2020高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時提能練33Unit3Underthesea新人教版選修7.docx

課時提能練(三十三)Unit 3Under the sea課時作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面.語境語法填空 ALast week Mrs. Brown and her child was driving back home after a 1.tasty (taste) meal in a KFC restaurant when a car bumped into hers. That driver obviously got drunk. She and her child 2.narrowly (narrow) missed being killed in the 3.scary (scare) accident, but the child was badly injured. She was in the 4.depths (deep) of despair those days. This case has 5.sharpened (sharp) the debate over a ban of drunken driving. After days of 6.reflection (reflect) I wrote an article, calling on people to raise the 7.awareness (aware) of risks when driving or walking on the road. I also gave some suggestions, including keeping a phone around in case something 8.urgent (urge) happened.BChristmas is drawing 9.close/near, but my sevenyearold sister seems to be in low spirits. I am aware 10.of the fact that she is in some kind of trouble, but I dont know how I can help her 11.out. Tomorrow, my mother and I plan to do some shopping if the fine weather holds 12.up. My sister will stay home 13.in the meantime, babysitting our smallest brother. Im reflecting 14.on what to do to make her pleased. Perhaps a beautiful doll will be a pleasant surprise to her on Christmas Eve.CThere used to be a small village 15.where the two rivers join. Last winter, a terrible earthquake completely destroyed the village, with dead bodies 16.lying (lie) here and there. It was a time 17.when the survivors had to live with cold and hunger. Food and clothing could 18.have reached (reach) them but there were constant aftershocks(余震), which delayed the rescue work. The survivors, 19.being (be) very hungry, had to eat grassroots that they could find. It was not until five days later that helicopters came and took all of them to another place to settle in.語境短文改錯 根據(jù)P24課文內(nèi)容，對下面材料進(jìn)行修改。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。Im sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflect on the day. It is a day of a pure magic! I went snorkelling on the reef offshore this morning. Seeing so extraordinary beauty, I think every cell in my body woke up. It was like discover a whole new dimension of life. The first thing I became aware was all the vivid colours surrounded me. And the fish didnt seem to mind myself swimming among them. However, there were other creature that I dont want to get too close to. How a tiny spot I was in this enormous world!答案Im sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and on the day. It is a day of pure magic! I went snorkelling on the reef offshore this morning. Seeing extraordinary beauty, I think every cell in my body woke up. It was like a whole new dimension of life. The first thing I became aware was all the vivid colours me. And the fish didnt seem to mind swimming among them. However, there were other that I want to get too close to. a tiny spot I was in this enormous world!.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子1我經(jīng)常懷念我的童年。那是一段幾乎每天都無憂無慮的日子。(It was a time when.)I often miss my childhood. It was a time when I spent almost each day without worries.2當(dāng)他們正打算看他們最喜愛的電影時，他們聽到來自外面的一個奇怪的聲音。(be about to. )When they were about to watch their favorite movie, they heard a strange noise coming from outside.3請記?。耗睦镉袉栴}，哪里就有解決辦法。(where.there be.)Remember that where there is a problem, there is always a solution4每天，學(xué)生們要花三個多小時寫作業(yè)。(it takes sb.時間to do.)It takes the students more than three hours to do their homework every day.5我看見他安全地穿過馬路跑開了。(see . doing)I saw him crossing the road safely and running away.課時作業(yè)B：能力層面.閱讀理解A(2019陜西省部分學(xué)校摸底檢測)Scientists are preparing to launch the worlds first machine to clean up the planets largest mass of ocean plastic.The experts believe the machine should be able to collect half of the detritus in the patchabout 40，000 metric tonswithin five years. In the past few weeks they have been busy welding together giant tubes that will sit on the surface of the sea and form the skeleton of the machine, creating the largest floating barrier ever made.The system, originally dreamt up by Mr. Slat, will be shipped out this summer to the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, between Hawaii and California, which contains estimated 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic. It will be the first ever attempt to tackle the patch since it was discovered in 1997.Mr. Slat was 16 and still at school when he was diving in Greece and first saw for himself the amount of plastic polluting the sea. “There were more bags than fish down there，” he recalls. Two years later he came up with a solution, quit university after six months and set