從屬連詞 狀語從1.doc

從屬連詞 狀語從句一、重點知識歸納及講解（一）從屬連詞 從屬連詞是引導狀語從句，賓語從句及其他從句的連詞。 1引導狀語從句的從屬連詞有： 1）when, while, before, after, as soon as, until, since等，引導時間狀語從句。 2）because, as, since等引導原因狀語從句。 3）if, as long as等引導條件狀語從句。 4）though, although引導讓步狀語從句。 5）sothat, suchthat等引導結(jié)果狀語從句。 6）so that引導目的狀語從句。 7）asas；than等引導比較狀語從句。 2常用從屬連詞的辨析 1）when, as, while when, as, while都表示“當?shù)臅r候”，但when引導的時間狀語從句的動作和主句的動作可以是同時發(fā)生，也可以先后發(fā)生，when既可指時間點，也可指一段時間，所以既可引導一短暫動作動詞，也可引導持續(xù)性動作的動詞。 用as作從屬連詞引導時間狀語時強調(diào)主句和從句的動作并行發(fā)生，不指先后，尤指短動作或事件同時發(fā)生。如：As I looked, someone came near.（正當我看的時候，有個人走上前來。）as還可說咱兩種正發(fā)展或變化的情況，意為“隨著”。如：As spring warms the earth, all flowers begin to bloom.（隨著春回大地，百花開始綻放。）表示主從句動作同時，as意為“一邊一邊”。如：He hurried home, looking behind as he went.（他匆匆忙忙跑回家，一邊走一邊回頭望。） while只指一段時間，從句中的謂語動詞不能用終止性動詞，強調(diào)某一段時間內(nèi)主從句動作同時發(fā)生，常對同類的動作進行對比。如：While we were waiting for a bus, it was raining hearily.（我們在等車時，天正下著大雨。） 2）till和until till和until都表示“直到為止”。主句用延續(xù)性動詞，主句和從句都用肯定式：意為“直到才”。主句用終止性動詞，從句用肯定式，主句用否定式。until較till正式，until引導的時間從句可以放在句首。 例如： She wont go away till you promise to help her. 直到你允諾要幫助她，她才走開。 Until you told me, I had heard of nothing what happened. 直到你告訴我，我才知道發(fā)生了什么事。 3）since since引導的時間狀語從句常用一般過去時，其主句一般使用現(xiàn)在完成時。 例如：Jim has been in the factory for two years since he left school. 從吉姆畢業(yè)起，他在這家工廠工作兩年了。 （二）狀語從句 修飾主句中的謂語動詞，形容詞或副詞等的從句叫狀語從句。 例如： He didnt go to school yesterday because he was ill.（修飾動詞go） 昨天他沒去上學，因為他病了。 We must study so well as our teacher hoped.（修飾副詞well） 我們應(yīng)該學得你我們老師希望的那么好。 Lucy is younger than Jim(is)。（修飾形容詞younger） 露茜比吉姆年輕。 狀語從句的語序應(yīng)是主語+謂語+其他成分，即陳述句的語序。 狀語從句的位置，可以放在主句前面或后面，但是若放在主句前面，要用逗號與主句分開；主句若是疑問句，那么時間狀語從句只能放在主句的前面。 1）時間狀語從句 時間狀語從句由when, while, after, before, since, as soon as, till, until等連詞引導。 例如： I went to bed after the TV play was ever. 電視劇完了以后我上床睡覺。 Could you look after her while were away? 我們不在時你能照顧她嗎？ She has taught in this school since she came to this city in 1989. 自從一九八九年她來到這座城市以來一直在這所學校教書。 Wait until I come back. 請你等到我回來。 注意： 如主句是一般將來時，則表示將來的時間狀語只用一般現(xiàn)在時。 例如： Ill write to you as soon as I get to Beijing. 我一到北京就將寫信給你。 It will get warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天來臨時，天氣將變得越來越暖和。 2）原因狀語從句 原因狀語從句由because, as, since等連詞引導。 例如： He sold the car because it was too small. 他賣掉那輛小汽車，因為它太小了。 Since you wont help me, I must do the job myself. 你既然不幫我忙，我必須自己做這項工作。 As my mother is away at this moment, I have to look after my younger sister. 由于我的媽媽現(xiàn)在不在，我不得不照顧我的妹妹。 注意： a）because, as, since, for的用法辨析 because, as, since, for都是表示各種理由的連詞，但because多表示所敘述的理由是本句的重點，故because所引導的從句常放在句末。 例如： Why was he absent? Because he was badly ill. 他為什么缺度？因為他病得很重。 as, since用于表示理由是已知，而理由以外才是敘述的重點，兩者皆多用于句首，但要注意since重形式，as多表示理由以外的才是重點。 例如： As it is raining, lets stay as home. 因為下雨，我們就留在家里吧。 Since you have no license, you are not allowed to drive. 因為你沒有駕駛執(zhí)照，所以你不可以開車。 for不用于句首，而用于主句之后，補充說明理由；主句表推測時，用for說明原因。 例如： Ill follow his advice, for he is a doctor. 我會聽從他的勸告，因為他是醫(yī)生。 b）because of也是表示原因狀語，但后面只能跟短語。 例如： I stayed at home because of the bad weather. 因為天氣不好我留在家里。 3）比較狀語從句 比較狀語從句由than或as來引導。 例如： I feel better now than (I was) before. 我現(xiàn)在覺得比以前好了。 He writes as well as you (do). 他寫得和你一樣好。 This problem is more difficult than that one (is). 