Module 6 Entertainment.doc

Module 6 Entertainment主講：席 文 冬一、一周知識概述本模塊以娛樂為話題，對話內(nèi)容是關(guān)于薩莉來中國訪問演出的情況；閱讀課文介紹的是一部美國電影加勒比海盜。課文從聽說到讀寫都圍繞著娛樂方面的話題展開，因此同學(xué)們會接觸很多相關(guān)的詞匯。本模塊要求大家掌握以下知識：1單詞與短語：among, awake, sleepy, too, worried, fight, sail, ship, tonight, act, character, action, play, scene, funny, although, opinion, except, advise, ourselves, plenty, winner; take place, too much, except for, advise sb. to do sth., face to face, in ones opinion, plenty of等。2語法：掌握直接引語為陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化為間接引語間的轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則二、重難點(diǎn)知識講解1Hi, were you awake at 10 oclock yesterday evening? awake是形容詞，意思是“醒著的”。e.g.I hope hes awake now. 我希望他現(xiàn)在還醒的。The baby is awake. 嬰兒醒著。本句中表示“晚上10點(diǎn)”用的是evening這個詞，實(shí)際上，從具體時間上evening和night并沒有一個準(zhǔn)確的界定，evening指的是the early part of the night between the end of day and the time you go to bed。2Was that it? 就這些嗎？這個疑問句的陳述句形式是大家很熟悉的Thats it.這個短語在口語中很常用，表示說話人已表述完或某種事態(tài)已不可改變。e.g.OK, thats it. 好的，就這樣。Thats it then. Theres nothing we can do. 就這樣，我們沒什么可做的。3So she knows that shes among friends. 那么她知道她是和朋友們在一起。among此處的意思是“和某一群體在一起”，它還有“在之中；之一”的含義。e.g.Jim relaxed, knowing he was among friends. Jim很放松，他知道他是和朋友們在一起。I was among the crowd. 我處身在人群中。Share the fruit among your friends. 把水果分給你的朋友們。4A new film starts tonight at the student cinema at eight oclock.今天晚上八點(diǎn)學(xué)生影院將放映一部新影片。句中動詞start用的是一般現(xiàn)在時形式，但表達(dá)的是將來時的意思。英文中一些動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時可用來表示按計(jì)劃安排、時間表等嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行的行為。如come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等。e.g.The sports meet takes place on October 18.運(yùn)動會將于十月十八日舉行。The train leaves at eight every morning from this station.火車每天早晨八點(diǎn)從本站出發(fā)。在時間、條件狀語從句中，也用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。e.g.If it rains tomorrow, we wont go to visit the Summer Palace.如果明天下雨，我們就不去參觀頤和園。When she comes back Ill tell her about it. 等她回來時，我將把這件事告訴她。5and they both act well in this film, and make their characters believable. 他們倆在片中的表演非常成功，使得角色真實(shí)可信。（1）act此處的意思是“(在電視劇或電影中)表演”。e.g.The main character acted very well in the film. 主角在電影中演的非常好。She first acted in a film when she was four years old. 她四歲演的第一部電影。（2）make the characters believable中的make此處表示“使得”。e.g.The movie made him a star. 這部電影使他成為了明星。The news made us excited. 消息使我們很興奮。6Then they come face to face with some terrible men and have to fight them.然后，他們遇到一些壞人，不得不與他們開戰(zhàn)。face to face(with)表示“面對面，面臨”。e.g.Id like to talk to you face to face. 我想和你面談。The teacher came face to face with such a problem for the first time.拓展：hand in hand 手牽手shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩back to back 背靠背mouth to mouth 嘴對嘴heart to heart 心貼心side by side 肩并肩7She plays Elisabeth, the daughter of a rich man. 她扮演的是伊麗莎白，一位富人的女兒。（1）play在本句中的意思是“在電影或電視劇中扮演角色”。e.g.He often plays a policeman in TV plays. 他經(jīng)常在電視劇中扮演警察。In the play she played a woman ten years younger than her own age.這部戲中她演的是比她自己小十歲的女子。（2）the daughter of a rich man是Elisabeth同位語。同位語的作用是對前面的名詞（可稱為主體名詞）加以解釋。e.g.Well visit the park, the Summer Palace tomorrow. 我們明天要去參觀頤和園。8The film isnt true to life, but its very exciting, and some of it is very funny.雖然這部電影不是反映現(xiàn)實(shí)生活的，但卻激動人心，有些地方還非常有趣。這里true to life表示“反映真實(shí)生活的；反映現(xiàn)實(shí)的”。e.g.The story is very true to life. 這個故事真實(shí)地反映了生活。The book is quite interesting but the characters are not very true to life.這本書很有意思。但是里面的人物卻不是很真實(shí)。9Its an enjoyable film, although in my opinion theres too much fighting. 雖然在我看來，電影中打斗場面過多，但它還是一部很有意思的片子。（1）in ones opinion表示“在某人看來”。e.g.In my opinion, hes the best teacher in our school.在我看來，他是學(xué)校中最好的老師。InWho, in your opinion, is the best football player in the world today?你們認(rèn)為當(dāng)今世界上誰是最好的足球運(yùn)動員？