【最新】新人教版新八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)1-10單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)精析精煉.docx

Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?短語(yǔ)：go on vacation stay at home go to the mountains go to the beachvisit museums go to summer camp quite a few study forgo out most of the time taste good have a good timeof course feel like go shopping in the past walk aroundtoo many because of one bowl of find out go ontake photos something important up and down come up 語(yǔ)法：Where did you go on vacation? I went to New York City.Did you go out with anyone? No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.Did you buy anything special? Yes, I bought something for my father.How was the food? Everything tasted really good.Did everyone have a good time? Oh，yes. Everything was excellent.慣用法：1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 為某人買某物2. taste + adj. 嘗起來(lái)3. nothing .but + V.(原形) 除了之外什么都沒(méi)有4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起來(lái)5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到達(dá)某地6. decide to do sth. 決定做某事7. try doing sth. 嘗試做某事 / try to do sth. 盡力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 開(kāi)始做某事11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事12. look + adj 看起來(lái)13. dislike doing sth. 不喜歡做某事14. Why not do sth. 為什么不做.呢？15. so + adj + that + 從句 如此以至于16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴某人（不要） 做某事17. keep doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事18. forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘記做過(guò)某事詞語(yǔ)辨析：1. anywhere 與 somewhere 兩者都是不定副詞。anywhere 在任何地方 ， 常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。I cant find it anywhere.somewhere 在某處，到某處，常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here.2. seem + 形容詞 看起來(lái). You seem happy today.seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a cold I seems / seemed + 從句 看起來(lái)好像；似乎. It seems that no one believe you. seem like .好像，似乎. It seems like a god idea. 3. decide to do sth.決定做某事 They decide to visit the museum.來(lái)源:decide + 疑問(wèn)詞 + 動(dòng)詞不定式 He can not decide when to leave.4. start doing sth = start to do sth. 開(kāi)始，可與begin 互換 。He started doing his homework. 但以下幾種情況不能用begin .1) 創(chuàng)辦，開(kāi)辦： He started a new bllkshop last month.2) 機(jī)器開(kāi)動(dòng)： I cant start my car.3) 出發(fā)，動(dòng)身： I will start tomorrow morning.5. over 介詞，多于，超過(guò)，在以上（表示數(shù)目、程度）= more thanMy father is over 40 years old.在之上，與物體垂直且不接觸，與 under 相反。 There is a map over the blackboard.超過(guò)： I hear the news over the radio. 遍及： I want to travel all over the world.6. too many 太多，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)： Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.too much 太多，修飾不可數(shù)名詞，修飾動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。 We have too much work to do. Dont talk too much.much too 太，修飾形容詞或副詞。 The hat is much too big for me. Youre walking much too fast.分辨三者的口訣： too much, much too, 用法區(qū)別看后頭： much 后接不可數(shù)， too 后修飾形或副。too many 要記住，后面名詞必復(fù)數(shù)。7. because of 介詞短語(yǔ)，因?yàn)椋捎?，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞，不能接句子。He cant take a walk because of the rain.because 連詞，因?yàn)?，引?dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，表示直接明確的原因或理由。I dont buy the shirt because it was too expensive.對(duì)話：Rick: Hi, Helen. Long time no see.Helen: Hi, Rick. Yes, I was on vacation last month.Rick: Oh, did you go anywhere interesting?Helen: Yes, I went to Guizhou with my family.Rick: Wow! Did you see Huangguoshu waterfall?Helen: Yes, I did. It was wonderful! We took quite a few photo there. What about you? Did you do anything special last month?Rcik: Not really. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.用anyone ,something, anything, everything, nothing, everyone , no one 填空。1. Linda: Did you do _ fun on your bacation, Alice?Alice: Yes, I did. I went to Sanya.Linda: How did you like it?Alice: Well, it was my first time there, so _ was really interesting.Linda: Did you go with _?Alice: Yes, I did. I went with my sister.Linda: Did you go shopping?Alice: Of course! I bought _ for my parents. But _ for myself.Linda: Why didnt you buy _for yourself.Alice: I didnt really see_ I liked.2. Dear bill,How was your vacation? Did you do _ interesting? Did _ in the family go with you? I went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family. _was great. We fed some hens and saw some baby pigs. They were so cute! The only problem was that there was _ much to do in the evening but read. Still _ seemed to be bored. Byefor now! Mark用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。