（安徽卷）高中英語 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions綜合檢測 新人教版選修8.doc

inventors and inventions(時間：100分鐘；滿分：120分).單項填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)1(2013周口高二調(diào)研)what was it that_her from her classmates?her excellent spoken english.aarousedbdifferedcdisagreed ddistinguished2they_finding a solution to prevent the oil from polluting the ocean environment.theyll make a difference.aset up bset aboutcset out dset off3he is such a(n)_person that all of us can believe in him.aunbelievable bvaluablecstable duncomfortable4because of being scolded，the son_left home without saying anything，which made his parents anxious.aabruptly bmerelycshortly dapparently5(2013承德高二檢測)a healthy life is frequently thought to be _with the open countryside and homegrown food.aassociated bboundcrelated dtied6(2012四川高考)before driving into the city，you are required to get your car _.awashed bwashcwashing dto wash7he couldnt_being bothered by the loud noise，so he quit.aignore bconquercbear dsuffer8(2012山東高考)after completing and signing it，please return the form to us in the envelope _.aproviding bprovidedchaving provided dprovide9hardly had the soldier suddenly seen the girl fall into the river when he_into the river to help her out.alookedbturned cburstddived10the boss said we had only three days to finish the work.dont worry.we have already_two thirds of it.agot down bgot throughcgiven in dgiven away11the pilot told us that everything was ok. only then_ how dangerous the situation had been. ai realized bi had realized cdid i realize dhave i realized12at the concert the singers will _ everyone to protect the environment. acall up bcall for ccall off dcall on13(2013東營高二質(zhì)檢)out of _ for the homeless，he gave them some food and clothing. apitybshame cmercydfriendship14id better _ now.the water is boiling in the kitchen.goodbye.aring off bring upchold on dring back15come and see me whenever _.ayou are convenientbyou will be convenientcit is convenient to youdit will be convenient to you.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)i was only 19 when i learned that my father was dying of a rare disease.the doctors didnt know what had caused his disease，nor did they know how to _16_ it.i did much thinking in those last few months _17_ my father died.dad meant more to me than _18_ else in the world.i remember sitting in the hospitals waiting room in the last daysa thousand _19_ coming into my mind：why is he dying? why havent i been closer to him? why havent i _20_ more time with him？why?i had no time to really get to know my dad.i loved him so much，but i hadnt told him that in years because i was too _21_ with my work.now，more than anything，i wanted to tell dad how i was _22_，and i wasnt even sure whether he would _23_ i was there.i walked into the room.dad was very _24_.he was breathing hard，but very little oxygen was getting into his bloodstream.he hadnt _25_ to us in days.to my _26_，when i came in，he looked up and _27_ me.“hello，son，”he said gently.“hi，dad”，i replied in joy.now was my _28_，but i couldnt get the words “i love you” out of my _29_.they stayed locked inside until i was about to explode.why couldnt i get them out？but _30_，i said，“i love you，dad.”after all that，the words seemed so _31_ to say as they softly left my lips.those little words meant so much.he _32_ them and understood.“i love you too，son，”he _33_ as he touched my hand.that _34_ felt so good. he died just a few hours later.there were a million things i wished i had said to him and done with him._35_，i had told him that i loved him.16a.judgebsurvivectreatddescribe17a.though bbefore cas dif18. asomeonebanyonecsomething dnothing19a.feelings bthoughtscdecisions dimpressions20a.saved bexpectedclost dspent21. abusy bexcitedchappy dyoung22a.feeling blisteningcmissing dexperiencing23a.admit bknowcthink dhope24a.independent bstrictcweak dserious25a.responded bcomecwritten dshouted26a.regret bsorrowcsurprise ddisappointment27a.invited brecognizedcguided dintroduced28a.turn bdutycattitude dchance29a.control bmindcsight dmouth30a.finally bshortlycluckily dgradually31a.funny beasycproud dstrange32a.touched bguessedcheard dmissed33a.whispered bapologizedcannounced dinformed34a.beliefbmoment cchoicedevent35a.in fact bat timescin short dat least.閱讀理解(共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分)asteven spielbergs 2002 sciencefiction thriller minority report produced a world where computers could read minds and predict the future.it seemed fanciful at the time，but fantasy is edging closer to fact.on jan. 31，a team of scientists at the uc berkeley，led by robert knight programmed computers to decode(解碼) brain waves and replay them as words.five months earlier，another group of berkeley scientists showed their colleagues short movies and used computers to play back in color what people saw.these experiments are a big advance from 2006，when a french scientist first replayed images from a human mind，a blackandwhite checkerboard pattern. the possibilities are great：a disabled person could “speak”；doctors could access the mind of a patient who fainted；you could rewatch your dreams on an ipad.there are，of course，equally dark side，such as the involuntary take out of information from the brain.in spite of these breakthroughs，jack gallant，the neuroscientist who led the first berkeley team，says current technology for decoding brain activity is still “relatively primitive”the field is held back by its poor machinery，in particular the fmri.