（2）too much 相當(dāng)于形容詞，意為“more than enough”，用在不可數(shù)名詞前面作定語或在系動詞后面作表語。e.g.Americans eat too much meat in my opinion. 依我看，美國人吃的肉太多。I drank too much cola last night. 昨天晚上我可樂喝得太多了。Shes afraid the trip will be too much for me. 她怕我受不了旅途的勞累。too much可相當(dāng)于名詞，在句子中作主語或賓語。e.g.Too much was happening all at once. 同時發(fā)生的事情太多了。You have given me too much. 你給我的太多了。too much還可相當(dāng)于副詞，在句子中作狀語。e.g.You work too much. 你工作干得太多了。注意too much與much too的區(qū)別：much too的用法比較簡單，只用作副詞作狀語，但它不單獨(dú)使用，在句子中要修飾形容詞或副詞，但不修飾動詞。e.g.You are much too kind to me. 你對我實(shí)在太好了。You are driving much too fast. 你開車太快了。10But except for that, its an excellent film.但是除了那一點(diǎn)以外，它還是一部很優(yōu)秀的電影。句中except for表示“除之外”。e.g The roads were clear except for a few cars.除了幾輛小汽車外，馬路上空蕩蕩的。辨析：except for, except與besides請先比較下列句子：We all went except him. 除他之外，我們都去了。(他沒有去)We all went besides him. 除他之外，我們大家也都去了。(他也去了)His composition is good except for some spelling mistakes.他的作文除了一些拼寫錯誤外，還是不錯的。(composition和spelling mistakes是兩個不同范圍的詞，但spelling mistakes是在composition總體之中）也就是說except作“除以外”解釋，指所說的整體中，部分除外，在使用時對except后面的詞作意義上的否定，即不包括后面的內(nèi)容在總體中。e.g.All of us went to the zoo except Dick. 除了Dick之外我們都去了動物園。(Dick沒有去動物園，Dick不包括在all of us中。）except for作“除之外”講，含有“若無”的意思，著重對總體情況中的個別狀況加以修正，except for前后所用的詞是表示不同范圍的詞。e.g.This photo is good except for this color. 這個照片總體是好的,就是顏色不好.besides表示“除了之外，還有”，指“在整體中加入一部分”，表示遞加的概念，含義是肯定的。e.g.Besides English, he has to study German. 除了英語, 他還要學(xué)德語。11If you didnt see it when it first came out, I advise you to go and see it now.如果這部電影剛上映時你沒看的話，我建議你現(xiàn)在就去看。（1）句中的come out指“書、光盤、影視作品等的出版發(fā)行”。come out這個含義在第一模塊也出現(xiàn)過。e.g.In senior high school David wrote a story about teenage life, and it came out as a book in 2003.上高中時，大衛(wèi)寫了一個關(guān)于青少年生活的故事，這個故事于2003年以書的形式出版了。His new album will come out next month. 他的新專輯下個月發(fā)行。When is the new edition of the book coming out?這本書的新版本什么時候出版？（2）advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事；advise (ones) doing sth. 建議（某人）做某事She advised me to wear my best clothes. 她勸我穿上最好的衣服。The teacher advised (our) starting early. 老師建議（我們）早點(diǎn)動身。三、語法點(diǎn)撥直接引語與間接引語（I）（一）直接引語（Direct Speech）在引用別人的原話時，被引用的句子稱為直接引語（direct speech）。引起引語的詞稱為引述動詞（reporting verbs）。“I remember I had seen you.”I said. “I rang the bell,”James said,“and your maid let me in.”（二）間接引語（Indirect Speech）當(dāng)人們用自己的話報(bào)導(dǎo)別人的話時，被報(bào)導(dǎo)的部分稱為間接引語（indirect speech），也可稱作引語結(jié)構(gòu)（report structure）。Mary said she had already seen the film.He replied that he was going by train.這時被引用部分常常是引用動詞的賓語。除了say, reply這類詞外，還有很多動詞可跟這種從句。He felt he had to do something.She guessed that he had gone to town.He thought she was worried.He explained that the train wasnt running.本模塊我們主要學(xué)習(xí)的是陳述句的轉(zhuǎn)換。直接引語是陳述句時，若變成間接引語，結(jié)構(gòu)上實(shí)際上是將原先的單獨(dú)一個句子變成一個賓語從句。如He said, “I can speak English.”這句話變成間接引語則是：He said that he could speak English. 原先的單獨(dú)一句I can speak English變成了that he could speak English作said的賓語了。直接引語是陳述句變成間接引語時，存在引導(dǎo)從句的連接詞問題。事實(shí)上，直接引語是陳述句時，變成間接引語后的連接詞常是that, 而且這個連詞that?？梢允∪?。需要注意的還有以下幾個方面：1在引述動詞為過去時的時候，注意間接引語在時態(tài)方面的變化：在直接引語中在間接引語中動詞時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成時一般過去時過去完成時一般將來時一般過去時（注意：若直接引語中的內(nèi)容是客觀真理，直接引語變成間接引語時則無需變化）過去進(jìn)行時過去完成時過去完成時（一般過去時）過去完成時過去將來時e.g.Henry said,“I dont want to stay here.”Henry said that he didnt want to stay there. He will say,“The girl was lazy.”He will say (tell you) that the girl was lazy. “The moon goes round the earth,”Miss Baker said in class.Miss Baker said in class that the moon goes round the earth. 2在人稱方面存在人稱的變化，變化規(guī)律常常是：（1）直接引語中的第一人稱常跟主句的主語一致。e.g.He said,“I have finished my homework.”He said（that）he had finished his homework. （2）直接引語中的第二人稱常常依主句中位于動詞后面的談話對象而定，若后面沒有談話對象，則常變?yōu)榈谝蝗朔Q。e.g.Tom said,“You must finish your homework today.”Tom said I had to finish my homework that day. （3）直接引語中的第三人稱變?yōu)殚g接引語時, 常不變。