up The Ocean Cleanup as a company. Mr. Slat says the first plastic to arrive on shore will be a major milestone. “We as humanity created this problem, so I think its also our responsibility to help solve it，” he says.The Great Pacific Garbage Patch(GPGP) covers an area of 1.6 million square kilometers and contains at least 79，000 tons of plastic, research found last month. Most of it is made up of “ghost gear” parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropesoften from illegal fishing vessels.Ghost gear kills more than 100，000 whales, dolphins and seals each year, according to scientific surveys. Seabirds and other marine life are increasingly being found dead with stomachs full of small pieces of plastic. Creatures eat plastic discarded in the sea thinking its food but then starve to death because they are not feeding properly. Others are trapped and die of starvation or are strangled or suffocated by ghost gear.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了世界首個海洋垃圾清掃機(jī)的發(fā)明。1What does the underlined word in the second paragraph probably mean?AWaste.BOcean.CSystem.DMachine.A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段畫線詞前的“collect half of”和第四段第一句中的“first saw for himself the amount of plastic polluting the sea”和第五段最后一句中的“parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropesoften from illegal fishing vessels”可推知，畫線詞的意思是“垃圾”。故選A。2Which one makes up most of the garbage in Pacific from the passage?AFishing vessels.BDolphins and seals.CGiant tubes.DAbandoned fishing gear.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句“Most of it is made up of ghost gearparts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropesoften from illegal fishing vessels”可知，太平洋里的大部分垃圾是由廢棄的釣魚用具組成的。3Why do some creatures in The Great Pacific Garbage Patch die of starvation?ABecause they are killed by ghost gear.BBecause they are suffocated by ghost gear.CBecause they dont like eating plastic.DBecause they are not feeding properly.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句中的“but then starve to death because they are not feeding properly”可知，大太平洋垃圾帶的一些生物死于饑餓是因為它們不能真正地進(jìn)食。4What is the main idea of the passage?AA report about the death of marine life.BNews about the first machine to clean up ocean plastic.CInformation about ocean plastic.DThe reason for inventing a machine.B主旨大意題。本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了世界首個海洋垃圾清掃機(jī)的發(fā)明。第一段“Scientists are preparing to launch the worlds first machine to clean up the planets largest mass of ocean plastic”點明了文章的主題。故選B。B(2019合肥市第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測)Classifying things is critical for our daily lives. For example, we have to detect spam mail(垃圾郵件), false political news. When we use AI, such tasks are based on “classification technology” in machine learninghaving the computer learn, using the boundary separating positive and negative data. For example, “positive” data would be photos including a happy face, and “negative” data photos that include a sad face. Once a classification boundary is learned, the computer can determine whether certain data are positive or negative.However, the difficulty with this technology is that it requires both positive and negative data for the learning process, and negative data are not available in many cases. For instance, when a retailer(零售商) is trying to predict who will make a purchase, they can easily find data on customers who have purchased from them(positive data), but it is basically impossible to obtain data on customers who have never purchased from them(negative data), since they do not have access to their competitors data.According to lead author Takashi Ishida from RIKEN AIP, “Previous classification methods could not cope with the situation where negative data were not available, but we have made it possible for computers to learn with only positive data, as long as we have a confidence score for our positive data, constructed from information such as buying intention or the active rate of app users. Using our new method, we can let computers learn a classifier only from positive data equipped with confidence.”According to Ishida, “This discovery could expand the range of applications where classification technology can be used. Even in fields where machine learning has been actively used, our classification technology could be used in new situations where only positive data can be gathered due to data regulation or business constraints(限制). In the near future, we hope to put our technology to use in various research fields, such as natural language processing, computer vision, robotics, and bioinformatics.”【語篇解讀】分類對我們的日常生活至關(guān)重要。然而在分類技術(shù)機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)過程中，分類既需要積極的數(shù)據(jù)，也需要消極的數(shù)據(jù)，而消極的數(shù)據(jù)在很多情況下是很難獲得的?