Last August, our class_(do) something very special on our school trip. We _(go) to mount Tai. We_(start) our trip at 12:00 at night. Everyone in our class_(take) a bag with some food and water. After three hours, someone looked at the map and _(find) out we _(be ,not) anywhere near the top. My legs _(be) so tired that I wanted to stop. My classmates_(tell) me to keep going, so I _(go) on. At 5:00 a.m., we got to the top! Everyone _(jump) up and down in excitement. Twenty minutes later, the sun _(start) to come up. It was so beautiful that we _(forget) about the last five hours!閱讀理解：I spent my last vacation trekking ( 徒步旅行) in Nepal，a small country in the Himalaya Mountains of Asia. On a trekking vacation, you walk for long distances through the mountains. There are very few roads in Nepal, so trekking is the best way to travel . Its best if you have a guide . The guides know the best paths to take and they also help trekkers with their bags. Our guide even cooked our food for us . Every day, we trekked for about four hours before lunch, and about two hours in the afternoon. At the end of the days trek, we sat around a campfire and talked about the things we saw. Then we went to sleep in large tents. Every morning, our guide brought breakfast to our tent. It was great. At the end of the trip, I didnt want to go home!Question: What is the best title for this passage?A. Traveling through Asia B. The people of Nepal C. Exercise and Health D. Waking in the Mountains閱讀短文回答問(wèn)題：Read Janes diary entries about her vacation and answer the question.Did Jane have a good time on Monday? What about on Tuesday? Monday, July15thI arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. My sister and I tried paragliding . I felt like I was a bird. It was so exciting. For lunch, we had something very specialMalaysian yellow noodles. They were delicious! In the afternoon, we rode bicycles to Georgetown. There are a lot of new buildings now, but many of the old buildings are still there. In Weld Quay, a really old place in Georgetown, we saw the houses of the Chinese traders from 100 years ago. I wonder what life was like here in the past. I really enjoyed walking around the town. Tuesday, July 16th What a difference a day makes! My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today. We wanted to walk up to the top, but then it stared raining a little so we decided to take the train. We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. When we got to the top, it was raining really hard. We didnt have an umbrella so we were wet and cold. It was terrible! And because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything. My father didnt bring enough money, so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish. The food tasted great because I was so hungry! Unit 1 Exercise一. 補(bǔ)全對(duì)話：Anna: Hi, Jane. Where you go on vacation last week?Jane: I _ to Penang in _. Anna: Who _you go with?Jane: I went with my _.Anna: What did you do?Jane: The weather was hot and _ on Monday, so we went _on the beach. Then in the afternoon, we_ bicycles to Georgetown.Anna: Sounds good!Jane: Well, but the nest day was not good. My_ and I went to Penang Hill, but the weather_ really bad and rainy. We _ a long time for the train and we were _ and cold because we forgot to bring an _.Anna: Oh, no!Jane: And thats not all! We also didnt bring_ money, so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish.二. 漢譯英1. 當(dāng)學(xué)生們?cè)谡f(shuō)話時(shí)，王老師進(jìn)來(lái)了。（as ）2. Tom踢足球不錯(cuò)，但是我踢得也一樣好。(as )3. 我對(duì)他不夠熟悉。(enough)4. 他感覺(jué)像在游泳一樣。(feel like )5. 你想和我在公園散步嗎？(feel like )6. 為什么不試著騎車去上學(xué)呢？（try）7. 我不能決定我該去哪兒. (decide)8. 為什么不把你兒子帶來(lái)參加聚會(huì)？（bring）9. 我差點(diǎn)忘了我的鑰匙。(forget)10. 我不喜歡玩電腦游戲。 （dislike）11. 他是一個(gè)留著短發(fā)的高個(gè)子小孩。 （with）12. 他跑得非?？?，沒(méi)有人能追上他。（sothat）13. 她每天早晨早起以便能趕上早班公共汽車。(sothat)14. 我告訴他不要在墻上畫(huà)畫(huà)。（tellnot to do） Unit 2 How often do you exercise?