e.g.He said, “She is tired.”He said she was tired. 3在指示代詞、時間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語及個別動詞方面，都有這樣一個變化規(guī)律：這變那，過去變以前；來變?nèi)ィ魈熳優(yōu)榈诙??！斑@變那”指的是thisthat; thesethose; nowthen; todaythat day; herethere“過去變以前”指的是yesterdaythe day before; last nightthe night before; agobefore“來變?nèi)ァ敝傅氖莄omego“明天變?yōu)榈诙臁敝傅氖莟omorrowthe nextfollowing day以上改變大致可用下表表示：在直接引語中在間接引語中指示代詞this (place)these (places)that (place)those (places)時間狀語nowtoday, tonightthis week (month, etc)yesterdaylast week (month)two days (a year, etc) agotomorrownext week (month, etc.)thenthat day, that nightthat week (month, etc.)the day before, the previous daythe week (month, etc.) beforetwo days ( a year, etc.) before (earlier)the next (following ) daythe next (following) week (month, etc.)表地點(diǎn)的詞here there動詞come, bring go, take動詞時態(tài)（引述動詞為過去時） 一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成時一般過去時過去完成時一般將來時一般過去時過去進(jìn)行時過去完成時過去完成時（一般過去時）過去完成時過去將來時直接引語為陳述句，變成間接引語的“順口溜”是：去掉引號加that，人稱變化要靈活，時態(tài)向后退一步，狀語變化按規(guī)定。 窗體頂端單項(xiàng)選擇：1He often says“I shall tell you about them.” He often tells me that _ will tell _ about _.AI you themBhe me themChe you us DI me you 2You must say to her,“I depend on you and him.”You must tell her that _ depend on _ and _.AI you him Bshe you meCyou her him Dyou me him 3I shall tell him,“I have written to you and her twice.”I shall tell him that _ have written to _ and _ twice.AI him her Byou him herCI you me Dyou me her 4Jack said to me,“You look worried today.”Jack told me that _ worried _.Ahe looks today Byou look todayCwe looked that day DI looked that day 5We said to her,“Theyre walking through the street now.”We told her that _ through the street _.Awe were walking then Byou are walking nowCthey were walking then Dthey walking now 6Mr. Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.”Mr. Black said that _ a long way _AI had walked last weekBhe had walked that week CI walked last week Dhe has walked this week 7Mrs. Johnson said,“I drew the picture last week.”Mrs. Johnson said that _ the picture _.Ashe drew the week beforeBI had drawn that week Cshe had drawn the week beforeDI drew the last week 8You said to me,“I had thought it over before you asked.”You told me that you _ it over before _.Ahad thought I asked Bhad thought you had asked Chad had thought I askedDthought you had asked 9The man thought,“I shall take it back tomorrow.”The man thought that _ take it back _.AI shall tomorrow BI shall the next day Che should tomorrow Dhe would the next day 10All the clerks went home _ Mr. Wang, for he had to finish his work. AexceptBbesidesCwithout Dbeside11She is planning on driving. Lets help her _ some good ideas. Acome outBcome upCcatch up with Dcome up with 12Health is very important to us. We should eat more vegetables and fruit instead of _ rich food. Atoo muchBmuch tooCvery much Dtoo many13I dont know _ on a trip to Canada. Aif he goesBwhen will he goCif hell goDwhen he goes 14Ill go to the West Lake this weekend. What about you? _. Lets go together. ANo, I wontBI wont goCMe, too DSorry, Im busy15Dont make me _ this or that. Im too busy! Ato do BdoCdoing Ddone 窗體底端一、根據(jù)句意或首字母完成單詞。1They are generous (大方的) a they are poor.2People f their oppressors to win the freedom at last.3The boy were still a until the midnight.4Zhang Ziyi acts well in the film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and makes her c vivid and life-like.5They are making c on todays news.6He never tells lies, so I think what he said is b.7A speak louder than words.8She has r dreams about becoming a famous actress.9Whats your o about this motion (提議)?10New York is a the largest cities in the world.二、將所給的直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語。1He said, “Its a fine day