這道題比那道題難。 4）條件狀語從句 條件狀語從句由if, unless（= if not）算連詞引導。條件從句中的動詞多用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。 例如： I shall go if he asks me. 如果他請我，我就去。 I shant go unless he asks me. 除非他請我，否則我是不去的。 I shall go, whether he asks me or not. 不管他請不請我，我都要去。 Come with me if you have time. 如果你有時間請跟我來。 I want to watch a basketball match if Im well tonight. 如果今晚我好了的話，我要看一場籃球賽。 由and連接的簡單句，可以用條件狀語從句來改寫。 例如： Run faster and youll catch up with him. 跑快點兒你就會趕上他。 =If you run faster, youll catch up with him. 如果你跑得快點，你就會趕上他。 5）結(jié)果狀語從句 結(jié)果狀語從句由so that, so that引導。 例如： He has lost his bike so that he cant come to school on time.（結(jié)果狀語） 他去了自行車，所以不能準時到校。 Your shirt were so dirty that you must wash it.（結(jié)果狀語） 你的襯衣這么臟，你應(yīng)該把它洗洗。 注意： 由sothat引導的狀語從句若是表示否定意思，可以用tooto（太而不能）來替換。 例如： She was so angry that she could not say a word. =She was too angry to say a word. 她氣得說不出話來。 6）讓步狀語從句 讓步狀語從句一般用though（雖然）、although（雖然）、even though（即使）引導。 例如： Though/Although he tried hard, he was not successful. 他雖然努力嘗試，但沒有成功。 He went on working though it was very late. 雖然很晚了，他還在繼續(xù)工作。 注意： 1漢語中的“雖然但是”在英語中用連詞though就可以了，或單獨使用but連接兩個并列句也可以，但不能在一個句子中同時用這兩個連詞（主句前不用連詞）。 例如： “雖然我很喜歡照顧我姐姐的嬰兒，但她不讓我干”。這個句子我們可以用下面兩種方法來表達。 Though I like looking after my sisters baby, she doesnt let me do it. I like looking after my sisters baby, but she doesnt let me do it. =though可以與yet連用，這里yet雖然意思與but相同，但yet不是連詞，而是副詞。 例如：Though it was cold, yet he went out without a coat. 雖然很冷，但他沒穿外衣就出去了。 二、隨堂監(jiān)測A組 I. 用when, before, after, until, as soon as, if, as, because, though, than, since, sothat填空: 1. I havent heard from him _ he left home. 2. He was _ tired _ he couldnt go on working. 3. I was cooking _ she knocked at the door. 4. He didnt go to bed _ he finished his homework. 5. The soldiers set off to the front _ they received the officers order. 6. She went to bed _ the TV play was over. 7. I wont believe it _ I hear with my own ears. 8. We should strike _ the iron is hot. 9. Take the medicine _ you go to bed. 10. They couldnt send their children to school _ life was very hard in those days. 11. _ this method doesnt work, lets try another. 12. Were leaving for Shenzhen _ it is fine today. 13. I knew nothing about it _ he told me. 14. The singer was _ pleased _ he couldnt say a word. 15. Please work harder _ all of you can pass the final exam. 16. Army and people are as inseparable (不可分的) _ fish and water. 17. The harvest of this year is much better _ that of last year. 18. _ the story is short and there are no new words in it, it is difficult to understand. II. 用適當?shù)倪B詞完成改寫后的句子,使其與第一個句子意思相同或相近: 1. We cant finish the work in time without your help. We cant finish the work in time _ you dont help me. 2. Now shop blowing, and the glass will be clear again. _ you now stop blowing, the glass will be clear again. 3. If we dont hurry, well be late for the film. Lets hurry, _ well be late for the film. 4. The girl is too you從屬連詞 狀語從句一、重點知識歸納及講解（一）從屬連詞 從屬連詞是引導狀語從句，賓語從句及其他從句的連詞。 1引導狀語從句的從屬連詞有： 1）when, while, before, after, as soon as, until, since等，引導時間狀語從句。 2）because, as, since等引導原因狀語從句。 3）if, as long as等引導條件狀語從句。 4）though, although引導讓步狀語從句。 5）sothat, suchthat等引導結(jié)果狀語從句。 6）so that引導目的狀語從句。 