《京華煙云》中姚木蘭和《簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)》中簡(jiǎn)的比較.doc

1綜述國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀：姚木蘭是京華煙云中的一位女主人公,是新知識(shí)加舊道德式的賢妻良母,是林語(yǔ)堂心中的完美女性。簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)是夏洛蒂借一個(gè)出身寒微的年輕女子奮斗的經(jīng)歷，抒發(fā)了自己胸中的積愫，塑造了一個(gè)不屈于世俗壓力，獨(dú)立自主，積極進(jìn)取的女性形象。小說(shuō)中簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)對(duì)羅切斯特的愛(ài)情故事，生動(dòng)地展現(xiàn)了的那火一樣的熱情和赤誠(chéng)的心靈，強(qiáng)烈地透露出她的愛(ài)情觀?？v使歲月流逝,京華煙云的主人公姚木蘭與簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)中的主人公簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)仍然是東西方文化中的兩位經(jīng)典女性形象。有的學(xué)者尤為贊賞木蘭在婚姻中的體現(xiàn)的中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的智慧與豁達(dá),也有的學(xué)者極力推崇簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)處理愛(ài)與婚姻的果斷與執(zhí)著,認(rèn)為木蘭遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不如簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)的勇敢與獨(dú)立。研究目的和意義：本文將林語(yǔ)堂的京華煙云與英國(guó)19世紀(jì)第一部女性主義文學(xué)作品夏洛蒂勃朗特的簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)中的主人公簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)進(jìn)行比較,闡述了中西方兩種不同文化傳統(tǒng),不同時(shí)代背景下造就的女性的愛(ài)情婚姻觀,并進(jìn)一步剖析了兩位女主人公最終難以逃脫男權(quán)本位制的命運(yùn)。重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)和創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)：重點(diǎn) ：對(duì)中西方兩種不同文化傳統(tǒng)中愛(ài)情婚姻觀的比較難點(diǎn) ：怎樣更深層地通過(guò)兩部作品中女主人公的生平經(jīng)歷和性格思想的塑造來(lái)分析中西方不同文化傳統(tǒng)中女性愛(ài)情觀的異同。創(chuàng)新點(diǎn) ：深層分析木蘭與簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)的性格思想不同塑造預(yù)期的結(jié)果 ：本研究從兩部作品中女主人公不同的生活經(jīng)歷和不同的性格思想的塑造和熏陶，還有不同的文化傳統(tǒng)打背景下的女性思想等方面來(lái)分析中西方女性的愛(ài)情觀，并總結(jié)出兩者的聯(lián)系與差異。更加科學(xué)辨證的對(duì)待中西方差異，并為女性在愛(ài)情婚姻觀方面提出相關(guān)有益建議，從中西方婚姻觀中剔除糟粕，取其精華。期望通過(guò)本研究能使人們對(duì)中西方不同的愛(ài)情觀有全面的、系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)識(shí)。辨證客觀地對(duì)待中西方愛(ài)情婚姻觀的差異。2論文提綱1 引言2 姚木蘭的人生經(jīng)歷2.1充滿道教色彩的一生2.2儒道并存，中西融合的成長(zhǎng)新女性2.3富貴如浮云，洗盡鉛華后的質(zhì)樸與堅(jiān)忍3 簡(jiǎn)的人生經(jīng)歷4 木蘭所受思想的熏陶5 簡(jiǎn)所受思想的熏陶 5.1在蓋茲海德5.2在勞沃德學(xué)校5.3在桑菲爾德5.4在莫爾屋6 木蘭的愛(ài)情7 簡(jiǎn)的愛(ài)情8 兩個(gè)女主人公愛(ài)情的共同局限性8.1她們選擇愛(ài)情的原因8.2兩個(gè)女主人公局限性的相似性9 結(jié)語(yǔ)3論文寫(xiě)作進(jìn)度安排09年11月24日-11月28日 完成論文開(kāi)題報(bào)告.11月28日-12月15日 與指導(dǎo)教師落實(shí)大綱。12月0日-12月31日 完成論文初稿。10年5月5日-5月5日 與指導(dǎo)教師溝通，在教師指導(dǎo)下修改論文初稿。5月5日-5月12日 充實(shí)論文內(nèi)容,修改并完成二稿。5月18日-5月18日 在導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)下修改并完成論文三稿。5月19日-5月19日 完成定稿。4 參考文獻(xiàn)1 Delauretis Teresa. Feminist Studies/Critical StudiesM 1986.2 Charlotte Bronte. Jane EyreM.The Ballantyne Press,1927.3 Vicinus, Marthaed. Suffer and be Still: Woman in the Victorian Age.BloomingtoM.Indiana University press,1972.4 Lin Yutang,.Moment of Peking M.文學(xué)出版社, 1987.5 賀嵐.另類(lèi)視角下的簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)形象分析 M. 文學(xué)出版社，2007.6 林語(yǔ)堂.京華煙云M .文學(xué)出版社,1987.7 黃炎權(quán).京華煙云:道學(xué)的超然與歧惑 J.廣東廣播電視大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào),2001(4). 8 孟弘.京華煙云中的姚木蘭與林語(yǔ)堂的人生哲學(xué)觀 J .濟(jì)源職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào),2003(3).9 郭英劍.男性與女權(quán)主義文學(xué)批判述評(píng) J.現(xiàn)代外語(yǔ),1997(3). 10 吳偉仁.英國(guó)文學(xué)史與選讀M.上海外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究出版社,2001.11 童慶炳.文學(xué)概論M.武漢大學(xué)出版社,20001.12 劉丹,張亞春 淺談簡(jiǎn).愛(ài)人物形象的審美意義M. 內(nèi)蒙古民族大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào). 2008(9).13 崔麗群. 林語(yǔ)堂京華煙云中姚木蘭的人物形象分析 J. 林區(qū)教學(xué). 2008(7).5指導(dǎo)教師意見(jiàn)： 指導(dǎo)教師：_ 年 月 日6系部審查意見(jiàn)： 系部負(fù)責(zé)人：_ 年 月 日ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Miss Du, my supervisor, for her constant encouragement and guidance. She has walked me through all the stages of the writing of this thesis, and her ever-useful advice frequently prompted to probe deeper and to broach ideas previously closed off my vision. Without her consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not have reached its present form. Second, I would like to express my heartful gratitude to Mr Yu, who led me into the world of choosing the proper topic of the thesis, no matter how late the night went down, he tried his best to help me and gave me some advice till I finally fixed the topic of the thesis. I am also greatly indebted to the professors and teachers at the Department of English:Professor Fang, Miss Liu, who have instructed and helped me a lot in the past two years. All their enterprising spirit sets a good example for me to follow. Last my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these years. I also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends, especially to Wang Weiqing and Li xiuli, who helped me a lot along the whole process of this writing, and my fellow classmates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis.摘 要 姚木蘭是京華煙云中的一位女主人公，林語(yǔ)堂先生最推崇姚木蘭，姚木蘭可以說(shuō)是他心中理想女性的化身，是“新知識(shí)加舊道德”式的賢妻良母，是林語(yǔ)堂心中的完美女性。簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)主要通過(guò)簡(jiǎn).愛(ài)是一個(gè)出生低微、生活道路曲折，卻始終堅(jiān)持維護(hù)獨(dú)立人格、追求個(gè)性自由、主張人生平等、不向人生低頭的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)女性。本文將京華煙云與英國(guó)19世紀(jì)第一部女性主義文學(xué)作品夏洛蒂勃朗特的簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)中的主人公簡(jiǎn).愛(ài)進(jìn)行比較。闡述了中西方兩種不同人生經(jīng)歷、不同文化傳統(tǒng)、不同思想熏陶、不同時(shí)代背景下造就的女性不同的愛(ài)情婚姻觀，并進(jìn)一步剖析了兩位女主人公愛(ài)情觀的局限的相似性，并揭示了兩位女主人公最終無(wú)法逃脫男權(quán)本位主義的命運(yùn)。關(guān)鍵詞：簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)； 姚木蘭； 愛(ài)情； 婚姻； 相似性； 男權(quán)本位主義ABSTRACT Yao Mulan is the heroine of Moment In Peking, Lin Yutang sang high praise for Mulan and considered Mulan as the embodiment of the ideal lady in his innermost heart. Mulan is the virtuous wife and good mother of “ new knowledge and outdated morality” and the ideal lady of Lin Yutang. Jane Eyre creats a brave female who was born humble and had a winding life path while she held on to safeguard individual personality, pursued free development of individualities, maintained the equality of life, and never gave up to hard life. The research compares Mulan in Moment in Peiking with Jane in Jane Eyre which is the first feministic literary work in 19th century written by Charlotte Bronte and amplify the different life experiences of Mulan and Jane, different culture traditions between East and West, different versions of love and marriage in different time-backgrounds. Further more, the research parses the similarity of two heroines common limitations of love and shows that the two heroines couldnt escape from the destiny of male-chauvinism.Key words: Jane Eyre; Mulan; Love; Marriage; similarity; male-chauvinismCONTENTSAcknowledgements.iAbstract in Chinese.iiAbstract in English.iii1 Introduction.12 Life experience of Mulan.2 2.1. Mulans life full of Taoism.2 2.2. New woman of Taoism and Confusian, East and West.3 2.3. Being simple and tough after excessive magnificences.43 Life experience of Jane.44 Thought edification of Mulan.75 Thought edification of Jane.8 5.1. In Gateshead.8 5.2. In Lowood School.9 5.3. In Thornfield.9 5.4. In Moor House.106 Love of Mulan.117 Love of Jane.128 The common limitations of love of two heroines .13 8.1 The reason for them to choose love.14 8.2 The similarities of common limitations of two heroines.169 Conclusion.17Bibliography.18A Comparative Study of Mulan in Moment in Peking And Jane in Jane Eyre1 Introduction Moment in Peking which is broadly considered as the Dream of Red Mansion in China of the 1930s is carefully flowered in the garden of Chinas modern novel. The heroine Yao Mulan is the woman that is beloved by Lin Yutang. She is not only elegant, gentle, clever, brave and strong but also generous and humanitarian. According to Mulans life, what most makes people admire is her attitude to love and her choice of marriage. When love is coming, she shows her braveness, cleverness and passion; but when marriage conflicts with love, she is able to accept her own marriage peacefully and calmly and grasp her own happiness. People has such a feeling that If I were a woman I would like to be Mulan. Jane Eyre is the representative work of Charlotte Bronte who is a literature writer of Critical Realism in 19th century in Britain. It was a turbulent era in Britain, along with the rapid development of capitalism, the class conflicts were intensifying and soon the historical Chartist Movement broke out. The book molds the image of female who dared to resist and struggle for freedom and equality in the face of social unfairness successfully. And it shows the arousal of female awareness in 19th century. It plays an intensive role in promoting the spirit of femalespursuing freedom and self-empowerment. The spirit of not yielding in face of pressure and daring challenging frustrations is precious all the time. The research paper compares Mulan in Moment in Peiking with Jane in Jane Eyre which is the first feministic literary work in 19th century written by Charlotte Bronte and amplifies the different cultural traditions between East and West, different versions of love and marriage in different time-backgrounds. Further more, the research paper parses the male-chauvinism fate that two heroines couldnt escape.2 Life experience of Mulan The entire novel has gone through several period spans, from Kuang Hsu to the National Revolution to all the