“eventually，says gallant，someone will invent a decoding machine you can wear as a hat.”such an advance into the human mind, he says，might take 30 years.still，the recent advances at berkeley offer small answers，which scientists can use to begin unlocking the secrets of memory and consciousness.36. what is the best title for the passage?anew technology can read your mindbfantasy is edging closer to factca new discovery in human braindthe intelligent computers in the future37what did scientists at the uc berkeley do?athey produced a fanciful world.bthey made computers jump forward like a human.cthey managed to translate brain waves into language.dthey used computers to make short movies.38which of the following is impossible for the research?ait can help a disabled man recover his ability of speech.bdoctors can read a patients mind even if he is unconscious.cpeople will know what happens in their dreams.dpeoples thoughts may be given away.39it can be inferred from the passage that _.ascientists got the inspiration from a moviebthe technology still has a long way to gocthe technology has been put into practicedscientists have unlocked the secrets of memorybthe science of physics today is as current as the morning newspaper.indeed，as a result of new advances in physics and their rapid application to inventions designed to satisfy mans wants，the world itself has been changing rapidly.space technology，industrial technology，and the technology of the home，the farm，the office，the bank，and the department store have all been revolutionized.clearly，every grownup today would understand the world he lives in much better if he knew something about physics.whether it is congress voting huge sums of money for new warships，space exploration，or atomic energy；the office staff learning to use a new computer；son bobby wanting to know about going to the moon；or the housewife learning to operate a new electric stove，physics seems to be everywhere.teachers in thousands of schoolrooms in america are trying to communicate some of the excitement and importance of these new developments to their eager students.they know that some of their eager students will someday be scientists and will then contribute themselves to the development of new knowledge or its application to new things.but in any case，they can be sure that if they bring a knowledge of science (any science) to their students in meaningful and stimulating ways，they have contributed much to helping each one live a more meaningful life.40the application of new advances in physics to inventions_.ais intended to meet peoples needsbmay solve all the problems in teachingcmakes people understand the voting rules of the congressdcan help people understand the meaning of life41the underlined word “themselves” in paragraph 3 refers to_.asome of the eager studentsbthe students in the classroomcthe teachers giving lessonsdall the scientists in physics42the first two paragraphs of the passage mainly tell us about_.anew advances in physicsbmodern developments in sciencecthe use of physics in our lifedthe science of physics43which of the following can be the best title of this passage?aphysics and teachingbphysics and inventionscphysics and lifedphysics and newspaperscit is a sad fact of life that only one or two percent of invented items make money for their inventors.the author of this book believes this could be increased to ten percent if inventors were provided with and used the information available now.most inventors do not have the qualities needed for creating successful businesses.thomas edison is a classic example.though a brilliant inventor，he often failed when he tried to commercialize(利用牟利)his inventions.a frequent mistake is that they didnt do basic market research at an early stage.they have spent much money on patenting and tooling，only to learn that the idea has already been patented！without giving away details of his invention，an inventor can make a simple check using local library directories. a simple computer check may show incredible sources of information related to his item.as children we were told that emerson had said，“if you build a better mousetrap，the world will beat a path to your door.”so many inventors think that they can sit back and wait for customers to arrive.he who thinks，in this day and age，that a product will sell itself is out of touch with the real world.inventors often fail to realize that manufacturing costs are often only a small percent of the retail price(零售價)the author also devotes an entire chapter to “ten ways to invention suicide”this chapter analyzes ten common ways in which inventors end their inventions future.he talks about the “paranoid inventor” who cannot bring himself to trust anyone，“the omnipotent inventor” who thinks that without any resources he can take on an entire industry，and the “greedy inventor” who wants it all for himself.the book concludes that if the inventor thinks that there is some magic formula for the commercialization of his invention，his invention will probably end up among the 98 percent that fail.however，if the inventor makes an honest effort to understand the process of new product development，he can succeed.44what are paragraphs 25 mainly about?atips on how to become an inventor.bthe qualities of a good inventor.cthe similarities between inventors all around the world.dreasons why inventors fail to make money from their inventions.45what mistakes do inventors often make?anot doing basic market research beforehandbexpecting products to sell themselvescknowing little about businessdnot caring about costsaabcbacd cabdcd46.according to paragraph 6，the “paranoid inventor” _.adoesnt rely on any resourcesbhas difficulty in believing otherscis greedy and wants all the profitsdis more likely to make money from his invention47. where can we most probably read the passage?ain a book review.bin a research report.cin an interview with inventordin a news report.d(2013山東高考改編)you cant always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella.but designer mikhail belyaev doesnt think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet.thats why he created lampbrella，a lamp post with its own rainsensing umbrella.the designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in russia.