7）asas；than等引導比較狀語從句。 2常用從屬連詞的辨析 1）when, as, while when, as, while都表示“當?shù)臅r候”，但when引導的時間狀語從句的動作和主句的動作可以是同時發(fā)生，也可以先后發(fā)生，when既可指時間點，也可指一段時間，所以既可引導一短暫動作動詞，也可引導持續(xù)性動作的動詞。 用as作從屬連詞引導時間狀語時強調(diào)主句和從句的動作并行發(fā)生，不指先后，尤指短動作或事件同時發(fā)生。如：As I looked, someone came near.（正當我看的時候，有個人走上前來。）as還可說咱兩種正發(fā)展或變化的情況，意為“隨著”。如：As spring warms the earth, all flowers begin to bloom.（隨著春回大地，百花開始綻放。）表示主從句動作同時，as意為“一邊一邊”。如：He hurried home, looking behind as he went.（他匆匆忙忙跑回家，一邊走一邊回頭望。） while只指一段時間，從句中的謂語動詞不能用終止性動詞，強調(diào)某一段時間內(nèi)主從句動作同時發(fā)生，常對同類的動作進行對比。如：While we were waiting for a bus, it was raining hearily.（我們在等車時，天正下著大雨。） 2）till和until till和until都表示“直到為止”。主句用延續(xù)性動詞，主句和從句都用肯定式：意為“直到才”。主句用終止性動詞，從句用肯定式，主句用否定式。until較till正式，until引導的時間從句可以放在句首。 例如： She wont go away till you promise to help her. 直到你允諾要幫助她，她才走開。 Until you told me, I had heard of nothing what happened. 直到你告訴我，我才知道發(fā)生了什么事。 3）since since引導的時間狀語從句常用一般過去時，其主句一般使用現(xiàn)在完成時。 例如：Jim has been in the factory for two years since he left school. 從吉姆畢業(yè)起，他在這家工廠工作兩年了。 （二）狀語從句 修飾主句中的謂語動詞，形容詞或副詞等的從句叫狀語從句。 例如： He didnt go to school yesterday because he was ill.（修飾動詞go） 昨天他沒去上學，因為他病了。 We must study so well as our teacher hoped.（修飾副詞well） 我們應(yīng)該學得你我們老師希望的那么好。 Lucy is younger than Jim(is)。（修飾形容詞younger） 露茜比吉姆年輕。 狀語從句的語序應(yīng)是主語+謂語+其他成分，即陳述句的語序。 狀語從句的位置，可以放在主句前面或后面，但是若放在主句前面，要用逗號與主句分開；主句若是疑問句，那么時間狀語從句只能放在主句的前面。 1）時間狀語從句 時間狀語從句由when, while, after, before, since, as soon as, till, until等連詞引導。 例如： I went to bed after the TV play was ever. 電視劇完了以后我上床睡覺。 Could you look after her while were away? 我們不在時你能照顧她嗎？ She has taught in this school since she came to this city in 1989. 自從一九八九年她來到這座城市以來一直在這所學校教書。 Wait until I come back. 請你等到我回來。 注意： 如主句是一般將來時，則表示將來的時間狀語只用一般現(xiàn)在時。 例如： Ill write to you as soon as I get to Beijing. 我一到北京就將寫信給你。 It will get warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天來臨時，天氣將變得越來越暖和。 2）原因狀語從句 原因狀語從句由because, as, since等連詞引導。 例如： He sold the car because it was too small. 他賣掉那輛小汽車，因為它太小了。 Since you wont help me, I must do the job myself. 你既然不幫我忙，我必須自己做這項工作。 As my mother is away at this moment, I have to look after my younger sister. 由于我的媽媽現(xiàn)在不在，我不得不照顧我的妹妹。 注意： a）because, as, since, for的用法辨析 because, as, since, for都是表示各種理由的連詞，但because多表示所敘述的理由是本句的重點，故because所引導的從句常放在句末。 例如： Why was he absent? Because he was badly ill. 他為什么缺度？因為他病得很重。 as, since用于表示理由是已知，而理由以外才是敘述的重點，兩者皆多用于句首，但要注意since重形式，as多表示理由以外的才是重點。 例如： As it is raining, lets stay as home. 因為下雨，我們就留在家里吧。 Since you have no license, you are not allowed to drive. 因為你沒有駕駛執(zhí)照，所以你不可以開車。 for不用于句首，而用于主句之后，補充說明理由；主句表推測時，用for說明原因。 例如： Ill follow his advice, for he is a doctor. 我會聽從他的勸告，因為他是醫(yī)生。 b）because of也是表示原因狀語，但后面只能跟短語。 例如： I stayed at home because of the bad weather. 因為天氣不好我留在家里。 3）比較狀語從句 比較狀語從句由than或as來引導。 例如： I feel better now than (I was) before. 我現(xiàn)在覺得比以前好了。 He writes as well as you (do). 他寫得和你一樣好。 This problem is more difficult than that one (is). 這道題比那道題難。 4）條件狀語從句 條件狀語從句由if, unless（= if not）算連詞引導。條件從句中的動詞多用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。 例如： I shall go if he asks me. 如果他請我，我就去。 I shant go unless he asks me. 除非他請我，否則我是不去的。 I shall go, whether he asks me or not. 不管他請不請我，我都要去。 