people. On one hand, it shows the particular background in historically specific times in Peking, on the other hand, from the ups and downs of Mulan, from a rich girl enjoying comfortable life to a countrywoman leading a mountain elegant life and at last, she became a member of the common people. Gradually, we can see the spirit sublimation of Mulan during her growing and mature transition when having a grasp on the fate of key national crisis.2.1 Mulans life full of Taoism Yao Sze-an believes in Taoist culture faithfully and is a royal practitioner. Taoism influenced Mulan deeply and penetrated all her life. In the beginning of the story, before escaping to the south, the father taught Mulan the attitude that regarded antiques as waste, he said “Luck , or fochi, is not something that happened to a man from the outside, but is within him. To enjoy any form of luck or earthly happiness, a man has to have the character to enjoy and keep it. For one qualified for luck, jars of water will turn into silver; and for one who is not qualified, jars of silver will turn into water.” These words always came into Mulans mind, Taoist planted the seeds in her heart from childhood. Throughout Mulans life, it is the use of Taoist thought in the process of understanding of life: When she was ten, she was seperated from her family on their way to the south, and was sold to human traffickers by the Boxers, and at last, she was saved by the Tsangs. From the start, she was frightened, and then she made the best of things when facing kinds of changes. After being saved, she was curious about fate. This legendary experience cultivated Mulans personality. She always believed in destiny and was in the course of nature of Taoism, so even if she was in love with Kung Lifu, she obeyed the orders of her parents and married Sunya who loved her. Not bad, the marriage turned out to be good. Mulans spiritual realm increasingly opened afer a range of ups and downs : the same tour with Lifu to visit the First Emperor Wordless Tablet of Thai Mountain, the pain of losing her daugher in 8th March, immigration to Hangzhou, fleeing from the war In the constant experience of living, she comprehended the meaning of life more and more deeply and obtained Taoism awareness surpassing herself and reached a higher realm of life.2.2 New woman of Taoism and Confucian, East and West Mulan was not only the daugher of a Taoist but also the daugher-in-law of Confucianism, she made the best use of both Taoism and Confucianism and was the amalgamation and complementation of Taoism and Confucianism. No matter what role in life she was playing, Mulan was successful. As a daughter of a Taoist, she was popular by both old and new of the Yaos. As a daugher-in-law, she made all thingsof the Tsengs in good order . Mulan achieved alternating for both Confucianism and Taoism. Meanwhile, Mulan is also a new woman under the impact of two kinds of ideas both in East and West. She was born in a Taoist family and married in a Confucianist one and she once went to New Learning school in Tianjing and was also impacted by Lifus new ideas. So, Mulan was the combination of Taoism and Confucianism, new ideas and old tradition, and achieved amalgamation of East and West. For love and marriage, on the one hand, she obeyed “parenting orders” and married SunYa and tried to play the role of a virtuous wife and good mother to maintain a happy and beautiful marriage. On the other hand, in her innermost heart, there was always a place for Lifu, this is a deep undercurrents of love. When LiFu was caught in jail, she chould disregard her own safety to intercede for Li Fu, holding the idea of sacrificing everything. This not only shows self-sacrifice in Chinese Traditional Culture, but also expresses modern culture on its own way of love and courage. But in terms of ideology, although in the “3.18” Tragedy, she lost her daugher A-Man, she had not the slightest political awareness, simply poured her own pain from the maternal point of view. But in later en route, she had already gone through humiliation and resentment of home and country. This supremacy of the East of the traditional family ethics and modern culture of love supreme, personal pain of losing daugher and natioanl patriotism achieved coexistence and blending.2.3 Being simple and tough after excessive magnificences Lin Rusi, the son of Lin Yutang summarized life changes of Mulan in the preface of Moment of Peking : From enjoying the material well-being of all, then being the village women leading a quiet mountain life to finally being a common peasant, Mulan, at last, becomes courageous as