìn)反沖洗罐，作為一、二次濾罐的反沖洗水，由反洗泵分別對(duì)一次濾罐和二次濾罐反沖洗，反沖洗排水進(jìn)入回收水池，由回收水泵送至一、二次沉降罐再除油沉淀。 SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagra SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagra - - 6 流程二： 回收水池 加藥 含油污水 一次、二次沉降罐 緩沖罐 一次過濾 二次過濾 反沖洗泵 反沖洗罐 注：一二次沉降罐加緩沖罐沒有凈水水罐 外輸至注水罐 含油污水經(jīng)一、二次沉降后，經(jīng)過緩沖水罐進(jìn)入一次過濾罐，在進(jìn)入一次濾罐前加混凝劑，經(jīng)一次接觸過濾后進(jìn)入二次過濾器過濾，二次過濾后一部水外輸至注水站，一部分水入反沖洗罐，作為一、二次濾罐的反沖洗水，由反洗泵分別對(duì)一次濾罐和二次濾罐反沖洗，反沖洗排水進(jìn)入回收水池，由回收水泵送至一二次沉降罐再除油沉淀。 第二種：集中對(duì)濾罐的填料研制和改造 含油污水深度處理站均采用壓力流程，根據(jù)濾罐中 的填料的不同可分為兩種，第一類：它的濾料以無煙煤、石英砂、磁鐵礦為主；第二類；近年較新的深度處理站，采用核桃殼濾料。由于無煙煤濾料濾速低，濾料流失快，反沖洗強(qiáng)度大等原因，含油污水深度處理的工藝改進(jìn)基本集中在對(duì)濾罐填料的研制上，核桃殼濾料在大慶采油廠大批的應(yīng)用就說明了這點(diǎn)。 SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagra SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagra - - 7 雖然新型濾料降低了含油污水深度處理的運(yùn)行費(fèi)用，但仍采用原有的工藝流程，整個(gè)站的投資并沒有減少多少。 第二節(jié) 國(guó)外工藝技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀 國(guó)外油田含油污水處理工藝與我國(guó)大體相同，主要也是除油和過濾兩個(gè)階段，多以氣浮選、水力旋流器、高效聚結(jié)除油裝置為主，此 外還有利用機(jī)械離心、機(jī)械過濾、減壓蒸餾、吸附等原理設(shè)計(jì)的傳統(tǒng)式的油水分離裝置。 美國(guó)較常用的處理方法是氣浮選除油，過濾則按注入層滲透率高低采用粗過濾和精細(xì)過濾。比較典型的是 Bakers 油田含油污水處理站，該站采用氣浮選和兩級(jí)過濾工藝。另外，還有美國(guó)帕若根工程服務(wù)公司研制出的三合一含油污水處理系統(tǒng)（ TCC），該系統(tǒng)把聚結(jié)、沉降、旋流和氣浮方法組合成一體，除油效率高達(dá) 95以上。 俄羅斯油田含油污水一般采用重力沉降方法，結(jié)合聚結(jié)、氣浮選等工藝，以提高設(shè)備的除油效率。由巴斯基里亞石油科技設(shè)計(jì)院研制并在油田廣泛應(yīng)用 的污水處理工藝流程為：含油污水首先進(jìn)入聚結(jié)罐除油、除機(jī)雜，然后再進(jìn)立式沉降罐沉降除油，罐內(nèi)設(shè)置天然氣噴嘴，采用氣浮選除油。 第三節(jié) 含油污水處理新技術(shù)發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 近年來，為降低含油污水處理站的投資和運(yùn)行費(fèi)用，并在提高含油污SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagra SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagra - - 8 水處理質(zhì)量的前提下，尋找含油污水深度處理的新工藝或簡(jiǎn)化工藝流程是非常迫切的。 2000 年至 2003 年期間，吉林和大慶油田有針對(duì)性的引進(jìn)和開發(fā)了幾種污水處理新工藝，比較有