Come with me if you have time. 如果你有時間請跟我來。 I want to watch a basketball match if Im well tonight. 如果今晚我好了的話，我要看一場籃球賽。 由and連接的簡單句，可以用條件狀語從句來改寫。 例如： Run faster and youll catch up with him. 跑快點兒你就會趕上他。 =If you run faster, youll catch up with him. 如果你跑得快點，你就會趕上他。 5）結(jié)果狀語從句 結(jié)果狀語從句由so that, so that引導。 例如： He has lost his bike so that he cant come to school on time.（結(jié)果狀語） 他去了自行車，所以不能準時到校。 Your shirt were so dirty that you must wash it.（結(jié)果狀語） 你的襯衣這么臟，你應(yīng)該把它洗洗。 注意： 由sothat引導的狀語從句若是表示否定意思，可以用tooto（太而不能）來替換。 例如： She was so angry that she could not say a word. =She was too angry to say a word. 她氣得說不出話來。 6）讓步狀語從句 讓步狀語從句一般用though（雖然）、although（雖然）、even though（即使）引導。 例如： Though/Although he tried hard, he was not successful. 他雖然努力嘗試，但沒有成功。 He went on working though it was very late. 雖然很晚了，他還在繼續(xù)工作。 注意： 1漢語中的“雖然但是”在英語中用連詞though就可以了，或單獨使用but連接兩個并列句也可以，但不能在一個句子中同時用這兩個連詞（主句前不用連詞）。 例如： “雖然我很喜歡照顧我姐姐的嬰兒，但她不讓我干”。這個句子我們可以用下面兩種方法來表達。 Though I like looking after my sisters baby, she doesnt let me do it. I like looking after my sisters baby, but she doesnt let me do it. =though可以與yet連用，這里yet雖然意思與but相同，但yet不是連詞，而是副詞。 例如：Though it was cold, yet he went out without a coat. 雖然很冷，但他沒穿外衣就出去了。 二、隨堂監(jiān)測A組 I. 用when, before, after, until, as soon as, if, as, because, though, than, since, sothat填空: 1. I havent heard from him _ he left home. 2. He was _ tired _ he couldnt go on working. 3. I was cooking _ she knocked at the door. 4. He didnt go to bed _ he finished his homework. 5. The soldiers set off to the front _ they received the officers order. 6. She went to bed _ the TV play was over. 7. I wont believe it _ I hear with my own ears. 8. We should strike _ the iron is hot. 9. Take the medicine _ you go to bed. 10. They couldnt send their children to school _ life was very hard in those days. 11. _ this method doesnt work, lets try another. 12. Were leaving for Shenzhen _ it is fine today. 13. I knew nothing about it _ he told me. 14. The singer was _ pleased _ he couldnt say a word. 15. Please work harder _ all of you can pass the final exam. 16. Army and people are as inseparable (不可分的) _ fish and water. 17. The harvest of this year is much better _ that of last year. 18. _ the story is short and there are no new words in it, it is difficult to understand. II. 用適當?shù)倪B詞完成改寫后的句子,使其與第一個句子意思相同或相近: 1. We cant finish the work in time without your help. We cant finish the work in time _ you dont help me. 2. Now shop blowing, and the glass will be clear again. _ you now stop blowing, the glass will be clear again. 3. If we dont hurry, well be late for the film. Lets hurry, _ well be late for the film. 4. The girl is too young to go to school. The girl is _ young _ she cant go to school. 5. Jenny got up even earlier the next morning in order to get to school on time. Jenny got up even earlier the next morning _ she could get to school on time. 6. Jack hasnt seen the new film. I havent seen it, either. _ Jack _ I have seen the new film. 7. Wei Hua is a League member. Han Meimei is a League member, too. _ Wei Hua _ Han Meimei are League members. 