one of the great drops in the sea of people. Yao Mulan adored landscape and nostalgic nature from childhood, therefore, after losting her daughter, she was willing to give up the life of sumptuous food and luxurious clothings and led a secluded life in Hangzhou with Sun Ya. However, in the era of great turmoil, this Taoist life was short-lived bubble of Happiness. When the State and nation was at the survival of the moment, she did not choose to escape and hold back, but with the awe-inspiring andextraordinary determination she sent the only son of her own to the anti-Japanese war. Meanwhile, she accepted and helped orphans on the way of fleeing. At last, she integrated herself into the flood of the national war of resistance, and she became a member of the ordinary people. The spirit of Mulan completed the rehabilitation course. Perhaps, only by faded excessive magnificence can Mulan hold more simple and touch meaning of life and get the perfect vitality. All in all, as a new women who was born in wealth and finally attributed to the original simplicity of life, Yao Mulan grew up in the age of changes. All embody the ideal of human nature of Lin Yutang.3 Life experience of Jane Jane Eyre, creats a brave female who was born humble and suffered a lot while persisted in maintaining an independent personality, pursuing individual freedom, advocating equality of life and never bowing to life by the way of a love story full of twists and turns between Jane and Rochester. Jane lived in an environment of losing both parents and subjugation. From an early age, she suffered different from her peers: Aunts cold-shoulder, cousins contempt, insults and beatings, etc. However, she didnt feel despaired, she was not self-destructive, she did not sink into degradation. All the sufferings, on the contrary, exchanged Janes unlimited confidence, strong dedication, invincible inherent personality. Jane Eyre spent her childhood life in her adoptive mothers home in Gateshead. She was not gregarious, and couldnt be respected by any others. However, she was not reconciled to it, she strived to surpass others to prove that she was not a bad girl. While, she was sent to charity school-Lowood School. The diet there was poor, the accommodation was even poorer. The daily food was not only less but also burned. What they wore was the worst. The school principle was a priest called Blocker Hurst who was very vicious and extremely harsh when developing school regulations for the students. For example: Students can not wear curly hair including natural curly hair, nor pigtails. One should sew and mend by herself when the thin socks were worn out. However, the principle thought these requirements were the obligations and virtues of Christian and he considered childrens very common things in life as secular arrogance Also he regarded rags as due plain, and he considered sufferings of children as a way of cultivating tenacious will. All of these made anyone who approched the school feel indignant. Lowood School seemed to be a prison which kept those girls locked up in pain and also it liked a stove which inspired the fury of resistance in Jane Eyre. She took up the cudgels against the injustice dont to what happened to Helen Burns. And she told her that the loved one must love and it was necessary to hate those who hate. One should not bound his own feeling in front of his power. In one spring, horrible plague spred in the Lowood, typhus was blown to crowded classrooms and dormitories. Not until May, the school became hospical and Janes friend died. Lowood had to close after the exposure of terrible sanitary conditions. Some rich people again funded the construction of a new school, there was a favourable turn in Janes life. Later, Jane lived through the joy, pain and all sorts of twists and turns, trying to find her hearts share of love. Unfortunately, in learning life, Jane Eyre still bore both the physical punishment and the mental humiliation. Brockleuhurst, a donor of the school, not only slandered her in the presence of all the teachers and students but also placed her on the humiliation stage to show others and that made her lose face. However, Jane Eyre was still firm and inflexible, and she turned grief into strength. Not only made big progress in learning, but also she made all the teachers and students understand. Being tired of the life of the Orphanage, Jane advertised to seek for professional tutor. In Thornfield, Jane was employed. It is in Thornfield that Jane fell in love. (The detailed information will be descried in latter part: Love of Jane.) With strong personality, she also maintaine