“once，i was driving on a central saint petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain.i thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy(傘篷) built into a street lamp，” he said.the lampbrella is a standardlooking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy.it has a builtin electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand.sensors (傳感器) then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.in addition to the rain sensor，theres also a 360 motion sensor on the fiberglass street lamp which detects whether anyone is using the lampbrella.after three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed.according to the designer，the lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed，so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians.besides，it would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike.each lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people.being installed (安裝) at 2 metres off the ground，it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians.while there are no plans to take the lampbrella into production，belyaev says he recently introduced his creation to one moscow department，and insists his creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.48for what purpose did belyaev create the lampbrella?ato predict a heavy rain.bto check the weather forecast.cto protect people from the rain.dto remind people to take an umbrella.49which of the following shows how the lampbrella works?amotorcanopysensorsbsensorsmotorcanopycmotorsensorscanopydcanopymotorsensors50what does paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the lampbrella?aits moving speed. bits appearance.cits installation. dits safety.51what can be inferred from the last paragraph?athe designer will open a company to promote his product.bthe lampbrella could be put into immediate production.cthe designer is confident that his creation is practical.dthe lampbrella would be put on show in moscow.e(2013安徽高考)using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger，but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways.you may wonder how paving(鋪砌) a road can lead to less useable fresh water.a major part of the water we use every day is groundwater.groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers.it comes from underground.the more roads and parking lots we pave，the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.human activity is not responsible for all water shortages (短缺)drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts (干旱) than areas with more rainfall，but in any case，good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs.thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference，too.in the united states，a family of four can use 1.5 tons of water a day! this shows how much we depend on water to live，but theres a lot we can do to lower the number.you can take steps to save water in your home.to start with，use the same glass for your drinking water all day.wash it only once a day.run your dishwasher (洗碗機) only when it is full.help your parents fix any leaks in your home.you can even help to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away.52which of the following is most likely to lead to less groundwater?ausing river water.bthrowing batteries away.cpaving parking lots.dthrowing rubbish into lakes.53what can be inferred from the text?aall water shortages are due to human behavior.bit takes a lot of effort to meet our water needs.cthere is much we can do to reduce family size.dthe average family in america makes proper use of water.54the last paragraph is intended to _.ashow us how to fix leaks at homebtell us how to run a dishwashercprove what drinking glass is best for usdsuggest what we do to save water at home55the text is mainly about _.awhy paving roads reduces our waterbhow much we depend on water to livecwhy droughts occur more in dry climatesdhow human activity affects our water supply.任務(wù)型讀寫(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)clean air is only made up of nutrition，oxygen and water.our country has been industrialized；our cities have grown and traffic has increased.for these reasons there has come an increase in the number of byproducts released into the air，such as particles from burning fuels and poisonous gases from chemical reactions.these gases become pollutants. air pollution has a bad effect on the earth and our environment.air pollution can result in acid rain，and it can also lead to the greenhouse effecta condition in which pollution stops radiation from traveling out of the earths atmosphere.due to the greenhouse effect，the temperature on the earth becomes warmer，w