短語(yǔ)：help with housework go shopping on weekends how often hardly everonce a week twice a month go to the movies every day use the Internetbe free have dance and piano lessons swing dance play tennis stay up lateat least go to bed early play sports be good for go campingin ones free time not.at all the most popular such as go to the dentistmore than old habits the hard less than 語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)：What do you usually do on weekends? I always exercise.What do they do on weekends? They often help with housework.What does she do on weekends? She sometimes goes shopping.How often do you go to the movies? I go to the movies maybe once a month.How often does he watch TV? He hardly ever watches TV.Do you go shopping? No, I never go shopping.慣用法：1. help sb. with sth 幫助某人做某事2. How about? .怎么樣？/ .好不好？3. want sb. to do sth. 想讓某人做某事4. How many + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+ 一般疑問(wèn)句 .有多少.5. 主語(yǔ)+ find+ that 從句 發(fā)現(xiàn)6. Its + adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是.的7. spend time with sb. 和某人一起度過(guò)時(shí)光8. ask sb. about sth. 向某人詢問(wèn)某事9. by doing sth. 通過(guò)做某事10. Whats your favorite.? 你最喜歡的是什么？11 start doing sth. 開(kāi)始做某事12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式詞語(yǔ)辨析：1. how often 多久一次，用來(lái)提問(wèn)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率?；卮鹩茫簅nce，twice, three times 等詞語(yǔ)。How often do you play sports? Three times a week.how long 多長(zhǎng)，用來(lái)詢問(wèn)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，也可詢問(wèn)某物有多長(zhǎng)。How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ruler?how for 多遠(yuǎn)， 用來(lái)詢問(wèn)距離，指路程的遠(yuǎn)近。 How far is it from here to the park? Its about 2 kilometers.2. free 空閑的，有空的， 反義詞為 busy. be free 有空，閑著，相當(dāng)于 have time.Ill be free next week. = Ill have time next week. 還可作“免費(fèi)的、自由的”解。be free to do sth. 自由地做某事。The tickets are free. Youre free to go or to stay.3. How come？ 怎么會(huì)？ 怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有點(diǎn)想不通；可單獨(dú)使用，也可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)問(wèn)句， 相當(dāng)于疑問(wèn)句 why, 但 how come 開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句使用的仍然是陳述語(yǔ)序。How come Tom didnt come to the party? = Why didnt Tom come to the party?4. stay up late 指“熬夜到很晚，遲睡”。 Dont stay up late next time. stay up 指“熬夜，不睡覺(jué)”。 He stayed up all night to write his story.5. go to bed 強(qiáng)調(diào)“上床睡覺(jué)”的動(dòng)作及過(guò)程，但人不一定睡著。I went to bed at eleven last night.go to sleep 強(qiáng)調(diào)“入睡，睡著，進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)”。 She was so tired that she went to sleep soon.6. find + 賓語(yǔ) +名詞, 發(fā)現(xiàn) ： We have found him (to be) a good boy.find + 賓語(yǔ) + 形容詞， 發(fā)現(xiàn)： He found the room dirty.find + 賓語(yǔ) + 現(xiàn)在分詞， 發(fā)現(xiàn) ： I found her standing at the door.7. percent 百分?jǐn)?shù)， 基數(shù)詞 + percent： percent 沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，根據(jù)所修飾的名詞來(lái)判斷謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)。 Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. Thirty percent of time passed.8. more than 超過(guò)，多于，不僅僅， 相當(dāng)于 over. 在句型轉(zhuǎn)換中考查兩者的同義替換。反義詞組為：less than. I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years.9. afraid 形容詞， 擔(dān)心的，害怕的，在句中作表語(yǔ)，不用在名詞前作定語(yǔ)。Im afraid we cant come here on time. be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人 / 某事； be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。Some children are afraid of the dark. Dont be afraid of asking question.Im afraid + 從句， 恐怕， 擔(dān)心： Im afraid I have to go now.10. sometimes , sometime, some times , some time 的區(qū)別：sometimes 頻度副詞， 有時(shí)。表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的不經(jīng)常性，多與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用，可位于句首、句中或句末。Sometimes I get up very early. -How often do you get up?sometime 副詞，某個(gè)時(shí)候。 表示不確切或不具體的時(shí)間，常用于過(guò)去時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，對(duì)它用疑問(wèn)詞when.I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. -When will you go to Shanghai next week?some times 名詞詞組， 幾次，幾倍。其中time 是可數(shù)名詞，對(duì)它提問(wèn)用how many times.I have read the story some times. -How many times have you read the story?some time 名詞短語(yǔ)， 一段時(shí)間. 表示“一段時(shí)間”時(shí)，句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，提問(wèn)時(shí)用 How long.I ll stay here for some time. -How long will you stay here?Jack: Hi, Cllaire, are you free next week?Claire: Humnext week is quite full for me, Jack.