山東省濱州市鄒平實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)九年級英語 Unit14《Have you packed yet》現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)課件 人教新目標(biāo)版.ppt

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是由助動(dòng)詞have has 過去分詞構(gòu)成其否定句在have has后加not 一般疑問句把have has提到主語前 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞 規(guī)則變化 和過去時(shí)一樣 不規(guī)則變化 不規(guī)則變化 am is was beenare were beenbegin began begunbreak broke brokendo did donedraw drew drawndrink drank drunkdrive drove driveneat ate eatenfall fell fallenfly flew flownforget forgot forgottengive gave givengo went gonegrow grew grownhide hid hiddenknow knew knownlie lay lainride rode riddenring rang rungshow showed shownsee saw seensing sang sungspeak spoke spokentake took takencome came comerun ran runbecome became become 1 表過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果 例如ihavejustcleanedmyclothes 我剛洗過衣服 洗衣服 是發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作 對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是 衣服干凈了 ihavejusthadmybreakfast 對現(xiàn)在的影響 不餓 通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間副詞just 剛剛 already 已經(jīng) before yet 一般疑問 已經(jīng) 否定句 還 never ever等狀語連用 ihaveneverheardofthatbefore haveyoueverriddenahorse shehasalreadyfinishedthework haveyoumilkedthecowyet yes ihavedonethatalready i vejustfinishedmyhomework hehasnotcomeyet 2 表示過去已經(jīng)開始 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) 也可以表示實(shí)質(zhì)可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) 通常和for 段時(shí)間 since 點(diǎn)時(shí)間 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用 以及sofar bynow thesedays inthelasttenyears等連用 ihavebeenhereforjustovertwoyears hehasworkedheresince1989 從1989年 ihaven tseenherthesedays shehaslearntenglishfor3years since3yearsago theyhavelivedheresince1990 whathashappenedtotheusainthelast350years 注意點(diǎn)一 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的用法比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至?xí)^續(xù)下去或表示過去的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響 一般過去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過去 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)范圍 因此 不能和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用 如 yesterday lastnight twoweeksago等試比較 theplanehasarrived 飛機(jī)已經(jīng)來了 說明現(xiàn)在的情況 飛機(jī)在這兒 theplanearrivedaquarterago 飛機(jī)是一刻中以前來的 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過去 ihavetaughthereforfifteenyears 我在這兒已經(jīng)教了十五年 表示十五年前的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在 還可能會繼續(xù) itaughthereforayear 我過去在這兒教過一年 表示 我 現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這兒任教了 putthefollowingsentencesintoenglish a 火車已經(jīng)開走了 b 什么時(shí)候開走的 a 半個(gè)小時(shí)之前開走的 a 這本書我已經(jīng)買了兩年了 b 你在哪兒買的 a 在我老家買的 a 你看過這部電影嗎 b 看過 a 什么時(shí)候看的 b 上周星期天看的 a thetrainhasleft b whendiditleave a itlefthalfanhourago a haveyouseenthefilm b yes ihave a whendidyouseeit b isawitlastsunday a i vehadthebookfortwoyears b wheredidyoubuyit a iboughtitinmyhometown 注意點(diǎn)二 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)短暫性動(dòng)詞在肯定句 疑問句中不能與時(shí)間段連用 這些動(dòng)詞是 become begin buy borrow arrive come die fall finish gettoknow go join leave marry等 為了表述這種意思 我們常用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞have keep等來代替非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 他入黨五年了 hejoinedthepartyfiveyearsago hehasbeeninthepartyforfiveyears hehasbeenapartymemberforfiveyears itisfiveyearssincehejoinedtheparty電影開始五分鐘了 thefilmbeganfiveminutesago thefilmhasbeenonforfiveminutes itisfiveminutessincethefilmbegan 瞬間動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換 come go be in leave beawayborrow keepbuy havedie bedeadgettoknow knowbegin beongoout beoffgoout beoffarrive behere theremarry getmarried to bemarried to begintowork study live work study leavefallasleep gettosleep beasleepjointheparty beintheparty beamemberof 1 ihaveborrowedthebookfor2weeks 2 thefilmhasbegunfor5minutes abc abc bkept bbeenon 3 這輛自行車我買了兩年了 i ve thebike twoyears 4 heleftnanjingtwoyearsago he nanjingfortwoyears 5 themonkeydiedlastmonth themonkey foramonth 6 a honglong you b twoweeks a did getillb have fallenillc were illd have beenill hadfor hasbeenawayfrom hasbeendead d 注意點(diǎn)三 havebeenin havebeento與havegoneto的用法1 have has beenin表示 在某地 多長時(shí)間 現(xiàn)在仍在那里 常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用 例如 mr brownhasbeeninshanghaiforthreedays 布朗來上海已經(jīng)有三天了 theyhavebeenincanadaforfiveyears 他們到加拿大有五年了 2 have has beento表示 曾經(jīng)去過某地 現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了 可與just ever never等連用 例如 ihavejustbeentothepostoffice 我剛才去郵局了 maryhasneverbeentothegreatwall 瑪麗從未去過長城 haveyoueverbeentohangzhoubefore 你以前曾經(jīng)去過杭州嗎 have has beento后面可接次數(shù) 表示去過某地幾次 例如 theyhavebeentothatvillageseveraltimes 他們?nèi)ミ^那個(gè)村莊好幾次了 3 have has goneto意為 到某地去了 表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中 總之 說話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場 例如 whereistom hehasgonetothebookshop 他到書店去了 jackjohnsonhasgonetolondon 杰克 約翰遜到倫敦去了 練習(xí) 用have has been或have has gone填空a where 1 lifei 1 b he 2 tohainanisland a howlong 3 he 3 there b he 4 thereforthreedays a whenwillhecomeback doyouknow b i mafraidhewon tcomebackrecently a couldyoutellmethewaytohainanisland b sorry i 5 never 5 there a howmanytimes 6 lifei 6 tothatplace b he 7 thereonlyonce 用括號中所給的動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子 1 mary lose herpen you see ithereandthere 2 you find yourwatchyet 3 areyouthirsty no i just have someorange 4 we already return thebook 5 they build anewschoolinthevillage 6 hastomtaughtyouenglish yes he teach usenglishfortwoyears 7 i notfinish myhomeworkyet canyouhelpme 8 what they do withthenewspaper theyhavereadthem 9 thedoorisopen who open it doyouknow sorry idon tknow 10 myfather read thenoveltwice 11 wudong be asoldierforoneyear 12 thestudents study inthemiddleschoolsincelast