8. The little boy speaks English very well. He speaks Russian very well, too. The little boy speaks _ English _ Russian very well. 9. Xiao Ming was born in 1988. Wang Lin was born in 1988, too. Xiao Ming is just as old _ Wang Lin. 10. Miss Gao is very kind. All the students like her. Miss Gao is _ kind _ all the students like her. 三、隨堂監(jiān)測B組 III. 單項選擇: 1. We were getting ready to go out _ it began to rain. A. where B. when C. since D. if 2. We love spring _ therere beautiful flowers everywhere. A. but B. if C. though D. because 3. The work was _ difficult _ it took us quite a long time to do it. A. such, that B. so, that C. too, that D. too, to 4. Ill tell him to give you a call _ he comes back. A. because B. since C. as soon as D. but 5. - Why did Li Lei use a pencil? - _ his pen was broken. A. Because B. When C. Until D. If 6. I think Chinese is more popular _ any other subject. A. than B. for C. as D. then 7. What do I have to do _ I want to be thinner? A. if B. because C. since D. for 8. I wont turn off the light _ youve finished reading. A. when B. after C. as soon as D. until 9. Ill study English and other objects _ I can. A. so hard as B. as hard as C. so hardly as D. as hardly as 10. Though it rained heavily, _ were still playing on the playground. A. they B. so they C. but they D. and they 11. You should finish your exercises _ you go to bed. A. after B. before C. because D. if 12. - Are we going to West Hill Farm by bike? - No. By bus, _ it is quite far from here. A. if B. when C. though D. because 13. Mr. Read has taught in that small town _ he left Canada in 1988. A. when B. after C. for D. since 14. Im _ busy getting ready for Christmas _ I have no time to write to you. A. not, until B. too, to C. so, that D. neither, nor 15. Youll do better in English _ you work harder. A. or B. than C. if D. before 16. Tom didnt go to school yesterday _ he was ill. A. but B. until C. if D. because 17. Li Hua _ in the factory since she left school ten years ago. A. works B. worked C. has worked D. had worked 18. - Im going to Hangzhou for a holiday this weekend. - _ you are there, can you buy me some green tea? A. Because B. If C. While D. After 19. What shall we do _ it rains tomorrow? A. so B. if C. but D. because 20. If you _ him tomorrow, please ask him if he _ to work on the farm with us. A. see, goes B. will see, goes C. will see, will go D. see, will go 21. The room is _ dirty _ we dont want to stay here. A. so, that B. such, that C. either, or D. as, as 22. _ hes very young, _ he knows several languages. A. Though, but B. Because, so C. Though, / D. Because, / 23. They will have a sports meeting if it _ tomorrow. A. wont rain B. will rain C. doesnt rain D. rains 24. My parents will go out for an outing with me if they _ free next Sunday. A. will be B. are C. have D. will have 25. We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl. A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew 26. Could you ring me up as soon as he _? A. arrived B. would arrive C. arrives D. will arrive 27. We _ TV when the telephone _. A. watched, was ringing B. were watching, rang C. watch, rings D. are watching, rang 28. Kate _ to bed until her father returned yesterday evening. A. wont go B. doesnt go C. went D. didnt go 29. If the child _, please telephone the police. A. found B. is found C. was foun