來(lái)源:數(shù)理化網(wǎng)Jack: Really? How come?Claire: I have dance and piano lessons.Jack: What kind of dance are you learning?Claire: Oh, swing dance. Its fun! I have class once a week every Monday.Jack: How often do you have piano lessons?Claire: Twice a week, on Wednesday and Friday. Jack: Well, how about Tuesday.Claire: Oh, I have to play tennis with my friends. But do you want to come?Jack: Sure!用 do / does 完成問(wèn)題并配對(duì)。1. How often _ he play soccer? a. Yes, She usually does.2. _you drink milk? b. Hardly ever . I dont like them.3. How often _they stay up late? c. He plays at least twice a week.4. _Sue eat a healthy breakfast? d. No, they dont. Theyre too busy.5. How often _you eat apple? e. Never. They always go to bed early.6. _ your parents play sports? f. Yes, I do. Every day.讀短文，完成問(wèn)題。What do No. 5 High School Students do in their free time?Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. Our questions were about exercise., use of the Internet and watching TV. Here are the results.We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day. Forty-five percent exercise four to six times a week. Twenty percent exercise only one to three times a week. And twenty percent do not exercise at all!We all know that many students often go on-line, but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day. The other ten percent use it at lease three or four time a week. Most students use it for fun and not for homework.The answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting. Only two percent of the students watch TV one to three times a week. Thirteen percent watch TV four to six times a week. And eighty-five percent watch TV every day! Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular.It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. It is healthy for the mind and the body. Exercise as playing spots is fun, and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. And remember, “ Old habits die hard”, So stat exercising before its too late!Exercise_% every day _%4-6times a week_% 1-3 times a week _%no exerciseUse the Internet _% every day _%3-4times a weekWatch TV _% every day _%4-6 times a week_% 1-3 times a week看表格信息完成報(bào)告 activities Day a year Exercise Read books Watch TV for over 2 hours Drink juice Eat hamburgers Help with housework Stay up late Go to the dentist 365 365 320 210 95 20 15 0 Jane is a 16-year-old high school student in the United States. American Teenager magazine asked her about her habits. Jane has a lot of good habits. She always exercise and she reads books _. Also, she _ drinks juice and she _stay up late. However, she has some bad habits, too. She _watches TV for more than two hours a day, and she _eats hamburgers. Her parents are not very happy because she _ helps with housework and she _ goes to the dentist for teeth cleaning. She says she is afraid.閱讀理解In England, everybody knows Jamie Oliver. He has his own TV programs. In these programs, he tells how to cook healthy food. Everyone likes Jamies programs because his food is easy to make.Jamie wants people to eat healthily. In some schools in England, the food at lunch time wasnt healthy. One day, Jamie went to a school to make a TV program about healthy diet. He cooked the food with lots of fruit and vegetables. At first the children didnt want to eat because they didnt like fruit or vegetables. But after they tasted the food , they started to enjoy it.Now the food for children in schools has become much healthier. 1. people like Jamies TV programs about food because his food _.A. is always healthy B. is easy to make C. is good for kids 2. One day, Jamie visited a school and _.A. surveyed the students diet B. showed the students how to cook C.make a program about healthy food3. From the passage we learn that Jamie is a famous _.A. TV host B. film actor C. school teacher、 Unit 2 Exercise補(bǔ)充練習(xí)：一、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話A. What do Tom and Mike _do on weekends?B: They sometimes go to the museum.A: _ do they go to the shopping center?B: _ ever. Maybe about twice a month.A: _ do they watch TV?B: Mike never watch TV, but Tom watches TV _ day.A: Oh, Im just like Tom. I _ watch TV ,too.二、漢譯英1. 我經(jīng)常幫他學(xué)英