，F(xiàn)在科學(xué)家能用分類技術(shù)使機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)只識別積極的數(shù)據(jù)。5How can the computer distinguish the positive data from the negative data?ABy learning the classification boundary.BBy updating the data collected regularly.CBy separating happy faces and sad ones.DBy introducing classification technology.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Once a classification boundary is learned, the computer can determine whether certain data are positive or negative”可知，一旦學(xué)習(xí)了分類邊界，計算機(jī)就可以確定某些數(shù)據(jù)是積極的還是消極的，由此可知，計算機(jī)是通過學(xué)習(xí)分類邊界來區(qū)分積極數(shù)據(jù)和消極數(shù)據(jù)的。6Why is the example mentioned in Paragraph 2?ATo prove how important the positive data are.BTo confirm that data on customers are complete.CTo argue that retailers get their competitors data.DTo explain why negative data are hard to acquire.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章的第二段，尤其是第一句“However, the difficulty with this technology is that it requires both positive and negative data for the learning process, and negative data are not available in many cases”可知，在學(xué)習(xí)過程中，它既需要積極的數(shù)據(jù)，也需要消極的數(shù)據(jù)，而消極的數(shù)據(jù)在很多情況下是很難獲得的，進(jìn)而后面舉例說明解釋了為什么消極的數(shù)據(jù)很難獲得。7What do the underlined words“new method”in Paragraph 3 refer to?AAnalyzing buying intention.BBuilding a confidence score.CAssessing the active rate of app users.DEquipping the computer with confidence.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的第三段，尤其是畫線詞組前一句中的“but we have made it possible for computers to learn with only positive data, as long as we have a confidence score for our positive data, constructed from information such as buying intention or the active rate of app users”可推知，畫線詞組所在句表示使用這種建立信心指數(shù)的新方法，我們就可以讓電腦只用積極的數(shù)據(jù)來學(xué)習(xí)，故畫線詞組是指建立信心指數(shù)。8What can be a suitable title for the text?AThe History of Classification TechnologyBSmarter AI: Machine Learning Without Negative DataCBigger Data: Computers Assisting Language ProcessingDThe Comparison between Positive Data and Negative DataB標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，分類對我們的日常生活至關(guān)重要。然而在分類技術(shù)機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)過程中，分類既需要積極的數(shù)據(jù)，也需要消極的數(shù)據(jù)，而消極的數(shù)據(jù)在很多情況下是很難獲得的?，F(xiàn)在科學(xué)家能用分類技術(shù)使機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)只識別積極的數(shù)據(jù)。.完形填空(2019福建省質(zhì)量檢查測試)Every year, the fifth graders at Brookstone Elementary School went on a field trip to Washington, DC. Terence 1 the exciting trip, and was 2 to go the next year.Terence asked his parents 3 if they would pay for half of the trip if he earned the other half of the money himself. His parents 4 . He had almost a year to earn $150. His first 5 was to earn money by babysitting, and he typed a nice letter 6 that “he would babysit during his neighbors 7 ”. He named a few afternoons available and said he would 8 $1 per hour per child. After five babysitting 9 ， he earned $45.When the 10 weather arrived, Terence knocked on his neighbors doors to ask if they needed help with 11 work. He helped with mowing(修剪) and weeding gardens. After the summer was over, he earned $75. When the fall arrived, he counted his money and 12 that he still needed $30 for his trip. Soon his mom saw a(n) 13 for a job for him. He got a job 14 newspapers every Wednesday afternoon, making 5 cents for every paper, $10 15 each Wednesday. It wasnt long before he had 16 money to go on the trip to Washington, DC. He was 17 in time. The class trip was on October 15. His mom and dad gave him a check for the $150 they 18 him. What a great feeling! He helped 19 the cost of his trip.This experience 20 Terence in many ways, making his dream a reality with great efforts.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。小學(xué)生Terence非?？释トA盛頓進(jìn)行實地調(diào)查旅行，他希望自己掙一半旅費(fèi)，另一半由父母資助。父母答應(yīng)后，他通過幫鄰居照看小孩、修剪花園和給花園除雜草等工作攢夠了錢。1A.prepared forBlaid outCreferred toDheard aboutD根據(jù)空前一句可知，每年Terence所在學(xué)校的五年級學(xué)生都要去華盛頓進(jìn)行實地調(diào)查旅行；結(jié)合該句中的“to go the next year”可知，Terence應(yīng)該是聽說了這個激動人心的旅行，就渴望來年也去。D項意為“聽說”，故D項正確。A項意為“為做準(zhǔn)備”，B項意為“展開，鋪開”，C項意為“涉及”，都與語境不符。2A.dyingBgratefulCluckyDproudA參見上題解析。be dying to do sth.為固定搭配，意為“渴望做某事”，故A項正確。3A.curiouslyBcasuallyCanxiouslyDbrieflyC根據(jù)上文可知，Terence渴望去華盛頓進(jìn)行實地調(diào)查旅行；又結(jié)合語境可知，此處表示Terence急切地問他的父母是否愿意支付他參加旅行的一半費(fèi)用。C項意為“急切地，渴望地”，故C項正確。4A.submittedBagreedCbargainedDrefusedB根據(jù)下文可知，他有近一年的時間去掙150美元；又根據(jù)下文中的“His mom and dad gave him a check for the $150 they him”可知，他的父母同意(agreed)為他支付一半的旅行費(fèi)用。5A.ideaBjobCconclusionDsuggestionA根據(jù)該句中的“to earn money by babysitting” “typed a nice letter”并結(jié)合語境可知，他的第一個主意(idea)就是通過代人臨時照看孩子來掙錢，并打了一封信，信上說(saying)在鄰居不在時他可以幫他們照看孩子。6A.declaringBconfirmi